CN102119676B - System and method for cultivating anguilla marmorata - Google Patents
System and method for cultivating anguilla marmorata Download PDFInfo
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- CN102119676B CN102119676B CN2011100312476A CN201110031247A CN102119676B CN 102119676 B CN102119676 B CN 102119676B CN 2011100312476 A CN2011100312476 A CN 2011100312476A CN 201110031247 A CN201110031247 A CN 201110031247A CN 102119676 B CN102119676 B CN 102119676B
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- anguilla marmorata
- anguilla
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aquiculture, in particular to a system and method for cultivating anguilla marmorata. The system for cultivating anguilla marmorata comprises a water purifying system and an anguilla marmorata pipeline perching system, wherein the water purifying system is used for decomposing and absorbing the excretion of the anguilla marmorata and organics in the anguilla marmorata cultivating system so as to ensure the water quality of the anguilla marmorata cultivating system, avoid using too much fresh water, reduce the pressure of the environment from the anguilla marmorata cultivating system, save electric consumption, and reduce the cultivating cost of the anguilla marmorata; simultaneously, the anguilla marmorata pipeline perching system improves the cultivating density of the anguilla marmorata and reduces the cannibalism rate of the anguilla marmorata. Compared with a running water open type cement pond cultivating method, the cultivating method of the anguilla marmorata cultivating system disclosed by the invention improvise the production rate of the anguilla marmorata by more than 25%, saves power consumption and fresh water resource by more than 40%, increases the amount of the anguilla marmorata cultivated in per square meter of water by more than 50%, and enhances the the comprehensive cultivating benefit by about 45%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, relate in particular to a kind of colored eel cultivating system and cultural method.
Background technology
Flower eel (Anguilla marmorata; Marbled eel) is a kind of of Chordata, Vertebrate, Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii, common eel catalogue, Anguilliforme, Anguillidae, Anguilla, claim again the perch eel, be distribute in the Anguilla in the world the most a kind of, north is to Korea S's Jizhou Island, to the east of the Ogasawara Islands, reach the Marguesas Islands of the South Pacific Ocean in the south, to the Natal of East Coast of Africa.In China, in each rivers water system of the Qiantang River to Hainan Province, distribution is arranged.Inhabit in the cave, stone crack of river mouth, mountain stream, trench and reservoir.Flower eel disposition is violent, and the nocturnalism of being everlasting is take small fish, shrimp, crab etc. as food, for falling river egg-laying migration fish.At the Fujian China Jiulongjiang River, the annual 3-7 month is sought troglodytism in the small stream of river.Blow the northwester time when the 10-11 month, namely begin to move toward the river mouth, enter the marine products ovum.Flower eel meat flavour is delicious, and nutritious, fat protein content is all quite high, expensive, always is regarded as first-class nourishing food, and the good reputation of " eel king " is arranged.Yuan Ying etc. point out in " the fundamental biological knowledge research of flower common eel ", flower common eel protein, fat, moisture percentage are 11.44,5.08,77.94, amino acid has 18 kinds, lipid is take triglyceride as main, inorganic elements, EPA and DHA content are high, DHA wherein〉EPA, nutritive value is better than Japanese eel and European eel.At present, the cultivation of flower eel mainly is to adopt native pond extensive style aquaculture model, although this breeding way growth rate is very fast, floor space is large, and per unit area yield is low, and water waste is large; And because the flower eel is very easy to run away, the rate of recapture is very low; In addition, larger to the dykes and dams foundation failure power of Tu Chi because the flower eel has the very strong ability of getting into the cave, so the native pool cultivated economic benefit of flower eel is not high.Recent years, the cement pit cultivation of flower eel has the trend that progressively enlarges, although the cement pit cultivation has solved the problem that colored eel runs away substantially, the growth rate of flower eel is slow, and cultivation density is low, and the water power consumption is large, and cost is high, and is also larger to environmental pressure.So, spend at present the very high product of this market value of eel all not reach the level of large-scale commercial applications cultivation always.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, the present invention improves on the basis of cement pit, and a kind of colored eel cultivating system is provided on the one hand, utilize this system's cultivation flower eel cost low, little to environmental pressure, and can improve colored eel cultivation density, reduce internecine probability between the flower eel.The method of utilizing above-mentioned colored eel cultivating system cultivation flower eel also is provided on the other hand.
