CN102132688A - Method for breeding high-quality broiler strain with higher production performance, recessive white feathers and colored feathers - Google Patents
Method for breeding high-quality broiler strain with higher production performance, recessive white feathers and colored feathers Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding. The invention provides a method for breeding a high-quality broiler strain with higher production performance, recessive white feathers and colored feathers. The method comprises the following steps: 1. taking the foreign broiler chicken as female parents and yellow-feathered broilers with the characteristics of jute feathers and yellow shins as male parents to hybridize to generate F1 generation, selecting and reserving the individuals with jute feathers in the F1 generation, and feeding and managing the individuals in the ways of feeding and managing the breeding chicken; 2. carrying out athwart crossing and propagating on the obtained male and female individuals with jute feathers in the step 1, grouping the generated individuals respectively according to the feather colors, carrying out test crossing on the groups of individuals with other feather colors except the group of individuals with white feathers, and then purifying and fixing the beneficial characters of the groups according to the family and individual selection methods; and 3. forming the new strain with the foreign broiler chicken bloodline through systematic breeding of four or more generations of chicken. The method has the beneficial effects of substantially improving the early growth speed of the yellow-feathered broilers in China and more obviously reducing the feed-gain ratio.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the poultry breeding technical field, be specifically related to a kind of breeding method of higher productivity fryer new lines.
Background technology
The edible chicken of China urban and rural residents mainly is made up of white plumage fryer, yellow-feather broiler and superseded kind of chicken three parts.White plumage fryer mainly is meant fast large-scale fryer, from external introduction, is the leading kind of China's fryer production, and quantity is maximum, and principal item has AA+, Luo Si 308, Ke Bao and hypo sieve etc.; Yellow-feather broiler mainly is meant China's local advantage kind.Refer generally to China's landrace or import certain external blood lineage's cultivation based on this form.With respect to the large-scale white plumage fryer of state's extra income, local yellow-feather broiler one is to the welcome that is subjected to China market deeply, China's yellow feather dwarf broiler is produced, initially be towards Guangdong, Guangxi, particularly the demand in Hongkong and Macro market is launched, perfect along with the raising of people's living standard and diet structure, and the demand of yellow feather dwarf broiler continues to increase, main consumer group is high-grade catering trade and household consumption, and main product is economized and is distributed in zones such as south China, East China, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei.
China's yellow feather dwarf broiler can be classified from the shin look, can be divided into yellow shin and black shin substantially.The former likes in Guangdong, Guangxi and East China and Hong Kong and Macao; The latter mainly is distributed in southwest and to the north of the Changjiang river area.
The characteristics of yellow feather dwarf broiler are: the meat flavour deliciousness, and fine and tender taste is sliding soft, and skin is thin, and fat is an amount of between flesh, and flavor is fragrant tempting.These characteristics are that large-scale broiler chicken is incomparable.The local flavor of this uniqueness is well suited at home and abroad Chinese's tradition and eats the chicken custom, also is the food of south east asia consumer favor.
Recent two decades comes, and China's yellow-feather broiler breeding and production cause have obtained swift and violent development.With Guangdong is example, and the yellow-feather broiler of nineteen ninety Guangdong Province listing only accounts for 10%, and broiler chicken accounts for 90%, along with the raising of living standards of the people, inversion has then taken place in 2006, and yellow-feather broiler accounts for 90% of the Guangdong fryer market share.2010, China's yellow-feather broiler landings reached 3,500,000,000, had reached the half of the country of China's fryer supply.But on the whole, China's high grade chook breeding cause still is in the more extensive stage.
