CN102138842A - 用于吸收制品的转移层 - Google Patents

用于吸收制品的转移层 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102138842A
CN102138842A CN2011100373111A CN201110037311A CN102138842A CN 102138842 A CN102138842 A CN 102138842A CN 2011100373111 A CN2011100373111 A CN 2011100373111A CN 201110037311 A CN201110037311 A CN 201110037311A CN 102138842 A CN102138842 A CN 102138842A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
dimensional
transfer layer
film
goods
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Granted
Application number
CN2011100373111A
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English (en)
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CN102138842B (zh
Inventor
R·J·赛勒
W·C·安卡洛三世
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Feiteshi Film Products Co ltd
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Tredegar Film Products LLC
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Publication of CN102138842A publication Critical patent/CN102138842A/zh
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Abstract

一种特别适合用作吸收制品中的转移层的复合物，其包含第一层和第二层，所述第一层包含具有多个毛细管大小的带孔突起和多个二维排放口的成形膜，所述第二层紧密接触所述毛细管大小的突起的带孔端，在z方向上与第一层间隔开，所述第二层是三维带孔成形膜或无纺网状物。在第二层是三维成形膜的实施方式中，所述膜包含多个毛细管大小的突起，其直径小于第一层中突起的直径，所述膜还任选包含多个排放口，所述排放口可以是二维的、三维的或二者的组合。

Description

用于吸收制品的转移层
技术领域
本发明涉及在吸收制品中用作转移层的复合网状物(composite web)。
背景技术
吸收制品是通常使用一次或有限次、临时收集和固定体内排出液的制品。这种制品包括尿片、成人失禁用品、妇女卫生用品、绷带及类似制品。一般地，这些制品具有紧贴使用者皮肤的顶片(topsheet)，与顶片相对、使用时可贴近穿戴者衣物的背片(backsheet)，以及位于顶片与背片之间的吸收芯。在多数情况下，顶片可渗透体内排出液，而背片则不能渗透这种流体，从而保护穿戴者的衣物避免接触漏出物。吸收芯设计用于收集和存放体内流出液，直至该制品可以丢弃和换新制品。
吸收制品中使用转移层，在本领域也称作获取分布层(即“ADL”)。过去用无纺网状物和三维成形膜作为转移层。转移层通常位于顶片与吸收芯之间，一般用于提高制品吸收和滞留流体的效率。例如，用转移层提供空隙，用作临时贮存处，收集和存放流体，直至流体可被芯子吸收。此外，用转移层促进流体沿着一般平行于转移层平面的方向的侧向流动，从而使芯子更多地用于吸收流体。参见例如美国专利第4324247号。
