CN102203800B - 包含光学滤波器的标记阅读终端 - Google Patents

包含光学滤波器的标记阅读终端 Download PDF

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CN102203800B
CN102203800B CN201080002497.0A CN201080002497A CN102203800B CN 102203800 B CN102203800 B CN 102203800B CN 201080002497 A CN201080002497 A CN 201080002497A CN 102203800 B CN102203800 B CN 102203800B
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light
wavelength
optical filter
filter
decodable code
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CN102203800A (zh
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R.卢
X.朱
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Metrologic Instruments Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/12—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation using a selected wavelength, e.g. to sense red marks and ignore blue marks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046—Constructional details
    • G06K19/0614—Constructional details the marking being selective to wavelength, e.g. color barcode or barcodes only visible under UV or IR
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10712—Fixed beam scanning
    • G06K7/10722—Photodetector array or CCD scanning
    • G06K7/10732—Light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10821—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices
    • G06K7/10831—Arrangement of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors, prisms

Abstract

本发明的实施例包括操作时配置成解码可见和不可见可解码标记的标记阅读终端。该终端可包括激发照明模块，用于用波长选择成以便允许可解码标记发射光的光照明可解码标记。该终端还可包括具有光学滤波器的滤波器模块，该光学滤波器具有滤波器区域，被配置成通过某些波长的光。该终端还可包括具有图像传感器的图像传感器模块，该图像传感器被定位成以便从滤波器区域接收从可解码标记发射的光。

Description

包含光学滤波器的标记阅读终端
技术领域
本发明涉及标记阅读终端，并且更具体地说，涉及操作时被配置成解码印刷有响应可见和不可见(例如紫外(UV))光的材料的可解码标记的标记阅读终端。
背景技术
标记阅读终端可用在多种种类中。这些种类中众所周知的是通常在零售店收银台可看到的枪型终端。其它终端也是可用的，它们提供增强功能，具有键盘和显示器，并且包含先进连网通信能力。许多标记阅读终端还具有用于激活解码尝试的触发器。
通常，标记阅读终端实现为解码容易可见的可解码标记。然而，安全性和类似预防协议的进步倾向于利用只在存在不可见光诸如UV光时可见的可解码标记。这些不可见标记经常印刷有诸如墨的材料，使得对于裸眼，标记不显现为存在于文档、包装或装置上。
