CN102132678A - Cultivation method of triploid fries of haliotis discuses - Google Patents
Cultivation method of triploid fries of haliotis discuses Download PDFInfo
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- CN102132678A CN102132678A CN2011100528786A CN201110052878A CN102132678A CN 102132678 A CN102132678 A CN 102132678A CN 2011100528786 A CN2011100528786 A CN 2011100528786A CN 201110052878 A CN201110052878 A CN 201110052878A CN 102132678 A CN102132678 A CN 102132678A
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- haliotis
- triploid
- bao
- discuses
- abalone
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method of triploid fries of haliotis discuses and relates to abalone. The cultivation method comprises the following steps of: selecting haliotis discuses which have the shell length in the range of 7-12cm, have good individual vitality, and have no damage on muscles as parent abalones, developing artificial feeding on the parent abalones, and ensuring the synchronous maturity of the gonadal development of the parent abalones through the artificial feeding; simulating the parent abalones by adopting an artificial propagation method, respectively inducing the parent abalones to produce milt and lay eggs, collecting the milt and eggs for artificial insemination, and obtaining fertilized eggs of the haliotis discuses; and washing the fertilized eggs of the haliotis discuses for 10-15min through seawater with the temperature of 2-3 DEG C based on the time of observing 30%-50% of the fertilized eggs of the haliotis discuses to produce first polar bodies under an optical microscope as starting time. A ploidy analyzer is adopted to detect the triploid rate of cultured fries of the haliotis discuses after the low temperature induction. When the cultivation method is adopted, the triploid fries of haliotis discuses characterized in excellent quality, rapid growth, large body, high survival rate and the like can be cultivated in a large scale, and the cultivation method has good economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to abalone, the breeding method of particularly a kind of abalone triploid seed.
Background technology
Abalone is a kind of precious precious marine product, is described as first of the marine products eight delicacies.As the dietotherapy good merchantable brand of invigorant that is of high nutritive value and adjusting human physiological functions, abalone have the title of " soft gold ".Because the wretched insufficiency of haliotis discus hannai Ino natural resources, along with domestic and international market growing to the abalone demand, the haliotis discus hannai Ino price is soaring year by year on the market, has market prospects preferably.In addition, haliotis discus hannai Ino has huge market potential in countries and regions such as Japan, Korea S, Southeast Asia and Hong Kong, Taiwan, is the improved seeds of foreign exchange earning.Because the haliotis discus hannai Ino growth rate is slower, growth cycle is longer, needs 2～3 years just can reach the market sale specification usually, thus haliotis discus hannai Ino propagate the demand that can not satisfy market far away artificially.
But Chinese patent application CN201010235604.6 discloses a kind of haliotis discus hannai Ino parent Bao accelerating method of ahead of time seedling-cultivating, select that shell length is at least 9cm, maturity of fish gonads is 3～4 one-tenth, strong and the disease-free haliotis discus hannai Ino of vigor and sorptive force is as close Bao, and male Bao and the quantity of female Bao are than 80～100 in the close Bao: 500～1000; Be divided into and early stage, intergrade and three time periods of later stage cultivate close Bao, the cultivation time in early stage is 40～50 days, and water temperature is 15～18 ℃, the salt marsh sea-tangle of feeding; The intermediate rearing time is 40～50 days, and water temperature is 17～22 ℃, the bright sea-tangle of feeding; The cultivation time in later stage is 20 days, and water temperature is 19～22 ℃, the dried laver of feeding, thus can do sth. in advance accelerating haliotis discus hannai Ino parent Bao.
The expection of triploid aquatic livestock is sterile, and its sexual gland can not be reached maturity, and can not raise up seed.Therefore the energy loss that does not have sexual maturity stage gonad development, the energy that is used for gonad development can be used for growth, thereby promotes individual growth, has avoided the growth retardation and the high mortality problem in gonad development stage.This is all having a good application prospect aspect control excessive multiplication and the quickening growth rate.
