CN102131631B - 在激光透射方法中连接管状零件的激光头和方法 - Google Patents

在激光透射方法中连接管状零件的激光头和方法 Download PDF

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CN102131631B
CN102131631B CN200980133302.3A CN200980133302A CN102131631B CN 102131631 B CN102131631 B CN 102131631B CN 200980133302 A CN200980133302 A CN 200980133302A CN 102131631 B CN102131631 B CN 102131631B
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laser
linkage section
laser head
end segment
pipe
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CN102131631A (zh
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E·斯托弗
P·巴梅特
O·欣茨
M·舍特
U·古布勒
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Leister Technologies AG
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Leister Technologies AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52292—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1664—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1667—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/1683—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
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    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52297—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising slip-off prevention means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8262—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined using "pressure means" which are associated with at least one of the parts to be joined and remain in or on it
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
    • F16L21/002—Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于在激光透射方法中连接管状零件（1，3，12，13）的激光头（11）以及一种用于借助激光头（11）连接管状零件（1，3，12，13）的方法。激光头（11）和用激光头（11）可实施的方法尤其是适用于将连接或分路元件（1）与塑料管（3）的末端相连接。激光头（11）能够实现同时的焊接和具有至少两个径向互相可分开的壳部分（16），使得可以围绕管状零件（1，3，12，13）的连接段（4）或连接区域（15）放置激光头（1）。在壳部分（16）中如此布置若干激光源（17），使得从激光源（17）出发的激光束（7）在零件（1，3，12，13）的连接段（4）处或在连接区域（15）处重叠。

