CN102077808A - Breeding technique of wild bumblebee - Google Patents
Breeding technique of wild bumblebee Download PDFInfo
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- CN102077808A CN102077808A CN200910232745XA CN200910232745A CN102077808A CN 102077808 A CN102077808 A CN 102077808A CN 200910232745X A CN200910232745X A CN 200910232745XA CN 200910232745 A CN200910232745 A CN 200910232745A CN 102077808 A CN102077808 A CN 102077808A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a breeding technique of wild bumblebee, which is mainly suitable for artificial feeding and breeding of wild bumblebee and belongs to the technical field of wild insect breeding. The breeding technique of bumblebee is composed of the following steps: capturing a queen bee of the wild bumblebee, setting a simulation environment, inducing the queen bee to lay eggs, performing low-temperature treatment to the bee colony, carefully choosing queen bees of the bee colony, causing virgin queen bees to copulate, refrigerating the queen bees for breeding, raising the temperature for arousing the queen bees, etc. The breeding technique of wild bumblebee is characterized by the copulation of the virgin queen bees. The newborn queen bees which are mature in sexual development and drones are caused to fly for 4 hours in a small-size shelter which has enough light and is provided with flowering fruits or vegetables in a temperature of 25-30 DEG C and a relative humidity of 60-65%. The queen bees for breeding are refrigerated. The queen bees are stored in a refrigerating chamber of a refrigerator with a relative humidity of 60-75% and a temperature of 0-5 DEG C for causing the queen bees to enter a dormancy diapause state along with the simulation of natural temperature and humidity. The breeding technique of the wild bumblebee has the following advantages: high success rate of bumblebee queens, high egg laying rate, high herding rate of bumblebee, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wild bumblebee raising technology, mainly be applicable to wild bumblebee hand-feeding propagation, belong to wild technical field of insect feeding.
Background technology
Bumblebee belongs to Hymenoptera Apoidea bumblebee family, is the polyphagous social insect of a class, and its evolution degree is in the interstage from solitary bee to highly social honeybee.China has bumblebee kind more than 80 approximately, in the frigid zone, all there is distribution in temperate zone and the torrid zone, but particularly abundant in high altitude localities, temperate zone kind.The bumblebee bodily form is big, fine hair from head to foot, and tone is longer, has stronger collection power, and is strong to low temperature, low light adaptive capacity, can resist rugged environment.The bumblebee information interchange is undeveloped, and phototaxis is poor, and lower temperature resistance is strong, and moisture resistance is strong, relatively adapts to for the environment in greenhouse.Therefore, bumblebee is the desirable pollina of gourd, fruit and vegetables such as multiple booth setting class crop, particularly strawberry, tomato, pimento, muskmelon, eggplant, watermelon.
Just begun research abroad to the bumblebee pollination technique as far back as the sixties in 20th century.At present, utilize bumblebee to be booth setting class crop, improve agricultural output and be applied in a lot of countries in west such as the U.S., Holland, Belgium, and suitable good (volume increase is more than 30%) of effect.At present, China utilizes bumblebee just to begin starting for the pollination of booth setting class crop.Because also thoroughly do not solve after bumblebee king mating success rate, the diapause spawning rate and bumblebee problems such as rate is not high in groups, and from foreign procurement price incomparable expensive (1000 dollars/case), so promotion rate is very slow.
In recent years, the development of China industrialized agriculture is very fast, by 2008, facilities vegetable year cultivated area turned over than 2000 near some, reach 5,020 ten thousand mu, the gross output value reaches 4,100 hundred million yuan.Beijing, Liaoning, Shanghai, Tianjin, Jiangsu, province, cities such as Jilin, Ningxia, the Inner Mongol greatly develop facilities vegetable one after another.2008, Shandong Province's facilities vegetable area accounted for 43.7% of the whole province's growing vegetables area, had become maximum facilities vegetable production base, the whole nation.Wherein, Shouguang growing vegetables area develops into 800,000 mu, and winter warm type big shack reaches 400,000, produces 2000000000 kilograms of all kinds of vegetables per year, 2,400,000,000 yuan of the output values.These all provide wide space for bumblebee for solanaceous vegetables pollination, also the reason of the good Chinese market of foreign bumblebee pollination new high-tech enterprise such as Israel, Holland, Belgium just.
