CN102138474B - Prevention and treatment method of freezing damage of loquat flower and fruit - Google Patents
Prevention and treatment method of freezing damage of loquat flower and fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN102138474B CN102138474B CN2010106067350A CN201010606735A CN102138474B CN 102138474 B CN102138474 B CN 102138474B CN 2010106067350 A CN2010106067350 A CN 2010106067350A CN 201010606735 A CN201010606735 A CN 201010606735A CN 102138474 B CN102138474 B CN 102138474B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a prevention and treatment method of the freezing damage of loquat flower and fruit, which comprises the following step of: spraying a CaCl2 (calcium chloride) solution with the concentration of 1-3g/L to a crown of a loquat tree 3-5 days before the coming of frosty weather with the daily minimum temperature of below zero DEG C or the daily highest relative humidity of larger than or equal to 95% according to the weather forecast during the during the period of blossom and fructify of the loquat tree in autumn and winter. When the method is adopted, the influence on loquat due to the freezing damage can be effectively reduced; loss is reduced; the period of growth and recovery of the loquat after the freezing damage is shortened; the fruit quality of the loquat is improved; the yield is increased; the method is beneficial for early maturing; and the economic benefit of peasants is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crops freezing prevention technical field, especially belong to loquat flower jelly evil Prevention Technique field.
Background technology
Loquat is the health fruit that originates in China, and property happiness warm and moist has vast potential for future development.Generally bloom in the autumn and winter and bear fruit, winter low temperature arrives on the occasion of flower bud phase, florescence, young fruit period, and loquat is vulnerable to freeze injury influence in various degree and causes the underproduction significantly.In recent years, along with the global climate environmental deterioration, natural calamity weather occurrence frequencies such as frost are increasingly high, at the yield and quality that has influenced loquat in varying degrees, become the bottleneck of restriction loquat sustainable development.Therefore, understand loquat freeze injury occurrence characteristic, and propose the important technology that corresponding prophylactico-therapeutic measures has become loquat industrialization production.
Winter low temperature is the principal element that causes the loquat underproduction; The behave at reply low temperature on the loquat at present is confined in the prevention, as the location, garden select, select cold-resistant variety and stock, rich water quality management, cutting back pruning, reinforcement weather forecast, fruit bagging, fumigation, with the plastic film shed winter protection etc.But to accomplish not make fully loquat that freeze injury takes place in the loquat production area,, as if be still impossible no matter at aspects such as technical merit or financial resources.Unique feasible be exactly to reduce loquat freeze injury occurrence degrees through various effective measures, in time the flowers and fruits of enduring cold are carried out post-processed, alleviate to greatest extent because low temperature freezing-disaster is produced harm and the loss that brings to loquat.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just provides a kind of method of preventing and treating of loquat flower jelly evil, and this method can reduce the influence that freeze injury causes loquat effectively, reduces the loss; The loquat growth recovery phase after the shortening freeze injury, improve the loquat quality, increase output; Favourable precocity, increase peasant's economic well-being of workers and staff.
The present invention solves its technical problem, and the technical scheme that is adopted is, a kind of method of preventing and treating of loquat flower jelly evil, and its way is:
The autumn and winter loquat bloom the phase of bearing fruit, according to weather forecast, before the minimum air temperature was lower than zero degree or day the highest relative moisture and arrived more than or equal to 95% frosty weather day 3～5 days are the CaCl of 1～3g/L to loquat tree crown spraying concentration
2Solution.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, the applicant discovers, CaCl
2Very easily by plant absorbing, solution is neutral does not simultaneously have injury to plant.Before arriving, loquat flowering fruit bearing stage low temperature frosty weather sprays the CaCl of selected concentration
2, can increase tree somatic cell liquid concentration on the one hand, reduce freezing point, the water chance condensation knot that sprays in the solution is emitted heat, can increase air themperature again, to improve the resistance to freeze injury of tree body; On the other hand, increase and execute calcareous fertilisers and also help to set body, also strengthened the resistance that the tree body is coerced freeze injury the absorption of other nutritive elements and the enrichment of resistance material.
