CN102077764A - Viticulture sunlight greenhouse - Google Patents
Viticulture sunlight greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN102077764A CN102077764A CN201010519031XA CN201010519031A CN102077764A CN 102077764 A CN102077764 A CN 102077764A CN 201010519031X A CN201010519031X A CN 201010519031XA CN 201010519031 A CN201010519031 A CN 201010519031A CN 102077764 A CN102077764 A CN 102077764A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a viticulture sunlight greenhouse. The bottom of the sunlight greenhouse is equipped with a cultivation base; the front side of the cultivation base is equipped with a front foundation, and the rear side of the cultivation base is equipped with a cold-proof ditch; the front side of the cold-proof ditch is equipped with a foundation; a rear wall is constructed on a rear wall foundation and is sequentially equipped with an outer rear wall and an inner rear wall, and a rear wall insulation layer is sandwiched between the outer rear wall and the inner rear wall; the top of the rear wall top is covered on the top of the rear wall; a back slope is connected at the front side of the rear wall top; a shed frame is arranged at the upper part between the front side of the back slope and the inner side of the front foundation; and a back slope shed frame is connected at the rear side of the shed frame. The sunlight greenhouse constructed by the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of excellent daylighting property and excellent thermal insulation property, and the cultivated grapes has the advantages of high yield and good quality, thus the sunlight greenhouse is applicable to cultivating grapes and other plants.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention proposed is the plant cultivation facility of agriculture field, specifically a kind of viticulture greenhouse by solar heat.
Background technology
Before the present invention proposes, the greenhouse by solar heat that is used for wine-growing and cultivation adopts the optional structure form usually, because structure and construction data randomness thereof are strong, often can not reach and accept sunlight to greatest extent, thereby make the grape of being cultivated to reach maximum output and optimum quality.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of existing greenhouse by solar heat, the present invention proposes a kind of viticulture greenhouse by solar heat.This greenhouse by solar heat solves the technical problem of greenhouse by solar heat optimum efficiency by the design and the selection of structure structure with technical parameter.
The scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is adopted is:
The greenhouse by solar heat bottom is provided with the cultivation base, front side at the cultivation base is provided with preceding ground, and rear side is provided with the winter protection ditch, is provided with back wall ground in the front side of winter protection ditch, on the wall ground of back, built the back wall by laying bricks or stones, back wall be provided with successively back wall exterior wall, after wall within the walls, accompany back wall heat-insulation layer between the two, back wall upper top is stamped Hou Qiangding, be connected with adverse grade with front side, wall top, back, be provided with frame in the front side of adverse grade and the top between the preceding ground inboard, be connected with the adverse grade frame with the frame rear side, adverse grade places on the adverse grade support.
Good effect, the greenhouse by solar heat daylighting and the heat insulating ability that adopt technical solution of the present invention to build are superior, can make vintage height, the quality better of being cultivated.Suitable grape and other plant cultivation are used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is wall construction figure behind the present invention
Fig. 3 is canopy body structure parameter tags figure of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a plane figure of the present invention
Among the figure, 1. cultivation base, 2. before barricade, 3. winter protection ditch, 4. back wall, wall ground behind the 4.0., 4.1. back wall exterior wall, wall within the walls behind the 4.2., wall heat-insulation layer behind the 4.3., 5. back wall top, 6. adverse grade, 7. frame, segmental arc under the 7.01., the last segmental arc of 7.02., 7.03. tangent section, 7.1. adverse grade support.
Embodiment
According to the figure, the greenhouse by solar heat bottom is cultivation base 1, barricade 2 before the front side of cultivation base is provided with, rear side is provided with winter protection ditch 3, be provided with back wall ground 4.0 in the front side of winter protection ditch, on the wall ground of back, built back wall 4 by laying bricks or stones, back wall be provided with successively back wall exterior wall 4.1, after wall 4.2 within the walls, accompany back wall heat-insulation layer 4.3 between the two, back wall upper top is stamped wall top, back 5, is connected with adverse grade 6 with front side, wall top, back, is provided with frame 7 in the top between the side within the walls at the front side and the front of adverse grade, be connected with adverse grade frame 7.1 with the frame rear side, adverse grade places on the adverse grade support.
