CN102113622B - Straw and pot ale mixed fermented feed and production method thereof - Google Patents
Straw and pot ale mixed fermented feed and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102113622B CN102113622B CN2011100644999A CN201110064499A CN102113622B CN 102113622 B CN102113622 B CN 102113622B CN 2011100644999 A CN2011100644999 A CN 2011100644999A CN 201110064499 A CN201110064499 A CN 201110064499A CN 102113622 B CN102113622 B CN 102113622B
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- vinasse
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194020 Streptococcus thermophilus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000235648 Pichia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010027322 single cell proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012976 tarts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005744 Bacillus subtilis subsp subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000948854 Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000286779 Hansenula anomala Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014683 Hansenula anomala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000013370 mutualism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses straw and pot ale mixed fermented feed and a production method thereof, and relates to the field of environmental science, in particular to the mixed fermented feed and the production method thereof. The production method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing straw, and then mixing pot ale; (2) preparing aerobic fermentation bacteria liquid, uniformly spraying the aerobic fermentation bacteria liquid into materials, adding compound trace elements, and fermenting; (3) preparing anaerobic fermentation bacteria liquid, appropriately adding according to the fermentation situation of the fermented materials, and fermenting; and (4) drying the fermented materials containing water, and then getting the straw and pot ale mixed feed. Aerobic bacteria used in the method are high-efficient cellulose and lignin degrading bacteria, thereby improving the degradation rate of cellulose and lignin, fully utilizing yeast and other microbes in the pot ale to produce single-cell proteins, improving the content of nutrition in the feed, enabling the protein content to be 13-20%, having certain bouquet and acid fragrance and improving the palatability of the feed. The fermentation process is simple to operate, the fermentation time is 7-9 days, and the production time of the feed is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental science, specifically, is a kind of mixed culture fermentation feed and production method thereof.
Background technology
Along with China's rapid economy development, the improving constantly of living standards of the people, people's diet structure is also progressively changing, and the shared ratio of meat, egg, milk is in continuous increase.According to the statistics made by the departments concerned, China's meat egg total output occupies first place in the world at present, and the occupancy volume per person has reached world average level.For animal husbandry, feed cost accounts for more than 70% of totle drilling cost, and wherein grain feed accounts for more than 90% of conventional feed; Therefore; Along with people's is to the continuous increase of livestock products demand, and the feed breach will continue to increase, and the rise of global provision price impels the animal husbandry cost to raise once more especially.
The annual stalk output of China reaches 700,000,000 tons, but the straw utilization rate is but not high, and utilizes the technical merit of mode lower, even still has the phenomenon of crop straw burning, causes certain wasting of resources and environmental pollution.In conjunction with economy, resource and the environment present situation of China, the straw feed technology will be the focus development project of China's biomass as resources.
At present, use more straw feed treatment technology that methods such as ensiling, ammonification, expanded, hot spray, microbial fermentation are arranged, especially handle, can effectively improve the crude protein content of straw feed, reduce crude fiber content through microbe fermentation method.The straw feed quality of handling through microbial fermentation can reach the standard of grain feed, even better.And it is comparatively general throughout the country that vinasse are applied to animal feeding-stuff, and vinasse have certain aroma and tart flavour, and poultry such as pig, sheep are comparatively liked food.Stalk and vinasse are carried out mixed culture fermentation can make full use of the stalk output of China's abundant and the special nature of vinasse, have DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT preferably, this also will be to solve China people and animals to strive the optimal path of grain and animal husbandry development problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of nutrient content, sweat stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed and production method thereof simple to operate that improves feed.
A kind of production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed, its step comprises:
Step 1 is with mixing with vinasse after the crushed stalk;
Step 2 prepares aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid, mixes the aerobe fermentation bacterium and is made up of aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, streptococcus thermophilus, unusual Hansenula yeast, after cultivation is good it evenly is sprayed in the material, and adds composite trace element, ferments 4～5 days;
Step 3, preparation anaerobic fermentation bacterium liquid, the hybrid anaerobic fermentation bacterium is made up of lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and according to the fermentation situation of fermentation materials, adds in right amount in the fermentation materials, ferments 3～4 days;
Step 4 is with promptly getting stalk vinasse mixed fodder after the moisture fermentation materials drying.
