CN106069262A - A kind of flue-cured tobacco is pinched method - Google Patents
A kind of flue-cured tobacco is pinched method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069262A CN106069262A CN201610573429.9A CN201610573429A CN106069262A CN 106069262 A CN106069262 A CN 106069262A CN 201610573429 A CN201610573429 A CN 201610573429A CN 106069262 A CN106069262 A CN 106069262A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flue-cured tobacco to pinch method, it is characterized in that: when pinching, remove invalid blade and the inflorescence on smoke abatement strain top, retain effective blade, retain the cane of joint position, at least 2, effective blade upper end simultaneously.The flue-cured tobacco of the present invention is pinched method, owing to remaining cigarette strain top children's tender stem bar, the top children's tender stem bar tissue making cigarette strain plays certain apical dominance effect, so that cigarette strain self scalable growth potential, reduces the nicotine of upper leaf and leaf weight of remained, improves the aesthetic quality of upper leaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, particularly relate to a kind of flue-cured tobacco and pinch method.
Background technology
Nicotiana tabacum L. (Nicotiana tabacum) is Solanaceae Nicotiana annual herb plant, and root system can synthesize nicotine, plant height
1～3 meter.Stem is upright, and each axil has axillalry bud, all can sprout into branch.Leaf alternate, helical arrangement.Nicotiana tabacum L. is on plant
Inserted part can be divided into five: cigarette strain bottom 2～3 leaves are referred to as foot leaf；Upwards 3～4 leaves are referred to as lower two canopy leaves；Middle part 6
～8 leaves are referred to as waist leaf；Middle part 3～4 leaves upwards are referred to as upper two canopy leaves；Cigarette strain top 3～4 leaves are referred to as top.Foot leaf
Being collectively referred to as again inferior leads with lower two canopy leaves, upper two canopy leaves and top are collectively referred to as upper leaf, and waist leaf is also known as middle leaf.The inflorescence of Nicotiana tabacum L.
For coniform cyme, calyx is bell, is a kind of definite inflorescence, and wherein, a middle disc flower on floral axis top first opens, and therefore leads
The growth of floral axis is restricted, and by side floral axis continued growth, but be also that poppyhead first opens on the floral axis of side, therefore its order bloomed
For from top to bottom or from inside to outside.General flue-cured tobacco cultivars needs 45～60 days from being transplanted to budding, and needs 7～10 from buddingging to blooming
My god.
Nicotiana tabacum L., as the raw material of Medicated cigarette, is the basis of tobacco business, and quality of tobacco directly affects the quality of cigarette product.Cigarette
Grass is affected very big as a kind of crop, yield of tobacco and grade by kind, ecological condition and production technology, and the most normal Nicotiana tabacum L. is raw
Produce upper leaf ratio about 40%, middle leaf about 35%, inferior leads about 25%.Therefore, upper tobacco leaf be yield of flue-cured tobacco and
The important component part of quality.Medicated cigarette adjusted structure to make Cigarette Industrial Enterprise bigger than normal to the demand of better-than-average Nicotiana tabacum L., especially in recent years
It is that the demand to first-class Nicotiana tabacum L. has exceeded 50%.But in normal leaf tobacco production, first-class Nicotiana tabacum L. accounts for the 35%～40% of total output, in
Account for the 45%～50% of total output on Nicotiana tabacum L., and low inferior Nicotiana tabacum L. accounts for the 10%～15% of total output.Visible, to first-class Nicotiana tabacum L.
Demand is the biggest with the difference producing reality.But, only minority upper leaf can reach first-class succi Nicotiana tabacum L. put down.The matter that upper blade exists
Amount problem mainly has: blade is partially thick, organizational structure is tight, nicotine content is higher, reducing sugar and sugar alkali is than low, intrinsic chemical composition
After inharmonious, roasting, pornographic movie blue veins, dust and variegated phenomenon are serious.So, upper tobacco leaf is used ratio the most relatively low by cigarette industry,
The demand proposing upper tobacco leaf is only 20%～30%, about 40% occupied not as good as actual production middle and upper part leaf far away
Ratio, causes Nicotiana tabacum L. producing region to have substantial amounts of upper tobacco leaf to digest.Therefore, how research improves upper leaf quality, to raising
The oeverall quality of Nicotiana tabacum L. and economic benefit tool are of great significance.