A kind of colored eel cultivating system comprises: water purification system and flower eel pipeline are perched system.
Described water purification system is used for purifying the water body of flower eel cultivating system, thereby so that the water in the flower eel cultivating system is hydrostatic, just suitably replenish fresh water when only reducing because of reasons such as evaporations in the pool inner water position, avoid using in a large number fresh water, reduced colored eel cultivating system to the pressure of environment, simultaneously also save power consumption, reduced the aquaculture cost of colored eel.
Described colored eel pipeline is perched system for the place that provides colored eel to perch, and has following effect:
1. avoid causing disease and anoxic in the dirt at the bottom of the flower eel pierces the pond;
2. provide daily habitat for the flower eel;
3. can avoid the flower eel because of difference in size and cutting one another's throats of competing for spheres of influence and produce;
4. the area distribution of artificial guiding flower eel avoids local density too high, improves the comprehensive utilization effect of water body.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the described colored eel pipeline system of perching comprises a plurality of pvc pipes.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described pvc pipe is located at the bottom of the pond on the 0.2m, under the water surface 0.3m.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described pvc pipe length is preferably between 20-80cm; Described pvc pipe diameter is preferably between 50-150mm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described water purification system comprises microbial cleaning system and plant purification system.
Described microbial cleaning system is the nitrifying bacteria in the cultivating system water body, nitrifying bacteria can decomposing, purifying cultivating system water body in, especially the colored eel excreta of water bottom, simultaneously, the existence of nitrifying bacteria can have been suppressed the breeding of other noxious bacteria in the water body.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described nitrifying bacteria concentration is 1-10 * 10
6Individual/mL.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described plant purification system is that the water of planting in cultivating system is supported plant, and water is supported plant can be by the organic matter that dissolves in its Root Absorption breeding water body, thereby reaches the purpose that purifies water; In addition, during the broiling summer, water is supported plant can block high light, avoids pond water temperature too high.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described water support plant is weter hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), logical heart dish (water spinach, Ipomoeaaquatica), at least a in the bracketplant, the red palm, dripping guanyin.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described water is supported planting in the net-shaped disk that swims in water surface.The existence of net-shaped disk can be adjusted the quantity that water is supported plant very easily, and is overstocked with the foster plant growth of waterproof, the growth of impact flower eel; The described net-shaped disk that swims in the water surface can be used as the empty ideal place of perching of colored eel dew at night in addition, exercises normal dermal respiration function for the flower eel and has created condition, and the growth of spending eel is had significantly facilitation.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described net-shaped disk diameter is between 0.5-2m.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the site area of described net-shaped disk accounts for the long-pending 30-80% of colored eel cultivating system water surface; Preferred 40-60%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, colored eel cultivating system of the present invention also comprises apparatus of oxygen supply, is used for pumping air into water body, thereby ensures the dissolved oxygen content in the water body, improves the cultivation density of flower eel; Can reduce with the plenum system that relaxes simultaneously the pond bottom sediment as far as possible and dissolve in speed in the water body, be convenient to nitrifying bacteria and bring into play better purification function.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described apparatus of oxygen supply comprises air pump, pipeline and gas blow head, and air pump pumps air in the pipeline, and then air enters in the water body through gas blow head again.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described gas blow head is micropore gas dish.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described micropore gas dish places apart between the water-bed 15-25cm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described micropore gas dish, micropore gas dish diameter is 15-30cm, laying density is 1/3-8m
2
The present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned colored eel cultivating system to spend the eel cultivation.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the described colored eel pipeline system of perching comprises a plurality of pvc pipes; Wherein pvc pipe is located at the bottom of the pond on the 20cm, under the water surface 0.3m; Pvc pipe length is preferably between 20-80cm; The pvc pipe diameter is preferably between 50-150mm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described water purification system comprises microbial cleaning system and plant purification system.Described microbial cleaning system is the nitrifying bacteria in the cultivating system water body, nitrifying bacteria can decomposing, purifying cultivating system water body in, especially the colored eel excreta of water bottom, simultaneously, the existence of nitrifying bacteria can have been suppressed the breeding of other noxious bacteria in the water body.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described nitrifying bacteria concentration is preferably 1-10 * 10
