WO2024027597A1

WO2024027597A1 - Tool grinding machine

Info

Publication number: WO2024027597A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/109881
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张春晖; 陈闹; 邹文毅; 史伟; 尚吉顺; 李长顺; 王宇辉
Original assignee: 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司
Priority date: 2022-08-05
Filing date: 2023-07-28
Publication date: 2024-02-08
Also published as: CN115008266B; CN115008266A

Abstract

Provided is a tool grinding machine, comprising: a machine body (100), the machine body (100) being provided with a pillar (101); a rotating shaft housing (300), the rotating shaft housing (300) being arranged on the pillar (101) to be capable of moving back and forth in an X-axis direction, wherein a workpiece housing (400) rotating around a B shaft is arranged at a power output end of the rotating shaft housing (300), and a clamp rotating around an A shaft is arranged at a power output end of the workpiece housing (400); a Z-axis slide table (200), the Z-axis slide table (200) being arranged on the pillar (101) to be capable of moving left and right in a Z-axis direction; and a grinding wheel spindle housing (500), the grinding wheel spindle housing (500) being arranged on the Z-axis slide table (200) to be capable of moving up and down in a Y-axis direction, wherein a grinding wheel rotating around a C shaft is arranged at a power output end of the grinding wheel spindle housing (500). All moving parts of the tool grinding machine are hung on the same pillar, such that the influence of thermal deformation of a machine tool on machining precision can be effectively reduced, the structure is compact, and the occupied floor area can be effectively reduced.

Description

a tool grinder

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, and in particular to a tool grinder.

Background technique

In metal cutting, ordinary high-speed steel tools and welded carbide tools are gradually replaced by precision carbide solid tools and various CNC indexable tools. Compared with traditional high-speed steel tools, solid carbide tools are characterized by high hardness, high brittleness, and complex working surface shapes. It is difficult to meet the requirements using traditional processing methods, and CNC tool grinders are generally used for processing. In recent years, the introduction and continuous improvement of performance of high-precision multi-axis CNC tool grinders have met the needs of high-precision grinding processing technology for carbide tools and promoted the application of carbide tools. The traditional knife sharpening machine has a complex structure, long transmission chain, poor accuracy, and cannot meet the diverse production environment. Issues such as how to grind complex tools, as well as improving the versatility of machine tools and accuracy consistency during batch grinding have become technical problems that technicians in the field need to solve urgently. Although there are some existing technologies on the market that consider this aspect and have achieved certain results, there are still problems such as deformation caused by grinding heat, affecting the consistency of processing accuracy, as well as shortcomings such as large floor space and low versatility. .

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a tool grinder that occupies a small area and can alleviate or even solve the impact of thermal deformation of machine tools on machining accuracy.

A tool grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

A bed, the bed is provided with a column;

The rotary axis box is disposed on the column so as to be movable forward and backward along the X-axis direction, and the rotary axis box is provided with a B-axis for rotation;

Z-axis sliding table, the Z-axis sliding table is disposed on the column so as to be able to move left and right along the Z-axis direction;

The workpiece box is arranged on the power output end of the B-axis or is arranged on the Z-axis slide table so as to be movable up and down in the Y-axis direction. The power output end of the workpiece box is provided with a winding A-axis rotating clamp used to clamp workpieces;

The grinding wheel spindle box is disposed on the Z-axis sliding table or on the power output end of the B-axis so as to be movable up and down in the Y-axis direction. The power output end of the grinding wheel spindle box is A grinding wheel rotating around the C-axis is provided.