用于解码不可见标记的已知装置包括发射UV照明的UV荧光照明装置。短波长二极管例如已经用于发射接近光谱的UV区域的深蓝光，并可用于产生与不可见标记兼容的照明。然而，这些装置在它们的应用中有点受限制，因为尽管它们可照明不可见标记，但是标记的实际解码对装置与照明的不可见标记之间的位置、方位以及其它物理对齐特别敏感。
因此存在对于可解码可见和不可见可解码标记的标记阅读终端的需要，并且在一个示例中，存在对于这样的终端的需要，该终端可解码这些类型标记而无需大大降低该终端的视场深度。
发明内容
下面描述了能够操作来解码可见和不可见可解码标记的标记阅读终端的实施例。一些实施例包括激发照明模块、滤波器模块和图像传感器模块，这些模块全都被配置成允许标记阅读终端在比在上面背景技术中讨论的那些装置的距离大的距离处解码不可见可解码标记。
下面更详细地讨论本发明的一些概念和特征，其中：
在一个实施例中，提供了一种用于成像包括印刷材料的可解码标记的标记成像单元。标记成像单元可包括包含用于将光投在可解码标记上的照明源的激发照明模块。标记成像单元还可包括响应从可解码标记发射的光的图像传感器模块和在图像传感器模块之前接收反射光的滤波器模块。滤波器模块可包括具有匹配所发射光的发射波长的通带的至少一个光学滤波器。在一个示例中，照明源操作时被配置成提供处于使印刷材料发射处于对人眼可见的发射波长的光的波长的光。
在另一个实施例中，提供一种用于成像包括响应于不可见光谱中的光可见的印刷材料的可解码标记的标记阅读终端。所述终端可包括：照明源，用于将光投在可解码标记上，所述光具有在不可见光谱中的波长，所述波长使从印刷材料发射的光具有可见光谱中的发射波长。所述终端还包括：光学滤波器，接收发射的光，所述光学滤波器可包括具有匹配发射波长的通带的滤波器区域。所述终端还可包括：图像传感器，以允许解码可解码标记的方式响应发射波长，所述图像传感器可包括包含单色像素第一子集和彩色像素第二子集中一个或多个的多个像素。所述终端还可包括：手持式外壳，与照明源、图像传感器和光学滤波器中的一个或多个有包围关系。在一个示例中，图像传感器定义在其上对齐光学滤波器的滤波器区域的光轴，其中所述手持式终端操作来通过操作员按下的触发器进行人工激活。在另一个示例中，触发器引起解码可解码标记的至少一次尝试。在又一个示例中，手持式终端操作来基于解码可解码标记的所述尝试指定光学滤波器的通带和照明源所生成的光的波长中的一个或多个。
在又一个实施例中，提供一种用于解码包括响应于不可见光谱中的光可见的印刷材料的可解码标记的方法。所述方法可包括在光轴上对齐图像传感器和光学滤波器的步骤，光学滤波器包括具有用于使印刷材料所发射的光的发射波长通过的通带的至少一个滤波器区域。所述方法还可包括从照明源生成光的步骤，所述光具有在不可见光谱中的波长。所述方法还可包括通过将用于照明可解码标记的光的波长和光学滤波器的通带中的每个与成功解码可解码标记相关来设置所述波长和所述通带中的一个或多个的步骤。
附图说明
为了能够详细理解本发明上面阐述的特征的方式，可以参考实施例来更具体描述上面简要概述的本发明，其中一些实施例在附图中图解。然而，要注意的是，附图仅图解了本发明的典型实施例，并且因此不视为限制本发明的范围，本发明可容许其它同样有效的实施例。此外，附图不一定按比例绘制，重点一般放在图解本发明某些实施例的原理上。
由此，为了进一步理解本发明的概念，可参考如下结合附图阅读的详细说明，附图中：
图1是图解标记阅读终端的实施例的功能框图；
图2是图解具有单色像素第一子集和彩色像素第二子集的示范混合单色和彩色图像传感器像素阵列的图；
图3是图解包括激发照明模块、滤波器模块和成像模块的示范功能标记成像单元的图；
图4是供使用的成像模块的示例的透视分解组件视图，并且包括功能标记成像单元，诸如图3的功能标记成像单元；
图5是供使用的成像模块诸如图4的成像模块的另一示例的透视组装视图，并且包括功能标记成像单元，诸如图3和4的功能成像单元；
图6是包含成像模块诸如图4和5的成像模块的标记阅读终端的透视图；以及
图7是用于在标记阅读终端诸如图6的标记阅读终端中实现的示范硬件平台的框图。
具体实施方式
根据其主要方面，并且概括地说，本发明包括诸如通过使这种终端适合于照明、成像和解码印刷有例如紫外线荧光墨的可解码标记来改进标记阅读终端性能的概念。例如在下面的讨论中提供了包括用于照明标记的激发照明模块、用于滤波从标记反射的光的滤波器模块和用于从滤波器模块接收光的图像传感器模块的标记阅读终端的实施例。这些模块可合并到图像模块中，如在下面图4和5的示范图像模块中所看到的。这个配置以及作为功能标记成像单元的模块的组合是有利的，因为发明人已经发现，作为标记阅读终端的一部分实现这些概念使终端适合于稳健解码“不可见”可解码标记，无需大大降级终端的其它操作特性，例如视场深度和焦距。此外，除了保持这些操作特性，同时扩大应用范围，这种终端能有效地改进从不可见标记捕获的图像质量，并且在一个示例中，在终端所生成的图像的清晰度或“快照”方面看到改进。本文所用的术语“不可见”一般是指识别当借助某种发射照明时用人眼可看到的可解码标记，通过下面的公开讨论它们的细节。