Therefore, blockade, the introduction of external bumblebee of evading external bumblebee domestication raising technology threaten, introduce difficulty and drawbacks such as external bumblebee costs an arm and a leg to local species, coastal local bumblebee domestication in independent research east and raising technology, the bumblebee of setting up Jiangsu and even China breeds, supplies kind of a base, and the development of service off-season greenhouse vegetables is brought into schedule.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve wild bumblebee hand-feeding propagation's problem, the invention provides a kind of wild bumblebee raising technology.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
(1) catches wild bumblebee king.Bumblebee living environment is that luminosity is dim in the open air, and temperature is 25～30 ℃, and relative moisture is in 45%～80% nest, catches bigger bright bumblebee king or the ruddiness bumblebee king of group's gesture.
(2) simulated environment is set.Use facilities such as dark curtain, air-conditioning and humidifier to contrast wild bumblebee nest light, temperature, humidity index and carry out the simulated environment setting, general temperature is 25～30 ℃, and relative moisture is 45%～80%.
(3) induce queen to lay eggs.The wild bumblebee king who catches is back put into the rearing-box that the simulation honeycomb is provided with, in rearing-box, put into the pollen about 2 newborn bumblebees or honeybee, 2～3 bee larvas of differing in size and 50 grams again, stimulate the queen bee development of ovary to lay eggs.
(4) low temperature treatment bee colony.About 50 days, bumblebee group gesture reach about 60 behind the queen to lay eggs, enter the booth pollination in bee colony, will bumblebee is housed and move between the lower buffering of temp. and humidity precooling 2～3 days with the beehive that the insulation thing covers, and the enhancing bumblebee is to the adaptive capacity of booth working environment.
(5) selected population kind king.Go out the room about 41 days first worker bee, when newborn drone and queen bee Sex Differentiation occurring in the bee colony, in groups very fast, worker bee is more, queen to lay eggs power is vigorous, the bigger newborn queen bee of the selected bodily form in the later bee colony appears in drone, strengthen the feed supply emphasis and tame and docile and educate.
(6) virgin's queen mating.By 1: 5 quantity ratio,, temperature abundant in illumination was that 25～30 ℃, relative moisture are 60-65%, plant in the small-sized canopy that apparent flowers and fruits vegetables are arranged and let 4h fly away with the newborn queen bee of sexual development maturation and drone.
(7) refrigeration is planted and is used queen bee.In relative moisture be 60-75%, fluctuation changes temperature of refrigerating chamber in refrigerator storage queen bee in 0-5 ℃ of interval, allows it enter dormancy diapause state with the simulating nature temp. and humidity.
(8) heat and wake queen bee up.Queen bee with dormancy moves into hot house earlier, progressively improve temp. and humidity and wake queen bee up, and simulation springtime periodicity of illumination adds an amount of hormone or with CO2 anaesthesia shortening queen bee duration of diapause, urges its growth with the suitable illumination queen bee of spotlight in food.It is characterized in that: (6) by 1: 5 quantity ratio,, temperature abundant in illumination was that 25～30 ℃, relative moisture are 60-65%, plant in the small-sized canopy that apparent flowers and fruits vegetables are arranged and let 4h fly away with the newborn queen bee of sexual development maturation and drone.(7) refrigeration is planted and is used queen bee.In relative moisture be 60-75%, fluctuation changes temperature of refrigerating chamber in refrigerator storage queen bee in 0-5 ℃ of interval, allows it enter dormancy diapause state with the simulating nature temp. and humidity.
The present invention has queen mating success rate height, spawning rate height, and bumblebee is the rate advantages of higher in groups.
