CN102245409B - 用于车辆的车桥 - Google Patents

用于车辆的车桥 Download PDF

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CN102245409B
CN102245409B CN200980150507.2A CN200980150507A CN102245409B CN 102245409 B CN102245409 B CN 102245409B CN 200980150507 A CN200980150507 A CN 200980150507A CN 102245409 B CN102245409 B CN 102245409B
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vehicle
wheel
leaf spring
bearing
control arm
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CN102245409A (zh
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斯特凡·波尔迈尔
加布里埃莱·弗鲁曼
福尔克尔·瓦格纳
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/02—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm
    • B60G3/04—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
    • B60G3/10—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle the arm itself being resilient, e.g. leaf spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/08—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only arranged substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
    • B60G3/28—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram at least one of the arms itself being resilient, e.g. leaf spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/001—Suspension arms, e.g. constructional features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
    • B60G2200/141—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with one trailing arm and one lateral arm only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
    • B60G2200/142—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type
    • B60G2200/1422—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type the lateral arm being resilient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/46—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions camber angle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/11—Leaf spring
    • B60G2202/114—Leaf spring transversally arranged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/121—Mounting of leaf springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
    • B60G2204/143—Mounting of suspension arms on the vehicle body or chassis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
    • B60G2204/148—Mounting of suspension arms on the unsprung part of the vehicle, e.g. wheel knuckle or rigid axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/80—Interactive suspensions; arrangement affecting more than one suspension unit
    • B60G2204/82—Interactive suspensions; arrangement affecting more than one suspension unit left and right unit on same axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/80—Interactive suspensions; arrangement affecting more than one suspension unit
    • B60G2204/83—Type of interconnection
    • B60G2204/8302—Mechanical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/011—Modular constructions
    • B60G2206/0114—Independent suspensions on subframes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10—Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/15—Constructional features of arms the arm being resilient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
    • B60G2206/71—Light weight materials
    • B60G2206/7101—Fiber-reinforced plastics [FRP]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

提出一种用于车辆的车桥，该车桥至少包括通过两个第一轴承(4)直接地或通过副车架固着在车辆车身(9)上的横向板簧(1)、两个控制臂(2)和两个车轮托架(3)。按照本发明，横向板簧(1)的朝向车辆车轮的端部分别与控制臂(2)中的一个刚性连接，其中，该控制臂(2)基本上在车辆纵向上取向，并且分别通过第二轴承(7)直接地或通过副车架与车身(9)连接，并且分别通过至少一个第三轴承(5、6)与车轮托架(3)中的一个连接。

