CN102097849A - 直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置 - Google Patents

直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置 Download PDF

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CN102097849A
CN102097849A CN2011100359580A CN201110035958A CN102097849A CN 102097849 A CN102097849 A CN 102097849A CN 2011100359580 A CN2011100359580 A CN 2011100359580A CN 201110035958 A CN201110035958 A CN 201110035958A CN 102097849 A CN102097849 A CN 102097849A
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CN102097849B (zh
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蒋小平
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Taizhou Suzhong Antenna Group Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
    • H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置涉及电动车采用感应器在进行整流变流时将电能量回收，特别适于电动车、电动三轮车、电动汽车、电动船、家用电器、工业电器、电动机具等作起动运行稳压恒流以及电能量回收装置。包括蓄电池E、逆变器一INV、感应器T、整流电桥一D1或逆变器二、直流电机M、整流电桥二D2或逆变器三和外接电源充电器QL；蓄电池E正、负极分别与逆变器一INV输入端1、2相连，逆变器一INV输出端4与感应器初级L1的1端相连，逆变器一输出端3与整流桥一D1输入端1或逆变器二相连，感应器初级L1的2端与整流桥一D1的输入端2相连，整流桥一D1的输出端3、4与直流电机相连。设计合理，使用方便。

Description

直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置
技术领域
本发明直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置涉及的是一种电动车采用感应器在进行整流变流时将电能量回收，特别适用于电动车、电动三轮车、电动汽车、电动船、家用电器、工业电器、电动机具等作起动运行稳压恒流以及电能量回收装置。
背景技术
 目前电动车采用整流变流器等来进行运行和启动补偿，整流变流器在运行和起动过程中需要损耗较多的能量，从而消耗蓄电池或电网能量，目前虽然有飞轮储备能、双层电容储备电能量、发电机储能等方式储备电能，但能耗大，能量回收利用率低，电动车能耗高。
发明内容
本发明目的是针对上述不足之处提供一种直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置，采用感应器进行整流、变流、稳压、恒流起动运行，当串联感应器初级线圈上的负载电机工作时，通过感应器初级线圈产生电磁感应，电压电流通过磁通感应给感应器次级线圈，次级线圈感应出的交流电压电流通过整流电桥或逆变器输出直流电，再输入给蓄电池充电进行电能量回收，电能量回收率可达25%以上。
直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置是采取以下技术方案实现的：
直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置包括蓄电池E、逆变器一INV（直变交流逆变器）、感应器T、整流电桥一D1（大功率二极整流桥）或逆变器二（交流变直流逆变器）、直流电机M、整流电桥二D2（大功率二极管整流桥）或逆变器三（交流变直流逆变器）和外接电源充电器QL。
所述直流电机采用市售直流电机调速控制器，控制直流电机速度。
所述蓄电池E可采用蓄电池组或单体蓄电池，蓄电池E装有电源管理器，用于管理电池组充放电。电源管理器采用市售电源管理模块。
蓄电池E正、负极分别与逆变器一INV输入端1、2相连，逆变器一INV输出端4与感应器初级L1的1端相连，逆变器一的输出端3与整流桥一D1的输入端1或逆变器二相连，感应器初级L1的2端与整流桥一D1的输入端2相连，整流桥一D1的输出端3、4与直流电机相连，并通过直流电机调速控制器控制直流电机速度。
感应器次级L2的输出端3、4与整流电桥二D2的1、2端或逆变器三连接，整流电桥二D2的输出端3、4分别与蓄电池E正、负极相连。
外接电源充电器QL与蓄电池E正、负相连，采用外接电源给蓄电池补偿充电。
所述感应器T可以采用磁芯、线圈、安装支架、骨架、绝缘材料构成，磁芯可以采用铁氧体、稀土磁性材料或硅钢片等。磁芯采用磁环、磁柱等，形成磁路。线圈采用漆包线或其它绝缘导电材料绕制而成。线圈绕制在骨架上，线圈中装插有磁芯，固定在安装支架上，采用绝缘材料封装。
工作原理：蓄电池E正、负极输出直流电压电流，通过逆变器一INV逆变成交流电，逆变器INV输出端4通过感应器初级线圈L1的1、2端输入给整流电桥一D1或逆变器二交流电，逆变器一INV输出端3输入给整流电桥一D1或逆变器二交流电，通过整流电桥一D1或逆变器二整流变成直流电，输入给直流电机M电压电流形成回路，直流电机M工作，并通过直流电机调速控制器来控制速度。
当直流电机M工作过程中，电压电流通过感应器T初级线圈L1进行交变流产生磁通，形成整流、稳压、恒流，同时产生感应电动势感应给感应器T次级线圈L2，在感应器T次级线圈L2上形成电压电流，通过整流电桥二D2或逆变器三整流，进行整流后变成直流电再输入给蓄电池E进行充电，实现电能回收利用，电能回收率可达25%以上。回收电能量大小取决于电机功耗大小，电机功耗大，感应器次级感应的电压电流同步上升。
当蓄电池E电能不足时可以通过外接电源充电器QL进行补偿充电。
直流电机电动车用感应变流电能量回收装置有以下显著特点：
本发明直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置设计合理、结构紧凑、使用方便。可以使蓄电池E进行放电、充电，使蓄电池有良好的活化（激活）作用，可以延长蓄电池使用寿命和增加蓄电池容量。由于电动机调速使用过程中串联带磁性电感的感应器T能够提高功率因数0.95以上，效率98以上，逆变器的效率改善了2%左右，逆变器的损耗约为之前的1/2。
本发明直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置，采用感应器进行整流变流、稳压、恒流起动运行，当串联在感应器T初级线圈L1上的负载电机工作时，电压电流通过感应器初级线圈L1产生电磁感应，电压电流通过磁通感应给感应器次级线圈，次级线圈感应出的交流电压电流通过整流电桥或逆变器输出直流电，再输入给蓄电池充电进行电能量回收。电能回收率可达25%以上。
附图说明
以下将结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
图1是直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置示意图。
参照附图1，直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置包括蓄电池E、逆变器一INV（直变交流逆变器）、感应器T、整流电桥一D1（大功率二极整流桥）或逆变器二（交流变直流逆变器）、直流电机M、整流电桥二D2（大功率二极管整流桥）或逆变器三（交流变直流逆变器）和外接电源充电器QL。
所述直流电机采用市售直流电机调速控制器，控制直流电机速度。
所述蓄电池E可采用蓄电池组或单体蓄电池。所述蓄电池E装有电源管理器用于管理电池组充放电，电源管理器采用市售电源管理模块。
蓄电池E正负极分别与逆变器一INV输入端1、2相连，逆变器一INV输出端4与感应器初级L1的1端相连，逆变器一的输出端3与整流桥一D1的输入端1或逆变器二相连，感应器初级L1的2端与整流桥一的输入端2相连，整流桥一D1的输出端3、4与直流电机相连，并通过直流电机调速控制器，控制直流电机速度。
感应器次级L2的输出端3、4与整流电桥二D2的1、2端或逆变器三相连，整流电桥二的输出端3、4分别与蓄电池正、负极相连。
外接电源充电器QL与蓄电池E正、负相连，采用外接电源给蓄电池补偿充电。
所述感应器T可以采用磁芯、线圈、安装支架、骨架、绝缘材料构成，磁芯可以采用铁氧体、稀土磁性材料、硅钢片等。磁芯采用磁环、磁柱等，形成磁路。线圈采用漆包线或其它绝缘导电材料绕制而成。线圈绕制在骨架上，线圈中装插有磁芯，固定在安装支架上，采用绝缘材料封装。
所述整流电桥采用市售桥式整流器。
所述逆变器一、逆变器二、逆变器二采用市售逆变器。