人们仍然需要具有以下功能的转移层：更有效地促进流体在吸收芯中的分布，使穿戴者更舒适，降低顶片的表面湿度，总体上减少或消除再湿润现象。
发明内容
在一个实施方式中，本发明提供了包含第一层和第二层的转移层网状物，其中第一层包含具有三维毛细管和二维排放口(drain)的成形膜，第二层包含具有三维毛细管的成形膜，其中第二层中的毛细管比第一层中的毛细管细。
在另一个实施方式中，本发明提供了包含第一层和第二层的转移层网状物，其中第一层包含具有三维毛细管和二维排放口的成形膜，第二层包含具有三维毛细管和二维排放口的成形膜，其中第二层中的毛细管比第一层中的毛细管细。
在另一个实施方式中，本发明提供了包含第一层和第二层的转移层网状物，其中第一层包含具有三维毛细管和二维排放口的成形膜，第二层包含具有三维毛细管和三维排放口的成形膜，其中第二层中的毛细管比第一层中的毛细管细，所述三维排放口在z方向的延伸距离不超过所述三维毛细管。
在另一个实施方式中，本发明提供了包含第一层和第二层的转移层网状物，其中第一层包含具有三维毛细管和二维排放口的成形膜，第二层包含无纺网状物。
参考附图阅读以下详细描述和所附权利要求书后，上述及其他实施方式将是显而易见的。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式具有转移层网状物的吸收制品的截面图。
图2是根据本发明的另一个实施方式具有转移层网状物的吸收制品的截面图。
图3是根据本发明的又一个实施方式具有转移层网状物的吸收制品的截面图。
图4是根据本发明的又一个实施方式具有转移层网状物的吸收制品的截面图。
图5是液体克数-时间图。
图6是液体克数-时间图。
具体实施方式
吸收制品一般包含顶片、吸收芯和背片。顶片位于吸收制品朝向身体的一面，通常包含渗液材料，让排泄(insult)出来的液体从吸收制品朝向身体的表面转移到吸收芯。术语“排泄”一般指吸收制品顶片上的液体量或加液体的动作。排泄可发生在产品使用过程中和成品测试过程中。因此，当同一吸收制品接收一次以上的排泄时，就发生“多次排泄”。
在使用过程中，顶片通常紧靠甚至直接接触穿戴者的皮肤，通常由柔软材料如无纺材料、带孔膜或这些材料的组合制成，做成单元式复合物。顶片通常设计用来使穿戴者即使在排泄后也保持舒适、干燥的感觉。
背片位于朝向衣物的一面或吸收制品的外侧表面。背片可以是非渗液膜，不让液体从吸收制品内部转移到吸收制品的外表面或穿戴者的衣物。透气背片不渗液，还可让水蒸气跑出吸收制品。这降低了穿戴者感觉到的湿度，从而提高了穿戴者的舒适度。
使用吸收制品时，吸收芯吸收排泄物，滞留液体。吸收芯应充分吸收一次或多次排泄物，并基本上将排泄物滞留到移去和丢弃吸收制品为止。吸收芯的贮存容量和排泄物在吸收芯中的分布效率决定了吸收制品容留液体的量。吸收芯中的吸收材料可包含任何液体吸收材料，例如但不限于纤维素材料(包括纤维)、多孔海绵或泡沫材料，超级吸收材料，例如超级吸收聚合物，水状胶体材料，凝胶材料，以及它们的组合。在具体实施方式中采用上述一种或多种吸收材料的情形包括在本发明所构想的范围之内。具体地，在一些实施方式中，吸收材料可包含粒状吸收材料和精切纤维素纤维的混合物。
特别有用的吸收材料是高吸收性凝胶型材料，它们一般能够吸收约10倍至约50倍于自身重量的流体。如本领域一般公知的那样，芯子吸收液体的速率反比于芯子容留所吸收的液体的能力。因此，在芯子中使用超级吸收材料非常有利于容留液体，但吸收液体相对较慢。若吸收液体滞后，则制品中未吸收的或者说“游离的”流体较多，可能加剧反湿润，从而增加再湿润。因为超级吸收材料具有其他好处，如减小芯子的体积，所以其他优点一般盖过了吸收缓慢的缺点。
根据实施方式，转移层位于顶片与吸收芯之间，或者背片与吸收芯之间。最佳的是，转移层位于顶片与芯子之间。