1, greenhouse by solar heat is built the selection in orientation 0: towards 0~10 ° of south by east or 5~10 °.
2, the selection of the long L0 in greenhouse: 50~80 meters.
3, the k1 of greenhouse lighting face projection width selects: 5-9.5 rice.
4, the k0 of greenhouse span selects: 5.5~10.0 meters.
5, the selection of adverse grade floor projection width d: 1.0~1.5 meters.
6, the selection of lighting roof angle α:
Lighting roof angle computing formula is as follows:
Formula one: (50 °-h of tg α=tg
10)/cost
10
Formula two: sinh
10=sin ψ sin δ+cos ψ cos δ cos t
10H in the formula
10Sun altitude at 10 o'clock in morning Winter Solstice; ψ-geographic latitude; δ-declination, i.e. sun place latitude; t
10-the morning 10 o'clock sun hour angle, be 30 °; α-reasonable daylighting period roofing angle.
7, the selection of greenhouse height c: by lighting roof angle and the decision of lighting roof floor projection length, computing formula is as follows: c=tg α (k0-d).C is the greenhouse height in the formula, and span is 2.8~4.0; K0 is the greenhouse span; D is an adverse grade floor projection width.
8, the selection of lighting roof shape: the greenhouse lighting roofing is shaped as the right and wrong shape of two arcs, one tangent line, and promptly two sections are circular arc, and the centre is the tangent line of two circular arcs.Promptly be connected tangent section 7.03 between following segmental arc 7.01 and last segmental arc 7.02, tangent section is a straight line.
1. stage casing tangent line and horizontal plane angle equal lighting roof angle α, length L 3 is [(b-c)/2-1+f]/cos α, wherein the f span is 0~1.0, the f value is more little, lighting roof daylighting effect is poor more, and the f value is big more, and lighting roof daylighting effect is good more, b is an adverse grade floor projection width in the formula, and c is the greenhouse height;
2. descending segmental arc circular arc floor projection width is 1 meter, 1 meter highly is decided to be 1.3 meters, this arc radius r=0.82/sin (52.43 °-α), this circular arc tangential line and horizontal plane angle β=104.86 °-α is located at corresponding preceding base angle, this section arc length L1=2 π r2 (52.43 °-α)/360 °;
3. go up segmental arc circular arc top ridge place's tangent line and horizontal sextant angle β '=2 ε-α, span must be more than or equal to 5 °;
Wherein ε by formula tg ε=a-[(b-c)/2-1+f] tg α-1.3}/{ b-c-1-[(b-c)/2-1+f] } determine, wherein f can be between 0~1.0 value, the f value is more little, lighting roof daylighting effect is poor more, the f value is big more, lighting roof daylighting effect is good more;
F value size determined by formula β '=2 ε-α, and the f value is guaranteed this circular arc top ridge place's tangent line and horizontal sextant angle β ' 〉=5 °;
Last segmental arc arc radius r '=a-[(k0-d)/2-1+f] tg α-1.3}/[2sin ε sin (α-ε)], this circular arc arc length is (ε-α)/360 ° of L2=2 π r ' 2.α is the lighting roof angle in the formula, c is the greenhouse height, k0 is the greenhouse span, d is an adverse grade floor projection width, and β is the lighting roof angle of place, preceding base angle, greenhouse daylighting point, and r is the radius of following segmental arc circular arc, 2 (52.43 °-α) for descending the central angle of segmental arc circular arc correspondence, L1 is following segmental arc arc length, and L2 is last segmental arc circular arc arc length, and L3 is the tangent line straight length between two segmental arcs; β ' goes up segmental arc circular arc top ridge place's tangent line and horizontal sextant angle, and ε is the string of epimere circular arc and the angle of horizontal plane, and r ' is last segmental arc arc radius; F is a constant, and between 0~1.0, the f value is more little, and lighting roof daylighting effect is poor more, and the f value is big more, and lighting roof daylighting effect is good more, and f value size is determined by formula β '=2 ε-α.
