CN108552047A - The selection that a kind of flue-cured tobacco is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes - Google Patents
The selection that a kind of flue-cured tobacco is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes Download PDFInfo
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- CN108552047A CN108552047A CN201810247967.8A CN201810247967A CN108552047A CN 108552047 A CN108552047 A CN 108552047A CN 201810247967 A CN201810247967 A CN 201810247967A CN 108552047 A CN108552047 A CN 108552047A
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- flue
- nitrogen
- cured tobacco
- quality
- joss stick
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
The selection that high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes the invention discloses a kind of flue-cured tobacco, includes the following steps：(1) it is female parent with high-quality high-quality slender joss stick flue-cured tobacco cultivars, using the flue-cured tobacco efficiently utilized to nitrogen as male parent, hybridizes to obtain F1 generation seed；(2) winter current year carries out south numerous added-generation, and selfing obtains F2 for seed；(3) F2 segregating generations are planted in low fertility plot in selecting, wherein amount of nitrogen is less than the production normal usage of local sound tobacco；(4) it harvests Flue-cured and carries out single plant and smoke panel test, filter out judging parameter aroma quality and the preferable single plant of perfume quantity；(5) single plant of step (4) screening is planted by step (3) and is selected at group, then by step (4)；(6) step (5) is repeated until strain is stablized, the present invention can rapidly and accurately select the flue-cured tobacco new lines that high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes from filial generation, it is insufficient to solve existing flue-cured tobacco cultivars aroma quality, perfume quantity, the problems such as fertilizer utilization efficiency is not high.
Description
Technical field
The choosing that high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes the invention belongs to Tobacco Genetic Breeding technical field more particularly to a kind of flue-cured tobacco
Educate method.
Background technology
Tabacco fragrance is an important factor for weighing its quality and availability.Compared with international advanced production cigarette country, at present I
Outstanding problem existing for state's quality of tobacco is that aroma quality is poor, perfume quantity is insufficient.It improves tabacco fragrance, improve tobacco leaf flavor and taste, at
For the main direction of China's tobacco leaf production.Kind is to improve the basis of tobacco production and value, is the most important factor for influencing tobacco aroma.
Therefore, the high fragrance new flue-cured tobacco varieties of selection and breeding, to meeting the raw materials requirement of Chinese-style cigarette brand, ensureing the sustainable development of sound tobacco
Exhibition has great importance, and also has become emphasis and the task of top priority of China's tobacco breeding work.
Nitrogen is to influence tobacco growing development, yield and the most important nutrient of quality, China tobacco planting area position
It is at the forefront in the world, but utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is less than world average level, and the loss of farmland nitrogenous fertilizer can not only reduce agricultural economy effect
Benefit can also cause soil acidification, hardened, water body polluted by nitrogen, restrict agricultural sustainable development.General nitrogen is efficiently existed using crop
Still with the ability for keeping normal growth, biological yield and normally for being approached under the conditions of nitrogen when nitrogen nutrient concentration is low.It is logical
It crosses the good nitrogen of breeding high-yield and efficiently utilizes tobacco bred, fully excavate the gene potentiality of crop itself, be to improve nitrogen profit
With a kind of effective way of efficiency.
102657076 A of Patent document number CN, disclosing one kind having high fragrance, and miscellaneous gas is light, tobacco hybridization in good taste
Producing method for seed, by being female parent with kind horse ear cigarette of suncuring tabacco, flue-cured tobacco cultivars Bi Na 1 carries out artificial hybridization for male parent, collects miscellaneous
Kind F1 is new lines Y28.Y28 has the characteristics that high fragrance.But since suncured tabacco kind horse ear cigarette modulation system is in the invention
Drying, causes its offspring Y28 to be not easy to toast, and low output, tobacco grower's economic benefit is relatively low.
105340449 A of Patent document number CN disclose a kind of fertilizing method improving nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco utilization rate, pass through
Site preparation basal dressing, is applied and carries seed manure, apply foliar fertilizer, spraying fertilizer, apply the fertilizing methods such as balance fertilizer to improve flue-cured tobacco nitrogen the transplanting of band liquid manure
Plain utilization rate.The invention mainly improves nitrogen utilization efficiency by fertilizing method, does not excavate the gene potentiality of crop itself fully,
Fail inherently to improve the utilization ratio of tobacco nitrogen.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：The selection that a kind of flue-cured tobacco is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes is provided, with
The target strain that high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes rapidly and accurately is selected from filial generation, to solve existing flue-cured tobacco cultivars fragrance
The problems such as matter, perfume quantity are insufficient, and fertilizer utilization efficiency is not high.