转移层可起控制再湿润的作用，再湿润是制品接触使用者的表面上或内部存在制品中未吸收的或“游离的”流体的现象。再湿润包括表面湿润部分和反湿润部分。表面湿润是指排泄后保留在顶片表面上或顶片孔隙内的液体。反湿润是指曾经通过顶片但又被送回顶片表面的流体。当制品负重或受压时，流体被迫反向通过顶片，反湿润现象一般更突出。受压可发生在例如婴儿在尿片中小便后坐着的情况下。不过通过什么方式，顶片表面之上或之内存在的液体会使制品使用者产生不适意的潮湿感。因此，最大程度减少或消除再湿润现象对于消费者接受度来说非常重要。转移层可对反湿润进行物理限制，从而控制再湿润。具体地，膜材料起物理屏障的作用，因为膜本身是不渗液的，而孔一般成形，用于阻止液体流动离开吸收芯。不过，无纺织物转移层起临时贮存作用，在流体到达顶片表面之前就将流体收集起来。在一些情况下，转移层还有利于转移静态流体，从而减少顶片上表面湿润现象，否则这些流体会保留在顶片上。
在标准工业测试，如EDANA ERT 151.2-99或EDANA ERT 151.3-02中，再湿润是这样测定的：使制品接触测量过的流体排泄物，等10分钟，然后在顶片上覆盖吸墨纸，并置一重物，测量吸墨纸获取的液体量。延迟10分钟的原因是让吸收芯有时间获取液体。不过，在实际中，制品使用者不会想让潮湿感觉持续10分钟，因为这是非常不适意的感觉。因此，从消费者角度考虑，差不多要求在排泄之后，立即获得干燥感。
可以认为，排泄物包括动态和静态流体的组合。动态流体在排泄时流过顶片和转移层，而静态流体可保留在顶片和/或转移层的孔隙中。为了除去静态流体，转移层必须能够在z方向保持虹吸作用或毛细作用。当转移层是三维成形膜时，通过使至少一部分孔的直径足够小，以实现毛细现象或毛细作用，即可在z方向获得虹吸作用或毛细作用。
前面已经提及，膜和无纺纤维网状物已经用作顶片和转移层。无纺网状物在纤维之间具有内部空隙，可吸引和容留液体。因此，无纺网状物为流体提供了临时或“缓冲”贮存作用。当发生排泄时，流体累积在无纺织物的孔隙中，直至流体有机会排出和/或被芯子吸收，而不管该无纺织物是用作顶片还是用作转移层。无纺织物的缓冲作用在两个方向上都有效。具体来说，当发生排泄时，无纺织物发挥缓冲作用，容留流体，直至流体可排出和被芯子吸收。一旦流体排出，无纺织物又可发挥缓冲作用，在流体到达顶片表面之前将流体积累起来。流体排出量、排出时间以及无纺织物的缓冲能力取决于无纺网状物纤维之间的孔径、无纺织物的相对亲水性/疏水性、纤维密度及其他因素。排泄之后，无纺织物的空隙基本上立即被占满，芯子没有足够的时间吸收排泄物。因此，无纺织物无法发挥缓冲作用，阻碍流体回流到顶片表面。已通过无纺网状物但尚未被吸收的那部分排泄物，以及临时存留在网状物孔内的那部分，会加剧再湿润现象。
但是，在成形膜内，除了可能保留在孔之间的实心区域的少量流体外，排泄物差不多立即通过膜，贮存在膜下侧的空隙里。若在此时加载负荷，则膜对再湿润起物理屏障作用，只有能够穿过孔回去的流体才会加剧再湿润现象。因为成形膜中的孔通常是渐缩的，一侧(即“阳”侧)的开口窄于另一侧(即“阴”侧)，所以膜允许液体优先流向芯子，而在反向上几乎是不渗液的。因此，在吸收制品中，成形膜可近乎即刻提供干燥感觉，而无纺网状物不行。实际上，测试表明，在再湿润性能上，膜优于无纺网状物，特别是在排泄后立即测试时。排泄之后，随着时间流逝，无纺织物有机会排出流体，可重新发挥缓冲作用，阻碍流体从芯子区域转移到顶片表面。因此，排泄之后随着时间的延长，使用膜与使用无纺网状物在再湿润性能上的差异就没有那么明显。
表1报告了排泄之后，使用标准再湿润测试方法得到的液体克数与时间的关系。
表1
Figure BSA00000433725300051
利用表1中的数据绘制图5和图6，说明了流体克数与时间的关系。更具体地，图5描绘了第一次排泄后测量得到的再湿润结果。曲线100表示使用膜的制品，曲线200表示使用无纺织物的制品。如图5所示，使用膜与使用无纺织物相比，在排泄后立即再湿润的现象明显减少。最后，膜与无纺织物之间的差异可忽略不计，但膜明显提供了更快的干燥感。这些数据表明，在第一次排泄后，相比于使用成形膜的相同制品，使用无纺织物转移层的婴儿尿片在再湿润测试中多产生6-16克液体。
参见图6，该图显示了第三次排泄后，再湿润测试得到的液体克数与时间的曲线。数据表明，相比于用无纺织物作转移层的制品(曲线400)，使用成形膜作转移层的制品(曲线300)的表面液体明显少得多。此差异类似于图5所示条件下的情形；也就是说，使用成形膜的制品所具有的液体比使用无纺网状物的制品少6-26克。