Flue-cured tobacco is pinched and is referred to when cigarette strain grows into the certain number of blade of formation or Post flowering excision terminal bud and the cultivation of alabastrum
Technology.Pinch and can break apical growth advantage, remove invalid blade (blade being i.e. worth without industrial application), promote that root system is sent out
Educate, and make nutrient be delivered to blade, thus promote the growth promoter of effective Nicotiana tabacum L., the growing way of the most adjustable Tobacco Control strain, alleviate
Disease pest endangers.Therefore, the flue-cured tobacco technology of pinching be flue-cured tobacco cultivation management during improve quality and yield important production measure it
One.But, nicotine mainly synthesizes in young tender new root, and pinches and can promote root system development, can make containing of nicotine so pinching
Amount raises, and pinches more early, and the content of nicotine is the highest.
In order to reduce the nicotine content of upper blade, the method that current cured tobacco production is taked be mainly have following several:
One is to enhance field management, and suitably reduces the use of nitrogenous fertilizer, increases planting density and focus on moisture at later stages
Supply, but be likely to result in yield and decline, under current purchase policy, it is easily caused first-class cigarette ratio reduces.
Two is gathering and baking method of employing science, and upper leaf disposably cuts roasting technology can significantly improve upper leaf outward appearance
Quality and grade, the orange cigarette of Nicotiana tabacum L. produced is many, and blue veins, dust, variegated cigarette reduce, but upper leaf is disposably cut roasting technology and increased
Add baking operation fashionable dress cigarette difficulty and barn off-capacity；Or top 2～3 leaves are abandoned roasting, to improving better-than-average ratio, adjusts
Whole Nicotiana tabacum L. structure function is obvious, but still can not fully meet industrial requirement, causes yield to reduce simultaneously and tobacco grower takes in minimizing.
Three is to use growth regulatory substance, and the use of growth regulating material can effectively facilitate upper leaf and hack, and fall alkali increases potassium,
Improve upper leaf quality and fragrance, but still upper leaf morphological characteristic can not be changed, the use of special cigarette industry upper leaf, with
Middle leaf quality still has gap.
Four be use and beat Ye Liuhua, Ji Dangyanzhu center the flowers are in blossom and put after, by unnecessary blade and bud or flower below middle disc flower
Wadding is destroyed, and retains a middle disc flower.Or use and stay colored bagging, the flowers are in blossom at i.e. 50% center top plastic sleeve pocket when putting.Both skills
Art can improve middle leaf ratio, reduces upper leaf ratio, make that upper leaf flue gas is fine and smooth, concentration and strength moderate, fragrance style and
Aroma quality is good, and miscellaneous QI is relatively light, effectively improves upper leaf quality, improves upper leaf availability.But due to center, top Semen arachidis hypogaeae
Length can consume nutrient, causes a certain degree of underproduction；Beating Ye Liuhua causes tobacco grower certainly to reserve seed for planting, to tobacco seed purity with management not
Profit.It addition, the plastic bag later stage pollutes the environment with remaining in cigarette.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of flue-cured tobacco to pinch method.The present invention provides
Flue-cured tobacco method of pinching uses " beat leaf and stay stem " technology, and i.e. reservation cigarette strain top children's tender stem bar, makes top children's tender stem bar group of cigarette strain
Knit and play certain apical dominance effect, so that cigarette strain self scalable growth potential, reduce upper leaf nicotine and the food value of leaf
Weight, the effect of raising upper leaf aesthetic quality.
