CN102138031A - 改善自动变速器中换档质量的方法 - Google Patents

改善自动变速器中换档质量的方法 Download PDF

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CN102138031A
CN102138031A CN2009801335160A CN200980133516A CN102138031A CN 102138031 A CN102138031 A CN 102138031A CN 2009801335160 A CN2009801335160 A CN 2009801335160A CN 200980133516 A CN200980133516 A CN 200980133516A CN 102138031 A CN102138031 A CN 102138031A
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shift
torque request
automatic transmission
gear
positive torque
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戴维.W.赖特
菲利普.拉梅特
摩根.波斯蒂克
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0437—Smoothing ratio shift by using electrical signals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B60W10/024—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches including control of torque converters
    • B60W10/026—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches including control of torque converters of lock-up clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/115—Stepped gearings with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/40—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/50—Signals to an engine or motor
    • F16H63/502—Signals to an engine or motor for smoothing gear shifts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0666—Engine torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/14—Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand
    • F16H59/18—Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand dependent on the position of the accelerator pedal
    • F16H2059/186—Coasting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H2061/0496—Smoothing ratio shift for low engine torque, e.g. during coasting, sailing or engine braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2306/00—Shifting
    • F16H2306/40—Shifting activities
    • F16H2306/42—Changing the input torque to the transmission
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20012—Multiple controlled elements
    • Y10T74/20018—Transmission control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种在自动变速器中改善换档质量的方法。在许多自动变速器中，在抬脚升档中的换档质量是不令人满意的。总体地，已知两种关于换档质量的抱怨：紧接着换档指令之后的不佳感受，在换档同步时的顿挫感。为了提供一种解决了上述两个问题的自动变速器，本发明提议在滑行升档时产生第一和第二正扭矩请求。这一措施通过在换档指令和同步时控制发动机扭矩水平改善了整体换档体验：换档初始的发动机扭矩水平被平滑地降低以减少初始顿挫感，且该扭矩水平在同步时被控制以减少离合器容量提高时重叠的程度。

Description

改善自动变速器中换档质量的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种改善自动变速器中换档质量的方法。其也涉及一种自动变速器。
背景技术
在很多自动变速器中，在松开油门升档过程中的换档是不让人满意的。总体地，已知两种关于换档质量的抱怨：
紧接着换档指令之后的不佳感受
换档同步时的顿挫感
因此本发明旨在提供一种克服了这两种问题的自动变速器。
根据本发明，可通过在滑行(coast)条件升档时产生第一和第二正扭矩请求而实现此目的。
该措施同时改善了初始换档体验和换档结束时的体验。
关于初始换档体验，本发明基于认定初始顿挫的主要原因是迅速的发动机反应时间和突然的扭矩转换。
下列措施被证明可最小化动力传动系统的震动：
待分离离合器的立刻释放(在换档指令时)：发动机扭矩非常迅速地下降且该待分离离合器没有足够的时间排空。该液压延迟较发动机反应时间要长。已认定在换档指令时立刻释放待分离离合器不能改善换档体验。
平滑待分离离合器压力范围：开环待分离压力斜线也不能改善该换档体验。初始顿挫即使在具有平滑待分离压力斜线下降时也仍然存在。概括地说，该措施延迟了震动，但并有避免它。
增加的扭矩转换器离合器(TCC)打滑：该方法利用了发动机和涡轮转速之间的打滑来过滤传动系统震动，但其具有严重的缺点，因为其影响了车辆的驾驶性，换档动力学和燃油消耗。此外，测试证明了此举措并不一定改善换档体验。
发明内容
根据本发明，一旦启动了第一正扭矩请求，该扭矩请求将降低到阈值或是到超时窗口完成。
通过控制换档指令时的发动机扭矩衰减可改善初始换档体验：换档初始阶段的发动机扭矩水平被监视且控制以获得降低初始顿挫的平滑衰减。
本发明的其他特征包括在档位和发动机速度高于此前出于安全原因设定的阈值时产生正扭矩请求。
该用来请求正扭矩的功能只在档位和发动机速度高于阈值时才是活动的；出于安全原因设定了这些阈值，以避免在城市交通中驾驶时的推动效应(push effect)。
在换档开始时正扭矩的水平基于换档类型被确定。一旦实际发动机扭矩等于扭矩请求和偏移量的和时，该请求将被按照可调整的比率随时间降低。
关于结束时的体验，通过在同步之间之前降低将接合容量(oncomingcapacity)以最小化该结束体验推动效应是可行的。经验表明良好的换档体验在换挡结束之前要求非撞击的(non-stroken)将接合离合器。然后，在同步时要求压力提升以锁止该齿轮比。这一策略结果良好，但导致了亏欠效应(underlap effect)。
根据本发明的措施通过控制同步时的发动机扭矩水平改善了整体换档体验：发动机扭矩水平被保持在平稳的水平上以减少在离合器容量(clutchcapacity)被提升时亏欠的程度。
正扭矩请求的水平被换档类型的参数函数设定(通常，被设定的值在零Nm附近)。当换档完成比例参数变得高于可调整值时，产生正扭矩请求(换档完成比例是实际传动比例和初始/最终齿轮比之间的比例)。
如本发明所述，一旦产生了第二正扭矩请求，其将持续至同步点或至超时窗口完成。
最终，本发明同时降低了初始顿挫和亏欠幅度，且避免了前述的不便。在不出现换档初始和换档结束时候的震动的情况下，提供了优异的换档质量。在换档初始时，压力和发动机水平被平滑地控制直到离合器被释放。由于发动机扭矩水平现在由传动控制模块管理，换档质量变得独立于发动机校准水平。在换档结束时，发动机亏欠被最小化。将发动机扭矩保持在几乎零Nm允许了将结合离合器的平滑应用。
具备产生第一和第二正扭矩请求的机构的自动变速器也落在本发明的范围内。
根据本发明的优选实施例，设置有在档位和发动机速度高于之前设定的阈值时控制的机构。
附图说明
在下文中，参照附图对本发明进行描述，其中：
图1示出了如现有技术所述的情形，
图2和图3示出了如本发明所述的情形。
所有的附图都示出了随时间变化的发动机扭矩(单位为Nm)和涡轮速度(单位为rpm)。
具体实施方法
图1示出了如上所述的开始和结束体验的问题：在从二档升档到三档时在待分离离合器排空和稳固同步处出现强烈的车辆加速度扰动。该单位为g的加速度由固定在车辆内的纵向加速计测得。在松开踏板后发出升档的指令(参加油门位置信号)。由于该油门位置变化，发动机扭矩水平被突然的降低，引发了在换档开始时候的不佳控制。
待接合离合器压力和待分离离合器压力(单位都为kpa)随时间的变化被示出：在滑行升档时，该“待分离”离合器在换档开始时被松开，且“待接合”离合器在同步点被使用。同步点的误时和/或“待接合”离合器的超离合容量引发了换档结束时的体验。
如图2和3示出，如本发明所述提供了两个正扭矩请求(标记为“1”和“2”)。
图2示出了第一扭矩管理请求。该扭矩请求在换档开始时是活动的但在发动机扭矩变得低于该请求和偏移量的和之前都保持不变(参见图中的偏移量ΔM)。一旦满足了该条件，请求以斜线方式下降，迫使发动机扭矩跟随期望的扭矩水平。该扭矩请求在其值低于可调整的阈值(参见“扭矩请求结束”水平)或达到最大扭矩请求持续时间(参见“超时窗口”)时被停止。
由于本发明，换档以平滑得多的发动机扭矩形状开始，这解决了换档控制问题。
图3示出了被命令的第二扭矩请求，以使同步时发动机扭矩几乎为零。这允许了平滑应用待接合离合器(该特征在指针1和指针2之间是活动的)。
扭矩请求的开始被基于传动完成比例的参数设定(此处完成比例是实际传动比和初始以及最终齿轮比之间的比值，参见图表上的变量)。扭矩请求水平和换档类型相关。
一旦正扭矩请求产生，其持续至同步点或至超时窗口完成。