9, the selection of adverse grade elevation angle gamma: determine γ=h by following formula
12+ 20 °, sinh
12=sin ψ sin δ+cos ψ cos δ; H in the formula
12Sun altitude for 12 o'clock high noons of Winter Solstice; ψ-geographic latitude; δ-declination, i.e. sun place latitude, for-23 ° 27 '; γ is the adverse grade elevation angle.
10, the selection of back wall height h: wall height h is determined by following formula behind the greenhouse: h=c-tg γ d, and c is the greenhouse height in the formula, the γ adverse grade elevation angle, d is a greenhouse adverse grade floor projection width.
11, the selection of ground degree of depth h2: greenhouse ground degree of depth h2=y+30, the h2 ground degree of depth in the formula, y is local frozen soil layer thickness, unit centimetre; 30 is constant.
12, the selection of wall structure:
1. cob wall: generally thick 30~40 centimetres of thickness of wall body than local eastern soil thickness, determine l=y+40 by formula, l is a thickness of wall body in the formula, y is local frozen soil layer thickness.
2. brick/stone and native heterogeneous composite wall: general brick/stone thickness is more than at least 12 centimetres, thick 20~30 centimetres than local frozen soil layer thickness of back wall exterior wall cob wall thickness; Determine l=l by formula
1+ l
2, l
2=y+30, l is a thickness of wall body in the formula, l
1For after wall thickness degree within the walls, more than at least 12 centimetres, l
2Be back wall exterior wall thickness, y is local frozen soil layer thickness, and 30 is constant.
3. three-layer sandwich cake formula structure: thickness is determined l=l by following formula
1+ l
3+ l
2, l in the formula
1For after wall thickness degree within the walls, l
3Be back wall insulation layer thickness, l
2Be back wall exterior wall thickness.
l
1Value:
Behind the warm temperate zone wall thickness degree 24-37 centimetre within the walls, be painted with white or black.
l
2Value:
Wall exterior wall thickness is 12-24 centimetre behind the warm temperate zone.
Wall exterior wall thickness is 24 centimetres behind the middle temperate zone.
l
3Value:
Wall insulation layer thickness 5~15-10 behind the warm temperate zone~30 centimetres.
The wall insulation layer thickness is 15-40 centimetre behind the middle temperate zone.
13, the selection of adverse grade thickness i:
1. plastic film and stalk weeds structure:
Warm temperate zone adverse grade thickness 40~60-50~70 centimetres.
60-90 centimetre of middle temperate zone adverse grade thickness.
2. reinforcing bar mixes earth member and the heterogeneous mixing adverse grade of stalk weeds: the adverse grade thickness thickness that general reinforcing bar mixes the earth member is advisable for 5-10 centimetre.
3. three-layer sandwich cake formula structure: be formulated as i=i
4+ i
6+ i
5, i in the formula
4Be layer thickness in the adverse grade, i
6Be adverse grade insulation layer thickness, i
5Be the adverse grade outer layer thickness.
i
4Value:
Layer thickness is 5-10 centimetre in the adverse grade of warm temperate zone, and is painted with black.
i
6Value: the adverse grade protective layer thickness is 5 centimetres.
i
5Value:
Warm temperate zone adverse grade outer layer thickness 5~15-10~30 centimetres.
15-40 centimetre of middle temperate zone adverse grade outer layer thickness.
14, the selection of winter protection ditch:
1. degree of depth h2: winter protection trench depth h2=y+30, g is the winter protection trench depth in the formula, unit centimetre, y is local frozen soil layer thickness, unit centimetre; 30 is constant.
