CN102199060A - Production method of functional organic fertilizer used for tobacco - Google Patents
Production method of functional organic fertilizer used for tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN102199060A CN102199060A CN2011100851838A CN201110085183A CN102199060A CN 102199060 A CN102199060 A CN 102199060A CN 2011100851838 A CN2011100851838 A CN 2011100851838A CN 201110085183 A CN201110085183 A CN 201110085183A CN 102199060 A CN102199060 A CN 102199060A
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- organic fertilizer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of a functional organic fertilizer used for tobacco. The production method comprises the following steps of: adding powdery peat, rape residue and chrysanthemum residue together to a fermenting microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; piling up the mixed material and fermenting the mixed material pile for 8-15 days; overturning the pile and homogenizing, and sufficiently fermenting the material for 6-12 days; screening, and pulverizing bulk material; and adding a biological nematicide according to a certain ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a product. The dry weight ratio of the peat to the rape residue to the chrysanthemum residue is (30-40): (30-50): (15-35). Based on the weight of the finished product, 0.5-2 parts by weight of fermenting microbial agent is added, and 1-3 parts by weight of fermenting aid is also added. The production method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, scientific sequence, reasonable raw material metching and process condition setting, rapid propagation of fermenting strain, active flora, high fermenting temperature, high efficacy in decomposition and fertilization of organic matters and complete killing of harmful bacteria, and the obtained product has strong inhibition, prevention and control effects on the root knot nematode disease of tobacco. The tobacco to which the functional organic fertilizer provided by the invention is applied has the advantages of high quality, high aroma content, fresh aroma, delicate aroma texture, low stimulus and clean and comfortable after-flavor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one grow tobacco hard can fertilizer production method.
Background technology
Fertiliser production, particularly harmless nontoxic organic fertilizer production is the important step of flue-cured tobacco industry, the fertilizer input accounts for about half of whole cured tobacco production data, and according to relevant statistic data, fertilizer has accounted for 39%, 47% and 28% approximately respectively to the contribution rate of yield of tobacco, the output value and quality.It serves to show the significance level of fertilizer to tobacco.
Fertilizer impels people to drop into lot of manpower and material resources and researches and develops the importance of cured tobacco production just, fertilizers like the many types occurred, and industry has been formulated relevant industry standard to fertilizer, as NY525-2002 etc.But the factor that influences flue-cured tobacco plantation is diversified, relation is complicated, and particularly to strengthening the aspects such as functional organic fertilizer of cigarette strain opposing disease and pest ability, the guidance that only depends on the currently available products standard is not enough.And industry standard be principle stipulate some indexs fertile plain and foreign matter content, can not instruct people to make Production Flow Chart and processing condition.And the fertilizer of all producing according to industry standard might not have at the useful function of certain disease and pest.As in popular wide, sickness rate is high, influence the is bigger tobacco root knot nematode disease of China, just there is not a kind of standard of functional organic fertilizer of special use can reference at present, more do not have corresponding production technique and can follow.Therefore, develop performance and satisfy the need, diseases such as tobacco root knot nematode are had the prevention and control effect and promote the source (functional) organic fertilizer of quality of tobacco, must explore and test new technology, new method just might prove effective.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly at the problem in the above-mentioned tobacco fertiliser production, propose a kind of new, low cost, high-level efficiency, pollution-free, product performance are stable that tobacco root knot nematode disease etc. is had the production method of the tobacco usefulness functional organic fertilizer that obvious prevention and control render a service, to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art.
This production method of energy fertilizer hard that grows tobacco that the present invention proposes is characterized in that it has the following steps:
(1) with powdered peat, rape is withered and the chrysanthemum slag adds fermenting agent together and stirs;
(2) will go up the fermentation in advance of step mixture stockpile heap;
(3) follow the turning refining, allow material fully ferment;
(4) after the fermentation ends material is sieved the fragmenting bulk material;
(5) add in proportion fungal bio-nematicide and stir product.
In (1) step, peat, rape is withered and chrysanthemum slag three's the weight part proportioning by dry weight basis is: 30-40:30-50:15-35.
Fermenting agent adds by 0.5-2 weight part of finished product weight.
The fermentation time in (2) step is 8-15 days, and (3) step fermentation time is 6-12 days.Mixed moisture controlled is at 20-35%.
The full-automatic turning of fermenter is adopted in the turning in (3) step.
Can also add the fermentation auxiliary simultaneously in (1), add-on is the 1-3 part by its finished weight.Strengthen the effectiveness of organic fermentation with this.
(5) step products obtained therefrom is made particulate state with nodulizer, in order to balanced fertilising according to quantity.70-75 ℃ of this step control nodulizer kiln hood drying temperature, kiln end temperature 40-50 ℃.
Granulate and dried product sieves, remove metering packing behind the defective particle.The macrobead product returns (5) step operation and granulates again.