The present invention solves technical problem, adopt the following technical scheme that
The flue-cured tobacco method of pinching of the present invention is: removes invalid blade and the inflorescence on smoke abatement strain top when pinching, retains effective leaf
Sheet, retains the cane of joint position, at least 2, effective blade upper end simultaneously.Described effective blade be in cigarette strain autonomous basal part of stem rise by under
On and 18～22 blades；Described invalid blade is the rest blade in addition to effective blade in cigarette strain.The present invention provides
Flue-cured tobacco is pinched method, may be simply referred to as " beat leaf and stay stem " technology.
As preferably, described in the flowers are in blossom to be that the flowers are in blossom at flue-cured tobacco center put time of pinching front 7 Tian Zhi centers put in latter 7 days any
Moment.
The flowers are in blossom at center puts calyx and the acute opening of corolla of disc flower in finger, exposes the phenomenon of gynoecium and stamen.The flowers are in blossom at center
Put the front gynoecium referring to middle disc flower in 7 days and stamen expose before 7 days, the flowers are in blossom at center puts the rear gynoecium referring to middle disc flower in 7 days and stamen dew
After going out 7 days.
When alabastrum occurs in cigarette strain growth, it is put into generative growth phase.Now nutrient substance flows to top in a large number, as being allowed to
Yielding positive results, middle and lower part Nicotiana tabacum L. then can become thin and lightweight because nutrient is not enough, and upper blade also both can become because nutrient is not enough
Little the thinnest, cause quality of tobacco to decline.The most just reply cigarette strain carries out " beat leaf and stay stem ", makes cigarette strain concentrate nutrient supply blade raw
Long, grow completely to upper middle leaf and create conditions, increase the accumulation of dry.And the flowers are in blossom at the center of flue-cured tobacco put before 7 days in
Disc flower in open latter 7 days any instant " beat leaf and stay stem " leaves remained can be fully ensured that, top children's tender stem bar guarantor of cigarette strain simultaneously
Hold certain apical dominance and the synthesis of Endogenous auxin of cigarette strain, regulated and controled Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco sheet growth promoter, suppress axillalry bud
And the growth of root, thus reduce the generation of nicotine, reduce the content of nicotine in Nicotiana tabacum L., coordinate Nicotiana tabacum L. intrinsic chemical composition,
Improve the quality of Nicotiana tabacum L. especially upper leaf.
The present invention is the method for pinching using flue-cured tobacco " to beat leaf and stay stem " first both at home and abroad.I.e. at flue-cured tobacco center, the flowers are in blossom puts (see
Before and after Fig. 1) 7 days, the invalid blade in cigarette strain top and inflorescence are got rid of, retains cigarette strain effective blade 18-22 sheet and at least 2 joints
The young tender stem bar (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3) of position.
Pinch mode according to traditional flue-cured tobacco, be stem to be cut off, by upper blade and flower in top effective leaf position
Sequence directly removes (see Fig. 4), it means that eliminate the growing point on cigarette strain stem.And once the growing point on stem is gone
Removing, stem apical dominance is destroyed, and can promote axillalry bud and root system development, thus cause the content of nicotine to raise.Now in order to keep away
Exempt from increasing of " pinching " nicotine content in tobacco leaf afterwards, it will usually by using growth regulatory substance, retain the apical dominance of stem,
The rising of suppression nicotine content in tobacco leaf.
The present invention with the main distinction of existing technology of pinching is: existing " pinching " technology is direct at the effective leaf of top
Cutting off cane, the present invention then remains one section 2 or more than 2 the young tender stem bars saving position.Children's tender stem bar tissue plays necessarily
Apical dominance effect, thus inhibit to a certain extent and stimulate the phenomenon of axillalry bud and root system development because of " pinching ", decrease
The synthesis of nicotine in root system, reduces the content of nicotine in Nicotiana tabacum L., improves the quality of Nicotiana tabacum L..
The present invention uses " beat leaf and stay stem " flue-cured tobacco to pinch technology, changes flue-cured tobacco tradition and pinches technology, makes upper leaf have
The feature of middle part Nicotiana tabacum L. and quality, reduce Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco ratio, increases middle leaf ratio, improves upper leaf cigarette composition valency
Value, meets industry Medicated cigarette and adjusts the structure demand to better-than-average Nicotiana tabacum L., have actual application value in China's cured tobacco production.