2. thickness k3: warm temperate zone 5~20-15~30 centimetre.
15, the selection of greenhouse spacing: the greenhouse spacing is determined L=[(c+z by following formula)/tgh
9] cost9-(d+k2); L is the spacing in front and rear row greenhouse in the formula; The ridge height in c-greenhouse is the greenhouse height; The diameter of insulation materials such as z-straw mat or thermal insulation quilt volume is got 0.5 meter usually; h
9Sun altitude at 9 o'clock in morning Winter Solstice; T9 is the solar hour angle at 9 o'clock in the morning, is 45 °; D-adverse grade floor projection width; K2-body of wall bottom width degree.
Compare with traditional arch-shaped heliogreenhouse, heliogreenhouse daylighting of the present invention, heat insulating ability and fastness are good.
Claims (1)
1. viticulture greenhouse by solar heat, it is characterized in that: the greenhouse by solar heat bottom is cultivation base (1), front side at the cultivation base is provided with preceding barricade (2), rear side is provided with winter protection ditch (3), be provided with back wall ground (4.0) in the front side of winter protection ditch, on the wall ground of back, built back wall (4) by laying bricks or stones, back wall is provided with back wall exterior wall (4.1) successively, after wall (4.2) within the walls, accompany back wall heat-insulation layer (4.3) between the two, back wall upper top is stamped Hou Qiangding (5), is connected with adverse grade (6) with front side, wall top, back, is provided with frame (7) in the top between the side within the walls at the front side and the front of adverse grade, be connected with adverse grade frame (7.1) with the frame rear side, adverse grade places on the adverse grade support;
(1), greenhouse by solar heat is built the selection in orientation 0: towards 0~10 ° of south by east;
(2), the selection of the long L 0 in greenhouse: 50~80 meters;
(3), the k1 of greenhouse lighting face projection width selects: 5-9.5 rice;
(4), the k0 of greenhouse span selects: 5.5~10.0 meters;
(5), the selection of adverse grade floor projection width d: 1.0~1.5 meters;
(6), the selection of lighting roof angle α:
Lighting roof angle computing formula is as follows:
Formula one: (50 °-h of tg α=tg
10)/cost
10
Formula two: sinh
10=sin ψ sin δ+cos ψ cos δ cost
10H in the formula
10Sun altitude at 10 o'clock in morning Winter Solstice; ψ-geographic latitude; δ-declination, i.e. sun place latitude; t
10-the morning 10 o'clock sun hour angle, be 30 °; α-reasonable daylighting period roofing angle;
(7), the selection of greenhouse height c: by lighting roof angle and the decision of lighting roof floor projection length, computing formula is as follows: c=tg α (k0-d).C is the greenhouse height in the formula, and span is 2.8~4.0; K0 is the greenhouse span; D is an adverse grade floor projection width;
(8), the selection of lighting roof shape: the greenhouse lighting roofing is shaped as the right and wrong shape of two arcs, one tangent line, be that two sections are circular arc, the centre is the tangent line of two circular arcs, promptly is connected tangent section (7.03) between following segmental arc (7.01) and last segmental arc (7.02), and tangent section is a straight line;
1. stage casing tangent line and horizontal plane angle equal lighting roof angle α, length L 3 is [(b-c)/2-1+f]/cos α, wherein the f span is 0~1.0, the f value is more little, lighting roof daylighting effect is poor more, and the f value is big more, and lighting roof daylighting effect is good more, b is an adverse grade floor projection width in the formula, and c is the greenhouse height;
2. descending segmental arc circular arc floor projection width is 1 meter, 1 meter highly is decided to be 1.3 meters, this arc radius r=0.82/sin (52.43 °-α), this circular arc tangential line and horizontal plane angle β=104.86 °-α is located at corresponding preceding base angle, this section arc length L1=2 π r2 (52.43 °-α)/360 °;
3. go up segmental arc circular arc top ridge place's tangent line and horizontal sextant angle β '=2 ε-α, span must be more than or equal to 5 °;