Yellow-feather broiler is divided into from growth rate: quick type, middling speed type and extra best best type three classes.Type requires the average market weight of 42 age in days male and females to reach 1.3 ~ 1.5kg fast; Middling speed type chicken requires hen to go on the market at 60 ~ 70 ages in days, and body weight reaches 1.4 ~ 1.7kg; The extra best best type requires hen to go on the market at 90 ~ 120 ages in days, and body weight reaches 1.2 ~ 1.7kg.No matter surging day by day along with grain on the international market and feed price is quick type or middling speed type yellow-feather broiler, and the demand that improves growth rate and egg laying performance is all arranged.Utilization normal poultry breeding method improves growth rate and egg laying performance needs bigger investment, and the annual early growth speed genetic progress that obtains has only tens grams, also only several pieces of the genetic progresses of egg number are so press for simple and practical, as can to improve China's local chicken egg laying performance in short time method in the production practices.
External broiler chicken chicken plumage look is a white, and it is fast to have long speed, and father and mother godmother side has the high excellent genes of egg laying performance, and these excellent genes are the results that go through the half a century seed selection abroad.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, surging day by day at grain on the international market and feed price, cause the present situation that chicken raising cost rises steadily, the breeding method of the fryer new lines of a kind of higher productivity (being that fast growth, feedstuff-meat ratio are low) is provided.
The present invention is that to solve the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of employing as follows:
The breeding method of a kind of higher productivity recessive white feather and coloured plumage high quality meat chicken strain, steps in sequence is:
Step 1, do female parent with external broiler chicken, do male parent with the yellow-feather broiler with jute plumage and yellow shin feature, hybridization produces F1 generation, and the F1 that selects and remain is for the individuality of jute plumage look, carries out feeding and management according to the feeding and management method of kind of chicken;
Step 2, with the male and female of step 1 gained jute plumage look individual traversed by with expand numerous, the individuality that produces is pressed plumage look cohort respectively, except that Bai Yu group, the group of other hair color carries out test cross, then each group is purified and fixing useful proterties according to family and individual choice method;
Step 3, through from generation to generation systematic breeding more than 4 or 4, form fryer new lines with higher productivity.
Step 1 and 2 described yellow-feather broilers with jute plumage and yellow shin feature refer to Hong Kong jute chicken or good phoenix flower or fast rheum officinale.
Step 1 and 2 described fast rheum officinales specifically can be selected south of the Five Ridges Huang or the yellow or new wide K96 of Guangdong fowl.
Step 1 and 2 described yellow-feather broilers with jute plumage and yellow shin feature can select to be sheerly cock or father and mother for cock or commodity for cock.
The described external broiler chicken of step 1 refers to like to pull out increasingly a kind of in (Arbor Acres is called for short the A.A. fryer), section's treasured, Luo Si or the hypo sieve.
The described external broiler chicken of step 1 can select father and mother for CD or D system or B system or AB hen for generations for generations.
The described useful proterties of step 2 refers to that growth rate is faster than the long in early days speed of the male parent in the step 1, feedstuff-meat ratio is low also low than male parent in the step 1, and crest is big and red and upright, the build circle rolls.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, among the present invention, because the external broiler chicken as female parent has the fast advantage (42 ages in days can reach 2.5kg) of long speed, as the long speed of the domestic yellow-feather broiler of male parent very slow (Hong Kong jute chicken has only 0.9kg the same period, fast rheum officinale such as south of the Five Ridges Huang, new wide K96 also has only 1.3-1.5kg).The present invention introduces the fast gene of the long speed of external broiler chicken in the domestic yellow-feather broiler, because growth rate mainly is an additive genetic effect, therefore the yellow feather dwarf broiler strain raising by a relatively large margin that the present invention cultivated the growth rate of China's yellow-feather broiler, the fast rheum officinale body weight that 42 ages in days contain 50% external broiler chicken blood lineage can reach 1.9-2.1kg, Hong Kong jute chicken can reach 1.6-1.7kg, and good phoenix is spent and can reach 1.8-2.0kg.
