CN102177228A - 用于金属组件的防腐蚀剂 - Google Patents

用于金属组件的防腐蚀剂 Download PDF

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CN102177228A
CN102177228A CN2009801405746A CN200980140574A CN102177228A CN 102177228 A CN102177228 A CN 102177228A CN 2009801405746 A CN2009801405746 A CN 2009801405746A CN 200980140574 A CN200980140574 A CN 200980140574A CN 102177228 A CN102177228 A CN 102177228A
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corrosive compositions
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W·亨德尔
F·迈尔
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Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Steyr Daimler Puch Fahrzeugtechnik AG and Co KG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于金属组件的抗腐蚀剂。为了提供一种环境相容的抗蚀剂，所述抗蚀剂能用于金属组件而不需在安装前将抗腐蚀剂去除，即使在油性表面也能形成良好的涂层，具有很好的抗蚀效果并且与水性润滑剂组合物也是相容的，本发明提供了一种防腐蚀剂，它包括(重量百分比计)：a)大于50％的水；b)表面活性剂；c)硼酸衍生物；d)片状或杆状填料；e)任选的粘合剂；f)任选的羧酸盐。

Description

用于金属组件的防腐蚀剂
本发明涉及一种用于金属组件的防腐蚀组合物(防腐蚀剂)。
金属组件(特别是铁含量高的组件，例如钢组件)上的防腐蚀涂层应当能保护该组件免受氧化腐蚀并且是环境相容的。
此外，对于用于制造金属组件上防腐蚀涂层的防腐蚀组合物，通常要求它在金属组件安装在机器或设备中之后不受影响，也不需要在安装之前去除，因为这样是费力的、不希望得到的。因此，对于用于单个组件的水性润滑剂组合物，还需要防腐蚀组合物或防腐蚀涂层与这种润滑剂组合物是相容的，如印刷出版物WO2007/098523A2中所公开的内容。
根据现有技术，防腐蚀涂层大部分由含油的、油基或脂肪基涂层组成。这些涂层通常是石蜡族的、环烷族的或芳香族的矿物油，甚至是合成的或自然存在的脂肪或油脂。这些已知的防腐蚀涂层用来密封组件表面，通过油脂或脂肪层使其免受湿气和氧化侵蚀。在以这种方式保护的组件安装过程中或安装之后，很多情况下所述防腐蚀涂层是有害的，并且是不希望的。因此，在安装之前，所述组件通常要经受去油脂和清洗的费时费力的过程。这不仅会带来相当大的环境污染，也明显增加了成本。
包括羧酸和膦酸酯的含水防腐蚀组合物也是现有技术已知的。这种防腐蚀组合物能延迟对金属组件的氧化侵蚀，但与水性润滑剂组合物不相容或不能充分相容。
从印刷公开出版物JP2003013263A中可知一种用于钢组件的水性防腐蚀组合物。这样印刷公开出版物公开了一种水基防腐蚀组合物。除了水和添加剂如表面活性剂和增稠剂，例如高岭土、粘土或云母以外，这种水基防腐蚀组合物还包括能提供防腐蚀保护的颜料。所述颜料由磷酸盐，如磷酸锌或磷酸镁组成，平均粒径最大为3μm。根据该公开出版物的教导，选择平均粒径小的颜料以使该颜料不凝聚。这种防腐蚀组合物的防腐蚀作用本质上是基于该颜料的效果，不足以提供持续的防蚀保护。但是，不管是否是小粒径都不能排除颜料凝聚的问题。
本发明的目的是提供一种前述类型的防腐蚀组合物，它能提供金属组件的良好涂层，即使是油浸的或涂脂的金属组件，其中所述防腐蚀组合物或由其制得的防腐蚀涂层既不需要在安装所述组件之前去除，也不会在安装后受影响，并且所述防腐蚀组合物或由其制得的防蚀涂层表现出很好的防腐蚀保护，对环境友好并与水性润滑液相容。
采用包含以下组分(重量百分比)的防腐蚀组合物达到本发明目的：
a)大于50％水；
b)表面活性剂；
c)硼酸衍生物；
d)片状或杆状填料；
e)任选的粘合剂；
f)任选的羧酸盐。
本发明的防腐蚀组合物的优点具体是用这种组合物可以制造具有双重防蚀效果的金属组件的水性防腐蚀涂层。首先，颗粒具有很高纵横比(即高的颗粒直径或颗粒长度与颗粒厚度比)的所述片状或杆状填料密封所述组件。由于这些颗粒在表面上的积聚产生了对与涂覆表面接触的腐蚀作用物质很长的扩散程。这样得到了物理上有效的防腐蚀机制。第二，提供了硼酸衍生物，例如硼酸酐与三乙醇胺的反应产物，这样也得到了化学上有效的防腐蚀机制。具体地说，现已表明，与提供的填料结合可以制得没有或只有很少量的空气之类气体毛细管道的防腐蚀涂层，所述涂覆表面也是以化学方式得到保护。因此，所述表面不仅防扩散的，也是化学上钝化的。本发明防腐蚀组合物的优点还在于它是与水性或含水润滑液或冷却液充分相容的，其中对于水性润滑液，令人惊奇地发现通过防腐蚀涂层形式的本发明防腐蚀组合物与水性润滑液的共同作用，提高了润滑效果，这是因为本发明的防腐蚀组合物降低了摩擦系数。
在本发明的范围中，为了得到尽可能紧密，没有或基本上没有毛细管道的防腐蚀涂层，优选的是该防腐蚀组合物包括片状填料。特别合适的填料选自下组：石墨、云母、六方氮化硼、滑石、高岭土和铁云母。在这一方面，也已证明所述片状填料的平均颗粒直径小于15μm是有利的，优选小于10μm，更优选小于7.5μm。平均颗粒直径优选为0.5至5.0μm。
原则上，能降低表面张力的任何物质都能用作表面活性剂。为了降低静态和动态表面张力，当润湿含油脂或含脂肪的表面时优选使用炔属衍生物，优选 使用乙炔二醇。这类表面活性剂或润湿剂具有良好的润湿能力，而不需担心毒性或对环境有害的问题。此外，即使没有说明所述防腐蚀组合物中炔属衍生物组分与其它活性防蚀组分的相互作用，使用乙炔衍生物也能使要生产的防腐蚀组合物有特别高的防腐蚀作用。
选自多糖的粘合剂可与所述防腐蚀组合物混合来改善粘附和耐磨性能。
此外，现已证明在本发明的防腐蚀组合物中提供羧酸盐是有益的，该羧酸盐选自下组：硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸铝、油酸锌、油酸钙和油酸铝。
根据以上描述，本发明的防腐蚀组合物基本上不含磷酸盐，因此具有环境相容性方面的又一个优点。
为了改进与水性润滑剂组合物的相容性，所述防腐蚀组合物也可以包括超过80％，优选超过90％的水。
所述填料的含量可以在很宽的范围内按需要选择。能确保高防腐蚀保护作用，同时能使所述防腐蚀剂容易加工或容易沉积在金属组件上的优选范围是0.5至30％，优选0.5至5.0％。
所述防腐蚀组合物中表面活性剂的量优选为0.1至2.0％。所述表面活性剂的优点在这一范围内能充分地发挥。在某些情况下，采用较低浓度的表面活性剂得不到期望的作用效果。浓度高于2.0％也是不利的。
为了以最好的方式达到所期望的化学防腐蚀作用，优选添加0.5至10％硼酸衍生物，例如硼酸酐和三乙醇胺的反应产物或其它的硼酸胺酯。
根据本发明防腐蚀组合物的优点，所述组合物优选用于钢合金制成的组件。所述防腐蚀组合物可以采用任意技术，特别是采用浸渍组件或在所述组件上喷涂防蚀组合物来施用。
以下用示例性的实施方式更详细地解释本发明。
实施例1
在装配有溶解盘的搅拌容器中放置90.5升软化水，并加入0.5g乙炔二醇。然后在其中溶解3.5kg甲基纤维素(郝普勒 
Figure BPA00001347634200031
粘度300mPas，2％浓度)。接着，加入2.0kg石墨(d50 4.0μm，99.5％碳)和3.5kg用硼酸酐和三乙醇胺反应制得的硼酸衍生物。再用分散装置使该混合物均匀化。均匀化之后，用制得的防腐蚀组合物喷涂钢组件或将钢组件浸渍在防腐蚀组合物中。干燥之后，形成了紧实密封的涂层，保护所述零件不受氧化侵蚀，并能与水性润滑剂组合物 很好的相容。
实施例2
采用实施例1中的方法，将2.0kg聚乙烯醇(充分水解，郝普勒粘度30mPas，2％浓度)溶解于92.0升软化水中，并加入0.5kg乙炔二醇。接着，加入2.5kg石墨(d50 4.0μm，99.5％碳)、2.0kg硬脂酸锌和1.0kg硼酸衍生物(按照实施例1方法制备)。制备得到的防腐蚀组合物按照实施例1的方式使用。
实施例3
按照实施例1中的方法，将0.5kg乙炔二醇加入90.0升软化水中。再将3.5kg甲基纤维素(郝普勒粘度300mPas，2％浓度)溶解其中。再加入2.5kg云母粉末(d50 2.0μm)，将3.5kg硼酸衍生物(如实施例1中所制备)溶解。所述防蚀组合物按照实施例1的方式使用。