Meanwhile, " beat leaf and stay stem " technology of the present invention overcomes again in existing " beating Ye Liuhua " technology due to disc flower in top
A certain degree of underproduction problem that growth can consume nutrient and cause.
" beat leaf and stay stem " flue-cured tobacco method of pinching that the present invention provides is applicable to existing each flue-cured tobacco growing district, uses the present invention's
Pinch method, coordinate field management and the bakings of gathering such as conventional sowing, transplanting, planting density, fertilising, cultivation and banking, leaves remained
Roasting method, i.e. can reach the effect improving Nicotiana tabacum L. upper leaf quality.
The flue-cured tobacco that the present invention provides is pinched method, reduces the content of upper tobacco leaf nicotine, improves Nicotiana tabacum L. and especially go up
The quality of portion's leaf.Experiment shows: the flue-cured tobacco using the present invention to provide is pinched method, carries out the upper tobacco leaf in the Nicotiana tabacum L. of cultivation
Identifying, roasting upper back quality of tobacco significantly improves, and has middle part quality of tobacco feature, improves flue-cured tobacco upper tobacco leaf industry and can use
Property.Testing result proves: the flue-cured tobacco using the present invention to provide is pinched method, and upper blade organizational structure is loosened, and leaf weight of remained declines,
Nicotine content reduces, and judging parameter substantially changes in indexs such as odor type, sweet sense, aroma quality, perfume quantity, flue gas sophistication and pleasant impressions
Kind, flue gas concentration and strength decline, oral stimulation is unchanged and suitable with middle leaf quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is that the flowers are in blossom at flue-cured tobacco center when putting, wherein: 1 shows middle disc flower, and 2 show flower, 3 show time floral axis, and 4 show master
Floral axis, 5 show stem, and 6 show invalid blade, and 7 show effective blade, and 8 show upper leaf；
Fig. 2 pinches the schematic diagram of technology for " beat leaf and stay stem " flue-cured tobacco, and wherein: 1 shows middle disc flower, 2 show main floral axis, and 3 show stem,
4 show invalid blade, and 5 show invalid inflorescence；Wherein, pinch for " beat leaf and stay stem " flue-cured tobacco in 1 shown in dotted line, 2,4 and 5 needs in method
The part removed；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram after cigarette strain " is beaten leaf and stayed stem ", wherein: 1 shows stem and reserve section position, and 2 show effective blade；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram after cigarette strain " routine is pinched ", and wherein: 1 shows stem, 2 show effective blade.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides a kind of flue-cured tobacco to pinch method, those skilled in the art can use for reference present disclosure, be suitably modified
Technological parameter realizes.Special needs to be pointed out is, all similar replacements and change be for a person skilled in the art aobvious and
Being clear to, they are considered as being included in the present invention.Method and the application of the present invention are carried out by preferred embodiment
Describing, method described herein and application substantially can be carried out in without departing from present invention, spirit and scope by related personnel
Change or suitably change and combination, realize and apply the technology of the present invention.
