CN106576959A - Topping method for flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents
Topping method for flue-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN106576959A CN106576959A CN201611189679.9A CN201611189679A CN106576959A CN 106576959 A CN106576959 A CN 106576959A CN 201611189679 A CN201611189679 A CN 201611189679A CN 106576959 A CN106576959 A CN 106576959A
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- flue
- cured tobacco
- inflorescence
- tobacco
- topping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/08—Other tools for pruning, branching or delimbing standing trees
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a topping method for flue-cured tobacco. A top bending method is adopted to replace a conventional topping cultivation method for the flue-cured tobacco. In a conventional topping cultivation period of the flue-cured tobacco, the method that at a conventional topping position, an inflorescence is bent but not broken, a pith part is broken and a phloem is reserved is adopted to replace the conventional topping method that the inflorescence is completely picked off, thus, the inflorescence at the top of the flue-cured tobacco cannot blossom normally under the restraint of nutrient transmission and consumes a large quantity of nutrients of a tobacco plant, and meanwhile apical dominance is reserved and will not disappear suddenly. Compared with existing conventional topping techniques, the topping method has the advantages that 1, through top bending treatment, the apical dominance of the flue-cured tobacco can be reserved without being completely damaged, in-vivo hormonal equilibrium of the tobacco plant is not completely broken, transformation and accumulation of aroma substances in upper tobacco leaves are improved, and industrial application value is increased; 2, the top inflorescence will not die or grow normally, and therefore the yield of the upper tobacco leaves is increased; 3, by the adoption of the top bending mode, materials and labor cost are not increased, and environmental pollution will not be caused; and 4, operation is easy.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method the present invention relates to flue-cured tobacco is pinched, belongs to flue-cured tobacco cultivation technical field.
Background technology
It is important field management measure in cured tobacco production to pinch, and is to improve one of key technology of yield of tobacco.If
Flue-cured tobacco is not pinched, then, by fireworks and seed consumption, upper tobacco leaf weight per leaf is low, and blade is little, yields poorly, nicotine for a large amount of nutrients of cigarette strain
Content is low, and industrial usability is poor.But existing routine produces technology of pinching, while there is positive and passive two aspect.One
Aspect, pinches and can promote root system development, promotes the sprouting of secondary root, increases absorbability and synthesis capability to nutrient.Expand
Big leaf growth, the quality supply of upper blade are improved, and especially top becomes apparent from.The growing way appearance of regulation and control cigarette strain,
Nicotiana tabacum L. harvesting high-quality high-yield is realized, can also mitigate disease pest harm, be that raising quality of tobacco and quality lay the foundation.After pinching, eliminate
Apical dominance, it is to avoid the solid consumption nutrient of plant blossom, forces nutrient in cigarette strain body to be more assigned to blade, it will be apparent that promote
The upper, growth of middle leaf, leaf area increase, material accumulation in leaf increase, and weight per leaf increases, and so as to improve yield, increased
Benefit.On the other hand, pinch after removal apical dominance, cigarette strain endogenous hormones are distributed and effect changes, the pass in Nicotiana tabacum L.
The content of key Quality Element -- potassium element is substantially reduced, and is unfavorable for that quality is improved, meanwhile, pinch after removal apical dominance, promote
Enter cigarette strain root system and absorb soil nitrogen in a large number, cause that upper tobacco leaf weight per leaf is excessive, nicotine content is higher, bring blade stiff therewith
Firmly, closely, blade is blocked up, and blade is narrow for organizational structure, affects industrial applicability value.
For the pros and cons that the flue-cured tobacco technology of pinching is brought, tobacco business has carried out a large amount of exploratory studys in scientific worker,
It is concentrated mainly on flue-cured tobacco chemistry suppression top, bagging the technical research such as to exempt to pinch, principle is to maintain operative tip advantage, it is ensured that Nicotiana tabacum L.
Quality and yield, has some limitations, and for example, chemistry suppression top is processed, and can be brought chemical residual, be applied chemical inhibitor
Centering upper leaf produces poisoning etc.；Bagging is exempted from the technology of pinching and easily causes white pollution, and the Cost Problems of plastic bag and bagging are used
Work problem is not yet solved at all.