The ploidy operation is an effective way of aquatile cell engineering breeding, and the main method of carrying out the ploidy operation at present has following several: physical method is handled fertilized egg, comprises hot and cold shock and hydrostatic platen press.Utilize chemical reagent to handle the embryo, comprise and use cytochalasin B (hereinafter to be referred as CB), caffeine, 6-dimethylaminopurine (hereinafter to be referred as 6-DMAP).Though the chemical method inductivity is higher, the chemical reagent existence costs an arm and a leg and has strong toxicity, human health is existed threaten, so application aborning is restricted.Advantages such as physical method has simple to operate, and is pollution-free are fit to carry out triploid induction work, but the experiment purpose of existing report mainly is to carry out scientific research, experimental size is less, and the yielding ability problem is not taken in, and therefore is difficult to aborning apply.
Summary of the invention
It is slow to the present invention is directed in the existing cultural technique haliotis discus hannai Ino growth rate, and the problem that breeding period, survival rate descended provides the breeding method of a kind of fast, individual big, abalone triploid seed that survival rate is high that grows.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) plant the accelerating of Bao: choose the long scope of shell at 7～12cm, individual vitality of subject is good, the undamaged haliotis discus hannai Ino of muscle is as kind of a Bao, to kind of a Bao Jinhang artificial feeding;
2) the synchronous growth of haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg: adopt the method for artificial induced spawning to stimulate kind of a Bao, induce kind of a Bao Paijing respectively, lay eggs, collect sperm and ovum, carry out artificial insemination, obtain haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg;
3) haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg is induced: first polar body to occur be initial induction time to observe 30%～50% haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg under light microscope, with 2～3 ℃ of seawater flushing haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized eggs, induce the back to adopt the ploidy analysis instrument to detect the triploid rate of the haliotis discus hannai Ino seed of cultivating.
In step 1), the bait during described artificial feeding is formed and be can be sea-tangle 30～55 by mass ratio, river hedge 50～80, and laver 20～40, described to kind of a Bao Jinhang artificial feeding, preferably control kind of Bao gonad development is ripe synchronously.
In step 2) in, described artificial insemination is preferably in after the described sperm output in the 30min, carries out in the 1h after the described ovum output; Kind Bao male and female ratio can be (30～50) during described artificial insemination: 1; It is (500～800) ten thousand/L that described haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg can adopt the bolting silk mesh bag to be concentrated into fertilized egg density.
In step 3), the time of described flushing can be 10～15min.
The present invention proposes a kind of method new, that utilize low temperature induction generation abalone triploid seed, can cultivate the abalone triploid seeds of fine qualities such as having growth is fast, individuality is big, survival rate height in large-scale production.Treatment temperature of the present invention, processing starting and duration can guarantee to obtain higher embryo and doubly change rate of larva, incubation rate and survival rate; detect through the ploidy analysis instrument; triploid rate reaches 70%; and processing mode is comparatively easy, is adapted at scale and carries out the production of triploid seed.The triploid haliotis discus hannai Ino that adopts the method for the invention to cultivate is generally sterile or fertility is low, and therefore the general agensis of sexual gland during mating season has fast growth, cultures advantages such as survival rate height, meat flavour deliciousness, has good economic benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) choose the long scope of shell at 7～12cm before the haliotis discus hannai Ino gonad maturity, individual vitality of subject is good, the undamaged haliotis discus hannai Ino of muscle is as kind of a Bao, and carrying out artificial culture, to make all plant Bao gonad developments ripe simultaneously.
2) adopt the method for artificial induced spawning to stimulate kind of a Bao, induce kind of a Bao to lay eggs respectively or arrange essence, and collect sperm and ovum respectively.15min after the sperm output in the 40min, carries out artificial insemination after the ovum output, and the kind Bao male and female ratio that participates in insemination is 30: 1.After fertilization concentrates ten thousand/L of fertilized egg to 500 with 300 mesh sieve tulle bags rapidly.
3) under light microscope, observe when first polar body appears in 30%～50% fertilized egg and begin fertilized egg is carried out triploid induction, adopting temperature when inducing is the bolting silk mesh bag of 3 ℃ the concentrated fertilized egg of seawater flushing band, guarantee that all fertilized eggs all place 3 ℃ seawater, continual rinsing 15min.
Adopt this method to detect through the ploidy analysis instrument obtain the abalone triploid seed in large-scale production, triploid rate can reach 70%, compare with chemical method, the method is easy and simple to handle, to operator and the equal avirulence of environment, is adapted at promoting in the large-scale production and application.
