CN102672280A - Gear cutting machine tool - Google Patents
Gear cutting machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN102672280A CN102672280A CN2012101403710A CN201210140371A CN102672280A CN 102672280 A CN102672280 A CN 102672280A CN 2012101403710 A CN2012101403710 A CN 2012101403710A CN 201210140371 A CN201210140371 A CN 201210140371A CN 102672280 A CN102672280 A CN 102672280A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gear cutting machine tool. The gear cutting machine tool comprises a body (1), a column (2), a workpiece box (3), a horizontal sliding table (9) and a toolbox (6). The body (1) and the column (2) are combined in various combining forms, and which is forms parallel to X axis at a middle through hole. A first linear driving shaft (16) and a first rotary shaft box body (19) are arranged in the through hole. The gear cutting machine tool provided by the invention is compact in structure, low in cost, stable and reliable in performance, small in occupied area and good in rigidity. Cuttings are easy to discharge and dry cutting is easier to implement. The gear cutting machine tool provided by the invention has fewer parts as a whole, and is good in processing property and suitable for industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of machining tool, particularly relate to a kind of gear cutting machine.
Background technology
In the prior art, Machining Spiral Bevel Gear equipment has mechanical type hypoid generating machine and numerical-control machine tool for processing spiral bevel gear.The structure of mechanical type hypoid generating machine is the most complicated in the gear machine with the adjustment link.Referring to accompanying drawing 1; Existing numerical-control machine tool for processing spiral bevel gear utilizes computer directly control three linear axis (being X, Y, Z axle) and three turning cylinders (being A, B, C axle); With the working motion of simulation mechanical type spiral bevel gear, thereby process spiral bevel gear.Numerical-control machine tool for processing spiral bevel gear converts complex mechanical construction into software control, has realized the information-based and intelligent of Machining Spiral Bevel Gear.Said structure be with toolbox along the Y axle, workpiece box is simulated the revolution of cutter around the cage chair axis along the interlock of X axle, the swing that the function of tilt mechanism is changed into the B axle realizes.This structure is not given full play to the effect of Numeric Control Technology, has following major defect:
1, this structure is because column is motionless; Toolbox is installed on the column (8) through the slide plate that is layering; In order to let the cutter (26) that is installed on the toolbox (13) on the horizontal sliding table (10) be worked into workpiece; Have no alternative but stretch cutter spindle (25) very long, thereby strengthened the overhang ratio of cutter (26) stress point, cause cutter spindle (25) rigidity also not so good with the main shaft bearing support distances.
2, the design of this machine tool structure is in that processing is left and right when revolving spiral bevel gear; The processing stand of lathe is respectively at the upper-lower position of workpiece (27); Thereby cause the processing stand change in location of lathe very big; Toolbox is very long at the Y directional run, and the position of processing stand is also very high, and these are not fine to the whole processing of lathe rigidity.
3, this structure X, Y, three linear motion axis of Z design to such an extent that relatively disperse, and cause the lathe floor space big, bad protection.
4, this structure X axle slide plate (28) in process because will be along X to slip; X need be installed on the lathe bed (1) to guide rail (16,17); Cause chip area (29) can not open to the whole machining process zone, though this structure can be installed the steel protection of armor formula on the X axle, iron filings fall still bad cleaning on protection; Particularly mill teeth the time, a large amount of iron filings are deposited on the lathe this situation especially easily.
5, for environmental protection and saving, the developing direction of spiral bevel gear mill teeth is to do cutting, does not promptly add cooling fluid man-hour adding; Cutting speed is very fast, and heat is cut to be taken away, and this just requires scorching hot cutting can not drop on the lathe bed; In order to avoid cause the thermal deformation of lathe, the device of Fig. 1 is difficult to accomplish this point.
