CN102144464B - Method for inhibiting bud through bud in organic flue-cured tobacco production - Google Patents
Method for inhibiting bud through bud in organic flue-cured tobacco production Download PDFInfo
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- CN102144464B CN102144464B CN2010105799807A CN201010579980A CN102144464B CN 102144464 B CN102144464 B CN 102144464B CN 2010105799807 A CN2010105799807 A CN 2010105799807A CN 201010579980 A CN201010579980 A CN 201010579980A CN 102144464 B CN102144464 B CN 102144464B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for inhibiting a bud through a bud in organic flue-cured tobacco production, which comprises the steps of: topping during flower budding and center flower blooming of tobacco plants in a tobacco field, wherein 18-22 leaves are left for each tobacco plant during topping, and 1-2 leaflets are left below an inflorescence at the same time; and suckering when the axillary bud successively germinates to 5-10cm after topping, wherein 3-5cm of branch is reserved at the root of the tobacco branch. Compared with the traditional manual bud picking method, the method disclosed in the invention achieves the purpose of inhibiting the growth of the axillary bud, the bud picking can be reduced by 2-3 times per tobacco plant during the growth period in the field, the cost for labor is saved by 60-90 yuan per mu, the labor cost is averagely saved by 33-43%, the working efficiency of the organic flue-cured tobacco production is improved, and an effective method is provided for reducing the chemicals investment in the pollution-free, green flue-cured tobacco production or conventional flue-cured tobacco production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic farming cultivation management technology field, be specifically related in organic tobacco leaf planting to press down the method for bud with bud.
Background technology
Flue-cured tobacco is one of important economic crops of China's establishing in large scale, and Yunnan Province is the main producing region of national tobacco planting, is one of the mainstay industry in Yunnan.
Flue-cured tobacco is to be the raise crop of purpose with the picking leaves, so all cultivation steps all are to be the center to improve quality of tobacco, in the cured tobacco production the most distinct issues be the contradiction between output and the quality.Generally speaking output is high-quality more poor more, but is not that output is low-quality more just good more.Therefore in the cured tobacco production management, in constant rate of production,, be core to ensure the quality of products according to the characteristics of flue-cured tobacco cultivation.The consumption of after tobacco buddings, supporting part significantly increases, and nutrients flows to the top in a large number, and is thin with causing the middle and lower part tobacco leaf to lighten because of foster part is not enough if the cigarette strain is bloomed, so tobacco must be taked the measure of pinching.Receiving cigarette strain apical dominance to influence axillalry bud before pinching does not grow and is in latence; After the cigarette strain was pinched, owing to artificially removed the inhibitory action of apical growth element to axillalry bud, sharp Suo Pingheng changed; Axillalry bud then takes place from top to bottom in a large number; Grow into the wooden fork cigarette,, reduce yield of tobacco and quality lot of consumption leaf nutrient and moisture.Therefore bud picking is in time regulated to promote growth later stage tobacco plant nutrition after pinching, and improves the quality of tobacco proterties.The bud picking of pinching is important cultivation management measure in the cured tobacco production.
Theoretically, each axil has 2 accessory buds of 1 main bud, and each cigarette strain has more than 60 axillalry bud approximately, and the back axillalry bud of pinching constantly takes place, and pressing down bud or bud picking is one of important measures of flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops production management.But the bud method that presses down of prior art is divided into conventional artificial the bud method, does not promptly use chemical reagent and presses down bud, erases the tobacco leaf axillalry bud with hand fully; Adopt that artificial bud picking is general to be carried out once at interval in 5-7 days, whole growth needs bud picking more than 5 times season, takes a lot of work and time-consuming.Be exactly that conventional artificial presses down bud and method chemical that but bud combines in addition.It is the method that present western developed country and China's cigarette district cured tobacco production generally adopt that chemistry presses down bud; But chemistry presses down bud and promptly presses down the bud agent bud; It can remedy the time-consuming defective of artificial bud picking, still, and the biology and the product that in organic products production, do not allow to use the agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, growth regulator, gene engineering of any chemosynthesis to obtain; Therefore, exploring the artificial effective ways that press down bud of a kind of organic flue-cured tobacco is one of organic tobacco leaf development key technical measures.