为了图解这些概念中的一些，可能必须参考在图1的功能框图中图解的标记阅读终端100。在此看到，标记阅读终端100可包括具有激发照明模块104、滤波器模块106和图像传感器模块108的标记成像单元102。下面诸如例如将结合在图4-7中所示的图像模块和终端的各种实施例来更详细讨论标记阅读终端100的其它部件。然而，在得到那些更详细示例之前，下面将立即描述标记成像单元102中的模块的一些特征、功能和方面。
例如，上面简要提到，激发照明模块104可用于将照明投在可解码标记上。这个照明可源自生成光的激发照明光源，当本文使用术语“光”时其是指可见和不可见光谱中的那些电磁波长。这些电磁波长的示例可包含UV光、红外(IR)光、其它不可见光以及基于用于产生可解码标记的印刷材料的属性选择的其它光。这些印刷材料可包括墨，诸如虽然对人眼不可见但是当由激发照明光源激发时发射光的墨。这些墨一般是众所周知的，并且标记阅读领域的技术人员将能够容易地理解用于印刷可解码标记的印刷材料的属性。
来自与印刷材料兼容的激发照明光源的光可以从包括一个或多个发光二极管(LED)的光源发出。这些LED可包括单个颜色的LED(例如UV LED)，或者它们可包括不同颜色的LED，来自其的光可组合成使得能够控制和改变由光源发射的全部颜色。在其它实施例中，在下面更详细描述其中一些示例，激发照明光源操作时被配置成生成激光，诸如可用LED和/或激光二极管实现的。
发明人已经发现，尽管来自传统技术诸如“黑光”技术(利用UV光)的光可用于照明某些类型的印刷材料，但是这种照明一般不允许标记阅读终端100生成实质上更大视场深度上对应可解码标记的一贯好的解码。实际上，使用UV光、IR光和类似波长和/或频率的光照明可解码标记能限制终端的操作特性，因为终端有时不得不放置非常靠近可解码标记。也就是说，在一个示例中，虽然一般实现UV光和UV型光的终端当与可解码标记接触时只能解码印刷有不可见印刷材料的可解码标记，但是诸如本发明的标记阅读终端100的终端可在远离终端大于20cm的距离解码这些相同的(或类似的)可解码标记。
帮助克服这个缺陷的本发明的一个方面是标记阅读终端100合并滤波器模块106。滤波器模块106可提供在具有用匹配印刷材料所发射的光的发射波长的某些通带构造的光学滤波器的标记阅读终端100的一些实施例中。虽然这些通带可配置成通过具有宽范围波长的光，但是要想到，标记阅读终端100的某些实施例中的光学滤波器将包括允许印刷材料所发射的光例如通过图像传感器模块108但有效地阻止可见和不可见范围内的所有其它波长的通带。通过非限制性示例，滤波器模块106的光学滤波器可置于可解码标记与图像传感器模块108之间，使得由可解码标记发射(或反射)的光在它到达图像传感器模块108之前必须通过光学滤波器。这种定位当与基于可解码标记的特定光源和/或印刷材料的光学滤波器的构造组合时可允许标记阅读终端100解码可解码标记。这个特征是有利的，因为它允许标记阅读终端100定位成与可解码标记隔开关系，而没有降级其实现可解码标记的一贯好解码的能力。
继续图1的讨论，并且现在还参考图2，图像传感器模块108(图1)可包括图像传感器和光学组件，其操作时配置成将光聚焦在图像传感器上。图像传感器可包括彩色或单色1D或2D电荷耦合器件(CCD)、半导体器件(例如CMOS、NMOS和PMOS)和具有用于捕获和处理图像数据诸如可解码标记的图像数据的属性和特性的其它固态图像传感器。图2中图解了用作图像传感器模块108中图像传感器的类型的图像传感器的示例。图2中提供了成像终端(例如标记阅读终端100(图1))的混合单色和彩色图像传感器像素阵列200。彩色图像传感器像素阵列200可包含布置在多行像素中的像素，并可包含没有彩色滤波器元件的单色像素202的第一子集和包含彩色滤波器元件的彩色像素204的第二子集。这种彩色敏感像素可置于与彩色图像传感器像素阵列200隔开的位置，并且可遍及彩色图像传感器像素阵列200均匀或基本上均匀地置于适当的位置。