Replacement flue-cured tobacco is processed using folding top routinely to pinch, is, in flue-cured tobacco conventional cultivation Physical property and position, inflorescence to be rolled over
And continuous, Po Huai Marrow portions, retaining phloem, member-retaining portion top high-quality reduces inflorescence normal growth and consumes cigarette strain nutrient, improves
Upper tobacco leaf interior quality and yield.Neither increase work, goods and materials cost, also do not cause Nicotiana tabacum L. poisoning, residual and environmental pollution,
Part control apical dominance is reached simultaneously, improves the purpose of yield of tobacco quality.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of flue-cured tobacco upgrading, flavouring, the method for pinching of potentiation.The flue-cured tobacco that the present invention is provided
Method of pinching substitutes cultural method that flue-cured tobacco routinely pinch using folding top treatment technology using " folding top is processed " technology.Flue-cured tobacco is normal
Rule cultivation Physical property, in the conventional position pinched, inflorescence is rolled over and continuous, Po Huai Marrow portions, and the method for retaining phloem is substituted
The conventional method of pinching for all removing inflorescence, makes the inflorescence on flue-cured tobacco top be subject to the part of nutrient transmission to suppress, it is impossible to normal
Bloom and consume a large amount of cigarette strain nutrients, while retain apical dominance will not suddenly disappear, keep cigarette strain Endogenous hormone balance, make top
Quality of tobacco obtains basic assurance, while being unlikely to that nicotine content is too high, potassium content is low, blade is stiff, organizational structure is tight,
Fragrance deficiency causes upper tobacco leaf industrial applicability to reduce.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of flue-cured tobacco is pinched method, substitutes the cultural method that flue-cured tobacco is routinely pinched using folding top method, and flue-cured tobacco conventional cultivation is pinched
In period, in the conventional position pinched, inflorescence is rolled over and continuous, Po Huai Marrow portions, the method for retaining phloem substitutes routine by inflorescence
The method of pinching all removed, makes the inflorescence on flue-cured tobacco top be suppressed by nutrient transmission, it is impossible to a large amount of cigarettes of consumption of normally blooming
Strain nutrient, while retain apical dominance will not suddenly disappear.
Further, the conventional Topping Time in cured tobacco production, that is, i.e. just the flowers are in blossom at Hua Huo 50% centers when put,
Processed cigarette strain effective blade number is stopped, such as K326 kinds leaves remained 20-22 pieces.
Further, when folding top is processed, inflorescence tender stem is rubbed using the thumb and forefinger or special specific purpose tool of staff
The degree that the destruction of Nie Dao Marrow portions, phloem not exclusively fracture, and inflorescence unification is folded to the same direction of cigarette strain ridge body.
Further, roll over after top processes, the inflorescence on small part folding top may occur what is fractureed completely, it goes without doing special place
Reason；Folding top processes not in place, and inflorescence directly can be removed by the small part cigarette strain that later stage inflorescence can restore normal growth, it is to avoid open
Expense consumes a large amount of nutrients.
Further, except folding top processing links in addition to such as transplanting, density, fertilising, cultivation and banking, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc. its
He is carried out using the sound tobacco planting technology in existing each Nicotiana tabacum L. producing region at field management method.
The beneficial effect of the invention is：The relatively existing routine of the present invention is pinched technology, has the characteristics that and effect：
（1）The process of folding top can retain flue-cured tobacco apical dominance and not be totally disrupted, and cigarette strain hormone in vivo balance is not broken completely, controls
Upper leaf nicotine synthesizes in a large number, reduces potassium content and is lost in, it is ensured that upper tobacco leaf chemical composition is coordinated, improves upper tobacco leaf fragrance thing
Matter conversion accumulation, improves industrial application value；（2）Terminal inflorescence will not be dead, also will not normal growth, reduce inflorescence to cigarette strain
A large amount of consumption of nutrient, improve upper tobacco leaf yield；（3）By the way of folding top, do not increase goods and materials and recruitment cost, will not band
Carry out link pollution；（4）It is simple to operate, it is easy to popularization and application.
Specific embodiment
Description the present invention program with specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1：
Flue-cured tobacco in the present embodiment is pinched method, and the K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars cigarette strains produced with large area are grown in just flower or 50%
When disc flower opens, in the position for stopping cigarette strain effective blade number 20-22 pieces, inflorescence tender stem is rubbed using the thumb and forefinger of staff
The degree that the destruction of Nie Dao Marrow portions, phloem not exclusively fracture, and inflorescence unification is folded to the same direction of cigarette strain ridge body.Folding top
After process, the inflorescence on small part folding top may occur what is fractureed completely, special handling that it goes without doing；Folding top processes not in place, after
Inflorescence directly can be removed by the small part cigarette strain that phase inflorescence can restore normal growth, it is to avoid a large amount of nutrients of consumption of blooming.Except folding
Other field management methods employings of such as transplanting, density, fertilising, cultivation and banking, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc. beyond the processing links of top are existing
The sound tobacco planting technology for having each Nicotiana tabacum L. producing region is carried out.