Claims (15)

1.一种防腐蚀组合物，包括(以重量百分比计)：
a)大于50％的水；
b)表面活性剂；
c)硼酸衍生物；
d)片状或杆状填料；
e)任选的粘合剂；
f)任选的羧酸盐。
2.如权利要求1所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，它包括片状填料。
3.如权利要求2所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于所述片状填料选自下组：石墨、云母、六方氮化硼、滑石、高岭土和铁云母。
4.如权利要求3所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，所述片状填料的平均颗粒直径小于15μm，优选小于10μm，更优选小于7.5μm。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂是炔属衍生物。
6.如权利要求5中所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，所述炔属衍生物是乙炔二醇。
7.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，它包括选自多糖的粘合剂。
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，它包括选自下组的羧酸盐：硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸铝、油酸锌、油酸钙和油酸铝。
9.如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物基本不含磷酸盐。
10.如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，它包括大于80％，优选大于90％的水。
11.如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，包括0.5至30％的填料。
12.如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，包括0.1至2.0％的表面活性剂。
13.如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物，其特征在于，包括0.5至10％的硼酸衍生物，优选硼酸酐与三乙醇胺的反应产物。
14.如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物作为防腐蚀涂层用于合金钢制作的组件的用途。
15.如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的防腐蚀组合物与水性润滑液的组合。
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