2, among the present invention, because the external broiler chicken as female parent has the reproductive performance advantage of higher, go into to give up hen and on average lay eggs 193 pieces 66 ages in week as liking to pull out increasingly (AA) fryer, and relatively low as the egg laying performance of the domestic yellow-feather broiler of male parent, have only the same period about 170 pieces.The present invention introduces the better reproductive performance of external broiler chicken female parent in the domestic yellow-feather broiler, because external breeding company selects the gene accumulation of reproductive performance for a long time, therefore the yellow feather dwarf broiler strain certain amplitude ground that the present invention cultivated has improved the reproductive performance of China's yellow-feather broiler, the new lines that contains 50% external broiler chicken blood lineage can improve about egg production to 180 piece, and improved reproductive performance to a certain extent, comprise laying rate, plant proterties such as egg qualification rate and fertilization rate.
3, in the step 2 of the present invention, with the male and female of step 1 gained jute feather look individual traversed by with expand numerously, the individuality of jute plumage look and recessive white feather look can be produced, reed catkins can be produced in addition, grey plumage, black plumage individuality.Wherein jute plumage look is the most important plumage look that breeding route of the present invention will be cultivated, the individuality of the jute plumage look of being cultivated not only has 50% external broiler chicken blood lineage, and hair color is that Chinese Consumer's comprises the plumage look that generally like in external Chinese area, has important economic implications.And the individuality of other plumage look can keep in step 2 according to the needs of breeding actual conditions or eliminate.
4, (comprise dominance white and recessive white two kinds) is allelomorph because the yellow feather genes of chicken and white feather genes, abroad in the process of broiler chicken breeding, for the white gene of carcass importing dominance attractive in appearance, during also be mixed with recessive white feather genes.Therefore F1 of the present invention carries yellow feather genes for meeting, and the F1 that will have the yellow shin feature of yellow plumage is for the individual traversed by of male and female, will pure and mild yellow feather genes, and make new lines plumage look present the yellow that Chinese and Southeast Asian like.Simultaneously; F1 is in the traversed by process; will isolate white feather chicken---promptly recessive white; it is identical that its heredity is gone up with the jute plumage; because the needs of the production of hybrid seeds and raising growth rate and reproductive performance; the purpose that particularly protects the intellectual property, the high grade chook breeder gets used to using recessive white, and the present invention can produce a kind of recessive white feather fryer new lines of high productivity energy.
Control feather color individual in the fryer new lines of the present invention if desired, if the control feather color has only the jute plumage, then in the seed selection of step 2 and step 3, it is faster than the male parent early growth speed in the step 1 except growth rate to select principle, feedstuff-meat ratio is low, and outside crest is big and red and upright, the build circle rolls, also to add the requirement of only selecting jute feather look.
5, the present invention can the blood lineage import China's yellow feather dwarf broiler strain with external broiler chicken high productivity, in the short period of time, obtain the genetic progress of economic characters, improved the productivity of China's yellow-feather broiler greatly, the gene of the excellent productivity of external kind have been made full use of, the achievement of having shared world's human civilization, the technology of the present invention route have been enriched China's yellow-feather broiler breeding theory, have great practice and economic implications.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described in detail.Following embodiment is of the present invention specifying; among the embodiment mentioned as male parent and maternal chicken concrete kind and specifically be that pure lines, father and mother's generation or commodity generations are not limitation of the invention, the present invention protected, and also to be not limited to embodiment listed.
Because traversed by, to expand numerous, test cross method, family system of selection, individual choice method, systematic breeding all be the method that those skilled in the art use always, therefore do not do detailed description at this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of main breeding method as the special-purpose male parent line of yellow-feather broiler, steps in sequence is:
Step 1, do male parent with Hong Kong jute chicken pure lines cock, father and mother with broiler chicken AA do female parent for CD, hybridization produces F1 generation, in F1 generation, contained the blood lineage of the father and mother of 50% AA for CD, F1 the individuality of a spot of jute feather look and more white plumage individuality occur for meeting, select and remain F1 for the individuality of jute plumage look, and carry out feeding and management according to kind of a fowl raising management method;
Step 2, F1 fixes for the male and female of jute feather look individual traversed by and expands numerous, in this process, individual external except producing the jute plumage, also can isolate recessive white feather, reed catkins, the ash plumage, black plumage individuality, individuality difference cohort with above-mentioned various hair colors, except that stealthy Bai Yu colony, the individuality of other hair color will pass through test cross, and according to family and purification of individual choice method and economic characters such as fixed growth speed and reproductive performance, pay attention to appearance characters such as sexual maturity and build in addition, select fast growth, the reproductive performance height, the individuality that crest is big and red and upright and the build circle rolls then can produce the jute plumage of higher productivity respectively, recessive white feather, reed catkins, the ash plumage, black plumage new lines underlying group;
Step 3, through 4 useful proterties seed selections of generation, then form yellow plumage, recessive white feather, reed catkins, the grey plumage contain 50% external broiler chicken blood lineage respectively, deceive plumage fryer new lines.