6, machine part is many, and floor space is big, and work-handling is inconvenient.Publication number is that the patent application prospectus of CN1457279 has been put down in writing a kind of machine of producing bevel gear, and this machine designs cutter spindle and work spindle on a column entirely, and its structure not only causes manufacturing cost high, and the manufacturability of assembling is bad.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to propose a kind of simple in structurely, and stability and good reliability, efficient is high, floor space is little, protection and chip removal are easy, the gear cutting machine easy to loading and unloading of workpiece and cutter.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, gear cutting machine provided by the invention comprises lathe bed; Column, workpiece box, horizontal sliding table; Toolbox, the width of said lathe bed and column, highly, thickness direction is defined as Y axle, Z axle, the X-direction of space Descartes's rectangular coordinate system successively; Comprise the first linear drives axle that at least one axis is parallel with said X-direction, on the said first linear drives axle, the first gyroaxis casing is installed, the said first linear drives axle drives the said first gyroaxis casing along said X-direction moving linearly; Comprise the second linear drives axle that at least one axis is parallel with said Y direction, said horizontal sliding table is installed on the said second linear drives axle, and the said second linear drives axle drives said horizontal sliding table along said Y direction moving linearly; On said horizontal sliding table, be provided with at least one axis three linear drives axle parallel with said Z-direction; Said toolbox is installed on said the 3rd linear drives axle; Said the 3rd linear drives axle drives said toolbox along said Z-direction moving linearly; Described lathe bed adopts multiple combining form to be combined in the center with described column and forms a through hole parallel with described X-direction, and described first linear drives axle and the described first gyroaxis casing are arranged in the described through hole.
The combining form of described lathe bed and described column is: described lathe bed is the U-shaped lathe bed, and described column is inverted U-shaped column, and described U-shaped lathe bed docks with described inverted U-shaped column.
The combining form of described lathe bed and described column is: described lathe bed is the U-shaped lathe bed, and described column is straight column, and described U-shaped lathe bed docks with described straight column.
The combining form of described lathe bed and described column is: described lathe bed and the described column integral body that permeates, forming described through hole in the middle is polygonal hole.
The combining form of described lathe bed and described column is: described lathe bed is the U-shaped lathe bed; Described column is to be made up of first column, second column and crossbeam; Described crossbeam docks with the upper end of described first column and second column, and described U-shaped lathe bed docks with the lower end of described first column, second column.
The combining form of described lathe bed and described column is: described lathe bed is the level bed body; Described column is to be made up of first column, second column and crossbeam; Described crossbeam docks with the upper end of described first column and second column, and described level bed body docks with the lower end of described first column, second column.
The combining form of described lathe bed and described column is: described lathe bed is the level bed body, and described column is inverted U-shaped column, and described level bed body docks with described inverted U-shaped column.
Described through hole has big fillet or chamfering in the middle vacancy that the described first linear drives axle passes.
First guiding rail that supports the described first gyroaxis casing is installed in top, below or the left and right sides of described through hole.
The combining form of described lathe bed and described column is: described lathe bed and the described column integral body that permeates, forming described through hole in the middle is circular hole.
Adopt the gear cutting machine of technique scheme; Among the present invention; Be provided with slew gear in the said first gyroaxis casing, said slew gear drives first gyroaxis of being located in the said first gyroaxis casing and rotates, and an end of said first gyroaxis is provided with workpiece box; Be provided with drive unit in the said slew gear; Said drive unit is selected from a kind of in torque motor, gear drive, crank linkage driving system, the Worm and worm-wheel gearing.
Among the present invention; Said workpiece box is provided with the work spindle of the axis normal of an axis and said first gyroaxis; One end of said work spindle is provided with the Workpiece carrier platform that workpiece to be machined is installed, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of work spindle in being located at workpiece box.
Among the present invention; In said through hole, be provided with axis direction said first guiding rail parallel with X-direction, first gathering sill that the said first gyroaxis casing is provided with through its bottom surface contact realization along the location of the support of Z-direction and Y direction and the guiding of the said X-direction moving linearly in said first gyroaxis casing edge is provided with said first guiding rail coupling.
Among the present invention; On said column, be provided with axis direction second guiding rail parallel with said Y direction, the gathering sill that said horizontal sliding table is provided with through an one of which side contacts with said second guiding rail coupling to be realized locating and provide the guiding of said horizontal sliding table along said Y direction moving linearly along the support of Z-direction.
Among the present invention; On said horizontal sliding table, be provided with axis direction three guiding rail parallel with said Z-direction, the gathering sill that said toolbox is provided with through one of which side contact realization along the location of Y direction and the guiding of the said Z-direction moving linearly in said toolbox edge is provided with said the 3rd guiding rail coupling.
Among the present invention; Said toolbox is provided with the cutter spindle of the parallel axes of an axis and said the 3rd driving shaft; One end of said cutter spindle is provided with the base of tool of mounting cutter, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of cutter spindle in being located at toolbox.
Among the present invention, on the said first gyroaxis casing and be provided with the static pressure supplemental support between the said workpiece box.
