CN102093130B - Compound humic acid liquid fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a compound humic acid liquid fertilizer which uses water as a solvent and comprises humic acid, abundant nutrients and a plant growth regulator. The compound humic acid liquid fertilizer is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 12-20% of fulvic acid, 10-15% of urea, 16-24% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3-0.5% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3-0.5% of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.2-0.3% of sodium alginate, 2-2.5% of sucrose and the balance of water. Every mu of soil needs 250-300mL of stock solution, and the stock solution is diluted by 80-100 times, and sprayed on the foliage or poured to the root. The field plot experiment on fertilizer efficiency indicates that by using the compound humic acid liquid fertilizer, the yield of Brassica chinensis is increased by 8-9%, the yield of rapes is increased by 7-8%, and the yield of strawberries is increased by 22.9%.

Description

A kind of compound humic acid liquid fertilizer

One, technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer, particularly a kind of Liquid Fertilizer, be exactly a kind of compound humic acid liquid fertilizer.

Two, background technology

The natural polymer organic compound of element of the first species's complexity that humic acids is the animals and plants remains, mainly to be the plant remains form and accumulate through the decomposition of microorganism and conversion and a series of processes of geochemistry, it exists with entity indeed.Approximately there was terrestrial plant to begin a large amount of accumulation before 400,000,000 years.Large surprising of humic-acid-type substances quantity, number is with trillion tons of calculating.The hundreds billion of tons of peat, brown coal, weathered coal of humic-acid-type substances are rich in China, and are extremely abundant.

It is that fritz Achard extracted from peat first in 1786 that people really are familiar with humic acids.According to textual criticism, " coal is loose " (the national Chinese materia medica protection kind, " coal " means humic acids) of enrolling in the famous medicine man's LI Shi-Zhen Compendium of Material Medica works of China Ming Dynasty also had the history of more than 400 year for example illustrates the China that is applied in of humic acids.

Humic acids is subject to the attention of various countries always in the application of agriculture field, the sixties in 20th century rise, the U.S., and Japan, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), France, Austria wait and in succession to have set up humic acid fertilizer factory.South east asia was increasing to the demand of humic acid fertilizer in recent years.

Over 30 years, though China's Humic Acid Industry has rapid progress, but as a big country, at first be large agricultural country and resource of humic acid big country, no matter humic acids science and technology and application are depth ﹠ wideths, all not too adapt to the needs of national economic development and ecological construction, comparing with some developed country's level also has no small gap.The potential advantages of humic acids are not brought into play.For example: Japan, the cultivated area that Korea S adds up (7,390,000 hectares) is less than 7% of China, but use the requirement of humic acids quality product and quantity far above China to agricultural, rough estimates, the Shanxi Province is to Japan, the high-quality Sodium salts humic acids (potassium) of Korea S's outlet reaches 40,000-50,000 tons every year, the humic acid material coal export reaches 200,000 ton/years (most be used for agricultural) but this province and only has 1,000-2,000 ton/years to the secondary Sodium salts humic acids (potassium) of home sale, and high-quality Sodium salts humic acids (potassium) is sold almost nil at home.Humic acids China is mainly used in organic fertilizer or plant-growth regulator.

Humic acids HA (Humic acids) chief component is the elements such as C, H, O and N, a small amount of S, P.HA oxygen has 68%-91% to be present in functional group, mainly contain-the COOH carboxyl, phenolic group-OH, quinonyl-CO etc., HA except tool acidity, wetting ability, ion exchangeable also has stronger complexing, chelating and adsorptivity.

Xanthohumic acid FA (Fulvic acids) is a kind of of humic acids, and oxy radical is many, and is water-soluble, its water-soluble particle diameter 6-10nm nanometer.Due to xanthohumic acid FA and other humic-acid-type substances, Ulmic acids BHA, ulmic acid HYA compares, oxy radical is more, carbon containing still less, its activity is higher.

China's chemical fertilizer only had 1.3 ten thousand tons in 1949, reached 4638.8 ten thousand tons in 2004.Rank first in the world, chemical fertilizer plays vital effect in agricultural.Population accounts for the world 22%, and it is not little that the arable land only has 9% of the world, the contribution of chemical fertilizer.But traditional chemical fertilizer, N, P, K is excessive and irrational fertilising, cause the wasting of resources, Efficiency Decreasing, and on the impact of environment, be also fact clear to all, the ratio of application fertilizer and crop yield is early with serious imbalance, according to statistics: 1984-1994 China fertilizer production increases by 90.7%, increases in grain production 9..1%.This season utilization ratio of seeing N, P, K with regard to chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is respectively: 25%-35%, and 10%-25%, 30%-50%, overall utilization is 25%-35%, far below the horizontal 45%-60% level in developed regions.Chemical fertilizer decomposes, and runs off, and causes soil and water nitrate, nitrite pollution, and the water systems'phosphorus accumulation causes eutrophication.NO_x in Air Environment concentration improves, and becomes an important factor that threatens global environment safety.

