CN102149569B - 拖拉机车辆 - Google Patents

拖拉机车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102149569B
CN102149569B CN200980127661.8A CN200980127661A CN102149569B CN 102149569 B CN102149569 B CN 102149569B CN 200980127661 A CN200980127661 A CN 200980127661A CN 102149569 B CN102149569 B CN 102149569B
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seat
vehicle
frame
height
adjustment assembly
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CN102149569A (zh
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杰里米·乌特克
菲利普·诺瓦茨基
大卫·朱比耶
杰伊·姆科斯基
蒂姆·斯基梅
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Polaris Inc
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Polaris Industries Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K13/00—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
    • B60K13/02—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning intake
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0284—Adjustable seat-cushion length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/10—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable tiltable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/50—Seat suspension devices
    • B60N2/502—Seat suspension devices attached to the base of the seat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/50—Seat suspension devices
    • B60N2/505—Adjustable suspension including height adjustment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/50—Seat suspension devices
    • B60N2/52—Seat suspension devices using fluid means
    • B60N2/522—Seat suspension devices using fluid means characterised by dampening means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/50—Seat suspension devices
    • B60N2/54—Seat suspension devices using mechanical springs
    • B60N2/544—Compression or tension springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
    • F02D9/12—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having slidably-mounted valve members; having valve members movable longitudinally of conduit
    • F02D9/14—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having slidably-mounted valve members; having valve members movable longitudinally of conduit the members being slidable transversely of conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
    • F02M35/10026—Plenum chambers
    • F02M35/10032—Plenum chambers specially shaped or arranged connecting duct between carburettor or air inlet duct and the plenum chamber; specially positioned carburettors or throttle bodies with respect to the plenum chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/16—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines characterised by use in vehicles