在一个实施例中，图像传感器阵列的隔开的彩色像素尽管隔开了但可遵循根据拜耳模式的模式。例如，其中红色=R，绿色=G并且蓝色=B，行206中示出的彩色像素可具有模式…GRGRGRG…，这种模式可对于行208和210重复。行212的像素可具有模式...BGBGBGB...，这种模式可对于行214重复。参考行206、212、210、214、208描述的模式可遍及彩色图像传感器像素阵列200重复。可替换地，根据本发明的概念可使用彩色像素的不同模式。使用具有彩色和单色像素的彩色图像传感器像素阵列200捕获的图像数据的彩色帧可包含单色像素图像数据和彩色像素图像数据。图像传感器模块108(图1)的图像传感器可封装在图2中所示的图像传感器集成电路中。在2005年6月30日提交的题为“Digital Picture Taking Optical Reader Having Hybrid Monochrome And Color Image Sensor Array”的美国专利申请No. 11/174,447中公开了可与标记阅读终端100(图1)一起使用的各种附加特征，该申请通过参考结合于本文中。
图像传感器阵列的大部分像素可以是第一子集的单色像素。第二子集的彩色敏感像素处于隔开的位置，并可均匀地或基本上均匀地被分布遍及图像传感器阵列。彩色敏感像素可以被以均匀分布的特定模式分布在阵列中，诸如周期P=4，其中对于阵列的每隔三行像素，每隔三个像素是彩色敏感像素，如图2所示出的。可替换地，可以使用其它分布，诸如周期P=2，其中图像传感器阵列的每隔一行的每隔一个像素是彩色敏感像素。
参考回图1，并继续更详细讨论标记成像单元102的某些其它概念和部件，激发照明模块104的激发照明光源可包括多个光源(未示出)。这些光源中的一些可用于提供相对于可解码标记优化标记成像单元102的位置的瞄准模式。为了便于图像获取，照明源可利用瞄准模式生成装置，该装置可在操作时配置成投射具有有助于优化图像引擎与目标上可解码标记之间的空间关系的用户可见对齐指示符形式的瞄准模式。例如，使用一个或多个发光器件(例如LED)，下面立即提供它们的示例，结合适当的或期望的瞄准模式生成装置，用户可看到诸如投射在承载可解码标记的目标上的十字线、角架、一个或多个点、线或这些的组合的模式。这些模式可向用户提供可见反馈以帮助将标记成像单元102和目标标记相对于彼此放在可接受的阅读位置。
尽管可以使用各种技术，但是在一个示例中，可由一个或多个LED提供光源。这些LED可定位成使得LED所生成的光相对于标记成像单元102、标记阅读终端100和/或例如衬底诸如都适合于使LED附于其上的印刷电路板或半导体器件的其它（一个或多个）表面指向优选方位(例如基本上垂直)。一般可以诸如在光学板(例如光学板420(图4))中提供开口或孔径以便允许光束退出标记成像单元102。这个孔径可定大小、定形和配置成诸如狭缝、环形特征、方形、矩形和多孔形式，它们都可影响在目标上生成的瞄准模式的形状。
现在讨论激发照明模块104和/或激发照明光源的一些附加特征，预期诸如用作一个或多个光源的LED的器件操作时配置成提供目标的基本上均匀的照明。在获取照明的情况下，向目标诸如目标上的条形码标记投射照明光源，并且从目标得到的散射光通过标记成像单元102的光学部件，诸如例如相对于图像传感器模块108定位的光学部件和光学层。光可打在图像传感器模块108的响应部分上。虽然成像对人眼可见的图像可解码标记的常规数据收集装置采用可见光，并且主要是白色、红色、蓝色和/或绿色用于定目标和图像获取照明，但是这不是必要的。也就是说，根据使用环境和整个模块能力，也可以使用光谱的其它波长或部分。
还要注意，周围的和标记阅读终端100所生成的是标记阅读终端100和标记成像单元102的性能中的重要因素。关于标记阅读终端100所生成的光，产生它所需的光量和功率量是在如下方面的因素：究竟是否可获取图像(例如在低光和/或长距离条件下)；获取图像所需的时间(例如，较高的照明可提高对比度级别，减少识别和/或获取图像所需的时间，或相反可产生耀眼或镜子般的反射，损害图像检测和获取)；所获取的图像的质量；是否必须或期望交替或组合使用瞄准照明和获取照明源；以及在电池供电装置的情况下，平衡节能与性能。当阅读2D识读码时，当获取图像时通常关闭瞄准照明，以便确保在视野上的恒定照明。这也可改进节能。另一方面，当阅读1D条形码符号或一些2D条形码时，诸如低周围照明、比较大的距离和比较差的标记质量的条件可能偏好当激励获取照明时保持瞄准照明打开，将瞄准照明有效地变成获取照明的辅助形式，以便最大化到达目标标记的光。