The present invention is expanded on further below in conjunction with embodiment.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 1 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
Open first 7 days of disc flower, pinches to experiment cigarette strain by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", removes invalid blade and the flower on smoke abatement strain top
Sequence, retains effective blade 18, retains the cane of joint position, 2, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.Comparison the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center put before 7 days, beat by traditional method
Top, removes the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stays effective blade 18.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 2 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
When disc flower opens, by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", experiment cigarette strain is pinched, remove invalid blade and the inflorescence on smoke abatement strain top, protect
Stay effective blade 18, retain the cane of joint position, 4, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.When compareing that the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center puts, pinch by traditional method,
Remove the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stay effective blade 18.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 3 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
Open latter 7 days of disc flower, pinches to experiment cigarette strain by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", removes invalid blade and the flower on smoke abatement strain top
Sequence, retains effective blade 18, retains the cane of joint position, 6, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.Comparison the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center put after 7 days, beat by traditional method
Top, removes the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stays effective blade 18.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 4 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
Open first 7 days of disc flower, pinches to experiment cigarette strain by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", removes invalid blade and the flower on smoke abatement strain top
Sequence, retains effective blade 20, retains the cane of joint position, 2, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.Comparison the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center put before 7 days, beat by traditional method
Top, removes the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stays effective blade 20.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 5 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
When disc flower opens, by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", experiment cigarette strain is pinched, remove invalid blade and the inflorescence on smoke abatement strain top, protect
Stay effective blade 20, retain the cane of joint position, 4, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.When compareing that the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center puts, pinch by traditional method,
Remove the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stay effective blade 20.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 6 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
Open latter 7 days of disc flower, pinches to experiment cigarette strain by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", removes invalid blade and the flower on smoke abatement strain top
Sequence, retains effective blade 20, retains the cane of joint position, 6, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.Comparison the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center put after 7 days, beat by traditional method
Top, removes the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stays effective blade 20.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 7 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
Open first 7 days of disc flower, pinches to experiment cigarette strain by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", removes invalid blade and the flower on smoke abatement strain top
Sequence, retains effective blade 22, retains the cane of joint position, 2, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.Comparison the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center put before 7 days, beat by traditional method
Top, removes the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stays effective blade 22.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 8 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
When disc flower opens, by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", experiment cigarette strain is pinched, remove invalid blade and the inflorescence on smoke abatement strain top, protect
Stay effective blade 22, retain the cane of joint position, 4, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.When compareing that the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center puts, pinch by traditional method,
Remove the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stay effective blade 22.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
Method of pinching " beaten leaf and stays stem " by embodiment 9 flue-cured tobacco
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
Open latter 7 days of disc flower, pinches to experiment cigarette strain by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", removes invalid blade and the flower on smoke abatement strain top
Sequence, retains effective blade 22, retains the cane of joint position, 6, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Consistent cigarette strain 20 strain of strain growing way length is as comparison cigarette strain.Comparison the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center put after 7 days, beat by traditional method
Top, removes the invalid leaf in top (including cane) and inflorescence, stays effective blade 22.
Use local usual manner gather and toast with compareing cigarette strain experiment cigarette strain, take the experiment cigarette strain after baking and right
Upper blade according to cigarette strain carries out quality determination.
The detection of the various embodiments described above quality of tobacco and evaluation methodology:
The detection method of nicotine content uses U.S.'s heat production electricity Antaris II ft-nir spectrometer to measure.
Leaf is thick, the assay method of leaf quality is 30 Nicotiana tabacum Lves of random choose, leans at the middle part of every leaf with sharp blade
Cutting the smoked sheet of two panels 3cm × 3cm at nearly vein, with 30 thickness of vernier caliper measurement, then it is thick to be calculated as monolithic leaf.Then exist
75 DEG C dry to constant weight, and after weighing, unit of account leaf area weight, is leaf weight of remained.
Aesthetic quality: Nicotiana tabacum L. is rolled respectively growth 70mm, the Medicated cigarette of circumference 27.5mm, smoke panel test by Medicated cigarette smoke panel test expert by
Table 1 method uses blind comments mode to carry out qualification of smokeing panel test, and evaluates odor type, sweet sense, aroma quality, perfume quantity, miscellaneous QI, sophistication, dense altogether
Degree, strength, zest and 10 indexs of pleasant impression.
The score value scale of table 1 Nicotiana tabacum L. sensory evaluating smoking's mass
Interpretation of result:
From table 2, it is upper with what tradition " pinching " technology produced that technology of pinching " beaten leaf and stay stem " by the flue-cured tobacco that the present invention provides
Portion's Nicotiana tabacum L. is compared, and the upper tobacco leaf nicotine content using " beat leaf and stay stem " to process reduces by 5.5%～8.2%, averagely reduces
7.1%；And it is the most to show as reserve section position, the range of decrease is the biggest.The loose softness of organizational structure, leaf weight of remained declines 9.8%～12.8%,
Average decline 11.2%；And show as retaining the position the biggest drop of 4 joints.Vane thickness thinning 16.2%～19.9%, averagely
Lower thickness 18.6%；And it is the most to show as reserve section position, the thinning range of decrease of vane thickness is the biggest.