The tool grinder according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

Using the invention with the above structure, all moving parts of the tool grinder are suspended on the same column, which can effectively reduce the impact of thermal deformation of the machine tool on the machining accuracy. And compared with the structures on the market, the workpiece and grinding wheel in the present invention are all arranged on a single column, which not only realizes multi-axis adjustment to meet processing needs, but also has a compact structure, which can effectively reduce the floor space. At the same time, the structure of the invention is convenient for loading and unloading workpieces, replacing grinding wheels, etc. Moreover, the positions of the workpiece box and the grinding wheel spindle box can be interchanged, making it easy to flexibly set according to needs.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the uprights and the bed are integrally formed.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a grinding wheel dresser is provided on the bed.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first right-angled surface is provided on the column, the first right-angled surface has a horizontal surface and a vertical surface, and the Z-axis slide table is slidably installed on the first right-angled surface.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second right-angled surface is provided on the upright column, the second right-angled surface has a horizontal surface and a vertical surface, and the grinding wheel spindle box is slidably installed on the second right-angled surface.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the column is provided with an X-axis movement driving mechanism at one end of the rotary axis box away from the workpiece box, and an X-axis movement driving mechanism is provided at one end of the rotary axis box away from the workpiece box. B-axis rotation drive mechanism, the column is provided with a Z-axis movement drive mechanism at one end of the Z-axis slide table away from the rotary axis box, and a Y-axis movement drive mechanism is provided at the upper end of the Z-axis slide table, so An end of the grinding wheel spindle box away from the workpiece box is provided with a C-axis rotation drive mechanism, and the workpiece box is provided with an A-axis rotation drive mechanism.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the X-axis movement driving mechanism, the Y-axis movement driving mechanism and the Z-axis movement driving mechanism are servo motor direct drive structures, servo motors and synchronous belt drive structures, servo motors and deceleration structures. It is one of the machine drive structure and linear motor structure.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the C-axis rotation drive mechanism is an electric spindle structure or a spindle motor and synchronous belt drive structure, and the A-axis rotation drive mechanism and the B-axis rotation drive mechanism are a torque motor direct drive structure. One of the servo motor and worm gear drive structure, servo motor and precision gearbox structure, servo motor and crank connecting rod structure.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the rotary shaft box is provided with a first measurement system for measuring the diameter of the grinding wheel and the spatial thermal deformation of the C-axis.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grinding wheel spindle box is provided with a second measurement system for measuring the grinding dimensions of the workpiece and the spatial thermal deformation of the A-axis.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fixture is used to hold tools for tool machining, or for holding spiral bevel gears for gear machining.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in, and in part will be apparent from, the description which follows, Or learned through the practice of the present invention.

Description of the drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a column;

Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary shaft box;

Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the spiral bevel gear processing according to the present invention.

Reference signs:

Lathe bed 100, column 101, Z-axis movement driving mechanism 102;

Z-axis sliding table 200, Y-axis moving drive mechanism 201;

Rotary axis box 300;

Workpiece box 400;

Grinding wheel spindle box 500, C-axis rotation drive mechanism 501;

Grinding wheel dresser 600;

first measurement system 700;

Second measurement system 800.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", ""Back","Left","Right","Vertical","Horizontal","Top","Bottom","Inside","Outside","Axis","Radial","Circumferential" The indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or in a specific manner. orientation construction and operation and therefore should not be construed as limitations of the invention. In addition, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more than two superior.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connection, or integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , a tool grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bed 100 , a rotary axis box 300 , a Z-axis slide 200 and a grinding wheel spindle box 500 . The bed 100 is provided with a column 101. The column 101 can be integrally formed with the bed 100, or can be fixed on the bed 100 by assembly. The rotary axis box 300 is disposed on the column 101 so as to be movable forward and backward along the X-axis direction. The power output end of the rotary axis box 300 is provided with a workpiece box 400 that rotates around the B-axis. The clamp rotates around the A-axis and is used to clamp the workpiece. The Z-axis slide table 200 is disposed on the column 101 so as to be movable left and right along the Z-axis direction. The grinding wheel spindle box 500 is disposed on the Z-axis slide 200 so as to be movable up and down along the Y-axis direction. The power output end of the grinding wheel spindle box 500 is provided with a grinding wheel that rotates around the C-axis. In this embodiment, the workpiece to be processed and the grinding wheel can be three-dimensionally moved and adjusted through the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, and rotationally adjusted through the A-axis, B-axis, and C-axis, thereby achieving grinding at different positions and angles. . Using the present invention with the above structural arrangement, all moving parts of the tool grinder are suspended on the same column 101, which can effectively reduce the impact of thermal deformation of the machine tool on the machining accuracy. And compared with the structures on the market, the workpiece and grinding wheel in the present invention are all arranged on a single column 101, which not only realizes multi-axis adjustment to meet processing needs, but also has a compact structure, which can effectively reduce the floor space. At the same time, the structure of the invention is convenient for loading and unloading workpieces, replacing grinding wheels, etc. It can be understood that the structural arrangement of this embodiment is suitable for tool processing. It is only necessary to provide a clamp that matches the tool on the workpiece box 400 and use the clamp to hold the tool. Moreover, the positions of the grinding wheel spindle box 500 and the workpiece box 400 can be interchanged, that is, the workpiece box 400 is arranged on the Z-axis slide table 200 to slide up and down, and the grinding wheel spindle box 500 is arranged at the output end of the B-axis (i.e. The front end of the rotary shaft box 300).