来自一个或多个光源的均匀照明例如可包括对应于标记阅读终端100的视野的整个照明模式。在一个具体示例中，其中一个光源可配置成使得所提供的整个模式将视野的角落照明到目标区域最大亮度的至少大约50%的亮度。诸如通过使用微镜头随机化整个模式可减少“热点”的形成，热点是目标区域上恒定的较高辐射照明的聚集区域。同样，大致横切于例如由微镜头提供的光散射方向的方向的光的散射在典型模块中可使光相对于彼此发散到目标阅读距离（例如对于一般的识读码大约1英寸到15英寸)。此外，将认识到，一些光源所生成的光的散射模式基本上可使用各种透镜技术操纵，其可根据需要优化和修改以在目标上提供光覆盖。这些修改例如可实现为手持装置的一部分制造过程和/或一部分构造。
现在参考图3，图解了当它可能用于成像可解码标记302时的功能标记成像单元300的示范布置。在本示例中，看到功能标记成像单元300可包括激发照明模块304、滤波器模块306和具有定义光轴312的图像传感器310的图像传感器模块308。滤波器模块306在操作时定位成使得从可解码标记302反射的光在到达图像传感器310之前打在滤波器模块306。
滤波器模块306可包括具有多个滤波器区域316的光学滤波器314，每个滤波器区域可配置成允许某个波长(或波长范围)传到图像传感器模块308上。示范范围例如可包含与红色、绿色和橙色可见光一致的波长，或由通带波长的特定值诸如625nm、610nm和510nm所定义的，还有其它值。光学滤波器314可构造为例如由处理和/或制造以包含一个或多个滤波器区域316的塑料(例如丙烯酸)构成的单一结构。光学滤波器314的其它示例可用衬底318构造，衬底在其上沉积有某些类型的光学材料(例如光学涂层、光学膜、光学层)，它们特别被选择以便形成滤波器区域316。在本发明的其它实施例中，这些光学材料可被设置在图像传感器模块308上或作为其一部分构造，诸如其透镜组件(未示出)或其图像传感器310的一部分。在一个示例中，可通过将光学材料设置在结合图2的图像传感器讨论的像素阵列中发现的像素(和像素区域)上来实现这种配置。
在功能标记成像单元300的一个实现中，激励器(例如压电激励器)可用于移动光学滤波器314。这些激励器可平移、旋转、振动并且以其它方式作用于所有或部分光学滤波器314，以便将不同滤波器区域316置于适当位置以拦截从可解码标记302反射的光。例如，一个位置可将滤波器区域316的各个区域与光轴312对齐。此外，在终端(例如标记阅读终端100(图1))的操作期间，预期滤波器区域316的选择被精心安排（orchestrate），作为终端装置的解码过程的一部分。这个过程可包括用于使用激发照明模块304的照明设置和滤波器区域316之一尝试解码可解码标记302的步骤。如果该尝试失败，则过程还可包括用于改变一个或多个滤波器区域316和照明设置并尝试再次解码的步骤。当滤波器区域316和照明设置的成功组合允许终端装置成功解码可解码标记302时，该过程可结束。
上面提到，每一个模块和功能标记成像单元可共同地合并到供标记阅读终端使用的成像模块中。图4和5中图解了成像模块400的示例，并且下面更详细描述。在一个实施例中，成像模块400可包括包含透镜组件404和定义光轴408的图像传感器406的图像传感器模块402。图像传感器406与激发照明模块412一起设置在印刷电路板410上，激发照明模块可包括一个或多个照明模式光源组414和瞄准模式光源组416。两个模式光源组414、416在这个示例中都作为单个光源被提供。成像模块400还可包括可与光轴408对齐的至少一个滤波器模块418。成像模块400还可包含光学板420，该光学板可具有用于将来自照明模式光源组414和瞄准模式光源组416的光成形为预定模式的光学部件。
成像模块400可设置在标记阅读终端600中，图6中示出了该终端的示例。标记阅读终端600可包含支持具有指针控制器606、键盘608、触摸板610和触发器612的用户输入接口604的手持式外壳602。手持式外壳602还可支持具有显示器616的用户输出接口614。
下面立即大体讨论可用于用户输入接口604的装置的示范装置。这些中的每个都实现为手持式外壳602的一部分，并经常集成到手持式外壳602中，以便允许操作员输入一个或多个操作员发起的命令。这些命令可规定和/或激活标记阅读终端的某些功能。它们还可发起某些应用程序、驱动程序（driver）和其它可执行指令，以便使标记阅读终端1000操作在操作模式。
用于指针控制器606的装置一般配置成将操作员发起的命令翻译成由标记阅读终端600的操作系统的图形用户界面(GUI)提供的虚拟指针的运动。它可包含诸如指轮、滚动球和触摸垫等装置。在一些其它配置中，装置还可包含鼠标或经有线或无线通信技术连接到标记阅读终端600的其它辅助装置。