根据实施方式的转移层是膜与另一块膜或无纺网状物的复合物。膜/膜组合提供了上述双屏障功效。膜/无纺织物实施方式提供了屏障/缓冲功效。若使用无纺网状物，则转移层在取向上优选使无纺网状物最靠近吸收芯。这种取向充分利用了膜转移层的物理屏障功能和无纺织物转移层的缓冲能力。无论在哪一个实施方式中，吸收制品的再湿润性能得到显著改善。
本文所用“膜”是指薄聚合物片或网状物。膜可通过例如在浇铸或吹塑挤出过程中挤出熔融热塑性聚合物来产生，可在辊之间进一步加工，然后冷却，形成网状物。膜可以是例如单层膜或共挤出膜。
术语“聚合物”包括均聚物、共聚物，例如嵌段共聚物、接枝共聚物、无规共聚物和交替共聚物，三元共聚物，等等，以及它们的掺混物和改性物。此外，除非另有明确限定，术语“聚合物”意在包括材料所有可能的几何构型，如全规、间规以及不规则或无规对称构型。
无纺网状物是由通过无规或非重复模式排列的聚合物纤维组成的纤维网状物。无纺网状物一般可归为连续或短纤维网状物。连续纤维网状物的例子包括熔吹和纺粘网状物。具有短纤维的网状物的例子包括粗梳网状物。可利用本领域已知的众多方法中的任何一种或多种，将一根根纤维形成连贯的网状物，所述方法包括例如热粘合(压延)、水力缠结、树脂粘合或其他方法。用于制备网状物的纤维可以是本领域已知的单组分或双组分纤维。
术语“熔吹纤维”是指按以下方法形成的纤维：通过多根细的、通常是圆形的口模毛细管(die capillaries)挤出熔融热塑性材料，成为熔融的线或丝进入高速气体(例如空气)流，所述高速气体流使熔融热塑性材料丝变细，减小其直径，所述直径可以是微纤维直径。术语“微纤维”是指平均直径不大于约100微米的小直径纤维。然后，高速气体流携带熔吹纤维，将其沉积在收集表面上，形成无规分散的熔吹纤维网状物。
术语“纺粘纤维”是指通过以下方法形成的小直径纤维：通过多根细的、通常是圆形的喷丝头毛细管将熔融热塑性材料挤出成丝，然后通过例如拉缩(eductive drawing)或其他已知的纺粘方法快速减小挤出的丝的直径。
转移层的维度可描述为纵向(machine direction)、横向(cross direction)和z方向。纵向是由膜在制造过程中穿过的方向限定的。膜通常生产成长片或长网状物，长度比宽度大得多。在这种情况下，纵向一般是片的长度方向(也称x方向)。垂直于纵向的是片的横向或跨向(transverse direction)(也称y方向或宽度方向)。膜厚[在一些实施方式中有时也称作膜的篷度(loft)或卡度(caliper)]在z方向上测量。
三维成形膜包括形成膜的标称厚度的基准平面，包括起自膜表面、沿z方向朝外突出的结构。这些结构的尺度使膜具有z方向上的尺度，该尺度大于膜的标称厚度。它们还使膜具有次级平面，该次级平面由表面结构限定，并在z方向上与膜的基准平面间隔开。三维成形膜的三维特征可通过例如轧花工艺、水力成形工艺或真空成形工艺产生。所有这些工艺在本领域是众所周知的。
“多面膜”是具有额外表面结构的三维成形膜，所述额外表面结构生发于膜的基准平面和任何次级平面。例如，具有多面结构的成形膜可包含多个自膜表面延伸出来的平台，所述平台限定至少一个额外的位于基准表面上方或下方的膜平面。在多面三维成形膜的一些实施方式中，可在任何或所有可利用的平面上形成突起。
三维带孔成形膜只不过是在三维结构中具有开口或孔的成形膜。带孔三维结构的尺寸、间距和其他性质取决于用来形成三维带孔成形膜的具体设备。例如，在真空成形工艺、水力成形工艺和一些机械工艺中，孔的尺寸、形状和间距取决于将膜置于真空压力下、高压水流中或机械打孔装置如销子上时，支撑膜的成形结构。例如，参见美国专利第4456570号和美国专利第3929135号。
对于带孔成形膜，三维结构在z方向上的尺寸是三维结构直径的函数，而三维结构直径反过来又是成形结构中的孔径或打孔销直径的函数。例如，相比于直径较大的结构，直径较小的结构通常具有较小的z方向尺寸。其他因素也影响三维特征在z方向上的高度，如膜的组成、膜的基重、膜在打孔时的温度以及其他工艺条件和与设备相关的因素。