Claims (7)

1.一种改善自动变速器中换档质量的方法，其特征在于在滑行升档时启动第一和第二正扭矩请求。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，一旦启动所述第一正扭矩请求，该扭矩请求被减少，直至达到阈值或超时窗口完成。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在档位和发动机的速度高于出于安全原因设定的阈值时产生所述正扭矩请求。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在档位和发动机的速度高于预先设定的阈值时产生所述正扭矩请求。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，一旦启动所述第二正扭矩请求，其持续至同步点或至超时窗口完成。
6.一种自动变速器，其特征在于设置有用来在滑行升档时启动第一和第二正扭矩请求的机构。
7.如权利要求6所述的自动变速器，其中设置有用来控制档位和发动机速度高于预先设定的阈值的机构。
CN2009801335160A 2008-08-28 2009-07-27 改善自动变速器中换档质量的方法 Pending CN102138031A (zh)

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GB0815600.2A GB2463020B (en) 2008-08-28 2008-08-28 Method for improving shift quality in an automatic transmission
GB0815600.2 2008-08-28
PCT/EP2009/005436 WO2010022835A1 (en) 2008-08-28 2009-07-27 Method for improving shift quality in an automatic transmission

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CN104828092A (zh) * 2014-04-10 2015-08-12 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 混合动力汽车的换挡方法及系统
CN112943918A (zh) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-11 蜂巢传动科技河北有限公司 升挡发动机转速同步控制方法、装置及离合器控制模块

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US8504265B2 (en) * 2011-05-20 2013-08-06 GM Global Technology Operations LLC System and method for decreasing acceleration disturbance during transmission upshifts
US8821344B2 (en) * 2011-06-08 2014-09-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Controlling a transmission skip change upshift
ITTO20110549A1 (it) 2011-06-23 2011-09-22 Torino Politecnico Cemento polimerico biomimetico e biodegradabile.
JP5948770B2 (ja) * 2011-09-14 2016-07-06 日産自動車株式会社 車両駆動装置
JP5927817B2 (ja) 2011-09-14 2016-06-01 日産自動車株式会社 車両駆動装置
US8944957B2 (en) * 2011-11-10 2015-02-03 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Change of mind shift control
US9068518B2 (en) * 2013-07-26 2015-06-30 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Monitoring of transmission-to-engine speed requests
JP5870987B2 (ja) * 2013-11-07 2016-03-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両の制御装置
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