可使用一个或多个按钮提供键盘608的实现，这些按钮在手持式外壳602上呈现给操作员。触摸板610可补充或替代键盘608的按钮。例如，操作系统的其中一个GUI可配置成提供一个或多个虚拟图标以便显示在例如显示器616上，或作为标记阅读终端600上的另一个显示装置的一部分，或连接到标记阅读终端600。这种虚拟图标(例如按钮和滑动条)配置成使得操作员例如可通过用尖笔(未示出)或手指(未示出)按压或选择虚拟图标来选择它们。
虚拟图标还可用于实现触发器612。另一方面，可在手持式外壳602内或作为其一部分支持用作触发器612的其它装置。这些包括但不限于按钮、开关或可合并到标记阅读终端600的实施例中的相似类型的可活动硬件。这些可用于激活便携式数据终端的一个或多个装置，诸如下面讨论的条形码阅读器。
适合于用在标记阅读终端600上的类型的显示器一般配置成显示与标记阅读终端600的操作系统和/或软件(以及相关应用程序)相关联的图像、数据和GUI。显示器可包括但不限于LCD显示器、等离子显示器、LED显示器，还有许多其它显示器以及它们的组合。尽管标记阅读终端600的优选构造将包含以彩色显示数据(例如图像和文本)的装置，但选择用于显示器616的显示器也可以单色(例如黑和白)显示这个数据。可能还希望，显示器616配置成显示GUI，并且具体地说是显示器616可具有相关联的交互叠加如触摸屏叠加的标记阅读终端600的配置。这允许显示器616用作部分GUI，以便允许操作员例如通过用尖笔(未示出)或手指(未示出)按在显示器616上与虚拟图标、按钮和GUI的其它实现交互作用以发起操作员发起的命令。
手持式外壳602可构造成使得它具有可容纳上面提到并且在下面讨论的一些或所有硬件和装置的形状或“形状因子”。形状因子定义手持式外壳602的总体配置。可用于手持式外壳602的适当形状因子包括但不限于蜂窝电话、移动电话、个人数字助理(PDA)以及例如在操作员的手中作为枪型装置由操作员握着、拿着和托着的确定大小和成形的其它形状因子。在本图6中图解的标记阅读终端600的实施例中图解了一个示范形状因子。
参考图7的示意性框图图解和描述例如供标记阅读终端100、600使用的示范性硬件平台。在图7中，看到标记阅读终端700可包含包括具有布置在像素的行和列中的像素的多个像素图像传感器阵列704、列电路706和行电路708的图像传感器702。与图像传感器702相关联的可以是放大器电路710和将从多个像素图像传感器阵列704读出的模拟信号形式的图像信息转换成数字信号形式的图像信息的模数转换器712。图像传感器702还可具有相关联的定时和控制电路714，例如用于控制图像传感器702的曝光周期和/或施加到放大器710的增益。所提到的电路部件702、710、712和714可封装在公共图像传感器集成电路716中。在一个示例中，可由可从美光科技公司得到的MT10V022图像传感器集成电路提供图像传感器集成电路716。在另一个示例中，图像传感器集成电路716可合并拜耳模式滤波器。在这种实施例中，CPU 718在经过一帧以进一步处理之前可内插绿色像素值的中间像素值以便开发图像数据的单色帧。在其它实施例中，对于图像数据，可利用红色和/或蓝色像素值。
在操作标记阅读终端700的过程中，图像信号可从图像传感器702读出，被转换并存储在系统存储器诸如RAM 720中。标记阅读终端700的存储器722可包含RAM 720、非易失性存储器诸如EPROM 724和储存器存储装置726，诸如可由闪存或硬盘驱动存储器提供的。在一个实施例中，标记阅读终端700可包含可适合于读出存储在存储器722中的图像数据并将这种图像数据经过各种图像处理算法的CPU 718。标记阅读终端700可包含用于将从图像传感器702读出的已经经过转换的图像信息路由到RAM 720的直接存储器存取单元(DMA) 728。在另一个实施例中，标记阅读终端700可采用提供总线仲裁机制的系统总线(例如PCI总线)，由此取消对中央DMA控制器的需要。本领域技术人员将认识到，提供用于图像传感器702与RAM 720之间有效数据传送的系统总线体系结构和/或直接存储器存取部件的其它实施例在本发明的范围和精神内。
参考标记阅读终端700的其它方面，标记阅读终端700可包含用于将位于衬底736上的视野734内的可解码标记732的图像聚焦在图像传感器702上的成像透镜组件730。成像光射线可围绕光轴740发射。标记阅读终端700还可包含激发照明模块742，该模块包括用于生成基本上对应于标记阅读终端700的视野734的照明模式746的照明模式光源组744和用于在衬底736上生成瞄准模式750的瞄准模式光源组748的一个或多个。在使用中，标记阅读终端700可由操作员相对于承载可解码标记732的衬底736以瞄准模式750被投射在可解码标记732上的这种方式定向。在图7的示例中，可解码标记732由1D条形码符号提供。可解码标记也可由2D条形码符号或光学字符识别(OCR)字符提供。