Know-why of the present invention is; Spiral bevel gear is in process; The relative motion of cutter and workpiece is depended in the formation of its flank of tooth, and the relative position of cutter and workpiece is accomplished by three linear drives axles, i.e. the first linear drives axle, the second linear drives axle, the 3rd linear drives axle and three turning cylinders; Promptly first gyroaxis, cutter spindle, tool spindle are confirmed, six setting can be in the relative position of any needs as long as guarantee cutter and workpiece.The present invention confirms at the various possible setting means of having studied three linear drives axles and three gyroaxises and after analyzing its pluses and minuses.The process that the present invention processes spiral bevel gear is:
1, on the cutter spindle of toolbox, installs cutter; On the work spindle of workpiece box, install spiral bevel gear; Computer is at first controlled the rotation of first gyroaxis behind the start-up routine; Drive workpiece box around angle of first gyroaxis revolution, the size of angle of revolution is exactly the wheel blank established angle that spiral bevel gear has just begun to add man-hour.
2, the computer control first gyroaxis casing along the X axle move, horizontal sliding table moves along the Y axle, toolbox moves along the Z axle, opens the beginning position with what cutter moved quickly into Gear Processing, cutter will be opened cooling fluid by given speed revolution like wet being essential.
3, under programme-control, the first linear drives axle, the second linear drives axle, the 3rd linear drives axle, cutter spindle, work spindle five-axle linkage make generating motion that cutter and workpiece to be machined do engagement to process the flank of tooth.
4, after a teeth groove processes; Toolbox rises along Z-direction workpiece to be machined and cutter is disengaged; Work spindle rotation makes the original position of gear compound graduation to the second gear teeth processing, then X, Y, Z, B each under the principle that does not interfere, return to the original position of Gear Processing fast.
5, second teeth groove of processing so moves in circles, up to machining all gear teeth.
6, each all gets back to the home position, and (cleaning door is opened the back) staff takes off the gear that processes and changes gear to be processed.
7 if numerically controlled tooth grinding machine also will utilize dresser to come trimming wheel in readiness time or process.
Lathe of the present invention is compared with existing lathe, has following advantage:
1, the first gyroaxis panoramic table can adopt precision rotating platform type of drive commonly used such as torque motor or gear drive, crank linkage driving system, Worm and worm-wheel gearing to drive;
2, first gyroaxis through the rotation ± 90 ° realize spiral bevel gear about revolve processing, the method has shortened the stroke of X axle greatly.
3, column is fixed, has guaranteed the high rigidity of lathe.
4, lathe is left and right when revolving spiral bevel gear in processing; Its processing stand no longer is distributed in the upper-lower position of workpiece; But be distributed in the position, the left and right sides of workpiece; Making the processing stand of lathe remain very low position in short transverse like this, and this position good rigidly, be prone to chip removal, be prone to observe, is the optimum processing stand of lathe.
5, Machine Tool design is a vertical structure, and Z axle stroke, X axle stroke are quite short, and this also makes machine tool structure compact, and floor space is little.
6, owing to move before the X axis, operating personnel and workpiece can be realized 0 distance loading and unloading during workpiece loading and unloading, and be very convenient.
7, the lathe total arrangement adopts vertical structure, and the loading and unloading of workpiece and cutter are very convenient, and workpiece is convenient to realize the manipulator automatic loading and unloading;
8, equipment manufacturing cost reduction, stable performance, reliable; Drop in the machine tool chip removal groove between the smear metal of processing is straight, easily chip removal and easily in realizing doing cutting;
9, machine part is few, and processing performance is good, and floor space is little, and protection easily, and is handsome in appearance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of machine tool structure of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the front structure sketch map of first kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the back structural representation of first kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of second kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the 5th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the 6th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the 7th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the 8th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the 9th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the tenth kind of embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is made and to further specify.
Lathe of the present invention comprises the lathe that adopts end face mill teeth or teeth grinding method processing spiral bevel gear, curved tooth hypoid gear.