    • F02M35/162—Motorcycles; All-terrain vehicles, e.g. quads, snowmobiles; Small vehicles, e.g. forklifts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
    • F02D2009/0201—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof
    • F02D2009/023—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/50—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
    • F02D2200/501—Vehicle speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D31/00—Use of speed-sensing governors to control combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D31/001—Electric control of rotation speed
    • F02D31/002—Electric control of rotation speed controlling air supply
    • F02D31/006—Electric control of rotation speed controlling air supply for maximum speed control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Control Of The Air-Fuel Ratio Of Carburetors (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种拖拉机(2)，该拖拉机(2)为具有可移动座椅靠背(44)、座椅高度调节器(40)以及座椅负载调节能力(42)的四轮驱动车。该拖拉机还具有速度控制装置(206)。

Description

拖拉机车辆
技术领域
本公开涉及可以归类为拖拉机的车辆。
背景技术
许多不同类型和样式的车辆用于实用目的，并且对于许多应用场合适用有许多不同的国家法律和法规。通常，全地形车辆(“ATV”)和多功能车辆(“UV”)用于在各种地形上运送一个或两个乘员和少量货物。大多数ATVs包括包含一至三个气缸的发动机。通常，发动机安装在ATV的框架中，并且大多数ATV包括定位在发动机之上的跨骑式或马鞍式座椅。座椅通常硬性地安装至框架，并且并不提供诸如高度和重量等方面的多种骑手结构。
就拖拉机的分类而言，各个国家具有拖拉机车辆分类的具体要求。欧洲有在(78/764/EEC)(OJL 255，18.9.1978，Pg.1)中描述的“欧共体理事会1978年7月25日关于对统一各成员国有关轮式农业或林业拖拉机上的驾驶者座椅的法律的理事会指令(Council Directive of 25July1978 on the approximation of the laws of the member states relating tothe driver seat on wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors)”，以参引的方式将其主题合并于此。
该指令规定了为了分类为拖拉机，轮式车辆所需要具有的某些特性。首先，靠背(或座椅椅垫与座椅靠背一起)的位置必须至少能够调节60mm的距离。座椅还必须能够在竖直方向调节至少30mm。如上述理事会指令的附录二中示出的，该指令还规定座椅能够适应介于385牛顿(86磅)至923牛顿(207磅)之间的特定负载调节范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供符合拖拉机分类的ATV式车辆。
附图说明
现在将通过参照附图描述本发明的实施方式，其中：
图1是本公开的拖拉机的左前视立体图；
图2是本公开的拖拉机的右后视立体图；
图3是拖拉机的后视图；
图4是拖拉机框架的后视立体图，示出了座椅负载调节组件和座椅高度调节组件；
图5是与图4的后视立体图相似的后视立体图；
图6是与图4和图5的后视立体图相似的左视立体图；
图7是图6中示出的拖拉机框架的俯视图；
图8A是图6中示出的拖拉机的右视图；
图8B是贯穿车辆气箱和座椅的横截面图；
图9是座椅的仰视立体图；
图10示出了座椅框架的俯视立体图；
图11示出了图10的座椅框架的后视立体图；
图12示出了处于完全提高位置的座椅的局部立体图；
图13示出了处于完全降低位置的图12的座椅；
图14示出了看向座椅高度调节组件的端视图，其中锁止棘爪处于最上方锁止孔口中；
图15示出了与图14的视图相似的视图，其中锁止棘爪处于中间锁止孔口中；
图16示出了与图14的视图相似的视图，其中锁止棘爪处于最下方锁止孔口中；
图17是示出处于最后方位置的座椅靠背的立体图；
图18是示出处于最前方位置的座椅靠背的立体图；
图19是示出进气系统和安装至节气门的速度控制单元的立体图；
图20是与图19相似的立体图，其不具有处于合适的位置的发动机和节气门；
图21是与图20中相似的拖拉机俯视图；
图22是速度控制单元的阀的立体图；
图23是示出速度控制单元的多个组成部件的视图；
图24是速度控制单元的分解图；
图25A示出了速度小于25mph时的系统操作；以及
图25B示出了速度大于25mph时的系统操作。