Wherein ε by formula tg ε=a-[(b-c)/2-1+f] tg α-1.3}/{ b-c-1-[(b-c)/2-1+f] } determine, wherein f can be between 0~1.0 value, the f value is more little, lighting roof daylighting effect is poor more, the f value is big more, lighting roof daylighting effect is good more;
F value size determined by formula β '=2 ε-α, and the f value is guaranteed this circular arc top ridge place's tangent line and horizontal sextant angle β ' 〉=5 °;
Last segmental arc arc radius r '=a-[(k0-d)/2-1+f] tg α-1.3}/[2sin ε sin (α-ε)], this circular arc arc length is (ε-α)/360 ° of L2=2 π r ' 2; α is the lighting roof angle in the formula, c is the greenhouse height, k0 is the greenhouse span, d is an adverse grade floor projection width, and β is the lighting roof angle of place, preceding base angle, greenhouse daylighting point, and r is the radius of following segmental arc circular arc, 2 (52.43 °-α) for descending the central angle of segmental arc circular arc correspondence, L1 is following segmental arc arc length, and L2 is last segmental arc circular arc arc length, and L3 is the tangent line straight length between two segmental arcs; β ' goes up segmental arc circular arc top ridge place's tangent line and horizontal sextant angle, and ε is the string of epimere circular arc and the angle of horizontal plane, and r ' is last segmental arc arc radius; F is a constant, and between 0~1.0, the f value is more little, and lighting roof daylighting effect is poor more, and the f value is big more, and lighting roof daylighting effect is good more, and f value size is determined by formula β '=2 ε-α;
(9), the selection of adverse grade elevation angle gamma: determine γ=h by following formula
12+ 20 °, sinh
12=sin ψ sin δ+cos ψ cos δ; H in the formula
12Sun altitude for 12 o'clock high noons of Winter Solstice; ψ-geographic latitude; δ-declination, i.e. sun place latitude, for-23 ° 27 '; γ is the adverse grade elevation angle;
(10), the selection of back wall height h: wall height h is determined by following formula behind the greenhouse: h=c-tg γ d, c is the greenhouse height in the formula, the γ adverse grade elevation angle, d is a greenhouse adverse grade floor projection width;
(11), the selection of ground degree of depth h2: greenhouse ground degree of depth h2=y+30, the h2 ground degree of depth in the formula, y is local frozen soil layer thickness, unit centimetre; 30 is constant;
(12), the selection of wall structure:
1. cob wall: generally thick 30~40 centimetres of thickness of wall body than local frozen soil layer thickness, determine l=y+40 by formula, l is a thickness of wall body in the formula, y is local frozen soil layer thickness;
2. brick/stone and native heterogeneous composite wall: general brick/stone thickness is more than at least 12 centimetres, thick 20~30 centimetres than local frozen soil layer thickness of back wall exterior wall cob wall thickness; Determine l=l by formula
1+ l
2, l
2=y+30, l is a thickness of wall body in the formula, l
1For after wall thickness degree within the walls, more than at least 12 centimetres, l
2Be back wall exterior wall thickness, y is local frozen soil layer thickness, and 30 is constant;
3. three-layer sandwich cake formula structure: thickness is determined l=l by following formula
1+ l
3+ l
2, l in the formula
1For after wall thickness degree within the walls, l
3Be back wall insulation layer thickness, l
2Be back wall exterior wall thickness;
l
1Value:
Behind the warm temperate zone wall thickness degree 24-37 centimetre within the walls, be painted with white or black;
l
2Value:
Wall exterior wall thickness is 12-24 centimetre behind the warm temperate zone;
Wall exterior wall thickness is 24 centimetres behind the middle temperate zone;
l
3Value:
Wall insulation layer thickness 5~15-10 behind the warm temperate zone~30 centimetres;
The wall insulation layer thickness is 15-40 centimetre behind the middle temperate zone;
(13), the selection of adverse grade thickness i:
1. plastic film and stalk weeds structure:
Warm temperate zone adverse grade thickness 40~60-50~70 centimetres.