Embodiment 2：
Flue-cured tobacco in the present embodiment is pinched method, and the K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars cigarette strains produced with large area are grown in just flower or 50%
When disc flower opens, in the position for stopping cigarette strain effective blade number 20-22 pieces, using special specific purpose tool, inflorescence tender stem is pressed from both sides
The degree that the destruction of Chi Dao Marrow portions, phloem not exclusively fracture, and inflorescence unification is folded to the same direction of cigarette strain ridge body.Folding top
After process, the inflorescence on small part folding top may occur what is fractureed completely, special handling that it goes without doing；Folding top processes not in place, after
Inflorescence directly can be removed by the small part cigarette strain that phase inflorescence can restore normal growth, it is to avoid a large amount of nutrients of consumption of blooming.Except folding
Other field management methods employings of such as transplanting, density, fertilising, cultivation and banking, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc. beyond the processing links of top are existing
The sound tobacco planting technology for having each Nicotiana tabacum L. producing region is carried out.
Following table is that applicant carries out obtained experimental result after field test using technical scheme.
1 conventional topping treatment of table and contrast table of the present invention
| Topping treatment | Nicotine (%) | Total sugar (%) | Reducing sugar (%) | Total nitrogen (N%) | Potassium (K%) | Chlorine (CL%) |
| Routine is pinched | 4.21 | 14.17 | 13.49 | 2.71 | 1.08 | 0.776 |
| Folding top is processed | 3.33 | 14.80 | 13.71 | 2.62 | 1.53 | 0.480 |
It is more conventional to pinch（CK）Relatively, roll over top and process there is upper tobacco leaf and significantly drop alkali, increase potassium, increase sugar, drop chlorine effect.It is bright
It is aobvious to improve upper tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition harmony.
Meanwhile, in two kinds of top processing modes, the content folding top of aldehyde material is processed apparently higher than conventional topping treatment.Folding
The upper tobacco leaf green cellulose content of top treatment group is intuitively apparently higher than conventional topping treatment, and marennin is in the leaf tobacco production later stage
With important flavor matter is translated in baking process.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of flue-cured tobacco is pinched method, it is characterised in that：The cultural method that flue-cured tobacco is routinely pinched, flue-cured tobacco are substituted using folding top method
Conventional cultivation Physical property, in the conventional position pinched, inflorescence is rolled over and continuous, Po Huai Marrow portions, and the method for retaining phloem is replaced
The generation conventional method of pinching for all removing inflorescence, makes the inflorescence on flue-cured tobacco top be suppressed by nutrient transmission, it is impossible to just normally opened
Expense consumes a large amount of cigarette strain nutrients, while retain apical dominance will not suddenly disappear.
2. flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 beats the method for determining, it is characterised in that：The conventional Topping Time in cured tobacco production,
Videlicet just the flowers are in blossom at Hua Huo 50% centers when put, and is processed cigarette strain effective blade number is stopped.
3. flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 beats the method for determining, it is characterised in that：Folding top process when, using staff thumb and
The degree that the kneading of inflorescence tender stem is not exclusively fractureed by forefinger or special specific purpose tool Dao the destruction of Marrow portions, phloem, and by inflorescence
Unification is folded to the same direction of cigarette strain ridge body.
4. flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 beats the method for determining, it is characterised in that：After folding top is processed, the flower on small part folding top
Sequence may occur what is fractureed completely, special handling that it goes without doing；Folding top processes not in place, and what later stage inflorescence can restore normal growth lacks
Inflorescence is directly removed by part cigarette strain, it is to avoid a large amount of nutrients of consumption of blooming.
5. flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 beats the method for determining, it is characterised in that：Except folding top processing links in addition to as transplant,
Sound tobacco kind of other field management methods such as density, fertilising, cultivation and banking, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control using existing each Nicotiana tabacum L. producing region
Planting technology is carried out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611189679.9A CN106576959A (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Topping method for flue-cured tobacco |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611189679.9A CN106576959A (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Topping method for flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN201611189679.9A Pending CN106576959A (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Topping method for flue-cured tobacco |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108464213A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-31 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of implantation methods of flue-cured tobacco and quinoa interplanting |
| CN110178578A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-30 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method that cucumber cotyledons physical stimulation promotes strong sprout |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108464213A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-31 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of implantation methods of flue-cured tobacco and quinoa interplanting |
| CN108464213B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2020-04-21 | 云南农业大学 | Flue-cured tobacco and quinoa intercropping planting method |
| CN110178578A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-30 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method that cucumber cotyledons physical stimulation promotes strong sprout |
| CN110178578B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for promoting strong seedlings of cucumbers by physical stimulation of cotyledons |
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Application publication date: 20170426 |