具体实施方式
首先参见图1至图3，拖拉机总体示出为2。拖拉机2是具有支撑拖拉机框架8的前驱动轮4和后驱动轮6的四轮驱动车。拖拉机2还包括用于单个骑手的座椅10，该座椅10具有靠背12，其带有前实用架14和后实用架16。拖拉机通过转向组件18而能够转向并且通过传动系统20而能够运动(motively projected)(图2)。
现在参见图4至图8，更详细地示出框架8。框架8大致包括纵向延伸的上框架部26，上框架部26大致包括通过横杆30保持固定关系的纵向延伸的框架构件28。下框架构件32通过框架立柱34、36和38刚性地附接于上框架构件26。拖拉机2还包括加强型骑手区，该加强型骑手区包括：总体由40示出的座椅高度调节组件、总体由42示出的座椅负载调节组件以及总体由44示出的靠背前移/后移组件(图3)。
参见图8B和图19，示出框架26的前部，尤其是框架构件28。燃料箱46通过附接于支架49的悬腿48附接于框架26。如本文中进一步描述的，悬腿48以悬臂梁式从支架向后延伸。
再次参见图4至图8，将更详细地描述座椅负载调节组件42。座椅负载调节组件42大致包括负载框架50、螺旋弹簧组件52以及弹簧限位器54。参见图4和图5，框架50示出为包括侧板构件56，侧板构件56在一个端部处附接于后托架58并在相反端部处附接于前板60。如将在本文中描述的，前板60还与可调节座椅高度组件40配合。框架50还包括在板60和托架58之间延伸的通道62。如本文中描述的，通道62的底侧是敞开的并且包括附接孔口64(图5)。如图5中最佳地示出的，框架50包括铰链板70，该铰链板70固定于板构件56的底部并且其侧面相接于(flank)衬套72。这使得能够将框架50枢转地安装到横跨在框架构件28之间的端部管74上。应当理解，这使整个框架组件50能够相对于框架8枢转。最后，参见图4，如在本文中进一步描述的，前板60包括多个竖向间隔开的孔口80以及对齐块82。
再次参见图4和图5，弹簧限位器54包括后板90和终止于侧凸缘94的侧板92，侧凸缘94又附接于框架构件28的内表面。现在参见图6和图7，将更详细地描述弹簧52的安装。弹簧52是压缩弹簧并且示出成夹在后限位器100和前限位器102之间。后限位器100包括扩展部104，其中扩展部104具有比螺旋弹簧52的外直径大的外形，并位于弹簧限位器54的内侧。限位器100还包括内直径部106，该内直径部106具有比螺旋弹簧52的内直径小的直径以安置在螺旋弹簧52内。后限位器100还将附接于千斤顶螺丝110(见图5和图6)，当千斤顶螺丝110穿过螺母112旋拧时，千斤顶螺丝110将后限位器100向上推，从而使螺旋弹簧52中的压缩弹簧力增大。
参见图7和图8，上限位器102包括扩展部110和缩径部分112，其中扩展部110具有比螺旋弹簧52大的外形，缩径部分112具有比螺旋弹簧52小的直径并安置在螺旋弹簧52内。应当理解扩展部110可包括具有孔口的锚部(未示出)，可将销穿过该孔口附接于孔口64中靠后的一个(图4至图5)以将螺旋弹簧52的顶端附接于中央通道62。这样，应当理解框架50前部上的向下力F(见图8)使框架50能够在弹簧力的作用下沿如图8所示的箭头方向绕着管74枢转。还应当理解能够通过千斤顶螺丝110控制弹簧52中的压缩弹簧力。
当弹簧限位器54被固定时，螺旋弹簧可以在该枢转运动期间绕着限位器100枢转。然而，也可以以相对于后管120可转动的方式安装弹簧限位器54或将弹簧限位器54固定于后管120并使管120能够相对于立柱34转动。
现在参见图5和图6，减震组件示出成包括附接于横杆30的立柱122，通道124附接于立柱122。减震器126定位在通道124与通道62中的孔口64之间(见图5)。
现在参见图9至图11，将更详细地描述座椅10。座椅10包括具有前部132和后部134的基部130，结构肋136紧固于其中并在前部132和后部134之间延伸。肋136示出为被铆接，但也可以通过一体模制、粘合剂或其它已知的紧固件固定。图9示出了具有带有坐垫的基部130的座椅10，而图10和图11仅示出了基部130。基部130还包括下表面138，下表面138具有从其延伸的柱140，柱140具有橡胶止动件142。如图9中最佳地示出的，以附接于柱140的钢肋144固座椅基部130。如图9所示，基部前部132包括位于模制空穴148内的两个开口146(只有一个开口是可见的)。最后，如图11所示，座椅框架130装备有示出为150的高度调节闩锁组件。
再次参见图4，座椅调节闩锁150包括杆152，杆152具有延伸穿过叉形卡爪156的两个销部154，其中，该叉形卡爪的上部158侧翼包围(flank)座椅框架130的模制部160。销部154固定地附接于叉形卡爪156，并且当把手152运动时叉形卡爪156绕穿过销154的轴线转动。叉形卡爪156还包括与前板60中的孔口80之一锁在一起的锁止棘爪166(图5)。应当理解闩锁组件150包括扭力弹簧168使得叉形卡爪156在通常情况下被偏置成抵靠板60，使棘爪166在孔口80内处于锁止状态。
还如图4中最佳地示出的，座椅框架130包括凹部170，凹部170与对齐块82对齐并且容纳对齐块82以使座椅能够上下枢转，但是在横向上防止座椅框架130的运动。如图4中最佳地示出的，橡胶止动件142与框架构件28对齐以防止在颠簸的情况下座椅框架130与框架构件28猛烈接合。通过将悬腿48定位到开口146中(见图8B)、将块部82定位到开口170中(见图4)以及将闩锁组件150定位到板60的孔口80内而将座椅10保持在合适的位置。
如图12和图13所示，在实用架16处测量，座椅10可以在极限位置A和极限位置B之间移动。图14至图16还示出锁止棘爪166位于不同孔口80中时的座椅位置。如图12和图13之间的比较示出的，座椅具有42.926mm/1.69″的竖向运动。