Claims (6)

1.一种直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置，其特征在于包括蓄电池E、逆变器一INV、感应器T、整流电桥一D1或逆变器二、直流电机M、整流电桥二D2或逆变器三和外接电源充电器QL；
蓄电池E正、负极分别与逆变器一INV输入端1、2相连，逆变器一INV输出端4与感应器初级L1的1端相连，逆变器一的输出端3与整流桥一D1的输入端1或逆变器二相连，感应器初级L1的2端与整流桥一D1的输入端2相连，整流桥一D1的输出端3、4与直流电机相连；
感应器次级L2的输出端3、4与整流电桥二D2的1、2端或逆变器三相连，整流电桥二D2的输出端3、4分别与蓄电池正、负极相连；
外接电源充电器QL与蓄电池E正、负相连，采用外接电源给蓄电池补偿充电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置，其特征在于所述感应器T采用磁芯、线圈、安装支架、骨架、绝缘材料构成，线圈绕制在骨架上，线圈中装插有磁芯，固定在安装支架上，采用绝缘材料封装。
3.根据权利要求2所述的直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回装置，其特征在于所述线圈采用漆包线或其它绝缘导电材料绕制而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回装置，其特征在于所述直流电机采用直流电机调速控制器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回装置，其特征在于所述蓄电池E采用蓄电池组或单体蓄电池。
6.根据权利要求1所述的直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回装置，其特征在于所述蓄电池E装有电源管理器。
CN2011100359580A 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置 Active CN102097849B (zh)

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CN2011100359580A CN102097849B (zh) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置
JP2013552819A JP5735138B2 (ja) 2011-02-11 2011-11-08 直流電機電気自動車用誘導子の電力回収装置
PCT/CN2011/081907 WO2012106960A1 (zh) 2011-02-11 2011-11-08 直流电机电动车用感应器电能量回收装置
DE112011104872T DE112011104872T5 (de) 2011-02-11 2011-11-08 Sensorgestützte Energierückgewinnungsvorrichtung zur Verwendung im Elektroauto-Gleichstrommotor
US13/952,687 US9099947B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2013-07-29 Device for recovering electric energy in DC motor-driven electric vehicle

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