Description

在激光透射方法中连接管状零件的激光头和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于在激光透射焊接方法中连接管状零件的激光头以及一种用于按照激光透射焊接方法将连接或分路元件与塑料管的末端相连接的方法。
背景技术
公知的是，在激光透射焊接方法中同时焊接由热塑性塑料制成的在端面侧相碰的或在末端侧重叠的管状零件。用唯一的激光光源可以准同时地或用若干激光光源可以完全同时地进行同时的焊接。在几乎同时的激光焊接方法中，由环形的射束偏转设备包围工件的连接点，所述射束偏转设备借助从激光光源出发的激光束持续圆形地被扫描并且所述射束偏转设备将激光束直角地朝向连接点偏转。在完全同时的激光焊接方法中，圆形地围绕工件的连接点布置激光光源，其中，激光束在连接点处重叠。
为了借助多个激光光源同时焊接，示范性地参阅公布文件DE 10 2004 003 696 A1。该文件公布一种用于同时焊接工件的装置，包括若干激光光源，其中如此将激光光源布置在外壳中，使得从激光光源发送出的激光束生成至少一个具有逐段基本上恒定的能量密度的径向上进一步位于内部的区域，其中工件可以被引入到所述区域中。尤其是在长的工件的情况下，在激光光源的中心引入和夹紧工件已证实为困难的。
发明内容
从以上所述的现有技术出发，本发明所基于的任务在于，说明一种用于将管末端段与连接或分路元件的连接段相连接的可能性，该可能性的特征在于，在运行安全的液密的或气密的焊接连接的情况下显著缩短焊接时间，其中，特别重视在外部管圆周面和连接或分路元件的所分配的内圆周之间的无瑕疵的焊接。
根据本发明，通过具有权利要求1的特征的激光头以及通过具有并列权利要求6的特征的连接方法来解决该任务。从回引的（rückbezogen）权利要求中可以获得其它有利的扩展方案。
用于在激光透射焊接方法中连接管状零件的本发明激光头能够实现管状零件互相的同时焊接。在此可以对接地（stumpf）或重叠地互相焊接管状零件。要连接的管状零件对于不重叠的焊接在末端段处具有相同的截面形状，而所述要连接的管状零件对于重叠的焊接具有轮廓相同的截面形状，所述截面形状如此被构造，使得在构造滑配合或轻压配合的情况下可以将管状零件之一利用其末端段在端面侧插入另一管状零件的末端段中。为此可以在管状零件之一的末端段处以连接套筒的形式来成形连接元件，或将与管状零件协调的连接或分路元件推向管状零件并按照激光透射焊接方法与该管状零件相连接或使与该管状零件相连接。
为了简单地实现同时的焊接，本发明激光头优选完全地包围零件的连接段和/或连接区域，其中，激光头具有至少两个径向上互相可分开的壳部分，其中如此布置若干激光源，使得从激光源出发的激光束在连接段或连接区域处重叠。优选本发明的以下实施形式，其中在连接区域或段处的重叠在要连接的零件的圆周方向上是无空隙的，和/或激光头具有两个半壳。
 通过垂重于要连接的管状零件的纵向可分开的壳部分，可以与要连接的零件的管长度无关地围绕焊接点放置可分的激光头，并从而可将要连接的零件的连接区域接纳在激光头的接纳空间中，所述接纳空间理想地布置在激光头中心。通过分别集成的光学装置可以如此将从壳部分出发的激光束进行成形、偏转和聚焦，使得来自各个激光源的激光束在要制造的焊缝处重叠。因此在焊缝的整个周围上确保激光的均匀的功率分布。可以或者将集成式激光单源或者将集成式激光条或者也将间断（absetzen）成光导块的激光源使用为激光源。
在本发明的变型方案中，如此构成接纳空间的直径，或用设备如此来配备接纳空间，使得壳部分在连接区域中径向挤压要连接的零件，以致于也可以在无压配合的情况下例如用滑配合毫无问题地在圆周处互相连接管状零件。
当然也可以用可分的激光头通过激光焊接来互相连接管状零件，其中已经在轴向重叠的末端段处存在压配合。为此激光束优选对准在要焊接的零件之一处成形的桥接元件，该桥接元件桥接在管状零件的重叠的末端段之间的径向的环状间隙。在最简单的情况下，引起压配合的桥接元件例如可以是在搭接的末端段的内圆周处突出地设置的在径向方向上环绕的低环形套环。
用于与另一管状零件的末端连接的连接或分路元件原则上也可以取代管状零件之一，其中，连接元件或分路元件具有用于接纳和优选用于密封固定另一个管状零件的可插入的管末端的空心圆柱形连接段、这样的桥接元件。尽管压匹配，环形套环还是能够实现将管末端简单地轴向插入连接或分路元件中。在连接或分路元件之间的压配合对于管末端段的外圆周与环形套环的可靠的焊接是足够的。桥接元件部分地桥接在所插入的管的管末端段和连接或分路元件的连接段之间所形成的环形间隙。
管末端段在此理想地具有仅些微大于环形套环的内直径的外直径。通过在管的端面处或多或少长的棱角可以使管末端到具有布置在连接段中的环形套环的连接或分路元件中的插入简化。在将管插入连接段中时，优选进行环形套环的些微的变形或挤压，这引起在管末端段和桥接元件之间的压配合。与如何相对于在环形套环范围中连接段的壁厚来构造要连接的管的壁厚有关，在此也可能导致管末端段和/或连接段的径向变形。
按照用于根据激光透射焊接方法将连接或分路元件与由热塑性塑料组成的管的末端相连接的本发明方法，规定以下的方法步骤。在此，连接或分路元件具有用于接纳和用于密封固定可插入的管末端的空心圆柱形连接段，其中，在形成压配合的情况下可将管末端段插入连接段中，并借助激光头、例如以上所述的激光头同时进行焊接。
首先提供具有管末端段的管以及连接或分路元件，该连接或分路元件的连接段在内圆周处具有用于部分地桥接环形间隙的成形的环绕的桥接元件，其中桥接元件与管段的外圆周能够实现压配合。然后将管的末端插入连接或分路元件的连接段中，其中在连接段的桥接元件和管末端段之间产生压配合。随后围绕连接或分路元件布置激光头的径向可分开的壳部分，所述壳部分至少完全包围连接段。接着，用从布置在壳部分中的激光源出发的激光束来照射连接段、优选桥接元件。激光束在此如此对准连接段，使得所述激光束在连接区域中重叠，并且桥接元件在径向挤压压力下与管末端段的外圆周焊接。
附图说明
以下借助附图中所示出的实施例来详细阐述本发明。从本发明实施例的以下说明中结合权利要求和附图得出本发明的其它特征。各个特征可以单独地或多个地在本发明的不同实施形式中实现。以示意的剖视图的形式：
图1示出具有分开的半壳的根据本发明的可分的激光头；
图2示出在焊接过程中具有拼合的半壳的、图1的激光头；和
图3示出具有桥接元件的连接元件，用于在激光透射焊接方法中连接两个管末端。
具体实施方式
图1、2示出用于在激光透射方法中连接管状零件12、13的本发明激光头11。用激光头11例如也可以将在图3中所示的连接元件1与管3沿着内圆周密封地焊接。在激光头11的中央接纳空间14中进行零件1、3或12、13的焊接，所述中央接纳空间包围管状零件12、13的连接区域15或零件1、3的连接段4。像可从图1中可得出的那样，激光头11具有两个径向互相可分开的半壳16，使得像图2中所示出的那样，可以围绕零件1、3的连接段4或围绕零件12、13的连接区域15放置激光头11。
在半壳16中，围绕接纳空间14圆形地和均匀分布地布置六个激光源17。从激光源17出发的激光束7径向地对准接纳空间14，并在布置在接纳空间14中的要连接的零件1、3、12、13的情况下在连接段4或连接区域15处重叠。因此可以同时焊接管状零件1、3或12、13。
图3对于作为要焊接的零件示范性地示出基本上管状的连接元件1，用于在激光透射焊接方法中与由热塑性塑料组成的管3的管末端段2连接。连接元件1在末端处各具有空心圆柱形连接段4，用于接纳和用于密封固定可插入的管末端。管末端段2与连接段4一起在径向上形成环形间隙5，其中在连接段的内圆周上以在径向突出的低环形套环的形式布置成形的环绕的桥接元件6用于部分地桥接环形间隙5。
相对于管末端段2的外直径些微小地构造环形套环6的内直径，使得一旦将管3插入连接元件1中，则在管3的管末端段2和连接元件1的连接段4之间在环形套环6的范围中形成压配合。因此在径向挤压压力下借助激光束7在透射方法中可以液密和气密地将环形套环6与管末端段2进行焊接。
图3a示出在轴向凑接在一起之前的管3和连接元件1，图3b示出在凑接在一起的状态下的管3和连接元件1。连接元件1在内圆周处在中心具有用作要插入的管3的止挡的环形阶梯9。管3的管末端段2不必为了密封固定在连接元件1的连接段4处而在端面侧与环形阶梯9焊接。沿着桥接元件6的环绕的焊接是足够的。为了在激光透射方法中从外部将管末端段2与连接段4焊接，需要由对于激光透明的塑料材料制成连接元件1。在此情况下，激光基本上无阻碍地穿过连接段4。
在最简单的情况下，通过借助激光加热管3来进行要与管末端段2焊接的桥接元件6的成形加工。管3为此必须由热塑性塑料组成，所述热塑性塑料对于激光束7是吸收的。为了制造焊接连接，在环形套环6的范围中将管末端段2加热至熔化，其中，熔液对环形套环6成形加工，并与该环形套环6相连接，使得在熔液凝固之后在管3和连接元件1之间存在材料决定的连接。
也可以将对于激光透明的管3与连接元件1焊接。为此将环形套环6构造10为吸收激光的吸收层6，该吸收层6利用激光束7可熔化，并在吸收层6的范围中对管末端段2成形加工。优选材料决定地与连接段4相连接的吸收层6可以是相当薄的，即为约0.1至0.5 mm。其例如可以以2K飞溅工艺（Spritzprozess）制造。

Claims (6)

1.用于在激光透射焊接方法中连接管状零件（1，3，12，13）的激光头（11），其特征在于，激光头（11）具有至少两个径向互相可分开的壳部分（16），所述壳部分（16）限定要焊接的管状零件（1，3，12，13）的接纳空间（14），其中在壳部分（16）中布置若干激光源（17），使得从激光源（17）出发的激光束（7）在接纳空间（14）中重叠，和在接纳空间（14）中同时进行管状零件（1，3，12，13）的焊接，其中接纳空间（14）在焊接过程中包围管状零件（1，3，12，13）的连接段（4）或连接区域（15）。
2.按照权利要求1的激光头，其特征在于，激光束（7）在焊接过程中无空隙地在要连接的管状零件（1，3，12，13）的连接段（4）处或在连接区域（15）处重叠。
3.按照权利要求1或2的激光头，其特征在于，径向互相可分开的壳部分（16）是两个半壳（16）。
4.按照权利要求1或2的激光头，其特征在于，壳部分（16）径向挤压连接区域（15）中的要连接的管状零件（1，3，12，13）。
5.按照权利要求1或2的激光头，其特征在于，激光束（7）对准桥接元件（6），所述桥接元件（6）桥接在管状零件（1，3，12，13）的两个轴向重叠的末端段之间的径向环形间隙（5）。
6.用于按照激光透射焊接方法将连接或分路元件（1）与由热塑性塑料组成的管（3）的末端相连接的方法，其中连接或分路元件（1）具有用于接纳和用于密封固定可插入的管末端段（2）的空心圆柱形连接段（4），所述空心圆柱形连接段（4）与所插入的管（3）的管末端段（2）一起在径向上形成环形间隙（5），并且借助激光头（11）同时被焊接，具有
- 提供具有管末端段（2）的管（3），
- 提供连接或分路元件（1），所述连接或分路元件（1）的连接段（4）在内圆周处具有用于部分地桥接环形间隙（5）的成形的环绕的桥接元件（6），其中桥接元件（6）与管末端段（2）的外圆周能够实现压配合，
- 将管（3）的管末端段（2）插入连接或分路元件（1）的连接段（4）中，其中在连接段（4）的桥接元件（6）和管末端段（2）之间产生压配合，
- 围绕连接或分路元件（1）布置激光头（11）的径向可分开的壳部分（16），其中所述壳部分（16）至少完全包围连接段（4），
- 用激光束（7）照射连接段（4），所述激光束（7）从布置在壳部分（16）中的激光源（17）出发，并且对准连接段（4），使得所述激光束在连接区域（15）中重叠，并且
- 在源自于压配合的径向挤压压力下将桥接元件（6）与管末端段（2）的外圆周焊接。
7. 按照权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括用激光束（7）照射桥接元件（6）。
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DE502008003181D1 (de) 2011-05-26
EP2159037A1 (de) 2010-03-03
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CN102131631A (zh) 2011-07-20
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