Referring to Fig. 2, a kind of hypoid generating machine of the present invention comprises lathe bed 1; Column 2, workpiece box 3, horizontal sliding table 9; Toolbox 6; Column 2 is sat and is contained on the said lathe bed 1, on column 2, is provided with a downward opening U-shaped groove, the width of U-shaped groove, highly, thickness direction is defined as Y axle, Z axle, the X-direction of space Descartes's rectangular coordinate system successively; It is parallel with X-direction and can be around the rotating first linear drives axle 16 of self axis in the U-shaped groove, to be provided with axis; The first gyroaxis casing, 19, the first linear drives axles 16 are installed on the first linear drives axle 16 drive the first gyroaxis casing 19 along the X-direction moving linearly; In the groove of U-lag, be provided with two first guiding rails 15 that axis direction is parallel with X-direction, first gathering sill that the said first gyroaxis casing 19 is provided with through its bottom surface contact realization along the location of the support of Z-direction and Y direction and the guiding of the said X-direction moving linearly in the first gyroaxis casing, 19 edges is provided with first guiding rail, 15 couplings; Be provided with slew gear in the first gyroaxis casing 19, slew gear drives first gyroaxis of being located in the said first gyroaxis casing 19 17 and rotates, and is provided with Worm and worm-wheel gearing in the slew gear; One end of first gyroaxis 17 is provided with said workpiece box 3; Said workpiece box 3 is provided with the work spindle of the axis normal of an axis and said first gyroaxis 17; One end of said work spindle is provided with the Workpiece carrier platform 4 that workpiece to be machined is installed, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of work spindle in being located at workpiece box 3; It is parallel with said Y direction and can be around the rotating second linear drives axle 11 of self axis on column 2, to be provided with axis; Horizontal sliding table 9 is installed on the second linear drives axle 11, and the second linear drives axle 11 drives horizontal sliding table 9 along the Y direction moving linearly; On column 2, be provided with axis direction second guiding rail 10 parallel with Y direction, the gathering sill that horizontal sliding table 9 is provided with through an one of which side contacts the support that realizes along Z-direction with second guiding rail, 10 couplings and locatees and provide the guiding of horizontal sliding table along the Y direction moving linearly; It is parallel with Z-direction and can be around rotating the 3rd linear drives axle 8 of self axis on horizontal sliding table 9, to be provided with axis; Toolbox 6 is installed on the 3rd linear drives axle 8, and the 3rd linear drives axle 8 drives toolbox 6 along the Z-direction moving linearly; On horizontal sliding table 9, be provided with axis direction three guiding rail 7 parallel with Z-direction, the gathering sill that toolbox 6 is provided with through one of which side contacts realization along the location of Y direction and the guiding of toolbox 6 along the Z-direction moving linearly is provided with the 3rd guiding rail 7 couplings; Toolbox 6 is provided with the cutter spindle 5 of the parallel axes of an axis and the 3rd linear drives axle 8, and an end of cutter spindle 5 is provided with the base of tool of mounting cutter, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of cutter spindle in being located at toolbox 6; Between the first gyroaxis casing 19 and workpiece box 3, be provided with static pressure supplemental support 13.
Referring to Fig. 4, the combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 is the U-shaped lathe bed, and column 2 is inverted U-shaped column, and the U-shaped lathe bed docks with inverted U-shaped column.Its structural advantages is: U-shaped lathe bed and inverted U-shaped column casting character are all good.
Referring to Fig. 5, the combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 is the U-shaped lathe bed, and column 2 is straight column, and the U-shaped lathe bed docks with straight column.Its structural advantages is: the good casting property of straight column and convenient processing.
Referring to Fig. 6, the combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 and column 2 integral body that permeates, forming through hole in the middle is polygonal hole.Its structural advantages is: because lathe bed 1 is cast in column 2, eliminated the processing and the connection of faying face when separating, and rigidity is improved.
Referring to Fig. 7; The combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 is the U-shaped lathe bed; Column 2 is to be made up of first column 23, second column 22 and crossbeam 21, and crossbeam 21 docks with the upper end of first column 23 and second column 22, and the U-shaped lathe bed docks with the lower end of first column 23, second column 22.Its structural advantages is: the good casting property and the convenient processing of first column 23, second column 22, crossbeam 21.
Referring to Fig. 8; The combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 is the level bed body; Column 2 is to be made up of first column 23, second column 22 and crossbeam 21, and crossbeam 21 docks with the upper end of first column 23 and second column 22, and the level bed body docks with the lower end of first column 23, second column 22.Its structural advantages is: the good casting property and the convenient processing of level bed body, first column 23, second column 22, crossbeam 21.
Referring to Fig. 9, the combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 is the level bed body, and column 2 is inverted U-shaped column, and the level bed body docks with inverted U-shaped column.Its structural advantages is: the good casting property of level bed body and convenient processing.
Referring to Figure 10; The combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 is the U-shaped lathe bed, and column 2 is inverted U-shaped column, and the U-shaped lathe bed docks with inverted U-shaped column; Lathe bed 1 has big fillet or chamfering with column 2 in the middle vacancy that the first linear drives axle 16 passes, and big chamfering can strengthen the rigidity of lathe.