Organic farming is resources conservation, the eco-friendly mode of production, to preserving the ecological environment, promote the agricultural sustainability development significant.Organic flue-cured tobacco is to abide by the organic farming production system; Can not use agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, weed killer herbicide, growth regulator, genetically engineered biological and the product thereof of any chemosynthesis in the production process; The present invention is putting exactly before this, and exploratory development is a kind of to be pressed down the effective not only saving of labor of bud method but also economize the method for taking than conventional artificial in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is to overcome prior art the conventional artificial that adopts in the production process of organic flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops is pressed down bud method to take a lot of work and time-consuming technological deficiency and deficiency; Its objective is physiological mechanism, propose effectively to press down in a kind of organic cured tobacco production the method for bud with bud according to cigarette strain growth characteristic and axillary bud sprouting growth.The present invention is the summary and the lifting of long term production, is the important technology guarantee of organic cured tobacco production.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the method that presses down bud with bud in a kind of organic cured tobacco production provided by the present invention is:
(1) pinch: budding in the strain of vega cigarette and pinch during putting to the flowers are in blossom at cigarette strain center, under inflorescence, stay 1～2 leaflet when pinching, every strain cigarette stays 18～22 of the numbers of sheets;
(2) smear wooden fork and press down bud: treat after pinching that axillalry bud smears wooden fork during germination and growth to 5～10 centimetre successively, keep the wooden fork bar of 3～5 centimetre lengths when smearing wooden fork at cigarette wooden fork base portion.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention is according to the mutual inhibition of the germination and growth between plant growing apical dominance, main bud and the accessory bud and the interactively of promotion; The wooden fork bar of 3～5 centimetre lengths that keep when smearing wooden fork can continue slow growth; Thereby absorb the germination and growth that a small amount of nutrient suppresses accessory bud, thereby make the number of times that has reduced artificial bud picking in the production of flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops.This method is compared with the artificial bud picking method of existing tradition; Not only suppress the growth of axillalry bud but also can reduce bud picking 2-3 time at the every strain flue-cured tobacco of field growth period; Reached saving man-hour, the purpose that reduces production costs has been saved recruitment number of times 2-3 for average every mu; Save labour costs 60-90 unit, save labour costs 33.3-42.9% for average every mu.
2, the present invention is simple to operation rationally, and tobacco grower's easy master has improved the operating efficiency of organic cured tobacco production.
3, the present invention also is that nuisanceless, green cured tobacco production or conventional cured tobacco production minimizing chemicals input provides a kind of effective method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described, embodiment only is for example, is not construed as limiting the invention.
Below each embodiment pinch; Smearing wooden fork or bud picking all is that manual work is pinched and wooden fork or bud picking are smeared in manual work; So-called manual work is pinched and wooden fork is smeared in manual work or bud picking can be with tool scissors smoke abatement strain tops such as secateurs, cut the tobacco leaf axillalry bud, also can directly cast aside the strain top of giving up smoking, directly cast aside the axil bud of giving up smoking with hand with hand.
Embodiment 1
The present invention tests raw material portion of cigarette industrial group organic leaf tobacco production base in Yunnan, place, is positioned at La Wu township, Binchuan County, state, Dali, Yunnan Province.
Test material: flue-cured tobacco cultivars is NC297, squaring period; Tool using is secateurs (commercially available prod).
Concrete measure: budding to cigarette strain center that the flowers are in blossom and put row in the strain of vega cigarette and pinch; Generally pinch at dusk at fine day, under inflorescence, stay 1 leaflet (following of this inflorescence stays 1～2 leaflet not calculate staying in 22 of the numbers of sheets at every strain cigarette) when pinching, every strain cigarette stays 22 of the numbers of sheets simultaneously; Treat after pinching that axillalry bud smears wooden fork successively during germination and growth to 10 centimetre; Simultaneously stay 5 centimetres of wooden fork bars, smeared wooden fork once, totally 3 times in 10 days at interval at cigarette wooden fork base portion.Contrast with the field comparative trial, treats that axillalry bud grows the beginning bud picking for traditional manual work bud picking of pinching after pinching, 5 days 1 time at interval, amount to bud picking 6 times.
Embodiment 2
The test place: in the Yunnan raw material portion of cigarette industrial group organic leaf tobacco production base, is positioned at La Wu township, Binchuan County, state, Dali, Yunnan Province.