60-90 centimetre of middle temperate zone adverse grade thickness;
2. reinforcing bar mixes earth member and the heterogeneous mixing adverse grade of stalk weeds: 5-10 centimetre of the adverse grade thickness thickness of the mixed earth member of general reinforcing bar;
3. three-layer sandwich cake formula structure: be formulated as i=i
4+ i
6+ i
5, i in the formula
4Be layer thickness in the adverse grade, i
6Be adverse grade insulation layer thickness, i
5Be the adverse grade outer layer thickness;
i
4Value:
Layer thickness is 5-10 centimetre in the adverse grade of warm temperate zone, and is painted with black;
i
6Value: the adverse grade protective layer thickness is 5 centimetres;
i
5Value:
Warm temperate zone adverse grade outer layer thickness 5~15-10~30 centimetres;
15-40 centimetre of middle temperate zone adverse grade outer layer thickness;
(14), the selection of winter protection ditch:
1. degree of depth h2: winter protection trench depth h2=y+30, g is the winter protection trench depth in the formula, unit centimetre, y is local frozen soil layer thickness, unit centimetre; 30 is constant;
2. thickness k 3: warm temperate zone 5~20-15~30 centimetre;
(15), the selection of greenhouse spacing: the greenhouse spacing is determined L=[(c+z by following formula)/tgh
9] cost9-(d+k2); L is the spacing in front and rear row greenhouse in the formula; The ridge height in c-greenhouse is the greenhouse height; The diameter of insulation materials such as z-straw mat or thermal insulation quilt volume is got 0.5 meter usually; h
9Sun altitude at 9 o'clock in morning Winter Solstice; T9 is the solar hour angle at 9 o'clock in the morning, is 45 °; D-adverse grade floor projection width; K2-body of wall bottom width degree.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201010519031XA CN102077764A (en) | 2010-10-26 | 2010-10-26 | Viticulture sunlight greenhouse |
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CN201010519031XA CN102077764A (en) | 2010-10-26 | 2010-10-26 | Viticulture sunlight greenhouse |
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ID=44084116
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102301928A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-01-04 | 姜向涛 | Greenhouse wall |
CN102986475A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-27 | 上海市农业科学院 | Energy-saving type single-inclined-plane plastic greenhouse in Shanghai area |
CN103190312A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 尚秀军 | Energy-efficient solar greenhouse in alpine region |
CN103371078A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-10-30 | 北京福安建材有限公司 | Modular solar greenhouse with photovoltaic panel |
CN107506539A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-22 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of heliogreenhouse Architecture Spatial Form characteristic parameter simplified design calculation method |
-
2010
- 2010-10-26 CN CN201010519031XA patent/CN102077764A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102301928A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-01-04 | 姜向涛 | Greenhouse wall |
CN102986475A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-27 | 上海市农业科学院 | Energy-saving type single-inclined-plane plastic greenhouse in Shanghai area |
CN103371078A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-10-30 | 北京福安建材有限公司 | Modular solar greenhouse with photovoltaic panel |
CN103190312A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 尚秀军 | Energy-efficient solar greenhouse in alpine region |
CN103190312B (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2018-04-17 | 尚秀军 | Energy-efficient solar greenhouse in alpine region |
CN107506539A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-22 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of heliogreenhouse Architecture Spatial Form characteristic parameter simplified design calculation method |
CN107506539B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-08-07 | 北京工业大学 | Simplified design calculation method for space morphological characteristic parameters of sunlight greenhouse building |
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Application publication date: 20110601 |