参见图3和图17，椅背调节组件44包括附接于座椅靠背垫182的管状框架构件180和固定地附接于后架16的锁止通道190。框架部180还包括定位在锁止通道190内的水平延伸部188，其通过螺纹拇指旋轮192锁止。应当理解当旋松和缩回拇指轮192时，水平管部188能够在通道190内前后移动以使使用者能够将椅背定位在多种不同的位置，并且能够将椅背锁定到极限位置之间的任何位置。图17和图18示出了这些极限位置，其中，位置C和位置D之差允许座椅靠背行进60mm。
如设计的那样，拖拉机2满足上述指令的所有要求。如在图17至图18中公开的那样，座椅靠背前后移动。还通过为枢转悬置框架50提供当座椅上有力时受到负载的弹簧52而使座椅满足座椅负载特性。公开的弹簧的弹簧刚度是压缩时170lbf/inch，这使得示出的实施方式的负载大致能够在155N至1200N之间变化。通过使座椅的端部与悬置框架50的前端互相连接而实现高度变化。
现在参见图19至图25，将描述用于拖拉机的速度控制装置。首先参见图19，拖拉机2示出成具有总体示出为200的进气系统，该进气系统200包括气箱202、连接于气箱202的进气管204以及连接在气箱202和节气门208之间的速度控制单元206。应当理解节气门以已知的方式附接于拖拉机的发动机的进气口。
参见图22，速度控制单元206大致包括总体示出为210的速度控制本体，该速度控制本体210具有连接于气箱202的进气侧212和连接于节气门本体208的排气侧214。速度控制单元进一步包括闸板式门216和具有空气输入接头220的顶盖218。现在参见图23和图24，以分解的方式示出速度控制单元，并且还示出壳体内嵌件222。
如图24所示，速度控制本体210包括中央本体部224，中央本体部224与被凸缘228围绕的敞开的上部区域226流体地连通。嵌件222能够被容纳到中央本体部224中如图22所示的位置。嵌件222与壳体210一起限定出位于进气侧212和排气侧214之间的空气通道230。如图22中最佳地示出的，控制本体210包括示出为230的凸起部分或“扁桃体”状部分。如本文中进一步描述的，凸起部分230仅在一侧(进气侧212)上有并且仅向上延伸至闸门构件216。嵌件222能够通过一对紧固件236固定地容纳在中央本体部224内。如图23中最佳地示出的，嵌件222包括具有H型通道的内轮廓238，在此将进一步描述。
同时，隔板组件216包括附接于隔板242的闸门阀构件240，其中，闸阀构件240具有能够与开口238配合的H型结构，并且能够容纳在开口238中并能够相对于开口230横向地上下移动。还应当理解隔板242安置在本体210的开口226的顶部上，并且闸阀构件240能够基于隔板中心的位置而在嵌件222内上下移动。
盖218通过紧固件243紧固于本体210的顶部，紧固件243穿过盖218的孔口被容纳在本体210的孔口244中。这样通过隔板在开口226的周边形成密封状态。弹簧250和帽252定位在隔板242与盖218之间，使得闸阀构件240在通常情况下被弹簧加载至闸板在开口内形成封闭状态的位置。还如图23所示，如本文中进一步描述的，隔板构件216包括延伸穿过闸板240并向上穿过隔板242的排出孔260。在盖218以下、隔板以上限定出第一压力室，并且在隔板下方限定出第二压力室。
凸起部分230使得进入节气门的空气湍流尽可能少。由于闸阀构件240的平底形状，阀构件与凸起部分完全相符以在闸阀构件240完全降下时隔绝空气流。一定量的空气经过孔口260泄漏，并且通过孔口260的泄漏受到限定，其中该孔口260优选为1.27mm的孔。该孔口提供限定的泄漏并为闸阀构件的上下方向上的运动提供减震效果。
现在参见图25A和25B，将更详细地描述速度控制装置206的操作。首先就控制速度而言，应当理解可将任何特定的速度限度设定为上限，但是在该具体实施例中，将速度设定成控制在最大速度为25mph。
如图25A所示，速度检测器概略地示出为270，并且该速度检测器可以采用许多不同的结构。然而，例如，在该实施方式中，速度检测器是位于后轮附近的霍尔效应传感器，该霍尔效应速度传感器检测来自车轮速度的信号并且将该信息传送至发动机控制单元272。发动机控制单元272还与电磁阀274通信，电磁阀274又通过软管276连接于接头220。车辆速度被馈入发动机控制单元272。当打开时，电磁阀274和软管276可以使大气压力能够进入速度控制单元206的顶部并到达隔板242的顶侧。
在图25A的实施方式中，假设拖拉机以小于25mph的速度工作。该信息被馈入发动机控制单元272，发动机控制单元272使电磁阀274关闭。当操作者试图使速度增大时，发动机将在速度控制单元206的发动机侧产生真空压力P1。速度控制单元206的相反侧上的压力P2(图25A)较大，因此较大的压力P2作用在隔板242的底侧上并且使其向上提高。使隔板242顶侧上的空气能够通过排出孔260(图23)排出。
如果拖拉机达到25mph或更大的速度，并且如图25B所示，那么速度检测器270感测到该状态并且将运行速度大于25mph的信息发送至发动机控制单元272。接着，发动机控制单元272向电磁阀274发送信号，电磁阀274使大气能够通过软管276并且使大气压力能够通过接头220。这在隔板242的背侧上施加沿图25B中所示箭头的方向的力。这使隔板关闭并且使闸阀构件240移动至其最为限制性的位置进而使发动机得不到空气。
该状态使发动机控制单元认为其处于不同的工作条件下(例如，更高的海拔条件)，进而还调节诸如燃料输入之类的其它运行状态。速度控制单元206的最终结果是将车辆速度降低到等于或小于25mph的速度。排出孔260使得能够平稳地加速和减速而没有抖动。
虽然已经将本发明描述成具有示例性设计，但是可以在本公开的主旨和范围内进一步修改本发明。因此，本申请旨在涵盖利用本发明的一般原理的任何本发明的变型、用途或改型。此外，本申请旨在涵盖由本发明所属领域中的公知常识得出的偏离本公开的实施方式。

Claims (16)