标记阅读终端700还可包含包括一个或多个光学滤波器754的滤波器模块752，在一些实施例中还有一般耦合到滤波器模块752诸如耦合到光学滤波器754的激励器组件756。光学滤波器754可位于透镜组件730的任何一侧上。同样，一个或多个光学滤波器754可置于图像传感器702和/或透镜组件730的一个或多个表面上。
照明模式光源组744和瞄准模式光源组748中的每个都可包含一个或多个光源。可使用透镜组件控制电路758控制透镜组件730，并且可使用照明组件控制电路760控制包括照明模式光源组744和瞄准模式光源组748的激发照明模块742。可使用滤波器模块控制电路762控制滤波器模块752，滤波器模块控制电路762可耦合到激励器组件756。透镜组件控制电路758可向透镜组件730发送信号，例如用于改变透镜组件730的焦距和/或最佳聚焦距离。照明组件控制电路760可向照明模式光源组744发送信号，例如用于改变由照明模式光源组744输出的照明级别。
标记阅读终端700还可包含若干外围装置，诸如用于将这种信息显示为使用标记阅读终端700捕获的图像帧的显示器764、键盘766、指示装置768和可用于使活动信号用于激活帧读出和/或某些解码过程的触发器770。标记阅读终端700可适合使得激活触发器770激活了一个此类信号，并且发起可解码标记732的解码尝试。激活触发器770还可激活激励器组件756，方式为沿光轴740定位光学滤波器754的滤波器区域之一(例如滤波器区域316(图3))。触发器770的这个功能可与对来自激发照明模块742的照明的改变一致。
标记阅读终端700可包含用于将几个外围装置耦合到系统地址/数据总线(系统总线)772，用于与也耦合到系统总线772的CPU 718通信的各种接口电路。标记阅读终端700可包含用于将图像传感器定时和控制电路714耦合到系统总线772的接口电路774、用于将透镜组件控制电路758耦合到系统总线772的接口电路776、用于将照明组件控制电路760耦合到系统总线772的接口电路778、用于将显示器764耦合到系统总线772的接口电路780、用于将键盘766、指示装置768和触发器770耦合到系统总线772的接口电路782和用于将滤波器模块控制电路762耦合到系统总线772的接口电路784。
在另一方面，标记阅读终端700可包含用于提供与外部装置(例如现金出纳机服务器、商店服务器、库存设备服务器、标记阅读终端700、局域网基站、蜂窝基站)通信的一个或多个I/O接口786、788。I/O接口786、788可以是已知计算机接口例如以太网(IEEE 802.3)、USB、IEEE 802.11、蓝牙、CDMA和GSM的任何组合的接口。
预期本文阐述的数字值以及其它值由术语“大约”修改，无论是本公开明确阐述的还是内在导出的。如本文所用的，术语“大约”定义修改值的数值边界，以便包括但不限于容限和上限值，并且包含如此修改的数字值。也就是说，数字值可包含明确阐述的实际值以及是或者可以是小数、分数或本公开中指示和/或描述的实际值的其它倍数的其它值。
虽然已经参考某些示范性实施例具体示出和描述了本发明，但本领域的普通技术人员将理解，在不脱离可由所写说明书和附图支持的权利要求书所定义的本发明的精神和范围的前提下，可在本文进行各种详细改变。另外，在参考特定数量的元件描述了示范实施例的情况下，要理解，可利用少于或多于特定数量的元件来实施示范实施例。

Claims (19)

1.一种用于成像包括印刷材料的可解码标记的标记成像单元，所述标记成像单元包括：
激发照明模块，包括用于将光投在所述可解码标记上的照明源，其中所述照明源操作时配置成提供处于使印刷材料发射处于对人眼可见的发射波长的光的波长的光；
图像传感器模块，响应从所述可解码标记发射的光；以及
滤波器模块，在所述图像传感器模块之前接收反射的光，所述滤波器模块包括具有匹配所发射光的发射波长的通带的至少一个光学滤波器,
其中所述成像单元操作来基于解码所述可解码标记的一个或多个尝试指定所述光学滤波器的通带和所述照明源所生成的光的波长。
2.如权利要求1所述的标记成像单元，其中所述通带形成在所述光学滤波器的滤波器区域中，并且其中所述光学滤波器包括多个滤波器区域，每个滤波器区域操作时配置成使具有不同发射波长的发射光通过。
3.如权利要求1所述的标记成像单元，其中所述照明源操作时配置成提供处于多个波长的光，并且其中所选择的所述光学滤波器的所述通带的波长对应于由所述照明源提供的所述光的波长。