Test material and method: flue-cured tobacco cultivars is NC196: the flowers are in blossom at the center puts, and pinches, smears wooden fork directly by hand.
Concrete measure: remove that every strain cigarette stays 21 on tobacco leaf when pinching, under inflorescence, stay 2 leaflets simultaneously, treat after pinching that axillalry bud smears wooden fork during germination and growth to 5 centimetre successively with simultaneously outside cigarette wooden fork base portion keeps 3 centimetres of wooden fork bars, all the other measures are identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more.Contrast with the field comparative trial, treats that axillalry bud grows the beginning bud picking for traditional manual work bud picking of pinching after pinching, bud picking 7 days 1 time at interval amounts to 5 times.
Embodiment 3
The test place: in the Yunnan raw material portion of cigarette industrial group organic leaf tobacco production base, is positioned at La Wu township, Binchuan County, state, Dali, Yunnan Province.
Test material and method: flue-cured tobacco cultivars is the big gold dollar of safflower: the flowers are in blossom at the center puts, and pinches, prunes directly by hand.
Concrete measure: remove that every strain cigarette stays 18 on tobacco leaf when pinching, under inflorescence, stay 2 leaflets simultaneously, treat after pinching that axillalry bud smears wooden fork during germination and growth to 8 centimetre successively and stay simultaneously outside 4 centimetres of wooden fork bars, all the other measures are identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more.Contrast with the field comparative trial, treats that axillalry bud grows the beginning bud picking for traditional manual work bud picking of pinching after pinching, bud picking 5 days 1 time at interval amounts to 6 times.
Above embodiment pinches, and smears wooden fork or bud picking and effect and relatively sees table 1 for details.
The effect of table 1 the present invention and the artificial bud picking method of existing tradition relatively
* the recruitment working hour expense calculates with local average price, 30 yuan/day of each workers.
The result of embodiment shows:
1, bud inhibition effect of the present invention is good, compares with the artificial bud method that presses down of tradition, has obviously reduced the number of times of bud picking, has saved recruitment number of times 2-3 for average every mu, saves labour costs 60-90 unit for every mu, accounts for the 33.3-42.9% of labour costs.
2, the present invention is simple to operation rationally, and tobacco grower's easy master has improved the operating efficiency of organic cured tobacco production.
Claims (1)
1. the method that presses down bud in the organic cured tobacco production with bud is buddingged in the strain of vega cigarette and to be pinched during putting to the flowers are in blossom at cigarette strain center, and every strain cigarette stays 18～22 of the numbers of sheets when pinching, and it is characterized in that:
Except that every strain cigarette stays 18～22 of the numbers of sheets, under inflorescence, stay 1～2 leaflet when (1) pinching;
(2) smear wooden fork and press down bud, treat after pinching that axillalry bud smears wooden fork during germination and growth to 5～10 centimetre successively, keep the wooden fork bar of 3～5 centimetre lengths when smearing wooden fork at cigarette wooden fork base portion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010105799807A CN102144464B (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Method for inhibiting bud through bud in organic flue-cured tobacco production |
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| CN2010105799807A CN102144464B (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Method for inhibiting bud through bud in organic flue-cured tobacco production |
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| CN102144464A CN102144464A (en) | 2011-08-10 |
| CN102144464B true CN102144464B (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103141264B (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-08-20 | 中国科学技术大学 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method |
| CN104429446B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-09-14 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco hierarchical organization method of adjustment |
| CN104255324A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-07 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Application method of tobacco axillary bud growth inhibition agents |
| CN104885771B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-03-13 | 重庆精深农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cured tobacco leaf implantation methods |
| CN106069262A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco is pinched method |
| CN106472138B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2020-10-20 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | Management method for optimizing chemical composition of K326 tobacco leaves and improving quality of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN114651691A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-24 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Top end regulation and control method for tobacco in later growth period |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779555A (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2010-07-21 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司武隆分公司 | Method for keeping branch tobaccos in tobaccos |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779555A (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2010-07-21 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司武隆分公司 | Method for keeping branch tobaccos in tobaccos |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 申宴斌等.不同留叶数对烤烟新品种NC297生长及产质量的影响.《中国烟草科学》.2009,第30卷(第6期),第57-60，64页. * |
| 马聪等.气候过渡型烟区优质烤烟标准化生产关键技术.《中国农学通报》.2004,第20卷(第3期),第258-260页. * |
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