The experiment proof: freeze injury sprays CaCl after taking place
2What do not spray compares, and the freeze injury index of loquat flowers and fruits Different Organs can reduce by 10%～34%; On fruit yield and quality, spray CaCl
2Can improve the glossiness of fruit, reduce loquat dehiscent fruit 26%, improve loquat output about 10%, help loquat 2～3 days maturations in advance, thereby reach the purpose that increases economic benefit.
Two, while CaCl
2As a kind of fertilizer, can be absorbed completely by the tree body, it is residual can in the loquat process of growth, not stay any bad material, meets the production requirement of nuisanceless green product.
Above-mentioned sprays CaCl to the loquat tree crown
2In 2 days behind the solution, also the orchard is carried out fumigation, the tree crown overlay film is reached fruit bagging.
Fumigation can improve in the garden about 2 ℃ of temperature, this to the prevention frost damage and night low temperature attack and have good effect; The tree crown overlay film can prevent in the cold air decline process directly and the contacting of each position of loquat body, and plays the effect of buffering, particularly at frostbite serious place takes place, and can effectively prevent whitely to contact with the direct of flowers and fruits, plays antifreeze effect; Little territory environment that fruit bagging forms can improve the young fruit environment temperature, prolongs the reaction time of fruit to freeze injury, helps improving the freezing tolerance of fruit.
Above-mentioned frosty weather arrived back 7 days in, if loquat freeze injury index reaches more than 85%, then also with containing gibberellin 200mgkg
-1With forchlorfenuron 20mgkg
-1Mixed solution soak loquat, treat to carry out bagging after fruit surface moisture dries.
When loquat young fruit generation freeze injury is serious; The mixed liquor that utilization contains gibberellin and forchlorfenuron soaks the loquat young fruit of enduring cold; Can remedy that the back takes place in freeze injury because freeze injury causes lacking of the basic element of cell division that the seed brown stain causes; Gibberellin and forchlorfenuron help the loquat young fruit to grow once more, form the loquat of s.m.p or few son, thereby improve the edible rate of loquat.Experiment is proof also: these measures can increase about single fruit weight 4.5g, and the kernal number decreased average is about 1.5 in the fruit.
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of method of preventing and treating of loquat flower jelly evil, its way is:
The autumn and winter loquat bloom the phase of bearing fruit, according to weather forecast, day the minimum air temperature to be lower than zero degree or day the highest relative moisture be preceding 3 days (the arriving as forecasting frost on the 20th, then on 17th) that 95% frosty weather arrives, be the CaCl of 2g/L to loquat tree crown spraying concentration
2Solution.
In frosty weather arrives back 7 days (arriving like frost on the 20th, then in 21-27 day), the test through the field, loquat freeze injury index all is lower than 40%.Therefore need not to take the post-processed measure.
Embodiment two
A kind of method of preventing and treating of loquat flower jelly evil, its way is:
The autumn and winter loquat bloom the phase of bearing fruit, according to weather forecast, day the minimum air temperature be lower than preceding 5 days that zero degree or day the highest relative moisture are arrived more than or equal to 95% frosty weather, be the CaCl of 3g/L to loquat tree crown spraying concentration
2Solution.
This example is spraying CaCl to the loquat tree crown
2Behind the solution 2 days (as spraying CaCl on the 20th
2Solution is then on 22nd), also the orchard is carried out fumigation, the tree crown overlay film is reached fruit bagging.
Arrived back 7 days at frosty weather, the test through the field, loquat freeze injury index reaches 90%.So, with containing gibberellin 200mgkg
-1With forchlorfenuron 20mgkg
-1Mixed solution soak loquat, treat to carry out bagging after fruit surface moisture dries.