4.如权利要求1所述的标记成像单元，还包括光耦合到所述图像传感器模块的透镜组件，其中所述光学滤波器包括设置在所述透镜组件上的至少一个光学涂层，并且其中所述光学涂层使所发射光的所述发射波长通过。
5.如权利要求1所述的标记成像单元，其中所述光学滤波器阻止除了所述发射波长的所有其它波长。
6.如权利要求1所述的标记成像单元，其中所述图像传感器模块包括具有像素阵列的图像传感器，其中所述光学滤波器包括设置在一部分所述像素阵列上的至少一个光学涂层，并且其中所述光学涂层使所发射光的所述发射波长通过。
7.如权利要求6所述的标记成像单元，其中所述像素阵列包括具有单色像素第一子集和彩色像素第二子集中一个或多个的多个像素，并且其中所述彩色像素在所述像素阵列中的所述多个像素当中处于隔开的位置。
8.如权利要求1所述的标记成像单元，其中所述光学滤波器包括具有对于与红色光、绿色光和橙色光一致的波长的分开通带的衬底。
9.一种用于成像包括响应于不可见光谱中的光可见的印刷材料的可解码标记的标记阅读终端，所述终端包括：
照明源，用于将光投在所述可解码标记上，所述光具有在所述不可见光谱中的波长，所述波长使从所述印刷材料发射的光具有可见光谱中的发射波长；
光学滤波器，接收所发射的光，所述光学滤波器包括具有匹配所述发射波长的通带的滤波器区域；
图像传感器，以允许解码所述可解码标记的方式响应所述发射波长，所述图像传感器包括包含单色像素第一子集和彩色像素第二子集中一个或多个的多个像素；以及
手持式外壳，与所述照明源、所述图像传感器和所述光学滤波器中的一个或多个有包围关系，
其中所述图像传感器定义在其上对齐所述光学滤波器的所述滤波器区域的光轴，其中所述手持式终端操作来通过操作员按下的触发器进行人工激活，其中所述触发器引起解码所述可解码标记的至少一次尝试，并且其中所述手持式终端操作来基于解码所述可解码标记的所述尝试指定所述光学滤波器的通带和所述照明源生成的光的波长中的一个或多个。
10.如权利要求9所述的标记阅读终端，还包括耦合到所述光学滤波器的激励器，其中所述激励器操作时配置成改变沿所述光轴通过所述光学滤波器的光的波长。
11.如权利要求10所述的标记阅读终端，其中所述光学滤波器包括多个滤波器区域，每个滤波器区域配置成使具有不同发射波长的发射光通过，并且其中所述激励器操作时配置成响应于所述照明源生成的光的波长移动所述光学滤波器以沿所述光轴将所述滤波器区域之一放在适当位置。
12.如权利要求9所述的标记阅读终端，还包括用于将所述可解码标记的图像聚焦在所述图像传感器上的成像透镜。
13.如权利要求9所述的标记阅读终端，其中所述照明源包括如下一项或多项：
发光二极管组件，用于生成具有用于照明所述印刷材料的第一波长的第一光束；以及
瞄准器组件，包括用于生成激光的第二光束的激光二极管。
14.如权利要求9所述的标记阅读终端，其中所述光学滤波器包括设置在一个或多个像素上的至少一个光学涂层，并且其中所述光学涂层形成使所发射光的所述发射波长通过的至少一个滤波器区域。
15.如权利要求14所述的标记阅读终端，其中所述光学涂层形成多个滤波器区域，每个滤波器区域包括不同的像素，并且其中每个滤波器区域配置成使具有不同发射波长的发射光通过。
16.一种解码包括响应于不可见光谱中的光可见的印刷材料的可解码标记的方法，所述方法包括：
在光轴上对齐图像传感器和光学滤波器，所述光学滤波器包括具有用于使由所述印刷材料发射的光的发射波长通过的通带的至少一个滤波器区域；
从照明源生成光，所述光具有在所述不可见光谱中的波长；以及
通过将用于照明所述可解码标记的光的波长和所述光学滤波器的所述通带中的每个与成功解码所述可解码标记相关来设置所述波长和所述通带中的一个或多个。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，还包括用耦合到所述光学滤波器的激励器沿所述光轴定位所述光学滤波器的所述滤波器区域。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述光学滤波器包括多个滤波器区域，每个滤波器区域配置成使具有不同发射波长的发射光通过，并且其中所述激励器操作时配置成响应于所述照明源生成的光的波长移动所述光学滤波器以沿所述光轴将所述滤波器区域之一放在适当位置。
19.如权利要求16所述的方法，还包括通过操作员按下的触发器的人工激活接收指令，其中所述触发器引起解码所述可解码标记的至少一次尝试，并且其中基于解码所述可解码标记的所述尝试改变所述光学滤波器的所述通带和所述照明源生成的光的波长中的一个或多个。
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