The technical scheme is that：The selection that a kind of flue-cured tobacco is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes, includes the following steps：
(1) it is female parent with high-quality high-quality slender joss stick flue-cured tobacco cultivars, using the flue-cured tobacco efficiently utilized to nitrogen as male parent, hybridizes to obtain F1 generation kind
Son；
(2) winter current year carries out south numerous added-generation, and selfing obtains F2 for seed；
(3) F2 segregating generations are planted in low fertility plot in selecting, wherein amount of nitrogen is less than the production of local sound tobacco
Normal usage, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are administered by local sound tobacco production normal usage；
(4) it harvests Flue-cured and carries out single plant and smoke panel test, compared, sieved with the same preferable flue-cured tobacco cultivars of position aroma quality
It selects judging parameter aroma quality and perfume quantity is better than or is equivalent to the single plant of control flue-cured tobacco cultivars, plant division bagging axillary bud is reserved seed for planting；
(5) strain is planted：The single plant of (4) screening is planted by step (3) and is selected at group, then by step (4)；
(6) step (5) is repeated until strain is stablized, you can screens high-quality slender joss stick and flue-cured tobacco new lines that nitrogen efficiently utilizes.
In the step (4), 170~190 centimetres of plant height is selected in field, natural leave the piece number 25~28,
Pinch 110~120 centimetres of plant height, can picking leaves the piece number 20~22, middle part maximum leaf grow 65~90 centimetres, wide 25~35 centimetres
Single plant is listed, and when full blossom normally pinches, and stays a larger axillary bud to reserve seed for planting convenient for bagging, remaining axillary bud is normally removed, in middle leaf
When ripe, adopt 9~13 leaf positions and carry out the listed baking of single plant, carrying out single plant to baking rear blade smokes panel test.
It is compared with flue-cured tobacco cultivars K326.
The total nitrogen content of soil in low fertility plot is between 0.6~2g/kg in described, and the content of organic matter is in 10~30g/
Between kg.
In abovementioned steps (3), amount of nitrogen is less than the 30% of the production normal usage of local sound tobacco.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention, can using strains screening techniques such as F2 segregating populations, backcrossing selection groups
With the flue-cured tobacco new lines for rapidly and accurately selecting high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently to utilize from filial generation, to solve existing flue-cured tobacco product
The problems such as kind aroma quality, perfume quantity are insufficient, and fertilizer utilization efficiency is not high.The flue-cured tobacco cultivars of selection and breeding of the present invention have it is high-quality slender joss stick, easily roasting,
The features such as suitable production.It is tested through applicant, using obtained flue-cured tobacco new lines of the invention when saving nitrogen fertilizer amount 30% or so,
Fragrance is slightly better than current main breed K326, hence it is evident that is better than main breed cloud and mist 87.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment：
High-quality high-quality slender joss stick explanation in the present invention：It is generally acknowledged that aroma quality, perfume quantity are more than or are equivalent in smokeing panel test in industry
K326 is compareed, high-quality slender joss stick kind is regarded as.
N in Tobacco efficiently utilizes explanation：It is generally acknowledged that nitrogen high-efficiency crop still has when nitrogen nutrient concentration is low in industry
Keep normal growth ability, biological yield with normally under the conditions of nitrogen approach, that is, be considered the flue-cured tobacco efficiently utilized to nitrogen
Kind.
Embodiment 1
High-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes the selection and breeding of new lines " 6015-13-5 ", and its step are as follows：
(1) it is female parent with high-quality high-quality slender joss stick flue-cured tobacco cultivars NC82, using the flue-cured tobacco resource MT-2 efficiently utilized to nitrogen as male parent,
Hybridization obtains a cenospecies generation (F1) " 6015 ".
(2) winter current year plants in Hainan, adds generation at the second generation of hybrid (F2) " sea 6015 ".
(3) second generation of hybrid Single-plant selection：Low 200 plants of the fertility plot plantation second generation of hybrid " sea 6015 ", plantation in selection
K326, NC82, MT-2 are compared.Amount of nitrogen presses 70% application that local sound tobacco produces dosage, and phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are by locality
Sound tobacco production dosage is administered.Field selection obtains single plant " 6015-13 ", and 185.5 centimetres of plant height is natural
Leave the piece number 27,113.6 centimetres of plant height of pinching, can picking leaves the piece number 22, middle part maximum leaf grows 73.5 centimetres, 30.8 lis wide
Rice.It normally pinches when full blossom, stays a larger axillary bud to carry out bagging and reserve seed for planting, remove remaining axillary bud, in middle leaf maturation, adopt 9
~13 leaf positions carry out the listed baking of single plant, and carrying out single plant to baking rear blade smokes panel test, and is compared with same position K326, by single-tobacco-typed cigarette
Fragrance scoring scale (table 1) of smokeing panel test carries out single plant to aroma quality and perfume quantity and smokes panel test, and smoking result is shown in Table 2.