例如，三维成形膜可包含至少一种选自下组的聚合物：聚烯烃(例如C2-C10烯烃，如聚乙烯、聚丙烯等)；聚酯；塑性体；聚酰胺(例如尼龙)；聚苯乙烯；聚氨酯；乙烯基聚合物；丙烯酸类和/或甲基丙烯酸类聚合物；弹性体(例如苯乙烯嵌段共聚物弹性体)；具有天然可再生来源的聚合物；可生物降解的聚合物；以及它们的混合物或掺混物。聚合物优选为热塑性聚合物。
此外，可在聚合物中加入各种添加剂中的任何添加剂，提供某些所需的性质，包括但不限于糙度、减少抗静电累积、耐磨性、可打印性、可写性、不透明性、亲水性、疏水性、可加工性、UV稳定性、颜色等。这样的添加剂是工业上广为人知的，包括例如碳酸钙(耐磨性)、二氧化钛(颜色和不透明性)、二氧化硅(糙度)、表面活性剂(亲水性/疏水性)、加工助剂/塑性体(可加工性)等。
转移层网状物包含层状或复合结构。术语“层状”和“复合”是同义词，指两个或更多个片状部件或网状物以面对面的关系连接在一起，形成单元式网状物。术语“单元式网状物”是指包含两种或更多种网状材料的层叠网状物，包括通过例如热粘合法充分连接的无纺网状物，然后将其作为单一网状物进行处理、加工或以其他形式利用。
层状物可通过共挤出或任何次数的层合过程形成，所述层合过程包括热层合、粘合层合、超声层合、加压层合、挤出层合、真空层合和本领域已知的其他层合技术，以及它们的组合。
参见图1所示实施方式，吸收制品10包含顶片12、芯子14、背片16和位于芯子14与顶片12之间的转移层15。制品10具有朝向人体的表面13，所述表面13在使用中放置在靠近或紧贴使用者皮肤的位置。制品10还具有朝向衣物的表面17，所述表面17与朝向人体的表面13相对。朝向衣物的表面17在使用中靠近使用者的衣物，或者当吸收制品是绷带、创伤敷料、手术单或类似制品时，朝向衣物的表面17在使用中靠近环境。
顶片12包含可渗透流体的材料，允许流体进入吸收制品10。顶片12一般是带孔膜，如带孔成形膜、无纺网状物或复合物。在图示实施方式中，顶片12包含无纺网状物。背片16一般不能渗透流体，以防流体从吸收制品漏出。背片一般用膜、无纺网状物和复合物。在图示实施方式中，背片16包含不渗液吹塑或浇铸膜。吸收芯14位于顶片12与背片16之间，包含能吸收并容留通过顶片的流体直至丢弃制品时的材料。
如图1所示，转移层15包含第一层18和第二层19。在此实施方式及其他所有实施方式中，第一层包含具有阳面20和阴面21的三维带孔成形膜。第一层18具有多个包含圆锥形结构的突起22，其侧壁23自膜18的阴面21起，沿z方向(在图1中用箭头“Z”表示)延伸。突起22终止于膜18的阳面20上的孔24。第一层18还包括排放口25。
尽管排放口25和突起22都用于控制流体，但它们的工作方式不同。排放口25的直径大于突起22的直径。因此，排放口25能够处理较大的流体排泄量，而对流体流过第一层18的阻力很小或没有明显阻力。此外，排放口25是二维的，它们没有任何超出膜的标称厚度的z方向维度。
相反，突起22的尺寸适合通过毛细作用输送流体，通过z方向上的持续虹吸，促进顶片表面上或顶片孔隙内保留的静态部分排泄物的除去。z方向上的虹吸减小了表面湿润部分或反湿润部分，或者同时减小二者，从而改善了再湿润性能。此z方向虹吸通过赋予突起22以小到足以获得毛细作用的直径来实现。
要发生持续的毛细作用，就需要提供一些途径从突起22的出口侧(即孔24处)除去流体。在吸收制品中，一种方便的途径是使毛细管的出口侧紧密接触另一种材料。不过，在现有技术的转移层中，这难以施行，特别是在同样包含直径较大的突起的转移层中。具体来说，为快速摄取动态排泄物部分所需要的直径较大的突起，在z方向上的尺寸一般大于直径较小的毛细管。因此，为使毛细管紧密接触芯子，需要在z方向上挤压或压缩较大的突起。当然，这是不妥当的，因为它不能实现较大突起的目的。因此，在现有技术的膜中，毛细管悬吊在吸收芯上方的空隙里，因而不能持续除去液体。由于排放口25是二维的，它们不会因直接接触第二层膜19而干扰突起22的带孔端，这提供了在将流体虹吸出顶片12的过程中保持持续的毛细作用所需的途径。
排放口25可具有任意所需尺寸。例如，某些实施方式的排放口25可具有大于0.2毫米2的平均横截面积和0.55-1.2毫米的平均水力直径。与之对照的是，在突起22的阴面21上测量，突起22的平均直径为50-400微米。排放口25与突起22的水力半径之比一般超过3∶1，多数情况下为4或5∶1或更高。10∶1或更大的比值也是常见的。