Through the high quality meat chicken new lines that this method is cultivated, growth rate is that 42 age in days body weight are 1.9-2.0kg, and feedstuff-meat ratio reduces 0.1-0.2, goes into to give up hen 66 ages in week and lays eggs and improve 8-12 piece, and growth rate and reproductive performance significantly improve than domestic existing yellow-feather broiler.
Embodiment 2
A kind of main breeding method as the special-purpose male parent line of yellow-feather broiler, steps in sequence is:
Step 1, do male parent for cock with good phoenix flower father and mother, with section's treasured for generations D system do female parent, hybridization produces F1 generation, F1 is the blood lineage for the precious D of the section of containing 50%, F1 the individuality of a small amount of jute feather look and more white plumage individuality occur for meeting, select and remain F1 for the individuality of jute feather look, and carry out feeding and management according to kind of a fowl raising management method;
Step 2, F1 is for the male and female chicken traversed by of jute feather look, in this process, individual external except producing the jute plumage, also can isolate recessive white feather, reed catkins, the ash plumage, black plumage individuality, with the individual and recessive white individual cohort respectively of jute plumage, the jute chicken will pass through test cross, and according to family and the purification of individual choice method and fixed growth speed and reproductive performance, pay attention to the shin look in addition, sexual maturity, face shapings such as build select growth rate to spend soon than former good phoenix, egg laying performance is than former good phoenix flower hen height, crest is big and red and upright, the individuality that the build circle rolls then can produce the jute plumage and the recessive white new lines underlying group of higher productivity respectively;
Step 3, through the seed selection of 5 useful proterties of generation, then form yellow-feather broiler and the recessive white feather fryer new lines that contains 50% external broiler chicken blood lineage respectively.
Yellow feather dwarf broiler and Bai Yu fryer new lines through this method cultivation, 42 age in days growth rate are 1.8-2.0kg, feedstuff-meat ratio reduces 0.1-0.2, goes into to give up hen 66 ages in week and lays eggs and improve 6-9 piece, and growth rate and reproductive performance significantly improve than domestic existing yellow-feather broiler.
Embodiment 3
A kind of main breeding method as the special-purpose male parent line of yellow-feather broiler, steps in sequence is:
Step 1, do male parent for cock with the yellow commodity of Guangdong fowl, B for generations with Luo Si is that hen is cooked female parent, hybridization produces F1 generation, the B for generations that F1 generation is contained 50% Luo Si is the blood lineage, F1 the individuality of a spot of jute feather look and more white plumage individuality occur for meeting, select and remain F1 for the male and female chicken of jute feather look, and carry out feeding and management according to kind of a fowl raising management method;
Step 2, F1 is for the male and female chicken traversed by of jute feather look, in this process in the process, individual external except producing the jute plumage, also can isolate recessive white feather, reed catkins, the ash plumage, black plumage individuality, with the individual and recessive white individual cohort respectively of jute plumage, the jute chicken will pass through test cross, and according to family and the purification of individual choice method and fixed growth speed and reproductive performance, pay attention to the shin look in addition, sexual maturity, face shapings such as build are selected fast growth, reproductive performance is good, crest is big and red and upright, the individuality that the build circle rolls then can produce the jute plumage and the recessive white feather new lines underlying group of higher productivity respectively;
Step 3, through the useful proterties seed selections of 6 generations, then form yellow plumage and the recessive white feather fryer new lines that contains 50% external broiler chicken blood lineage respectively.