1 single-tobacco-typed cigarette fragrance of table smoke panel test scoring scale
2 6015-13 single plant fragrance smoking results of table
| Kind (is) | Aroma quality | Perfume quantity |
| 6015-13 | 8.3 | 8.3 |
| K326 | 8.2 | 8.3 |
(4) hybrid three generations (F3) Single-plant selection：Low fertility plot plantation hybrid three generations " 6015-13 " 100 in selection
Strain, plantation K326 are compared.Amount of nitrogen presses 70% application that local sound tobacco produces dosage, and phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are by local high-quality
Leaf tobacco production dosage is administered.Field selection acquisition single plant " 6015-13-5 ", 190.0 centimetres of plant height, natural
Leave the piece number 27, pinch 115.8 centimetres of plant height, can picking leaves the piece number 22, middle part maximum leaf grow 75.5 centimetres, it is 32.5 lis wide
Rice.It normally pinches when full blossom, stays a larger axillary bud to carry out bagging and reserve seed for planting, remove remaining axillary bud, in middle leaf maturation, adopt 9
~13 leaf positions carry out the listed baking of single plant, and carrying out single plant to baking rear blade smokes panel test, and is compared with same position K326, by single-tobacco-typed cigarette
Fragrance scoring scale (table 1) of smokeing panel test carries out single plant to aroma quality and perfume quantity and smokes panel test, and smoking result is shown in Table 3.
3 6015-13-5 single plant fragrance smoking results of table
| Kind (is) | Aroma quality | Perfume quantity |
| 6015-13-5 | 8.2 | 8.1 |
| K326 | 8.0 | 8.1 |
(5) hybrid four generations (F4) strain is planted：Low fertility plot plantation hybrid four generations " 6015-13-5 " 60 in selection
Strain, plantation K326 are compared.Amount of nitrogen presses 70% application that local sound tobacco produces dosage, and phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are by local high-quality
Leaf tobacco production dosage is administered.Select the strain of neat and consistent listed, when full blossom normally pinches, and a larger axillary bud is stayed to carry out
Bagging is reserved seed for planting, remaining axillary bud is removed, and in middle leaf maturation, is adopted 9~13 leaf positions and is carried out listed baking, carried out to baking rear blade
Strain is smoked panel test, and is compared with same position K326, smokes panel test scoring scale (table 1) to aroma quality and perfume quantity progress by single-tobacco-typed cigarette fragrance
Strain is smoked panel test, and smoking result is shown in Table 4.
4 6015-13-5 strain fragrance smoking results of table
| Kind (is) | Aroma quality | Perfume quantity |
| 6015-13-5 | 8.2 | 8.2 |
| K326 | 8.2 | 8.1 |
(6) " 6015-13-5 " strain contrast test：Low fertility plot plantation, " 6015-13-5 " strain in selection
Experiment is compared with other strains, plantation K326, cloud and mist 87 compare.Amount of nitrogen presses local sound tobacco and produces dosage
70% application, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are administered by local sound tobacco production dosage.New lines " 6015-13-5 " general performance
Excellent, per mu yield 151.67kg, 3300.43 yuan of average yield per mu value is superior to local large area production level, better than remaining ginseng
Test product system and check variety illustrate that " 6015-13-5 " still has preferable economic benefit under relatively low nitrogen amount applied.Quality is smoked panel test
Aspect, aroma quality, which is slightly better than, compares K326, and perfume quantity is suitable with K326, further demonstrates that " 6015-13-5 " high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen
It is plain efficiently to utilize.
(6.1) " 6015-13-5 " strain contrast test feature shows：To buddingging about 60 days, crop field is given birth to for transplanting
128 days phases.Plant turriform, blade oblong, leaf color is green, and blade face gauffer, blade tip is tapering, and blade master pulse thickness is moderate, cauline leaf
Angle is medium.
(6.2) " 6015-13-5 " strain contrast test Other Main Agronomic Characters：Averagely 113.5 centimetres of plant height of topping, it is average
Can picking leaves number 21.8,6.2 centimetres of mean pitch, average 8.2 centimetres of stem girth, average waist leaf grows 73.7 centimetres, average waist leaf width
32.3 centimetres.