复合转移层网状物15的第二层19包含三维带孔成形膜，其具有阳面26和阴面27。第二层19具有多个包含圆锥形结构的突起28，其侧壁29自膜19的阴面27起，沿z方向延伸。突起28终止于膜19的阳面26上的孔30。第二层19中的突起28的直径等于或小于第一层18中的突起22的直径。具体地，在优选的实施方式中，孔28具有毛细管尺寸，小于突起22的直径，因此产生毛细梯度，持续从无纺织物顶片12“抽取”残余静态流体。不仅如此，孔30必须接触芯子(作为大规模除去流体的途径)，以维持z方向上的虹吸。
参见图2所示实施方式，吸收制品110的顶片12、芯子14和背片16均与前一实施方式相同，因而具有相同的附图标记。类似地，转移层网状物115的第一层18与前一实施方式相同，因而具有相同的附图标记。不过，转移层网状物115的第二层119不同于前一实施方式。
在图2所示实施方式中，转移层115的第二层119包含三维带孔成形膜，其具有阳面126和阴面127。多个突起128具有自阴面127起沿z方向延伸的侧壁129，终止于阳面126上的孔130。如同前一实施方式，突起128的直径等于或小于第一层18中的突起22的直径。
在图2的实施方式中，转移层115的第二层119还包括排放口131。类似于第一层18中的排放口25，排放口131是二维的，具有很少或不具有超出膜的标称厚度的z方向尺寸。排放口131所具有的尺寸适合将流体从第二层119的阴面127快速排放到阳面126。因此，它们具有的尺寸是上面讨论排放口25时提到的参数。与突起22和128不同，并没有特别要求排放口131大于或小于排放口25。不过，若排放口131实际上稍小于排放口25，则将获得一种利用突起22之间的空隙(即空余空间)提高流体在表面127上的分布的方法。这是有利的结果，可使芯子更多地暴露于排泄物。
现在参见图3，吸收制品210包含顶片12、芯子14和背片16，它们与前面的实施方式相同。类似地，转移层215的第一层18与前面的实施方式相同。因此，这些特征将不再作描述。
在图3的实施方式中，转移层215的第二层219包含三维带孔成形膜，其具有阳面226和阴面227。多个突起228具有自阴面227沿z方向延伸的侧壁229，终止于阳面226上的孔230。如前一实施方式，突起228的直径等于或小于第一层18中的突起22的直径。
在图3的实施方式中，转移层215的第二层219还包括排放口231。不同于图2的实施方式，此实施方式中的排放口231是三维的，包含自阴面227垂下来、沿z方向延伸而终止于膜219的阳面226上的孔233的侧壁232。设计排放口231的直径时，要考虑的因素与前面的实施方式中的排放口25和排放口131一样，以实现流体的快速摄取和分布。如上所述，为了确保突起228持续发挥毛细管虹吸作用，让孔230接触流体除去层如吸收芯14是非常重要的。因此，重要的是，排放口232在z方向上的尺寸要等于或小于突起228在z方向上的尺寸。
虽然附图中未示出，但不难理解，第二层219可这样制备，使其同时包括二维和三维排放口，转移层的第二层中不一定只能使用其中的一种或另一种。
现在参见图4，吸收制品310包含如同前面的实施方式中的顶片12、芯子14和背片16，以及转移层315。此实施方式中的转移层315包含顶层18，它是前面的实施方式中的成形膜。此实施方式中的转移层315的第二层319是无纺网状物。这样的实施方式中的无纺网状物应当被流体湿润，以维持流体向芯子的快速虹吸。因此，它至少应当是半疏水性的(semi-phobic)，优选是亲水的。除了实际考虑外，基重不是特别重要。具体地，无纺网状物应当具有足够的基重，以帮助减少通过排放口的再湿润现象，但基重也不宜太重，以致于导致转移层变得太大、太硬或太贵。在一些实施方式中，基重为8-24克/平方米的无纺网状物是合适的，更优选为8-18克/平方米，最优选为12-16克/平方米。
在图1-4所示实施方式中，三维结构22、28、128、228、231一般是圆锥形的。不过，应当理解，转移层的实施方式中的三维结构的形状不是重要的。具体地，三维结构的形状可以是圆形、卵形、三角形、正方形、五边形、六边形或其他任何所需形状。类似地，二维排放口25、131的形状也不是特别重要。