Through yellow feather dwarf broiler and recessive white feather fryer new lines that this method is cultivated, 42 age in days growth rate are 1.8-2.0kg.Feedstuff-meat ratio reduces 0.1-0.2, and growth rate significantly improves than domestic existing yellow-feather broiler.
Embodiment 4
A kind of main breeding method as the special-purpose male parent line of yellow-feather broiler, steps in sequence is:
Step 1, do male parent for cock with new wide K96 father and mother, do female parent with the precious father and mother of section for CD, hybridization produces F1 generation, F1 is for the precious father and mother godmother of the section chicken CD blood lineage of containing 50%, F1 the individuality of a small amount of jute plumage look and more white plumage individuality occur for meeting, select and remain F1 for the individuality of jute feather look, and carry out feeding and management according to kind of a fowl raising management method;
Step 2, the male and female of step 1 gained jute feather look individual traversed by is fixed and is expanded numerous, in this process in the process, individual external except producing the jute plumage, also can isolate recessive white feather, reed catkins, the ash plumage, black plumage individuality, with the individual and recessive white individual cohort respectively of jute plumage, the jute chicken will pass through test cross, and according to family and the purification of individual choice method and fixed growth speed and reproductive performance, pay attention to the shin look in addition, sexual maturity, face shapings such as build are selected fast growth, reproductive performance is good, crest is big and red and upright, the individuality that the build circle rolls then can produce the jute plumage and the recessive white new lines underlying group of higher productivity respectively;
Step 3, through the seed selection of 4 useful proterties of generation, then form yellow plumage and the recessive white feather fryer new lines that contains 50% external broiler chicken blood lineage respectively.
Through yellow feather dwarf broiler and recessive white feather fryer new lines that this method is cultivated, 42 age in days growth rate are 1.9-2.1kg, and feedstuff-meat ratio reduces 0.1-0.2, go into to give up 10-13 piece of hen egg laying performance 66 ages in week.Growth rate and egg laying performance significantly improve than domestic existing yellow-feather broiler.
Embodiment 5
A kind of main breeding method as the special-purpose male parent line of yellow-feather broiler, steps in sequence is:
Step 1, do male parent with the yellow father and mother in the south of the Five Ridges for cock, do female parent with the by product AB hen that broiler chicken AA produces for generations, hybridization produces F1 generation, the individuality of the F1 jute plumage look of selecting and remain, and carry out feeding and management according to kind of a fowl raising management method;
The male and female of step 2, step 1 gained jute feather look individual traversed by then can produce jute plumage male and female individuality, rejects stealthy white plumage and other plumage color gene by test cross, keeps jute plumage look individuality.Purify and fixed growth speed and reproductive performance according to family and individual choice method, in addition, pay attention to the shin look, sexual maturity, face shapings such as plumage look and build are selected fast growth, feedstuff-meat ratio is low, crest is big and red and uprightly and the individuality that rolls of build circle;
Step 3, through the seed selections of 6 generations, form for corss combination yellow-feather broiler new lines use, that contain external broiler chicken AA 50% blood lineage.
Through the yellow feather dwarf broiler new lines that this method is cultivated, 42 age in days growth rate are 1.9-2.1kg.Feedstuff-meat ratio reduces 0.1-0.2, and growth rate significantly improves than domestic existing yellow-feather broiler.This embodiment new lines mainly is used as the terminal male parent of yellow-feather broiler.
Claims (7)
1. the breeding method of a higher productivity recessive white feather and coloured plumage high quality meat chicken strain, steps in sequence is:
Step 1, do female parent with external broiler chicken, do male parent with the yellow-feather broiler with jute plumage and yellow shin feature, hybridization produces F1 generation, and the F1 that selects and remain is for the individuality of jute plumage look, carries out feeding and management according to the feeding and management method of kind of chicken;
Step 2, with the male and female of step 1 gained jute plumage look individual traversed by with expand numerous, the individuality that produces is pressed plumage look cohort respectively, except that Bai Yu group, the group of other hair color carries out test cross, then each group is purified and fixing useful proterties according to family and individual choice method;
Step 3, through from generation to generation systematic breeding more than 4 or 4, form fryer new lines with higher productivity.