1.一种车辆(2)，所述车辆(2)包括车辆框架(8)，座椅(10)以及邻近所述车辆框架的后部连接的座椅负载调节组件(42)，所述车辆框架(8)具有纵向中心线，其中，能够对于不同的驾驶者改变所述座椅上的反作用力，所述座椅负载调节组件包括多个闩锁元件(80)，其特征在于，所述座椅通过座椅高度调节机构(40)在邻近所述座椅的前部的枢转位置处相对于所述框架枢转地安装，所述座椅高度调节机构(40)包括邻近所述座椅的后部的闩锁机构(150)，所述闩锁机构包括闩锁卡爪(156)，其中，所述座椅能够绕着所述枢转位置相对于所述框架倾斜并且通过将所述座椅高度调节机构的所述闩锁卡爪选择性地联接至所述座椅负载调节组件的所述多个闩锁元件中的一个闩锁元件而保持在不同的倾斜高度。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述闩锁卡爪呈棘爪形式。
3.如权利要求1所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述闩锁元件位于定位在所述座椅负载调节组件的前部的板(60)中。
4.如权利要求1所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述闩锁卡爪被弹簧加载到常态闩锁位置。
5.如权利要求4所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述座椅高度调节机构包括连接于杆(152)的多个闩锁卡爪，其中，所述杆使所述闩锁卡爪从所述常态闩锁位置移出。
6.如权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述座椅高度调节机构与所述座椅负载调节组件配合以改变所述座椅的高度和所述座椅上的反作用负载中的一个或两个。
7.如权利要求5所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述座椅负载调节组件包括相对于所述车辆框架安装的负载框架(50)。
8.如权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述负载框架枢转地安装至所述车辆框架。
9.如权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述负载框架的后部枢转地安装至所述车辆框架并朝所述座椅向前延伸。
10.如权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述座椅和所述负载框架在所述座椅高度调节机构处相交。
11.如权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述座椅负载调节组件包括定位在所述车辆框架和所述负载框架之间的螺旋弹簧(52)或减震器(126)中的至少一个。
12.如权利要求11所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述座椅负载调节组件包括弹簧负载调节机构。
13.如权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述闩锁卡爪连接于邻近于所述座椅的后部定位的杆。
14.如权利要求12所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆是全地形车辆(ATV)，所述全地形车辆(ATV)包括安装在所述座椅的后方的后实用架(16)，所述后实用架定位在所述负载框架上方并且基本上覆盖所述负载框架，并且当所述实用架处于适当位置时能够接近所述杆和所述弹簧负载调节机构。
15.如权利要求14所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述座椅能够竖向移动至少30mm。
16.如权利要求14或15所述的车辆，其特征还在于具有座椅靠背(44)，所述座椅靠背(44)的特征在于所述座椅靠背能够纵向移动至少60mm。
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US20100019524A1 (en) 2010-01-28
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ZA201100187B (en) 2011-10-26
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AU2009274303A1 (en) 2010-01-28
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AU2009274303B2 (en) 2014-05-22
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US20130221699A1 (en) 2013-08-29
US8543306B2 (en) 2013-09-24
US9080514B2 (en) 2015-07-14
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US8930109B2 (en) 2015-01-06
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CA2728579A1 (en) 2010-01-28
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US20100023233A1 (en) 2010-01-28
US8430442B2 (en) 2013-04-30
EP2310228A1 (en) 2011-04-20
WO2010011491A9 (en) 2010-04-22
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AU2014210586A1 (en) 2014-08-28
HK1160424A1 (zh) 2012-08-17

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