6Individual/mL.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described plant purification system is that the water of planting in cultivating system is supported plant, and water is supported plant can be by the organic matter that dissolves in its Root Absorption breeding water body, thereby reaches the purpose that purifies water; In addition, during the broiling summer, water is supported plant can block high light, avoids pond water temperature too high.Described water support plant be preferably weter hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), logical heart dish (water spinach, Ipomoeaaquatica), at least a in the bracketplant, the red palm, dripping guanyin.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described water is supported planting in the net-shaped disk that swims in water surface.The existence of net-shaped disk can be adjusted the quantity that water is supported plant very easily, and is overstocked with the foster plant growth of waterproof, the growth of impact flower eel; The described net-shaped disk that swims in the water surface can be used as the empty ideal place of perching of colored eel dew at night in addition, exercises normal dermal respiration function for the flower eel and has created condition, and the growth of spending eel is had significantly facilitation.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described net-shaped disk diameter is between 0.5-2m.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the site area of described net-shaped disk accounts for the long-pending 30-80% of colored eel cultivating system water surface; Preferred 40-60%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, colored eel cultivating system of the present invention also comprises apparatus of oxygen supply, is used for pumping air into water body, and air demand is preferably 15-30L/m
3.min, thus the dissolved oxygen content in the guarantee water body, the cultivation density of raising flower eel; Can reduce with the plenum system that relaxes simultaneously the pond bottom sediment as far as possible and dissolve in speed in the water body, be convenient to nitrifying bacteria and bring into play better purification function.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described apparatus of oxygen supply comprises air pump, pipeline and gas blow head, and air pump pumps air in the pipeline, and then air enters in the water body through gas blow head again.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described gas blow head is micropore gas dish.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described micropore gas dish places apart between the water-bed 15-25cm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described micropore gas dish, micropore gas dish diameter is 15-30cm, laying density is 1/3-8m
2
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention decomposes, absorbs colored eel excreta and the organic matter of spending in the eel cultivating system by water purification system, guaranteed the water quality in the colored eel cultivating system, avoid using in a large number fresh water, reduced colored eel cultivating system to the pressure of environment, simultaneously also save power consumption, reduced the aquaculture cost of colored eel; Spend simultaneously the eel pipeline system of perching to improve the cultivation density of colored eel, reduced the colored eel probability that cuts one another's throats; Utilize the method for colored eel cultivating system cultivation flower eel of the present invention to compare with the open cement pit cultivation of flowing water, flower eel speed of production is fast more than 25%, save simultaneously energy consumption and freshwater resources and surpass 40%, the quantity of every square metre of aquifer cultivation flower eel has improved more than 50%, and composite culture benefit has improved about 45%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the generalized section of colored eel cultivating system of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals is as follows:
1---cement pit; 2---net-shaped disk; 3---micropore gas dish; 4---pvc pipe.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of colored eel cultivating system, outer wall is cement pit 1, comprises water purification system, spends the eel pipeline to perch system and apparatus of oxygen supply.
Described water purification system comprises microbial cleaning system and plant purification system, and wherein water purification system is the nitrifying bacteria in the cultivating system water body; The plant purification system is that the water of planting in cultivating system is supported plant.The concentration of nitrifying bacteria in the cultivating system water body is preferably in 1-10 * 10
6Individual/mL.Water support plant is weter hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), logical heart dish (water spinach, Ipomoeaaquatica), at least a in the bracketplant, the red palm, dripping guanyin; And water is supported planting in the net-shaped disk 2 that swims in water surface.Described net-shaped disk diameter is between 0.5-2m; Net-shaped disk can have a plurality of, accounts for the long-pending 30-70% of colored eel cultivating system water surface with the site area of net-shaped disk and is advisable; Preferred 40-60%.
The described colored eel pipeline system of perching comprises a plurality of pvc pipes 4, and these pvc pipes are fixed by the pvc pipe frame, and are positioned over the bottom in pond, at the bottom of the pond more than the 0.2m, and below water surface 0.3m, wherein preferably between 20-80cm, diameter is preferably between 50-150mm for pvc pipe length.
Described apparatus of oxygen supply comprises air pump, pipeline and gas blow head 3, and air pump pumps air in the pipeline, and then air enters in the water body through gas blow head again.Wherein, described gas blow head is micropore gas dish, and diameter is 15-30cm, places apart between the water-bed 15-25cm, and laying density is 1/3-8m
2
Embodiment 1. utilizes colored eel cultivating system as shown in Figure 1 to spend the example of eel cultivation.