2. the breeding method of higher productivity recessive white feather according to claim 1 and coloured plumage high quality meat chicken strain is characterized in that: step 1 and 2 described yellow-feather broilers with jute plumage and yellow shin feature refer to Hong Kong jute chicken or good phoenix flower or fast rheum officinale.
3. the breeding method of higher productivity recessive white feather according to claim 2 and coloured plumage high quality meat chicken strain is characterized in that: step 1 and 2 described fast rheum officinales specifically can be selected south of the Five Ridges Huang or the yellow or new wide K96 of Guangdong fowl.
4. according to the breeding method of claim 2 or 3 described higher productivity recessive white feathers and coloured plumage high quality meat chicken strain, it is characterized in that: step 1 and 2 described yellow-feather broilers with jute plumage and yellow shin feature can select to be sheerly cock or father and mother for cock or commodity for cock.
5. the breeding method of higher productivity recessive white feather according to claim 1 and coloured plumage high quality meat chicken strain is characterized in that: the described external broiler chicken of step 1 refers to like to pull out increasingly, a kind of in section's treasured, Luo Si or the hypo sieve.
6. the breeding method of higher according to claim 1 or 5 productivity recessive white feather and coloured plumage high quality meat chicken strain is characterized in that: the described external broiler chicken of step 1 can select for generations B system or for generations D system or father and mother for CD or AB hen.
7. the breeding method of higher productivity recessive white feather according to claim 1 and coloured plumage high quality meat chicken strain, it is characterized in that: the described useful proterties of step 2 refers to that growth rate is faster than the long in early days speed of the male parent in the step 1, feedstuff-meat ratio is low, and crest is big and red and upright, the build circle rolls.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN102499174A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-06-20 | 广东粤禽育种有限公司 | Method for breeding novel high-efficiency superior yellow-feathered broilers |
| CN104273086A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-14 | 成都农业科技职业学院 | Breeding method of high-quality chickens |
| CN104938414A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-30 | 广西南丹益康牧业开发有限公司 | Breeding method for broiler chicken |
| CN104957085A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-10-07 | 广西南丹益康牧业开发有限公司 | Broiler breeding stealing preventing method |
| CN105248358A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2016-01-20 | 日照市畜牧站 | High production performance Rizhao ma chicken new strain cultivation method |
| CN106962277A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-21 | 宿州市国基禽业有限公司 | A kind of method of Huaibei partridge chicken hybrid seeding |
| CN111418551A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-07-17 | 南昌师范学院 | Method for breeding high-quality white feather chicken with meat and eggs |
| CN114931126A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-23 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Breeding method of yellow-feather broiler with high intestinal activity |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499174A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-06-20 | 广东粤禽育种有限公司 | Method for breeding novel high-efficiency superior yellow-feathered broilers |
| CN104273086A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-14 | 成都农业科技职业学院 | Breeding method of high-quality chickens |
| CN104938414A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-30 | 广西南丹益康牧业开发有限公司 | Breeding method for broiler chicken |
| CN104957085A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-10-07 | 广西南丹益康牧业开发有限公司 | Broiler breeding stealing preventing method |
| CN105248358A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2016-01-20 | 日照市畜牧站 | High production performance Rizhao ma chicken new strain cultivation method |
| CN106962277A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-21 | 宿州市国基禽业有限公司 | A kind of method of Huaibei partridge chicken hybrid seeding |
| CN111418551A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-07-17 | 南昌师范学院 | Method for breeding high-quality white feather chicken with meat and eggs |
| CN114931126A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-23 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Breeding method of yellow-feather broiler with high intestinal activity |
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Application publication date: 20110727 |