(1) step in rape withered can with oil tea withered, castor-oil plant is withered, cottonseed is withered as surrogate.
In order to guarantee that the fertile plain index of product reaches the requirement of industry standard, control peat organic content is not less than 50%, and humic acids is not less than 20%, and rape is withered to be not less than 50% with chrysanthemum slag organic matter.
This production method of the present invention, flow process is keen-witted and capable, and sequence of events science, the collocation of various raw materials and processing condition are provided with rationally, and fermented bacterium is bred fast, and flora is active, and the quick-acting of organic nutrient improves, and stockpile intensification simultaneously is high, harmful germ thorough killing.Main is that the active substance that rape collocation fermentation backs withered and other raw materials produce has very strong inhibition effect to the tobacco root knot nematode, and the root knot nematode disease is had significant prevention and control effect.Per pass operation of the present invention all is provided with the control corresponding index, and the products obtained therefrom steady quality is reliable, and plain index of every fertilizer and detrimental impurity index all meet industry standard.Through the practical probation of big area flue-cured tobacco planted area, the prevention and control effect of flue-cured tobacco cigarette strain sickness rate height, disease and pests such as tobacco root knot nematode that influence is big is higher than common pesticides, and prevention and control cost low 47%.The quality of tobacco of using the functional organic fertilizer that the present invention produces obviously promotes, and the conclusion that the expert smokes panel test is: tobacco incense tolerance height, fragrance exquisite in texture, fragrance are pure and fresh, and pungency is little, and pleasant impression is totally comfortable.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the process flow diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Demonstrate beneficial effect of the present invention below.
According to aforesaid method and flow sequence shown in the drawings, it is as follows to set three kinds of raw material allocation plans respectively:
First scheme: withered 50 parts of rape; 16.8 parts of chrysanthemum slags; 30 parts in peat.All by dry weight basis, unless specifically stated otherwise, up and down all herewith.
Alternative plan: withered 40 parts of rape; 21.8 parts of chrysanthemum slags; 35 parts in peat.
Third party's case: withered 30 parts of rape; Chrysanthemum slag 31.8; 35 parts in peat.
Peat, rape is withered and material such as chrysanthemum slag is the locality and draws materials, and is crushed to suitable granularity in advance, as 3mm with inferior.Globule size be suitable for material be mixed and favourable fermentation be principle.Can decide as the case may be.Through the detection to raw material, withered organic content, the humic acids content of peat and rape all meets above-mentioned requirements.
Each scheme raw material and No. 1 bacterial strain of fermenting agent and fermentation auxiliary (respectively by 0.2 and 2 weight part of finished weight add) separately one reinstated stirrer to stir, pile up a fermentation primary fermentation 10 days, then be transferred to fermenter and carry out full-automatic turning fermentation end fermentation after 8 days.During the fermentation, the applicant has carried out detection of dynamic, result such as table 1 to temperature, moisture and the pH value of stockpile.The complete nutrition ingredients measurement result such as the table 2 that carry out respectively during batching and during fermentation ends:
Table 1 different ingredients fermentation recorder (%)
Table 2 when batching and fermentation ends complete nutrition ingredients check and analysis (%)
After the fermentation ends material is sieved, the fragmenting bulk material excludes foreign material, and adds the many power of fungal bio-nematicide algae and stir, and pressing down of root knot nematode killed renders a service to strengthen fertilizer.Many power of algae add-on is 1 weight part by its finished weight.
Cause particulate state with nodulizer at last, get the finished product.
Sampling detects to the finished product under three kinds of schemes, and the gained quality index is as follows:
First scheme (%): moisture 18.48; Organic 53.95; Humic acids 28.1; PH value 5.67; Full nitrogen N 2.22; Full phosphorus P
2O
52.13; Full potassium K
2O 1.53; Total nutrient 5.88; Worm's ovum mortality ratio 100; Intestinal bacteria do not detect; Impurity such as Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, As or do not detect or conformance with standard.Through contrast, every index all meets the NY525-2002 requirement.
Alternative plan (%): moisture 18.28; Organic 52.2; Humic acids 27.6; PH value 6.91; Full nitrogen N 2.01; Full phosphorus P
2O
52.20; Full potassium K
2O 1.65; Total nutrient 5.86; Worm's ovum mortality ratio 100; Intestinal bacteria do not detect; Impurity such as Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, As or do not detect or conformance with standard.Through contrast, every index all meets the NY525-2002 requirement.
Third party's case (%): moisture 17.95; Organic 52.59; Humic acids 28.4; PH value 7.24; Full nitrogen N 1.93; Full phosphorus P
2O
52.16; Full potassium K
2O 1.46; Total nutrient 5.55; Worm's ovum mortality ratio 100; Intestinal bacteria do not detect; Impurity such as Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, As or do not detect or conformance with standard.Through contrast, every index all meets the NY525-2002 requirement.