Embodiment
In about March 25, catch 10 wild bright bumblebee kings in the open air, placing temperature is 25～30 ℃, relative moisture is in 45%～80% the beehive, puts into 3～5 honeybees, 2～3 bee larvas, 50 gram left and right sides pollen and a small amount of cottons simultaneously.The queen bee ovary is grown gradually, begins to lay eggs on March 29.About April 16, the newborn bumblebee of each group begins progressively to sprout wings the room, and bumblebee group gesture progressively enlarges.May 18, mostly bumblebee group gesture only reaches 62-80, and rate reaches 68% in groups.19, the beehive that the special-purpose thermal insulation thing of will packing into covers the bumblebee of lair moved between the lower buffering of temp. and humidity precooling 2～3 days, and begin to move to the energy-saving solar greenhouse and carry out test of pollination afternoon on the 22nd.Newborn drone appears in June 17 in two bee colonies, occur newborn queen bee immediately.In morning June 21, in the end a bee colony finds that having newborn queen bee to sprout wings the room.The mornings 9 June 30 point, with birth 10 queen bees and 50 drones at the latest be placed in respectively that illumination is abundant, temperature is that 25～30 ℃, relative moisture have in the small-sized canopy of apparent flowers and fruits vegetables for the 60-65% kind, behind the 4h, find that the bumblebee king in the flowering shrubs has 9 to finish mating, success rate is 90%.July 4, it is 0-5 ℃ cold compartment of refrigerator that the bumblebee king who finishes mating is put into temperature, allows bumblebee king hibernation 45 days under the environment that fluctuation changes.July 17 moved to the greenhouse with the bumblebee king of dormancy and progressively heats, and simulation springtime periodicity of illumination shines in right amount with spotlight, and bumblebee the king revive gradually, begins edible pollen.31, under anaesthetic or functions of hormones, two the bumblebee kings of duration of diapause after by artificial the shortening progressively grew in the miniature beehive that is placed with the pollen about 2 honeybees, 2～3 bee larvas and 50 grams respectively again, and nested and lay eggs.By said process, egg-laying period of the queen bee that originally could lay eggs April in the coming year nearly 9 months have been shifted to an earlier date.
After the success of bumblebee artificial breeding, carry out the strawberry test of pollination in high-efficiency agriculture demonstration base, fruit-setting rate is 98.5%, volume increase 65.6%-74.3% (part bumblebee group output improves 80.2%-95.2%), malformed fruit decline 60.7%-63.1%.The bumblebee pollination has changed the volume increase mode of using chemical reagent such as hormone, for agricultural product security lays the foundation.The pollination strawberry obviously is better than artificial pollination at aspects such as pol, vitamin contents, and fruit shape is good, and quality better, mouthfeel are good.The bumblebee pollination shows that in booth vegetable test of pollination results that bears fruit such as cucumber, tomato, capsicums output all increases more than the 25%-30%, and economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits are all very remarkable.
The bumblebee pollination has reduced hand labor intensity, cuts down expenses in the time and labour saving.Particularly in the bumblebee pollinating process, bumblebee also has the behavior of getting the food aphid, shows that using bumblebee has pollination and control worm double action.
Claims (1)
1. wild bumblebee raising technology, be by: (1) catches wild bumblebee king.Bumblebee living environment is that luminosity is dim in the open air, and temperature is 25～30 ℃, and relative moisture is in 45%～80% nest, catches bigger bright bumblebee king or the ruddiness bumblebee king of group's gesture.
(2) simulated environment is set.Use facilities such as dark curtain, air-conditioning and humidifier to contrast wild bumblebee nest light, temperature, humidity index and carry out the simulated environment setting, general temperature is 25～30 ℃, and relative moisture is 45%～80%.
(3) induce queen to lay eggs.The wild bumblebee king who catches is back put into the rearing-box that the simulation honeycomb is provided with, in rearing-box, put into the pollen about 2 newborn bumblebees or honeybee, 2～3 bee larvas of differing in size and 50 grams again, stimulate the queen bee development of ovary to lay eggs.
(4) low temperature treatment bee colony.About 50 days, bumblebee group gesture reach about 60 behind the queen to lay eggs, enter the booth pollination in bee colony, will bumblebee is housed and move between the lower buffering of temp. and humidity precooling 2～3 days with the beehive that the insulation thing covers, and the enhancing bumblebee is to the adaptive capacity of booth working environment.