在设置转移层在吸收制品中的取向时，可以让阳面或阴面朝向吸收芯。在许多应用中，转移层阳面朝向吸收芯，但在一些应用中，阴面面向芯子是适宜的。
可以形成任何设计或图案，以产生转移层的各种实施方式。排放口与毛细管大小的突起可采用任何比例。视应用情况，相比于附图所示实施方式，采用更多或更少的毛细管大小的结构可能是适宜的。
应当理解，尽管本文描述了若干实施方式，但对本领域的技术人员来说显而易见的是，只要不背离说明书和权利要求书所描述的本发明，可以作出各种改进。

Claims (20)

1.一种复合物，其包含第一层和第二层，所述第一层包含具有多个毛细管大小的带孔突起和多个二维排放口的成形膜，所述第二层紧密接触所述毛细管大小的突起的带孔端，在z方向上与第一层间隔开，所述第二层选自三维带孔成形膜和无纺网状物。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合物，其特征在于，所述第二层是成形膜。
3.如权利要求2所述的复合物，其特征在于，所述第二层具有多个毛细管大小的突起，其直径小于第一层中毛细管大小的孔的直径。
4.如权利要求3所述的复合物，其特征在于，所述第二层还包含多个排放口。
5.如权利要求4所述的复合物，其特征在于，所述排放口包含二维排放口。
6.如权利要求4所述的复合物，其特征在于，所述排放口包含三维排放口。
7.如权利要求6所述的复合物，其特征在于，所述三维排放口具有z方向尺寸，其不大于毛细管大小的突起的z方向尺寸。
8.如权利要求1所述的复合物，其特征在于，所述第二层是无纺网状物。
9.一种吸收制品，其包含顶片、芯子和转移层，其中所述转移层包含第一层和第二层，所述第一层包含具有多个毛细管大小的带孔突起和多个二维排放口的成形膜，所述第二层紧密接触所述毛细管大小的突起的带孔端，在z方向上与第一层间隔开，所述第二层选自三维带孔成形膜和无纺网状物。
10.如权利要求9所述的制品，其特征在于，所述第二层是三维带孔成形膜。
11.如权利要求10所述的制品，其特征在于，所述第二层的三维带孔成形膜具有多个毛细管大小的突起，其直径小于第一层中毛细管大小的突起的直径。
12.如权利要求11所述的制品，其特征在于，所述第二层的三维成形膜还包含多个排放口。
13.如权利要求12所述的制品，其特征在于，所述排放口包含二维排放口。
14.如权利要求12所述的制品，其特征在于，所述排放口包含三维排放口。
15.如权利要求14所述的制品，其特征在于，所述三维排放口具有z方向尺寸，其不大于毛细管大小的突起的z方向尺寸。
16.如权利要求9所述的制品，其特征在于，所述第二层是无纺网状物。
17.如权利要求9所述的制品，其特征在于，所述转移层位于顶片与芯子之间。
18.如权利要求17所述的制品，其特征在于，所述转移层的第一层比第二层更靠近顶片。
19.如权利要求17所述的制品，其特征在于，所述转移层的第二层比第一层更靠近顶片。
20.如权利要求9所述的制品，其特征在于，所述制品还包含背片，其中所述转移层位于芯子与背片之间。
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US20110183109A1 (en) 2011-07-28
US20130158496A1 (en) 2013-06-20
TW201125546A (en) 2011-08-01
US8383227B2 (en) 2013-02-26
BRPI1100788A2 (pt) 2012-07-24
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TW201722386A (zh) 2017-07-01
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US8765250B2 (en) 2014-07-01
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