(6.3) " 6015-13-5 " strain contrast test Major Economic：Per mu yield 151.67kg, average mu
3300.43 yuan of the output value, average price are 21.75 yuan/kg, and good smoke rate 50.98%, upper medium grade cigarette rate is 84.58% (6.4)
" 6015-13-5 " strain contrast test main chemical compositions：C3F rating samples nicotine content 2.48%, total sugar content
25.78%, content of reducing sugar 20.28%, total nitrogen content 1.62%, potassium content 2.17%, chlorinity 0.09%.
(6.5) " 6015-13-5 " strain contrast test judging parameter：" 6015-13-5 " C3F rating samples are totally commented
It inhales quality and is slightly better than control K326, hence it is evident that be better than control cloud and mist 87, Type of aroma flat-flavor." 6015-13-5 " aroma quality
It is fair, K326 is slightly better than compareed, control cloud and mist 87 is better than；Perfume quantity foot, it is suitable with K326, it is better than cloud and mist 87；Miscellaneous gas is micro- to be had, with
K326 is suitable, is better than cloud and mist 87；Irritation is micro- to be had, suitable with K326, cloud and mist 87；Pleasant impression is purer comfortable, suitable with K326.
Total nitrogen content of soil is between 0.6~2g/kg in aforementioned low fertility plot, and the content of organic matter is in 10~30g/kg
Between.
Embodiment 2
Use the NC82 in the big gold dollar alternate embodiment of safflower 1 as female parent, with the MT-2 in No. 3 alternate embodiments 1 of good fortune cigarette
As male parent, remaining method is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
It uses NC82 in dark green No. 1 alternate embodiment 1 as female parent, uses MT-2 in G80 alternate embodiments 1 as father
This, remaining method is same as Example 1.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (5)
- The selection that 1. a kind of flue-cured tobacco is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：(1) it is female parent with high-quality high-quality slender joss stick flue-cured tobacco cultivars, using the flue-cured tobacco efficiently utilized to nitrogen as male parent, hybridizes to obtain F1 generation seed；(2) winter current year carries out south numerous added-generation, and selfing obtains F2 for seed；(3) F2 segregating generations are planted in low fertility plot in selecting, wherein the production that amount of nitrogen is less than local sound tobacco is normal Dosage, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are administered by local sound tobacco production normal usage；(4) it harvests Flue-cured and carries out single plant and smoke panel test, compared, filtered out with the same preferable flue-cured tobacco cultivars of position aroma quality Judging parameter aroma quality and perfume quantity are better than or are equivalent to the single plant of control flue-cured tobacco cultivars, and plant division bagging axillary bud is reserved seed for planting；(5) strain is planted：The single plant of (4) screening is planted by step (3) and is selected at group, then by step (4)；(6) step (5) is repeated until strain is stablized, you can screens high-quality slender joss stick and flue-cured tobacco new lines that nitrogen efficiently utilizes.
- The selection that 2. flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes, it is characterised in that：The step (4) in, 170~190 centimetres of plant height is selected in field, natural leave the piece number 25~28, plant height 110~120 of pinching Centimetre, can picking leaves the piece number 20~22, middle part maximum leaf grows 65~90 centimetres, and wide 25~35 centimetres of single plant is listed, when full blossom Normal topping, stays a larger axillary bud to reserve seed for planting convenient for bagging, normally removes remaining axillary bud, in middle leaf maturation, adopt 9~13 leaves Position carries out the listed baking of single plant, and carrying out single plant to baking rear blade smokes panel test.
- The selection that 3. flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes, it is characterised in that：With flue-cured tobacco product Kind K326 is compared.
- The selection that 4. flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes, it is characterised in that：It is low in described Etc. fertility plot total nitrogen content of soil between 0.6~2g/kg, the content of organic matter is between 10~30g/kg.
- The selection that 5. flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 is high-quality slender joss stick and nitrogen efficiently utilizes, it is characterised in that：Step (3) In, amount of nitrogen is less than the 30% of the production normal usage of local sound tobacco.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112471575A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-03-12 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Baking method for sun-cured tobacco and flue-cured tobacco hybrid progeny |
Citations (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102657076A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-12 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Method for producing hybrid seed of tobacco with high aroma, light miscellaneous gases and good mouthfeel |
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2018
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102657076A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-12 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Method for producing hybrid seed of tobacco with high aroma, light miscellaneous gases and good mouthfeel |
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| EDWARDS ET AL.: "A reference genome for Nicotiana tabacum enables map-based cloning of homeologous loci implicated in nitrogen utilization efficiency", 《BMC GENOMICS》 * |
| 崔昌范等: "烤烟新品种-吉烟五号的选育", 《延边农学院学报》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112471575A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-03-12 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Baking method for sun-cured tobacco and flue-cured tobacco hybrid progeny |
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