As seen from Table 1, first scheme is when preparing burden to fermentation ends, and it is acid that the pH value all is, and alternative plan shows neutral meta-acid, and third party's case then is neutral meta-alkalescence.Rape in first scheme is withered and chrysanthemum slag proportion is bigger, produces a large amount of organic acids in the fermenting process, and material is more closely knit simultaneously, easily produces anaerobically fermenting; Rape is withered and chrysanthemum slag proportion is comparatively moderate in the alternative plan prescription, and is comparatively approaching to the pH value of fermentation ends from preparing burden, and is neutrality meta-alkalescence slightly.
Grasp this rule and be convenient to that the producer changes according to flue-cured tobacco plantation ground soil property and customer requirements is adjusted product acid basicity.
Also find out from table 1, three kinds of schemes during the fermentation, leavening temperature all remains on 50-60 ℃, even reach 65 ℃, and whole fermentation process reaches 17 days, under the continuous high temperature condition, harmful bacterium such as intestinal bacteria all is killed, and this helps the control of intestinal bacteria index in the product.Higher temperature also helps the evaporation of moisture simultaneously, saves the cost that dehydrates.
Find out also that from table 1 agent of biological defence line is mixed after fermentation ends, then granulation, quality product has not only been stablized in the processing of cryodrying, has also kept the activity of probiotics and the agent of biological defence line in the source (functional) organic fertilizer effectively.
For the product under above-mentioned three kinds of schemes, applicant's unit organization manpower has carried out reaching the test more than 2 years in the flue-cured tobacco cultivation district of 6 counties and cities, Honshu.Prove that the product under three schemes has tangible prevention and control effect to multiple tobacco root knot nematode disease.The result of actual survey is that the quantity of the root knot nematode in the cigarette strain rhizosphere soil becomes negative correlativing relation with the withered content of rape, and promptly the product restraint strengthens with the increase of the withered content of rape.With the controlled trial of conventional pesticide in, use functional organic fertilizer 20Kg/ mu the average preventive effect of root knot nematode disease is reached 27.94%, than 3% iron go out gram, Jin Dongwang, the preventive effect of agreeing conventional pesticides 29.16% such as nation's line honor, the spirit of gram line is suitable, 20.75 yuan/mu of its prevention and control costs are than the cost of corresponding several common pesticides on average low 46.8%.When functional organic fertilizer is executed dosage and increased to 30Kg/ mu, the prevention and control effect of root knot nematode disease is increased to 43.9%, better than common pesticides.
In addition, contain nematode killing agent (the many power of algae, commercial goods) in the functional organic fertilizer and show, contain withered and processing nematode killing agent of rape is better than not containing nematode killing agent to the prevention and control effect of root knot nematode disease prevention and control effect simultaneously with the simultaneous test that do not contain.The withered combined effect factor with nematode killing agent of proof prevention and control effect from rape.
After executing the functional organic fertilizer of joining the withered content of 30% rape, changed the content of main chemical compositions in the tobacco leaf to a certain extent, its variation tendency is to make the content of tobacco leaf main chemical compositions be tending towards coordinating, and has improved quality of tobacco, has promoted quality of tobacco.Show executing the monomer leaf smoking result of joining functional organic fertilizer through the relevant expert: tobacco incense tolerance height, fragrance exquisite in texture, fragrance is pure and fresh, pungency is little, and pleasant impression is totally comfortable.
In order to verify this functional organic fertilizer in stability of preventing and treating the root knot nematode disease effect and ubiquity, applicant unit has carried out popularization experiment in a big way on experimental basis.Since two thousand eight, 7 counties and cities mainly execute 20Kg/ mu rate of fertilizer application and demonstrate and promote totally 34.24 ten thousand mu of popularizing areas to join in Honshu; Promote 25.5 ten thousand mu in 2009 again, add other odd tentative popularizing areas in area, successively reach 62.14 ten thousand mu.The flue-cured tobacco cultivars that relates to mainly contains cloud and mist 97, K326, red big, NC297 etc.Through a large amount of statistical magnitudes, proof is used functional organic fertilizer of the present invention and (is not used functional organic fertilizer of the present invention than the check plot, all the other conditions are identical), test site in 2008 on average increases income 162.36 yuan/mu, test site in 2009 on average increases income 127 yuan/mu, amounts to 8,797 ten thousand yuan for actual the increasing income of tobacco grower.
In above-mentioned three kinds of schemes, rape is withered, the cost of chrysanthemum slag and three kinds of raw materials of peat accounts for the withered a kind of 42-56.8% that just accounted for of 56-65%, particularly rape of whole production cost.In order to reduce cost, the applicant uses respectively that oil tea is withered, castor-oil plant is withered, cottonseed is withered as surrogate, and all the other conditions are constant has carried out experimental production, and the product that obtains after tested and use, fertilizer efficiency is suitable, and it is withered slightly to be worse than rape on the effect of prevention and control tobacco root knot nematode disease.But roughly suitable technique effect is arranged all.