The cement pit specification is 5.8m * 2.2m * 1.5m; The depth of water is controlled at about 1.2m; Nitrifying bacteria concentration is 5 * 10
6Individual/mL; The net-shaped disk diameter is 1m, has 8; It is weter hyacinth and/or logical heart dish that the water of planting on the disk is supported plant; Pvc pipe is at the bottom of the pond more than the 20cm, and below water surface 0.3m, pvc pipe length is between 20-80cm, and diameter is between 50-150mm; Micropore gas dish diameter places apart between the water-bed 15-25cm at the 15-30cm diameter, and laying density is 1/3-8m
2Throughput is 15-30L/m
3.min, natural temperature.In this system, put colored eel 1000 tails in a suitable place to breed, about 30g/the colored eel seedling of tail; Sooner or later respectively throw something and feed once, feeding volume is about the 1.5-4.5% of the flower eel body weight that cultivates; Feed after 9 months, fish for, get the about 1900kg of colored eel, flower eel size is about the 2kg/ tail.
At the initial stage of cultivation, the mantissa of flower eel can suitably improve, and with the growth of the eel that blossoms, part flower eel is transferred to continuation cultivation in other same colored eel cultivating systems, can further improve the quantity of every square metre of aquifer cultivation flower eel.
The example of the embodiment 2. present pool cultivated colored eels of ordinary cement.
The cement pit specification is 5.8m * 2.2m * 1.5m; The depth of water is controlled at about 1.2m; Flowing water culture is ventilated in water body by micropore gas dish equally, and throughput remains on 15-30L/m
3.min, throw something and feed mode, the bait of throwing something and feeding is identical with embodiment 1 method with feeding volume.In this system, put colored eel 300 tails in a suitable place to breed, about 30g/the colored eel seedling of tail, feed 14-16 month after, fish for, get the about 150-250kg of colored eel, the size of colored eel is about the 1-1.5kg/ tail.
Above content is the further description of the present invention being done in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment, can not assert that implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a colored eel cultivating system is characterized in that: comprise water purification system, spend the eel pipeline to perch system and apparatus of oxygen supply; The described colored eel pipeline system of perching comprises a plurality of pvc pipes; Described water purification system comprises microbial cleaning system and plant purification system, described microbial cleaning system is the nitrifying bacteria in the cultivating system water body, described plant purification system is that the water of planting in cultivating system is supported plant, described water is supported planting in the net-shaped disk that swims in water surface, described net-shaped disk diameter is between 0.5-2m, and the site area of described net-shaped disk accounts for the long-pending 30-80% of colored eel cultivating system water surface; Described apparatus of oxygen supply comprises air pump, pipeline and gas blow head, and described gas blow head is micropore gas dish, places apart between the water-bed 15-25cm, and micropore gas dish diameter is 15-30cm, and laying density is 1/3-8m
2
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| CN2011100312476A CN102119676B (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | System and method for cultivating anguilla marmorata |
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| CN2011100312476A CN102119676B (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | System and method for cultivating anguilla marmorata |
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| CN102119676B true CN102119676B (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
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| CN103004666B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-03-11 | 珠海市斗门区河口渔业研究所 | Breeding method for intermediate breeding of Anguilla marmorata fries |
| CN103262816A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Equipment for cultivating Charybdis feriatus female parents and application method of equipment |
| CN104756932B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-03-01 | 深圳市蓝汀鼎执生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Anguilla marmorata skew matrix culturing pool |
| CN107182856A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-22 | 黄世强 | With reference to the flower eel cultural method of frame for cultivating |
| CN107006407A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-04 | 黄世强 | Flower eel cultural method |
| CN107410110A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-12-01 | 黄世强 | The artificial cultivating method of flower eel |
| CN107182855A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-22 | 黄世强 | The flower eel cultural method of high-survival rate |
| CN108841581A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-20 | 河北奇骥生物技术有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional fermentation tank and its application method |
| CN110199933A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-06 | 山东荣信水产食品集团股份有限公司 | Seven-star eel cultivation apparatus and its artificial cultivating method |
| CN110178782B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-06-05 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Breeding device for improving breeding capacity of Xingkangjie eels and using method |
| CN112602635B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-03-01 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Conservation method for hemibarbus maculatus bleeker |
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