Referring to Figure 11, the combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 is the U-shaped lathe bed, and column 2 is inverted U-shaped column, and the U-shaped lathe bed docks with inverted U-shaped column, and first guiding rail 15 that supports the first gyroaxis casing 19 is installed on the column 2.
Referring to Figure 12, the combining form of lathe bed 1 and column 2 is: lathe bed 1 and column 2 integral body that permeates, forming described through hole in the middle is circular hole.Because lathe bed 1 is cast in column 2, the processing and the connection of faying face when having eliminated separately, and rigidity is improved, and good processability is arranged.
Claims (10)
1. a gear cutting machine comprises lathe bed (1), column (2), workpiece box (3), horizontal sliding table (9), toolbox (6), the width of said lathe bed and column, highly, thickness direction is defined as Y axle, Z axle, the X-direction of space Descartes's rectangular coordinate system successively; Comprise the first linear drives axle (16) that at least one axis is parallel with said X-direction; The first gyroaxis casing (19) is installed on the said first linear drives axle, and the said first linear drives axle drives the said first gyroaxis casing along said X-direction moving linearly; Comprise the second linear drives axle (11) that at least one axis is parallel with said Y direction, said horizontal sliding table (9) is installed on the said second linear drives axle, and the said second linear drives axle drives said horizontal sliding table along said Y direction moving linearly; On said horizontal sliding table, be provided with at least one axis three linear drives axle parallel with said Z-direction; Said toolbox is installed on said the 3rd linear drives axle; Said the 3rd linear drives axle drives said toolbox along said Z-direction moving linearly; It is characterized in that: described lathe bed (1) adopts multiple combining form to be combined in the center with described column (2) and forms a through hole parallel with described X-direction, and described first linear drives axle (16) and the described first gyroaxis casing (19) are arranged in the described through hole.
2. gear cutting machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the combining form of described lathe bed (1) and described column (2) is: described lathe bed (1) is the U-shaped lathe bed; Described column (2) is inverted U-shaped column, and described U-shaped lathe bed docks with described inverted U-shaped column.
3. gear cutting machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the combining form of described lathe bed (1) and described column (2) is: described lathe bed (1) is the U-shaped lathe bed; Described column (2) is straight column, and described U-shaped lathe bed docks with described straight column.
4. gear cutting machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the combining form of described lathe bed 1 and described column (2) is: described lathe bed (1) and described column (2) integral body that permeates, forming described through hole in the middle is polygonal hole.
5. gear cutting machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the combining form of described lathe bed (1) and described column (2) is: described lathe bed (1) is the U-shaped lathe bed; Described column (2) is to be made up of first column (23), second column (22) and crossbeam (21); Described crossbeam (21) docks with the upper end of described first column (23) and second column (22), and described U-shaped lathe bed docks with the lower end of described first column (23), second column (22).
6. gear cutting machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the combining form of described lathe bed (1) and described column (2) is: described lathe bed (1) is the level bed body; Described column (2) is to be made up of first column (23), second column (22) and crossbeam (21); Described crossbeam (21) docks with the upper end of described first column (23) and second column (22), and described level bed body docks with the lower end of described first column (23), second column (22).
7. gear cutting machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the combining form of described lathe bed (1) and described column (2) is: described lathe bed (1) is the level bed body; Described column (2) is inverted U-shaped column, and described level bed body docks with described inverted U-shaped column.
8. gear cutting machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described through hole has big fillet or chamfering in the middle vacancy that the described first linear drives axle (16) passes.
9. gear cutting machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: first guiding rail (15) that supports the described first gyroaxis casing (19) is installed in top, below or the left and right sides of described through hole.
10. gear cutting machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the combining form of described lathe bed (1) and described column (2) is: described lathe bed (1) and described column (2) integral body that permeates, forming described through hole in the middle is circular hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012101403710A CN102672280A (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2012-05-08 | Gear cutting machine tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101403710A CN102672280A (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2012-05-08 | Gear cutting machine tool |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104209814A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-17 | 佛山市普拉迪数控科技有限公司 | Five-axis linkage processing center |
| WO2021253657A1 (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Numerical control spiral bevel gear milling machine |
| WO2022021577A1 (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-03 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Numerical control gear machining machine tool |
| WO2022036797A1 (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-02-24 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Numerical control machine tool |
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| CN102248227A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-11-23 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Machine tool for machining spiral bevel gear |
| CN202571495U (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-12-05 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Gear cutting machine |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |