CN102124896B - Method for cultivating shade flowers - Google Patents
Method for cultivating shade flowers Download PDFInfo
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- CN102124896B CN102124896B CN 201010612286 CN201010612286A CN102124896B CN 102124896 B CN102124896 B CN 102124896B CN 201010612286 CN201010612286 CN 201010612286 CN 201010612286 A CN201010612286 A CN 201010612286A CN 102124896 B CN102124896 B CN 102124896B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating shade flowers, belonging to the field of flower cultivation. The method aims to solve the problems of poor young seedling adaptability, short putting period and high loss under the conditions of high temperature and drought. The method for cultivating shade flowers comprises the following steps: preparing in the early stage; configuring and disinfecting cultivation soil; putting seedlings and potting; managing roots in fixed time; and managing during the growing period. The method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effect on providing the method for cultivating shade flowers, particularly relating to a method for cultivating shade flowers which grow in dry and hot climatic conditions with a large temperature difference between day and night. The plant type of the variety planted with the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of green leaf color, good gloss, strong capability on resisting diseases and pests and long putting period.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the flower cultivation field, be specifically related to a kind of shady flower cultivation method of giving birth to.
Background technology
Shady livings flowers (claiming happiness cloudy flowers again) only are meant under certain shade environment could well-grown and have the shrub of ornamental value and dungarunga flowers that can be potted plant.In recent years, the improving constantly of Along with people's material and cultural life, the demand that people afforest and beautify domestic environment is increasing, and shady livings flowers are extensively applied to the indoor greening decoration, thereby impel the fast development of indoor ornamental foliage plant industry.The ground threshing that ornamental foliage plant production is engaged in the present whole nation has reached thousands of families, mainly concentrate on southern areas such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Fujian, Zhejiang, and the production of ornamental foliage plant also is tending towards specialization and scale.
In the area dry, hot, that day and night temperature is big, outsourcing seedling adaptability is relatively poor, and the cycle of putting is short, and loss is high.Annual ornamental foliage plant demand like Panzhihua Region reaches 10,000 basins, but because climatic characteristic causes this area's outsourcing seedling bad adaptability, the cycle of putting is short, survival rate is low, cost is high, loss is high.The applicant once with pocket coconut (having another name called short living coconut, pocket palm fibre, short palm fibre), Monstera deliciosa (have another name called Peng Lai any of several broadleaf plants, blue, the curvature of the spinal column taro of electric wire, be Araeceae Monstera plant), (the Latin name is Draceana arborea to Yemen's iron, belongs to Liliaceae; Dracaena plant), The Incredible Hulk (Araeceae; Have another name called plain sailing, big hundred palms of huge leaf, Yemana Lip river bract taro, big silver-colored luxuriant taro) be object, carried out the living flowers small lot trial production of indoor shade, but this batch kind shoot survival percent is not high; There are certain gap in profile and commercial seedling; It is very slow to grow, and the jaundice of leaf look, and plant type is not good.
Independently shady living flowers more and more become the bottleneck that restricts regional industry of flowers and plants development beyond Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Fujian, the Zhejiang in the raising chamber; Be badly in need of a kind of other areas that are adapted to, particularly a kind of indoor shady life flower cultivation method under the high temperature and drought weather conditions at present.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of breeding method that is applicable to indoor shady living flowers, and a kind of indoor shady flower cultivation method of giving birth under the high temperature and drought weather conditions particularly is provided.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems provides a kind of shady flower cultivation method of giving birth to.
The shady flower cultivation method of giving birth to comprises the steps:
A, set up the sunshade net at the booth inner top, basin on the dress seedling irrigates normal root water;
B, normal root phase keep basin soil moistening;
C, growing season management: converted water or nitrogenous, phosphorus and K composite fertilizer with the oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and convert water and drench and execute 1 time in every month; Per 10～15 days foliage-spray 0.2g/L urea liquids and 0.2g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and keep basin soil moistening; Canopy temperature is controlled at 20～30 ℃, and air humidity is controlled at more than 60%.
The said normal root water that irrigates is promptly drenched basin soil with common agricultural water and is got final product.
The said oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed be meant with the vegetable seed oil cake add water fully ferment under field conditions (factors) the back (temperature drops to below 35 ℃, and color becomes dark brown, no stink) product.Said oil cake is meant the residue after the seed that contains Chuck Steak extracts oil content, the popular name oil cake, and it contains rich nutrient contents, does the fertilizer time spent to be called cake fertilizer.
Wherein, shady living flowers are pocket coconut or Monstera deliciosa described in the said method.
Wherein, the shading rate of the net of sunshade described in the said method is 70%.
Wherein, among the said method step a on the dress seedling basin be meant in basin and the coarse sand of pad 1/4 volume cover compost above, and add become thoroughly decomposed oil cake and superphosphate and do behind the base manure seedling again, and it is placed on the booth seedbed.
Further, the addition of the said oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed is 2.5kg/m
3Compost, the addition of said superphosphate are 1.2kg/m
3Compost.
Further, said compost is that refuse soil is mixed by weight 1: 1 with peat soil, and add lime, carbendazim mixes, being exposed to the sun in the sun fermented to disinfect in 7 days forms.
Said peat soil is in some river lake deposit low plain and the intermountain valley floor, because long-term ponding, aquatic vegetation is dense, under anaerobic conditions, decomposes the soil of inadequate plant residue accumulation and formation peat horizon in a large number.But said refuse soil be with the house refuse of biodegrade, garden garbage (comprising branch, withered grass etc.) fully pulverize and carry out disinfection after product.Said carbendazim has another name called No. 44, carbendazol, benzene well imidazoles, and carbendazim is a kind of broad-spectrum germicide, and various crop is had control efficiency by the disease that fungi (like imperfect fungus, many sac fungis) causes, can be used for foliar spray, seed treatment and soil treatment etc.
Further, the addition of said lime is 4.8kg/m
3Compost, the addition of said carbendazim are 25g/m
3Compost.
Wherein, it is whole day intermittent spraying methods that temperature described in the said method step c is controlled at the method for 20～30 ℃ of employings, promptly from 8 of mornings to 6 pm; At a distance from spraying in two hours once, sprayed 1 hour at every turn, add forced ventilation simultaneously; And the watering on ground, the control canopy temperature is at 20～30 ℃.
Wherein, said method step c air humidity is controlled at more than 70%.
The inventive method specifically can adopt following mode to implement:
A kind of shady flower cultivation method of giving birth to; The living flowers of said shade are pocket coconut or Monstera deliciosa, comprise the steps: that it is 70% sunshade net that shading rate is set up at the booth inner top in (1), the coarse sand of pad 1/4 volume in basin; Cover compost above, and by the addition oil cake 2.5kg/m that becomes thoroughly decomposed
3Compost, superphosphate 1.2kg/m
3To become thoroughly decomposed oil cake and superphosphate of compost joins and does behind the base manure seedling again in the compost, and it is placed on the booth seedbed, irrigates normal root water; Said compost is with after peat soil mixed by weight 1: 1 by refuse soil; And by every cubic metre add lime 4.8kg, carbendazim 25g (being that every cubic metre of compost comprises lime 4.8kg and carbendazim 25g) mixes, being exposed to the sun in the sun fermented to disinfect in 7 days forms; (2) the normal root phase keeps basin soil moistening; (3) growing season management: converted water or nitrogenous, phosphorus and K composite fertilizer with the oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and convert water by concentration 1g/L and drench and execute 1 time in every month; Per 10～15 days foliage-spray 0.2g/L urea and 0.2g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and keep basin soil moistening; Take whole day intermittent spraying method when canopy temperature surpasses 30 ℃, promptly at a distance from spraying in two hours once, sprayed 1 hour to 6 pm at every turn, add forced ventilation simultaneously from 8 of mornings, and the watering on ground, make canopy temperature be controlled at 20～30 ℃; Take the spraying humidification measure that air humidity is controlled at more than 70%.
The beneficial effect of the inventive method is: the invention provides a kind of shady flower cultivation method of giving birth to, particularly relate to a kind of shade under the weather conditions dry, hot, that day and night temperature is big and give birth to the flower cultivation method.Kind plant type grace, leaf color jade green, the glossiness of utilizing the inventive method to plant are good, and resistant to diseases and insects is strong, the cycle of putting reaches more than half a year, survival rate reaches 90%.It is relatively poor that the method has solved high temperature and drought area outsourcing seedling adaptability, puts the cycle weak point, and the problem that loss is high has broad application prospects.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of breeding method that is applicable to indoor shady living flowers, and a kind of indoor shady flower cultivation method of giving birth under the high temperature and drought weather conditions particularly is provided.
1. early-stage preparations: setting up shading rate at the booth inner top is 70% sunshade net.
2. the configuration of compost: with refuse soil with after peat soil mixed by weight 1: 1; Mix, and be exposed to the sun in the sun to ferment in 7 days and disinfect by every cubic metre of adding lime 4.8kg, carbendazim 25g (being that every cubic metre of compost comprises lime 4.8kg and carbendazim 25g) again.
3. basin on the dress seedling: basin on seedling at the beginning of 4 months, during the dress basin, the coarse sand of pad 1/4 volume covers compost above in the basin, and adds the oil cake (2.5kg/m that becomes thoroughly decomposed
3Compost) and superphosphate (1.2kg/m
3Compost) makees base manure, put respectively on the booth seedbed of having set up the sunshade net, irrigate normal root water.
4. normal root period management: mainly be water management, need to keep basin soil moistening, and note sheltering from heat or light.
5. growing season management: converted water or nitrogenous, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer with the oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and convert water by 1g/L concentration and drench and execute 1 time in every month to impel speed to give birth to luxuriant green (the pouring amount of executing is 5～10 kilograms/thousand basins); Per 10～15 days foliage-spray 0.2g/L urea liquid (5～10 kilograms/thousand basins)+0.2g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphates (5～10 kilograms/thousand basins), healthy and strong with short plant strain growth, the leaf look dark green.Basin soil is advisable with moistening, sees after basin soil is done and just waters once.
Temperature adjusting: take whole day intermittent spraying method when canopy temperature surpasses 30 ℃, at a distance from spraying in two hours once, sprayed 1 hour to 6 pm at every turn, add forced ventilation simultaneously from 8 of mornings, and the watering on ground, greenhouse temperature is controlled at 20～30 ℃.If low temperature occurs, can adopt room lighting to heat (vegetative period of shady living flowers generally can not occur being lower than 20 ℃ of situation) particularly in the high temperature and drought area.
Humidity regulation: reduce to 60% when following when humidity in the booth, take the spraying humidification measure, guarantee that air humidity remains on more than 60% in the booth.And air humidity reaches 70% when above in the booth, and flower growth is best.
Embodiment one usefulness the inventive method is cultivated shady living flowers
The cultivation of pocket coconut and Monstera deliciosa, 5000 strains of Monstera deliciosa seedling, pocket coconut seedling 5000 strains.
Raw materials used among the embodiment: refuse soil can prepare voluntarily, also can buy in market; Peat soil, carbendazim, the oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, lime, potassium superphosphate and to contain nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer market all on sale.
1 early-stage preparations: setting up shading rate at the booth inner top is 70% sunshade net.
The configuration of 2 composts: with commercially available refuse soil with after peat soil mixed by weight 1: 1; Mix by every cubic metre of commercially available lime 4.8kg of adding, carbendazim 25g (being that every cubic metre of compost comprises lime 4.8kg and carbendazim 25g), being exposed to the sun in the sun fermented in 7 days disinfects again.
Basin on the 3 dress seedlings: basin on seedling at the beginning of 4 months, during the dress basin, the coarse sand of pad 1/4 volume covers compost above in the basin, and adds the commercially available oil cake (2.5kg/m that becomes thoroughly decomposed
3Compost) and commercially available superphosphate (1.2kg/m
3Compost) make base manure, pocket coconut 4 strains one basin, Monstera deliciosa 3 strains one basin is put respectively on the booth seedbed of having set up the sunshade net, irrigates normal root water.
4 normal root period managements: mainly be water management, need to keep basin soil moistening, and note sheltering from heat or light.
5 growing season managements: converted water or commercially available nitrogenous, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer with the commercially available oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and convert water by 1g/L concentration and drench and execute 1 time in every month to impel speed to give birth to luxuriant green (the pouring amount of executing is 5～10 kilograms/thousand basins); Per 10～15 days commercially available urea of foliage-spray 0.2g/L (5～10 kilograms/thousand basins)+commercially available potassium dihydrogen phosphates of 0.2g/L (5～10 kilograms/thousand basins), healthy and strong with short plant strain growth, the leaf look dark green.Basin soil is advisable with moistening, sees after basin soil is done and just waters once.
6 temperature control measure:
At the beginning of 4 months～and at the beginning of 5 months, canopy temperature is all more than 35 ℃, even can reach more than 40 ℃, and at this moment, the growth of pocket coconut and Monstera deliciosa is extremely slow, and the shrivelled high temperature evil phenomenon of burning that waits of blade tip can appear in part.Take whole day intermittent spraying method this moment, from 8 of mornings to 6 pm, sprayed once at a distance from two hours; Each spraying 1 hour is controlled at 20～30 ℃ with greenhouse temperature, adds forced ventilation simultaneously; Can obtain the good cooling effect, it is dead to remove a small amount of weak seedling, and the seedling more than 90% can both safe production in summer; At the beginning of 5 months～and at the beginning of 6 months, along with temperature reduces gradually, the growth of Monstera deliciosa and pocket coconut begins to accelerate, and the come of age growth rate of the width of cloth of the plant height of pocket coconut brings up to 27.4% and 24.6%, and the come of age growth rate of the width of cloth of the plant height of Monstera deliciosa brings up to 33.0% and 34.5%.After at the beginning of 6 months, temperature maintains between 25～30 ℃ basically, and the growth of Monstera deliciosa and pocket coconut reaches the top; Monstera deliciosa plant height monthly increment rate reaches 56.6%; Hat width of cloth monthly increment rate reaches 51.3%, and pocket coconut plant height monthly increment rate reaches 45.2%, and hat width of cloth monthly increment rate reaches 32.3%.At the beginning of 9 months, two kinds have all reached the commercial seedling requirement, and plant type is graceful, leaf color jade green.
7 humidity control measure:
At the beginning of the first arrival in April 5 months, before 11 o'clock of morning, air humidity can reach about 65% in the booth, from after 12 o'clock of noon; Along with temperature rises, humidity is reduced to below 40%, at this moment; The leaf colour cast of pocket coconut and Monstera deliciosa is yellow, and here blade appears in part withers, and takes humidification measure (blade face watering, spraying and ground watering) this moment; The intermittent spraying method is adopted in spraying, from 8 of mornings to 6 pm, sprayed once at a distance from two hours; Each spraying 1 hour remains on air humidity in the booth more than 60%, has guaranteed that the seedling degree of safety more than 90% crosses the high temperature dry period.At the beginning of 5 months～and at the beginning of 6 months, along with temperature reduces gradually, air humidity also increases gradually, and Monstera deliciosa and the growth of pocket coconut begin to accelerate, and it is green that the leaf look changes.After at the beginning of 6 months, generally about 70～80%, the growth of Monstera deliciosa and pocket coconut reaches the top to air humidity in the booth, and growing way is best, and plant is sturdy and the leaf look dark green, and glossiness is good.
Monstera deliciosa of cultivating with the inventive method and pocket coconut plant type grace, leaf color jade green, glossiness are good, and resistant to diseases and insects is strong, the cycle of putting reaches more than half a year, survival rate reaches 90%.
Claims (1)
1. the shady flower cultivation method of giving birth to is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, to set up shading rate at the booth inner top be 70% sunshade net, and the coarse sand of pad 1/4 volume covers compost above in basin, and by the addition oil cake 2.5kg/m that becomes thoroughly decomposed
3Compost, superphosphate 1.2kg/m
3To become thoroughly decomposed oil cake and superphosphate of compost joins and does behind the base manure seedling again in the compost, and it is placed on the booth seedbed, irrigates normal root water; Said compost be by refuse soil with after peat soil mixes by weight 1:1, and by every cubic metre add lime 4.8kg, carbendazim 25g mixes, being exposed to the sun in the sun fermented to disinfect in 7 days forms;
B, normal root phase keep basin soil moistening;
C, growing season management: converted water or nitrogenous, phosphorus and K composite fertilizer with the oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed and convert water by concentration 1g/L and drench and execute 1 time in every month; Per 10～15 days foliage-spray 0.2g/L urea and 0.2g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and keep basin soil moistening; Take whole day intermittent spraying method when canopy temperature surpasses 30 ℃, promptly at a distance from spraying in two hours once, sprayed 1 hour to 6 pm at every turn, add forced ventilation simultaneously from 8 of mornings, and the watering on ground, make canopy temperature be controlled at 20～30 ℃; Take the spraying humidification measure that air humidity is controlled at more than 70%;
The living flowers of said shade are pocket coconut or Monstera deliciosa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010612286 CN102124896B (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | Method for cultivating shade flowers |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010612286 CN102124896B (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | Method for cultivating shade flowers |
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| CN102124896A CN102124896A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
| CN102124896B true CN102124896B (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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| CN 201010612286 Expired - Fee Related CN102124896B (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | Method for cultivating shade flowers |
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| CN105230282A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-01-13 | 界首市芦村镇路洼雪丽家庭农场 | High-yield method for interplanting platycodon grandiflorus and wheat |
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Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘书晓等.龟背竹栽培技术.《北方园艺》.1998,22. * |
| 吴聚雁.优良荫生观叶观花植物——金红花.《中国花卉盆景》.1995,4-5. * |
| 唐玉贵.几种室内荫生观赏植物的培育技术.《广西林业科学》.1997,第26卷(第3期),142-144. * |
| 张景忠.龟背竹的栽培养护.《中国林副特产》.2006,(第2期),52. * |
| 张绍宽.袖珍椰子的栽培与欣赏.《园林》.1998,24. * |
| 陆师军.龟背竹栽培管理技术.《河北林业》.2008,44. * |
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Inventor after: Yang Xiaowen Inventor after: Tang Chao Inventor after: Wang Li Inventor after: Wang Yanling Inventor after: Liao Shangqin Inventor before: Yang Xiaowen Inventor before: Tang Chao Inventor before: Liao Shangqin Inventor before: Wang Li |
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