In the described step 1, the powder particle diameter of stalk is 0.3～0.7mm, and the mixed proportion of stalk and vinasse is counted 75～85 parts of stalks, 15～25 parts in vinasse by weight.
In the described step 2; Mix the aerobe fermentation bacterium by aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger; WB-4757), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae; L201), bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis subsp.Subtilis, N1025), streptococcus thermophilus (Streptococcus thermophilus, 2000-8), unusual Hansenula yeast (Pichia anomala; 1312) with 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 ratio is cultivated, and wherein this five strains bacterium is all purchased in Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center.
In the described step 2, fermentation materials, mix aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid and water, meter by weight, mixes 5 parts of aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid, 20～30 parts in water at 65～75 parts of fermentation materials.
In the described step 2, the kind of composite trace element has MnSO
4, (NH4)
2MoO
4, FeSO
47H
2O, ZnSO
47H
2O, with 1: 1: 1: 1 ratio was water-soluble, and by weight, composite trace element is 0.01～0.03 part.
Described fermentation materials mixes the laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably, and ferment 4～5 day according to fermentation materials fermentation situation turning 1～2 time every day.
In the described step 3; The hybrid anaerobic fermentation bacterium is by lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus; LA-14), saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae;=AKU 4038) to cultivate with 1: 1 ratio, this two strains bacterium is all purchased in Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center, by fermentation materials weight 1～6% ratio interpolation hybrid anaerobic fermentation bacterium liquid.
Reduce the turning number of times, maximum turnings every day are not once perhaps carried out turning, ferment 3～4 days.
In the described step 4, treat that sweat finishes after, fermentation materials through super-dry or granulation, is promptly got protein content and is 13～20% stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed.
The stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed that said method is produced.
Advantage of the present invention:
The aerobic fermentation bacterium that 1 the present invention is adopted is cellulignin degradation bacteria efficiently, and the mutualism of Mixed Microbes relation makes that the degradation efficiency of cellulose and lignin is higher, thereby effectively improves the nutrient content in the feed.
2 the present invention have made full use of the beneficial bacterium in the vinasse, have improved the protein content in the feed.
3 the present invention add lactobacillus acidophilus and saccharomyces cerevisiae, can make to have aroma and tart flavour in the feed, improve the palatability of feed.
4 the present invention have shortened the feed fermentation time (7～9 days), and the fermentation equipment needed thereby is simple, have reduced the cost of feed making.
The specific embodiment
The present invention further details through following examples, but the technology contents that present embodiment is narrated is illustrative, rather than determinate, should not limit to protection scope of the present invention according to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed with mixing with vinasse after the crushed stalk, is counted 75 parts of stalks, 25 parts in vinasse by weight.Cultivate aerobic fermentation bacterium liquid, with fermentation materials, mix aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid and water and count 75,5,20 by weight and evenly mix, wherein, 0.01 part of composite trace element is dissolved in the water.Place draughty place to ferment the fermentation materials that mixes, carry out a turning every day, fermented 5 days.Preparation anaerobic fermentation bacterium liquid evenly adds in the fermentation materials by 2% of fermentation materials weight, carries out a turning, ferments 4 days in per two days.Between yeast phase, constantly keep the skin wet, keep initial fermentation humidity.Sweat carries out drying with fermentation materials after finishing, and the sealing preservation, promptly gets the stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed of protein content 13～17.