Referring to Figure 2, it can be understood that in some embodiments, two first right-angle surfaces are provided at the front end of the upright column 101. The first right-angle surfaces are male angle structures, and a female angle is formed between the two first right-angle surfaces. Angular structure. The upper end surface of the first right-angled surface located above and the vertical surface of the first right-angled surface located below are respectively provided with a Z-axis slide rail, and the Z-axis slide table 200 is slidably installed on the two Z-axis slide rails. At the same time, the column 101 is provided with a Z-axis movement driving mechanism 102 on the left side of the Z-axis slide table 200. The Z-axis movement driving mechanism 102 is provided with a Z-axis screw rod at the inner corner structure. The Z-axis slide table 200 and the Z-axis screw rod pass through Thread fit. The Z-axis movement driving mechanism 102 controls the Z-axis slide table 200 to move along the Z-axis direction by controlling the rotation of the Z-axis screw rod. Adopting the structural arrangement of this embodiment not only helps to improve the installation convenience of the Z-axis slide table 200, but also helps to ensure the structural stability of the Z-axis slide table 200. Especially in the structure in which the grinding wheel spindle box 500 is suspended at the front end of the Z-axis slide table 200, this The structural settings of the embodiment can effectively ensure the stability of the overall structure and the accuracy of the transmission process. The Z-axis moving driving mechanism 102 is located on the left side, which facilitates the docking of the workpiece and the grinding wheel, making the structure more compact. The Z-axis movement driving mechanism 102 in this embodiment uses a servo motor to directly drive the Z-axis screw rod, or a servo motor and a synchronous belt to drive the Z-axis screw rod, or a servo motor and a reducer to drive the Z-axis screw rod. , or cancel the Z-axis screw and use a linear motor to drive directly. A Y-axis movement drive mechanism 201 is provided at the upper end of the Z-axis slide table 200 to control the grinding wheel spindle box 500 to move up and down. The Y-axis movement drive mechanism 201 can be configured with reference to the Z-axis movement drive mechanism 102 . A C-axis rotation drive mechanism 501 is provided on the left side of the grinding wheel spindle box 500 to control the rotation of the grinding wheel. The C-axis rotation drive mechanism 501 is an electric spindle structure or a spindle motor and synchronous belt drive structure.

Similarly, in some embodiments, in order to facilitate the installation of the rotary axis box 300, a second right-angled surface is provided on the right side of the column 101, and the rotary axis box 300 is installed on the second right-angled surface. The column 101 is provided with an X-axis movement driving mechanism at the rear end of the rotary axis box 300 . The X-axis movement driving mechanism can be configured with reference to the Z-axis movement driving mechanism 102 . The rear end of the rotary shaft box 300 is provided with a B-axis rotation drive mechanism. The B-axis rotation drive mechanism can adopt one of the torque motor direct drive structure, servo motor and worm gear drive structure, servo motor and precision gearbox structure, or servo motor and crank connecting rod structure to realize the rotation drive of the B-axis. The workpiece box 400 is installed at the front end of the B-axis. The workpiece box 400 is provided with an A-axis rotational driving mechanism, and its structure can be configured with reference to the B-axis rotational driving mechanism.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, a grinding wheel dresser 600 is provided on the machine bed 100 , and the axis of the grinding wheel dresser 600 is coplanar and parallel to the C-axis. The grinding wheel dresser 600 of this embodiment is fixed on the bed 100. By controlling the Z-axis slide 200 and the grinding wheel spindle box 500 to control the grinding wheel docking with the grinding wheel dresser 600, the sand dressing accuracy can be improved.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, the upper end of the rotary axis box 300 is provided with a first measurement system 700 for measuring the diameter of the grinding wheel and the spatial thermal deformation of the C-axis. The lower end of the grinding wheel spindle box 500 is provided with a second measurement system 800 for measuring the grinding dimensions of the workpiece and the spatial thermal deformation of the A-axis. The first measurement system 700 and the second measurement system 800 may adopt any structure in the existing technology, such as a laser measurement structure and a touch probe structure. By controlling the movement and approach of the workpiece and grinding wheel relative to the corresponding measurement system, the corresponding size and whether spatial thermal deformation occurs can be calculated by judging the movement distance.