From table 3, use the upper tobacco leaf judging parameter that " beat leaf and stay stem " processes at odor type, sweet sense, aroma quality, fragrance
The index such as amount, flue gas sophistication and pleasant impression is obviously improved, and flue gas concentration and strength decline, oral stimulation is unchanged, and with in
Portion's leaf quality is suitable；Total score of smokeing panel test improves 0.7%～7.6%, averagely improves 4.6%；And it is the most to show as reserve section position, improve
Amplitude is the biggest.
Table 2 test cigarette strain with compare the nicotine of cigarette strain upper leaf, leaf weight of remained and leaf thickness measure and compare
Table 3 is tested cigarette strain and is compareed sensory evaluating smoking's result of cigarette strain upper leaf
Embodiment 10 " beat leaf and stay stem " and the comparison of " beating Ye Liuhua "
Experiment cigarette is selected good strains in the field for seed from Chinese University of Science and Technology's experimental station, and test sets 3 repetitions, carries out 3 communities, every community 20 strain.In
When disc flower opens, by the method for " beat leaf and stay stem ", experiment cigarette strain is pinched, remove invalid blade and the inflorescence on smoke abatement strain top, protect
Stay effective blade 20, retain the cane of joint position, 4, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Another in same plot, take the production managemenies such as kind, transplanting time, fertilising, planting density, leaves remained consistent, and cigarette
Cigarette strain 20 strain that strain growing way length is consistent, when compareing that the flowers are in blossom at Yan Zhu center puts, pinches, in removal by the method for " beating Ye Liuhua "
The invalid leaf in portion and inflorescence, only retain the middle disc flower in 1, top, stay effective blade 20.
" beat leaf and stay stem " cigarette strain and " beating Ye Liuhua " cigarette strain use local usual manner gather and toast, statistics yield and
The output value, and upper blade is carried out quality determination.Quality of tobacco detection and evaluation methodology are ibid.
Table 4 " beat leaf and stay stem " measures with " beating Ye Liuhua " cigarette strain yield, the output value and the nicotine of upper leaf, leaf weight of remained and leaf thickness
Relatively
Table 5 " beat leaf and stay stem " and sensory evaluating smoking's result of " beating Ye Liuhua " cigarette strain upper leaf
Interpretation of result:
From table 4-5, the flue-cured tobacco that the present invention provides " is beaten leaf and is stayed stem " technology of pinching and " beating Ye Liuhua " and pinches technology phase
Ratio, yield of tobacco improves 26.16kg/666.7m2, the output value increase by 892.53 yuan/666.7m2, obvious difference；But upper leaf tissue
It is slightly worse that short texture pliability and sensory evaluating smoking's ratio " beat Ye Liuhua " and pinch technology, shows that leaf weight of remained and leaf thickness are higher, miscellaneous QI,
Sophistication and strength score are on the low side.Therefore, for quality of tobacco is weighed mutually with economic benefit, the flue-cured tobacco that the present invention provides " is beaten
Leaf stays stem " technology of pinching more promotional value.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a flue-cured tobacco is pinched method, it is characterised in that: remove invalid blade and the inflorescence on smoke abatement strain top when pinching, retain effectively
Blade, retains the cane of joint position, at least 2, effective blade upper end simultaneously.
Flue-cured tobacco the most according to claim 1 is pinched method, it is characterised in that: described effective blade is autonomous stem foot in cigarette strain
18 from bottom to top～22 blades play in portion；Described invalid blade is the rest blade in addition to effective blade in cigarette strain.
Flue-cured tobacco the most according to claim 1 is pinched method, it is characterised in that the time pinched described in: is that the flowers are in blossom at flue-cured tobacco center
Put front 7 Tian Zhi centers the flowers are in blossom and put any time in latter 7 days.
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| CN114651691A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-24 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Top end regulation and control method for tobacco in later growth period |
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