Phosphorus is one of indispensable major fertilizer elements of plant growth, and China is large agricultural country, but is also phosphate rock resource very short country per capita, according to related data, during phosphate fertilizer is manured into soil, 80% available phosphorus is arranged by soil Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Zn2+, the positively charged ions such as AL3+ are fixed into indissoluble phosphorus, for a long time in soil enrichment a large amount of invalid phosphorus, on the one hand cause soil and fertilizer to waste in a large number, crumb structure that on the other hand can spoiled soil, cause soil compaction, quality descends, and environmental pollution.China is since using phosphate fertilizer the 1950's, the indissoluble phosphorus that is stored in soil is accumulated up to 6,000 ten thousand tons, surpass 10 years consumption summations of present national phosphate fertilizer, develop and this part phosphate fertilizer resource that is fixed of activation utilization, the development of agricultural is had the realistic meaning of particularly important.

Three, summary of the invention

The present invention aims to provide a kind of compound humic acid liquid fertilizer with the abundant resource of humic acid that develops China, and technical problem to be solved is the compound of humic acids and organic fertilizer and mineral manure.

This liquid fertilizer comprises humic acids, N, P, K macronutrient and plant-growth regulator take water as solvent, and each component has following mass percent:

Xanthohumic acid 12-20%

Urea 10-15%

Potassium primary phosphate 16-24%

Sodium nitrophenolate 0.3-0.5%

Nafusaku 0.3-0.5%

Sodium alginate 0.2-0.3%

Sucrose 2-2.5%

Water surplus (supplying 100%).

Described sodium nitrophenolate and Nafusaku (α-naphthaleneacidsodium) are all commercially available plant-growth regulator.The present invention uses multiple SODIUMNITRATE and the former medicine of Nafusaku.Wherein sodium nitrophenolate is the mixture that is made of 15-25% (mass percent, lower same) 5 nitroguaiacol sodium, 25-30% o-nitrophenol sodium and 45-55% paranitrophenol sodium salt or m-nitrophenol sodium.

This liquid fertilizer processing is simple, at first the urea of proportional quantity is ground to form the FA of powdery and proportional quantity and the potassium primary phosphate of proportional quantity mixes; Then the sucrose with proportional quantity is dissolved in part water, adds under stirring separately that sodium nitrophenolate, Nafusaku and the sodium alginate of proportional quantity make it whole dissolvings, adds at last above-mentioned solid mixture stirring and dissolving and is diluted to normality.

This liquid fertilizer both can dilute 80-100 times of foliage-spray, also can dilute 80-100 times of root pouring, mu consumption 250-300mL stoste.

This liquid fertilizer carries out the manure trial of residential quarter, field through General Station for Soil and Fertilizer, Anhui, to liking the short dustpan of local vegetables govern-house-variety blue or green (Feixi County) and green vegetables (Tongcheng City), residential quarter area 20-24m ², establish three processing, namely local habits fertilization adds this Liquid Fertilizer of foliage-spray, local habits fertilization adds foliage-spray clear water and local habits fertilization, three repetitions are established in each processing, spray in phase three times at vegetable growth, each consumption is amounted to a mu consumption 260mL stoste, dilutes 100 times.This Liquid Fertilizer is used in the result demonstration, and colony's growing way is neat, and the leaf look more dark green, and plant height and single-strain fresh weight increase, the blue or green per mu yield stimulation ratio of short dustpan 8-9%, green vegetables per mu yield stimulation ratio 7-8%.

This liquid fertilizer has also carried out booth residential quarter manure trial in strawberry base, Changfeng County, Hefei City.Two booths are selected in Da Yang town, San Shigang township, place, and seven ridge strawberries are arranged in every canopy.No. 1 canopy four ridge roots water Shi Benfei, three ridge contrasts, and No. 2 canopy three ridge roots water Shi Benfei, four ridge contrasts.Water Shi Sanci strawberry in vegetative period, each mu consumption 260mL stoste is diluted 100 times.Weigh after results, strawberry on average increases production 22.9%.Use this capim gordura certain kind of berries growing way spy good, the fruit appearance glow, size is even, and mouthfeel is good, according to booth owner introduction, the fertilizer efficiency of recommending with Japanese businessman suitable (this base strawberry section port Japan).

Four, embodiment

Take this liquid fertilizer of preparation 100kg as example, non-limiting examples is described below:

1, take that xanthohumic acid 18kg pulverizes, urea 13kg and potassium primary phosphate 20kg mix.

2, take sucrose 2kg stirring and dissolving in 15kg water, add 0.4kg sodium nitrophenolate, 0.4kg Nafusaku and 0.2kg sodium alginate to make it whole dissolvings under stirring.

3, add the 2nd to go on foot in the solution that obtains under the solid mixture that the 1st step was obtained stirs, add simultaneously water 31kg stirring and dissolving and namely get this liquid fertilizer.PH value 6, proportion 1.1g/cm ³The left and right.If be used for foliage-spray, filtering separation, remove the non-water soluble impurity of bringing in raw material.

Claims (1)

1. a compound humic acid liquid fertilizer, take water as solvent, comprise humic acids, macronutrient and plant-growth regulator, and it is characterized in that: each component has following mass percent:

Xanthohumic acid 12-20%

Urea 10-15%

Potassium primary phosphate 16-24%

Sodium nitrophenolate 0.3-0.5%

Nafusaku 0.3-0.5%

Sodium alginate 0.2-0.3%

Sucrose 2-2.5%

Water surplus.