(5) selected population kind king.Go out the room about 41 days first worker bee, when newborn drone and queen bee Sex Differentiation occurring in the bee colony, in groups very fast, worker bee is more, queen to lay eggs power is vigorous, the bigger newborn queen bee of the selected bodily form in the later bee colony appears in drone, strengthen the feed supply emphasis and tame and docile and educate.
(6) virgin's queen mating.By 1: 5 quantity ratio,, temperature abundant in illumination was that 25～30 ℃, relative moisture are 60-65%, plant in the small-sized canopy that apparent flowers and fruits vegetables are arranged and let 4h fly away with the newborn queen bee of sexual development maturation and drone.
(7) refrigeration is planted and is used queen bee.In relative moisture be 60-75%, fluctuation changes temperature of refrigerating chamber in refrigerator storage queen bee in 0-5 ℃ of interval, allows it enter dormancy diapause state with the simulating nature temp. and humidity.
(8) heat and wake queen bee up.Queen bee with dormancy moves into hot house earlier, progressively improve temp. and humidity and wake queen bee up, and simulation springtime periodicity of illumination is with the suitable illumination queen bee of spotlight, in food, add an amount of hormone or shorten the queen bee duration of diapause with the CO2 anaesthesia, urging it to grow step constitutes, it is characterized in that: (6) by 1: 5 quantity ratio,, temperature abundant in illumination was that 25～30 ℃, relative moisture are 60-65%, plant in the small-sized canopy that apparent flowers and fruits vegetables are arranged and let 4h fly away with the newborn queen bee of sexual development maturation and drone.(7) refrigeration is planted and is used queen bee.In relative moisture be 60-75%, fluctuation changes temperature of refrigerating chamber in refrigerator storage queen bee in 0-5 ℃ of interval, allows it enter dormancy diapause state with the simulating nature temp. and humidity.
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| CN200910232745XA CN102077808A (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2009-11-30 | Breeding technique of wild bumblebee |
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| CN200910232745XA CN102077808A (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2009-11-30 | Breeding technique of wild bumblebee |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103416353A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-12-04 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Bumblebee queen storing method |
| CN103651107A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-03-26 | 山东鑫诚现代农业科技有限责任公司 | Bumblebee artificial-propagation subculturing pollination technology |
| CN104886007A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-09 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for increasing bumblebee commodity group propagation speed |
| CN105613427A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-06-01 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for improving reproductive capacity of Chrysopa septempunctata |
| CN105994166A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 刘昊轩 | Bumblebee culture method |
| CN108200886A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-26 | 辽东学院 | A kind of native country bumblebee fast breeding technology |
| CN111418554A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-17 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Rapid breeding method for bumblebee |
| CN113841607A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-28 | 上海惠和种业有限公司 | Method for seed production and pollination of vegetables by using flies |
| CN114794024A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-29 | 云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所 | Method for constructing artificial population of bombus brevifilis |
-
2009
- 2009-11-30 CN CN200910232745XA patent/CN102077808A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103416353A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-12-04 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Bumblebee queen storing method |
| CN103651107A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-03-26 | 山东鑫诚现代农业科技有限责任公司 | Bumblebee artificial-propagation subculturing pollination technology |
| CN103651107B (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2016-02-24 | 山东鑫诚现代农业科技有限责任公司 | Europe bumblebee mass rearing subculture pollination technique |
| CN105613427A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-06-01 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for improving reproductive capacity of Chrysopa septempunctata |
| CN104886007A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-09 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for increasing bumblebee commodity group propagation speed |
| CN104886007B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-08-29 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | A kind of method for lifting bumblebee commodity group's reproduction speed |
| CN105994166A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 刘昊轩 | Bumblebee culture method |
| CN108200886A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-26 | 辽东学院 | A kind of native country bumblebee fast breeding technology |
| CN111418554A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-17 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Rapid breeding method for bumblebee |
| CN113841607A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-28 | 上海惠和种业有限公司 | Method for seed production and pollination of vegetables by using flies |
| CN114794024A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-29 | 云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所 | Method for constructing artificial population of bombus brevifilis |
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Application publication date: 20110601 |