Embodiment three
A kind of method of preventing and treating of loquat flower jelly evil, its way is:
The autumn and winter loquat bloom the phase of bearing fruit, according to weather forecast, day the minimum air temperature be lower than preceding 4 days that zero degree or day the highest relative moisture are arrived more than or equal to 95% frosty weather, be the CaCl of 1g/L to loquat tree crown spraying concentration
2Solution.
This example is spraying CaCl to the loquat tree crown
2Behind the solution 1 day (as spraying CaCl on the 20th
2Solution is then on 21st), the orchard is carried out fumigation, the tree crown overlay film is reached fruit bagging.
Because the frosty weather cooling is big, arrived back 7 days at frosty weather, test loquat freeze injury index reaches 85% through the field.Therefore, with containing gibberellin 150mgkg
-1With forchlorfenuron 15mgkg
-1Mixed solution soak loquat, treat to carry out bagging after fruit surface moisture dries.
Embodiment four
A kind of method of preventing and treating of loquat flower jelly evil, its way is:
The autumn and winter loquat bloom the phase of bearing fruit, according to weather forecast, day the minimum air temperature be lower than zero degree or day the highest relative moisture and arrived preceding 3 days more than or equal to 95% frosty weather, be the CaCl of 2g/L to loquat tree crown spraying concentration
2Solution.
This example is spraying CaCl to the loquat tree crown
2On the same day behind the solution, the orchard is carried out fumigation, the tree crown overlay film is reached fruit bagging.
Because the frosty weather cooling is big, arrived back seven days at frosty weather, test loquat freeze injury index reaches 90% through the field.Therefore, with containing gibberellin 250mgkg
-1With forchlorfenuron 25mgkg
-1Mixed solution soak loquat, treat to carry out bagging after fruit surface moisture dries.
Claims (3)
1. the method for preventing and treating of loquat flower jelly evil, its way is:
The autumn and winter loquat bloom the phase of bearing fruit, according to weather forecast, before the minimum air temperature was lower than zero degree or day the highest relative moisture and arrived more than or equal to 95% frosty weather day 3～5 days are the CaCl of 1～3g/L to loquat tree crown spraying concentration
2Solution.
2. the method for preventing and treating of a kind of loquat flower jelly evil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: saidly spray CaCl to the loquat tree crown
2In 2 days behind the solution, also the orchard is carried out fumigation, the tree crown overlay film is reached fruit bagging.
3. the method for preventing and treating of a kind of loquat flower jelly evil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in 7 days after described frosty weather arrives, if loquat freeze injury index reaches more than 85%, then also with containing gibberellin 150～250mgkg
-1With forchlorfenuron 15～25mgkg
-1Mixed solution soak loquat, treat to carry out bagging after fruit surface moisture dries.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010106067350A CN102138474B (en) | 2010-12-25 | 2010-12-25 | Prevention and treatment method of freezing damage of loquat flower and fruit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010106067350A CN102138474B (en) | 2010-12-25 | 2010-12-25 | Prevention and treatment method of freezing damage of loquat flower and fruit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102138474A CN102138474A (en) | 2011-08-03 |
| CN102138474B true CN102138474B (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010106067350A Expired - Fee Related CN102138474B (en) | 2010-12-25 | 2010-12-25 | Prevention and treatment method of freezing damage of loquat flower and fruit |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392549A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-20 | 重庆市农业技术推广总站 | Method for preventing winter fruit drop of late-maturing citrus |
| CN104396658A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-03-11 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for improving loquat fruit quality |
| CN104813890B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2017-07-11 | 山西省林业科学研究院 | It is a kind of to promote the method beared fruit of being bloomed after walnut Spring frost |
| CN105248212A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏省太湖常绿果树技术推广中心 | Loquat fruit antifreeze ability improving method |
| CN106937576B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2020-05-19 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for shortening juvenile period of loquat |
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2010
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