Embodiment 2
A kind of production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed with mixing with vinasse after the crushed stalk, is counted 80 parts of stalks, 20 parts in vinasse by weight.Cultivate aerobic fermentation bacterium liquid, with fermentation materials, mix aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid and water and count 70,5,25 by weight and evenly mix, wherein, 0.015 part of composite trace element is dissolved in the water.Place draughty place to ferment the fermentation materials that mixes, carry out a turning every day, fermented 5 days.Preparation anaerobic fermentation bacterium liquid evenly adds in the fermentation materials by 3% of fermentation materials weight, carries out a turning, ferments 4 days in per two days.Between yeast phase, constantly keep the skin wet, keep initial fermentation humidity.Sweat carries out drying with fermentation materials after finishing, and the sealing preservation, promptly gets the stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed of protein content 14～18.
Embodiment 3
A kind of production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed with mixing with vinasse after the crushed stalk, is counted 85 parts of stalks, 15 parts in vinasse by weight.Cultivate aerobic fermentation bacterium liquid, with fermentation materials, mix aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid and water and count 65,5,30 by weight and evenly mix, wherein, 0.02 part of composite trace element is dissolved in the water.Place draughty place to ferment the fermentation materials that mixes, carry out a turning every day, fermented 4 days.Preparation anaerobic fermentation bacterium liquid evenly adds in the fermentation materials by 4% of fermentation materials weight, carries out a turning, ferments 4 days in per two days.Between yeast phase, constantly keep the skin wet, keep initial fermentation humidity.Sweat carries out drying with fermentation materials after finishing, and the sealing preservation, promptly gets the stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed of protein content 14～20.
Claims (9)
1. the production method of a stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed is characterized in that its step comprises:
Step 1 is with mixing with vinasse after the crushed stalk;
Step 2 prepares aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid, mixes the aerobe fermentation bacterium and is made up of aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, streptococcus thermophilus, unusual Hansenula yeast, after cultivation is good it evenly is sprayed in the material, and adds composite trace element, ferments 4～5 days;
Step 3, preparation anaerobic fermentation bacterium liquid, the anaerobic fermentation bacterium is made up of lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, adds in the fermentation materials, ferments 3～4 days;
Step 4 is with promptly getting stalk vinasse mixed fodder after the moisture fermentation materials drying.
2. the production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step 1, the powder particle diameter of stalk is 0.3～0.7mm, and the mixed proportion of stalk and vinasse is counted 75～85 parts of stalks, 15～25 parts in vinasse by weight.
3. the production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the step 2, mix the aerobe fermentation bacterium and cultivate with the ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 by aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerWB-4757, aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus oryzaeL201, bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis subsp.SubtilisN1025, streptococcus thermophilus Streptococcus thermophilus2000-8, unusual Hansenula yeast Pichia anomala1312.
4. the production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, in the step 2, fermentation materials, mix aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid and water; Meter, mixes 5 parts of aerobe fermentation bacterium liquid, 20～30 parts in water at 65～75 parts of fermentation materials by weight.
5. the production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step 2, the kind of composite trace element has MnSO
4, (NH4)
2MoO
4, FeSO
47H
2O and ZnSO
47H
2O, water-soluble with the ratio of 1:1:1:1, by weight, composite trace element is 0.01～0.03 part.
6. the production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed according to claim 4 is characterized in that, fermentation materials mixes the laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably, and ferment 4～5 day according to fermentation materials fermentation situation turning 1～2 time every day.
7. the production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the step 3; The hybrid anaerobic fermentation bacterium is cultivated with the ratio of 1:1 by lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus acidophilusLA-14, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae in S accharomyces cerevisiae=AKU 4038, adds hybrid anaerobic fermentation bacterium liquid in fermentation materials weight 1～6% ratio.
8. the production method of stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step 4, treat that sweat finishes after, fermentation materials through super-dry or granulation, is promptly got stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed.
9. the stalk vinasse mixed culture fermentation feed produced of the said method of a claim 1.
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| CN2011100644999A CN102113622B (en) | 2011-03-17 | 2011-03-17 | Straw and pot ale mixed fermented feed and production method thereof |
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| CN102113622A CN102113622A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
| CN102113622B true CN102113622B (en) | 2012-10-31 |
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| CN102113622A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
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