In this example: the fermentation auxiliary: be urea, be mainly used in the C/N ratio of regulating fermentation materials, promote the quick growth and breeding of fermented bacterium.
Chrysanthemum slag: be the accessory products behind the Flower of Aztec Marigold extraction xenthophylls, can be with the pyrethrum slag as surrogate, carried out experimental production in that all the other conditions are constant, the product that obtains is after tested and use, fertilizer efficiency is suitable, on the effect of prevention and control tobacco root knot nematode disease a little more than marigold residue.But cost increases to some extent, and inventory is limited, and mass production uses and is subjected to certain restriction.
Fermenting agent also is existing commercial goods.
Applicant unit for last this peat, rape is withered and chrysanthemum slag three's the weight part proportioning of pressing dry weight basis exists: change experiment in the scope of 30-40:30-50:15-35, it is all roughly the same to be included in the performance that experiment showed, the gained functional organic fertilizer of carrying out under each end value assembly.
Claims (9)
- One grow tobacco hard can fertilizer production method, it is characterized in that it has the following steps:(1) with powdered peat, rape is withered and the chrysanthemum slag adds fermenting agent together and stirs;(2) will go up the fermentation in advance of step mixture stockpile heap;(3) follow the turning refining, allow material fully ferment;(4) after the fermentation ends material is sieved the fragmenting bulk material;(5) add fungal bio-nematicide and stir product.
- 2. tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that in (1) step with the production method of functional organic fertilizer, and peat, rape is withered and chrysanthemum slag three's the weight part proportioning by dry weight basis is: 30-40:30-50:15-35.
- 3. tobacco according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that with the production method of functional organic fertilizer fermenting agent adds by 0.5-2 weight part of finished product weight.
- 4. tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that with the production method of functional organic fertilizer the fermentation time in (2) step is 8-15 days, and (3) step fermentation time is 6-12 days.
- 5. tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that with the production method of functional organic fertilizer the full-automatic turning of fermenter is adopted in (3) turning.
- 6. tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that also adding the fermentation auxiliary in (1) step with the production method of functional organic fertilizer, and add-on is the 1-3 part by its finished weight.
- 7. tobacco according to claim 1 is with the production method of functional organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that (5) step products obtained therefrom makes particulate state with nodulizer, 70-75 ℃ of this step control nodulizer kiln hood drying temperature, kiln end temperature 40-50 ℃.
- 8. tobacco according to claim 1 is with the production method of functional organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that granulating and dried product sieves, and removes metering packing behind the defective particle, and the macrobead product returns (5) step operation and granulates again.
- 9. tobacco according to claim 1 is with the production method of functional organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that rape in (1) step withered can be withered with oil tea, castor-oil plant is withered, cottonseed is withered as surrogate.
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| CN2011100851838A CN102199060A (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Production method of functional organic fertilizer used for tobacco |
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| CN2011100851838A CN102199060A (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Production method of functional organic fertilizer used for tobacco |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103739407A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-23 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing waste inferior fresh tobacco leaves |
| CN108947601A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-07 | 徐兆林 | A kind of technical method for allowing cake-shaped rape seed dregs Rapid Fermentation |
| CN109006291A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 贵州景诚制药有限公司 | A kind of method of red rooted salvia Guizhou introducing and planting |
| CN110002908A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 云南博浩生物科技集团股份有限公司 | The method of comprehensive utilization of Xanthophylls from Marigold production waste |
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| CN1317540A (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-17 | 山名俊彦 | Powdered stevia rebaudiana and enriched liquid and mfg. process thereof |
| CN1468829A (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-01-21 | 王忠玉 | Composite biological fertilizer specially for stevia and its production process |
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2011
- 2011-04-06 CN CN2011100851838A patent/CN102199060A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1317540A (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-17 | 山名俊彦 | Powdered stevia rebaudiana and enriched liquid and mfg. process thereof |
| CN1468829A (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-01-21 | 王忠玉 | Composite biological fertilizer specially for stevia and its production process |
| CN101423426A (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2009-05-06 | 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司 | Organic fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103739407A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-23 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing waste inferior fresh tobacco leaves |
| CN109006291A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 贵州景诚制药有限公司 | A kind of method of red rooted salvia Guizhou introducing and planting |
| CN108947601A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-07 | 徐兆林 | A kind of technical method for allowing cake-shaped rape seed dregs Rapid Fermentation |
| CN110002908A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 云南博浩生物科技集团股份有限公司 | The method of comprehensive utilization of Xanthophylls from Marigold production waste |
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Application publication date: 20110928 |