To sum up, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. It adopts a single column 101 structure. The main moving parts of the machine tool are suspended on the column 101, which can effectively reduce the impact of thermal deformation of the machine tool on the machining accuracy;

2. The installation position of the grinding wheel dresser 600 is fixed, which can improve the accuracy of sand dressing;

3. Dual measurement. One measuring system is installed on the rotary axis box 300, which can measure the diameter of the grinding wheel and the spatial thermal deformation of the C-axis. The other measuring system is installed on the grinding wheel spindle box 500, which can measure Dimensions of the tool being ground, It can also measure the spatial thermal deformation of the A-axis;

4. It has a wide range of applications. By replacing the grinding wheel and fixture, it can grind a variety of tools, and it can also be used as a small CNC machine tool to process parts;

5. Referring to Figure 4, the present invention can realize the grinding process of spiral bevel gears by replacing the grinding wheel tooling on the C-axis, the grinding wheel, the diamond roller of the grinding wheel dresser and the furniture;

6. The grinding wheel can be replaced with a milling cutter for milling spiral bevel gears;

7. The grinding wheel, fixture and diamond roller can be replaced, making it easy to get on and off the workpiece;

8. Compact structure and small footprint.

In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" or the like is intended to be incorporated into the description of the implementation. An example or example describes a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic that is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

A tool grinder, which is characterized in that it includes:

A bed, the bed is provided with a column;

The rotary axis box is disposed on the column so as to be movable forward and backward along the X-axis direction, and the rotary axis box is provided with a B-axis for rotation;

Z-axis sliding table, the Z-axis sliding table is disposed on the column so as to be able to move left and right along the Z-axis direction;

The workpiece box is arranged on the power output end of the B-axis or is arranged on the Z-axis slide table so as to be movable up and down in the Y-axis direction. The power output end of the workpiece box is provided with a winding A-axis rotating clamp used to clamp workpieces;

The grinding wheel spindle box is disposed on the Z-axis sliding table or on the power output end of the B-axis so as to be movable up and down in the Y-axis direction. The power output end of the grinding wheel spindle box is A grinding wheel rotating around the C-axis is provided.
The tool grinder according to claim 1, wherein the upright column and the bed are integrally formed.
The tool grinder according to claim 1, wherein a grinding wheel dresser is provided on the bed.
The tool grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that a first right-angle surface is provided on the upright column, the first right-angle surface has a horizontal plane and a vertical plane, and the Z-axis slide table is slidably installed on the first right-angle surface. On a straight angle.
The tool grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that a second right-angled surface is provided on the upright column, the second right-angled surface has a horizontal plane and a vertical plane, and the grinding wheel spindle box is slidably installed on the third right-angled surface. Two right angle surfaces.
The tool grinder according to claim 1, wherein the column is provided with an X-axis movement driving mechanism at an end of the rotary axis box away from the workpiece box, and the rotary axis box is away from the workpiece. One end of the box is provided with a B-axis rotation drive mechanism, the column is provided with a Z-axis movement drive mechanism at the end of the Z-axis slide away from the rotary axis box, and the upper end of the Z-axis slide is provided with a Y Axis moving drive mechanism, the end of the grinding wheel spindle box away from the workpiece box is provided with a C-axis rotation drive mechanism, and the workpiece box is provided with an A-axis rotation drive mechanism.
The tool grinder according to claim 6, characterized in that the X-axis movement driving mechanism, the Y-axis movement driving mechanism and the Z-axis movement driving mechanism are servo motor direct drive structures, servo motors and synchronous belt drives. Structure, servo motor and reducer drive structure, one of the linear motor structures.
The tool grinder according to claim 6, wherein the C-axis rotation drive mechanism is an electric spindle structure or a spindle motor and synchronous belt drive structure, and the A-axis rotation drive mechanism and the B-axis rotation drive mechanism are One of the torque motor direct drive structure, servo motor and worm gear drive structure, servo motor and precision gearbox structure, servo motor and crank connecting rod structure.
The tool grinder according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rotary shaft box is provided with The first measurement system is used to measure the diameter of the grinding wheel and the spatial thermal deformation of the C-axis. The grinding wheel spindle box is provided with a second measurement system for measuring the grinding size of the workpiece and the spatial thermal deformation of the A-axis.
The tool grinder according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the clamp is used to hold a tool for tool processing or a spiral bevel gear for gear processing.