Description

用于车辆的车桥
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆的车桥。
背景技术
DE10221993B4公知一种用于非转向的车辆车轮的车轮悬架，该车轮悬架具有铰接在车身上或副车架上的、抗扭曲结构的下方横臂，以及两个单个控制臂，在该横臂上通过两个轴承座铰接有车轮托架，所述单个控制臂在此同样铰接在车身上和车轮托架上，其中，在下方横臂和车轮托架之间的轴承座构造为在横向上柔性的。在这种情况下，轴承座通过两个嵌套的轴承形成，在这些轴承中与横臂共同作用的轴承是扭转轴承，并且与车轮托架共同作用的轴承是推力压力轴承，其中，所述推力压力轴承在横向上可加载推力并且在竖直方向上可加载压力。
另外，由WO96/27507公知一种用于带有两个车轮的车辆车桥的车轮悬架，该车轮悬架具有带有两点式支承的横向板簧，并且具有各一个车轮托架，在该车轮托架上设置有一体式的、连续的并且引导车轮的复合材料横向板簧，该复合材料横向板簧由利用大部分为纵向的工程无尽纤维来增强的合成材料构成。在该公知的车轮悬架中，两点支承在横向上具有高刚度；复合材料横向板簧在行驶方向上具有弹簧比率并且在竖直方向上具有弹簧比率，其中，这两个弹簧比率彼此之间的比例至少为15并且板簧在铰接中直接地且铰接地与车轮托架连接。在这种情况下，设置有纵向力和横向力支撑的车轮引导元件，该车轮引导元件铰接地连接车轮托架与底盘，从而可以利用横向板簧和车轮引导元件承受所有车轮力。
发明内容
本发明基于以下任务，即，提出一种用于车辆的车桥，该车桥具有高的功能整合性；此外，按照本发明的车桥与由现有技术公知的车桥相比应该更轻。由此应一方面节省成本并且另一方面在运动学上产生积极影响。
该任务通过下面描述的特征来解决。其它按照本发明的设计方案和优点还将进一步进行描述。
相应地提出一种用于车辆的车桥，该车桥至少包括横向板簧以及两个控制臂和两个车轮托架，该横向板簧优选实施为纤维复合件的。按照本发明，横向板簧通过两个第一轴承直接地或通过副车架固着在车辆车身上，其中，横向板簧的朝向车辆车轮的端部分别与控制臂中的一个刚性连接，该控制臂基本上在车辆的纵向上取向。在这种情况下，控制臂通过各一个第二轴承直接地或通过副车架与车身连接，并且分别通过至少一个第三轴承与车轮托架中的一个连接。由此，控制臂与横向板簧在车轮侧的端部共同形成车轮引导元件，该车轮引导元件承担传统的梯形臂的功能。
根据有利的方式，通过由端部上的控制臂的刚性连接以及由在车辆车身上的固着获得的所形成的横向板簧的四点式承载既实现了上下缓冲也实现了摇摆缓冲，这引起如下，即，可以取消由现有技术公知的车身弹簧以及横向稳定器。
根据本发明，设置有与各个车轮托架连接的外倾控制臂（Sturzlenker），该外倾控制臂直接地或通过副车架与车身连接。
如已阐释的那样，这些车桥组件既可以直接地与车辆车身连接，又可以通过副车架与车辆车身连接，其中，车桥组件通过副车架的固着实现了车桥的预装配。与通常的钢结构相比，将横向板簧实施为纤维复合件明显地实现了重量优势和高弹性。优选玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳纶纤维作为纤维材料。
在优选的实施方式中，按照本发明的车桥形成为非转向的车辆后桥。
附图说明
下面，借助附图来示例性地进一步阐释本发明。其中：
图1示出按照本发明的车桥的车轮悬架的示意性的俯视图，
图2示出按照本发明的车桥的车轮悬架的示意性的正视图；
图3示出从内部观察时按照本发明的车桥的车轮悬架的示意性的侧视图；
图4示出在均匀压缩的情况下由图2所示的车轮悬架的示意性的正视图；
图5示出在不均匀压缩的情况下由图2所示的车轮悬架的示意性的正视图。
具体实施方式
在图1、图2、图3、图4和图5中示出车辆的按照本发明实施的车桥。该车桥包括横向板簧1，该横向板簧通过两个第一轴承4直接或通过副车架固着在车身上9。在此，尤其优选地将第一轴承4实施成橡胶金属轴承，以便保证横向板簧1相对于车身9的高运动性。
如由图1、图2、图3、图4和图5可见的那样，横向板簧1的朝向每个车轮10的端部上刚性地连接有各一个控制臂2，其中，控制臂2基本上在车辆的纵向11上取向；在图1中通过箭头简示车辆的前进方向。
根据图1，控制臂2通过各一个第二轴承直接或通过副车架与车身9连接，并且通过各两个第三轴承5、6与相应的车轮托架3连接，从而使得与横向板簧1的车轮侧的端部一起形成车轮引导元件，该车轮引导元件承担传统的梯形臂的功能。
尤其如图2可知那样，每个车轮托架3都配有与其连接的外倾控制臂8，该外倾控制臂直接地或通过副车架与车身9连接。
横向板簧1的通过第一轴承4和与控制臂2的刚性连接而获得的四点式承载实现了有效的上下缓冲和摇摆缓冲，从而能以有利的方式取消由现有技术公知的车身弹簧以及横向稳定器。这通过图4和图5进行说明，图4和图5与图2相应地以正视图示出车桥，然而这两幅正视图示出的是均匀或不均匀的压缩。
在图4中车轮10均匀地压缩，例如，在车辆行驶到横向于行驶方向分布的路面凹凸部上时，横向板簧1由此弹性地张紧形成U形。在此，该横向板簧1通过第一轴承4将车身9压回到图2所示的静止姿态中并且由此承担上下缓冲的任务。在图5中与此相反的是，例如在曲线行驶时，车身9被压向侧向，由此只有与车身9相关的车轮10中的一个被压缩。在此，横向板簧1弹性张紧地形成S形，并且同样通过第一轴承4将车身9压回到静止姿态中，其中，该横向板簧承担横向稳定器的作用。
在本发明的其它设计方案中，控制臂2同样是尤其提供重量优势的纤维复合件。
附图标记列表
1   横向板簧
2   控制臂
3   车轮托架
4   第一轴承
5   第三轴承
6   第三轴承
7   第二轴承
8   外倾控制臂
9   车身
10  车轮
11  纵向

Claims (4)

1.用于车辆的车桥，所述车桥至少包括通过两个第一轴承（4）直接地或通过副车架固着在所述车辆的车身（9）上的横向板簧（1）、两个控制臂（2）以及两个车轮托架（3），其特征在于，所述横向板簧（1）的朝向所述车辆的车轮（10）的端部分别与所述控制臂（2）中的一个刚性连接，其中，所述控制臂（2）基本上在所述车辆的纵向方向上取向并且分别通过第二轴承（7）直接地或通过副车架与所述车身（9）连接，并且分别通过至少一个第三轴承（5、6）与所述车轮托架（3）中的一个连接，其中，每一个车轮托架（3）配有与该车轮托架连接的外倾控制臂（8），所述外倾控制臂直接地或通过副车架与所述车身（9）连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的车桥，其特征在于，所述横向板簧（1）实施为纤维复合件。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的车桥，其特征在于，所述第一轴承（4）实施为橡胶金属轴承。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的车桥，其特征在于，所述控制臂（2）实施为纤维复合件。
CN200980150507.2A 2008-12-15 2009-12-09 用于车辆的车桥 Expired - Fee Related CN102245409B (zh)

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DE102008054669A DE102008054669A1 (de) 2008-12-15 2008-12-15 Achse für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102008054669.0 2008-12-15
PCT/EP2009/066660 WO2010072563A1 (de) 2008-12-15 2009-12-09 Achse für ein kraftfahrzeug

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EP (1) EP2365913B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5688029B2 (zh)
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JP2012512095A (ja) 2012-05-31
EP2365913B1 (de) 2013-01-23
CN102245409A (zh) 2011-11-16
WO2010072563A1 (de) 2010-07-01
JP5688029B2 (ja) 2015-03-25
US20110260424A1 (en) 2011-10-27
KR20150082651A (ko) 2015-07-15
KR20110110114A (ko) 2011-10-06
EP2365913A1 (de) 2011-09-21
US8556282B2 (en) 2013-10-15

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