Embodiment 2
1) choose the long scope of shell at 7～12cm before the haliotis discus hannai Ino gonad maturity, individual vitality of subject is good, the undamaged haliotis discus hannai Ino of muscle is as kind of a Bao, and carrying out artificial culture, to make all plant Bao gonad developments ripe simultaneously.
2) adopt the method for artificial induced spawning to stimulate kind of a Bao, induce kind of a Bao to lay eggs respectively or arrange essence, and collect sperm and ovum respectively.20min after the sperm output in the 50min, carries out artificial insemination after the ovum output, and the kind Bao male and female ratio that participates in insemination is 40: 1.After fertilization concentrates ten thousand/L of fertilized egg to 800 with 300 mesh sieve tulle bags rapidly.
3) under light microscope, observe when first polar body appears in 30%～50% fertilized egg and begin fertilized egg is carried out triploid induction, adopting temperature when inducing is the bolting silk mesh bag of 2 ℃ the concentrated fertilized egg of seawater flushing band, guarantee that all fertilized eggs all place 2 ℃ seawater, continual rinsing 12min.Detect through the ploidy analysis instrument, triploid rate is 63%.
Adopt this method to compare with chemical method obtain the abalone triploid seed in large-scale production, the method is easy and simple to handle, and to operator and the equal avirulence of environment, the triploid haliotis discus hannai Ino of being cultivated has the advantages that growth is fast, premunition is strong.
Claims (7)
1. the breeding method of an abalone triploid seed is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1) plant the accelerating of Bao: choose the long scope of shell at 7～12cm, individual vitality of subject is good, the undamaged haliotis discus hannai Ino of muscle is as kind of a Bao, to kind of a Bao Jinhang artificial feeding;
2) the synchronous growth of haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg: adopt the method for artificial induced spawning to stimulate kind of a Bao, induce kind of a Bao Paijing respectively, lay eggs, collect sperm and ovum, carry out artificial insemination, obtain haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg;
3) haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg is induced: first polar body to occur be initial induction time to observe 30%～50% haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg under light microscope, with 2～3 ℃ of seawater flushing haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized eggs, induce the back to adopt the ploidy analysis instrument to detect the triploid rate of the haliotis discus hannai Ino seed of cultivating.
2. the breeding method of a kind of abalone triploid seed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 1), and it is 30～55 parts in sea-tangle that the bait during described artificial feeding is formed by mass ratio, 50～80 parts on river hedge, 20～40 parts of lavers.
3. the breeding method of a kind of abalone triploid seed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 1), and is described to kind of a Bao Jinhang artificial feeding, is that control kind of Bao gonad development is ripe synchronously.
4. the breeding method of a kind of abalone triploid seed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2) in, described artificial insemination is in the 30min, to carry out in the 1h after the described ovum output after described sperm output.
5. the breeding method of a kind of abalone triploid seed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2) kind Bao male and female ratio is 30～50: 1 during described artificial insemination.
6. the breeding method of a kind of abalone triploid seed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2) described haliotis discus hannai Ino fertilized egg adopts the bolting silk mesh bag to be concentrated into fertilized egg density to be (500～800) ten thousand/L.
7. the breeding method of a kind of abalone triploid seed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 3), and the time of described flushing is 10～15min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100528786A CN102132678A (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2011-03-04 | Cultivation method of triploid fries of haliotis discuses |
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| CN2011100528786A CN102132678A (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2011-03-04 | Cultivation method of triploid fries of haliotis discuses |
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| CN2011100528786A Pending CN102132678A (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2011-03-04 | Cultivation method of triploid fries of haliotis discuses |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103548730A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for inducing and collecting high-quality sperms of haliotis discus hannai |
| CN110178799A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-30 | 厦门大学 | A kind of abductive approach of abalone triploid |
| CN110278921A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-27 | 厦门大学 | A kind of method of chemical induction Bao allotriploid |
-
2011
- 2011-03-04 CN CN2011100528786A patent/CN102132678A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103548730A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for inducing and collecting high-quality sperms of haliotis discus hannai |
| CN103548730B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | The induction of a kind of haliotis discus hannai Ino high-quality sperm and acquisition method |
| CN110178799A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-30 | 厦门大学 | A kind of abductive approach of abalone triploid |
| CN110278921A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-27 | 厦门大学 | A kind of method of chemical induction Bao allotriploid |
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Application publication date: 20110727 |