The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of new device or design utilizes solar energy fully, to satisfy demands for energy better.
The inventor of the utility model notices, at present all over the world, has especially set up a large amount of booths in China, with winter or colder in planting vegetable.The inventor of the utility model be also noted that can utilize solar panel with conversion of solar energy for electric energy to store or to be supplied to electrical network.
Thus, the inventor of the utility model imagination utilizes booth to plant and generate electricity.More specifically; The utility model provides a kind of isosceles top to connect a photovoltaic green-house; Said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house and comprises that facade enclosed device and at least two strides the ceiling that is arranged on above the said facade enclosed device; Whenever stride said ceiling and comprise south domatic and north slope face, and the domatic and said north slope mask in said south has area about equally, the domatic and said north slope face in said south is provided with solar battery array.
Thus, said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house and both can be used for planting vegetable, also can be used for conversion of solar energy is become electric energy.The electric energy that is transformed promptly can be used for being collected by accumulator, for example is used for the purposes such as illumination of green house or peripheral facilities; Also can be used to input to electrical network, supply power to consumer everywhere through electrical network.Domatic and the said north slope mask in said south has domatic and isosceles structure of north slope face formation in the feasible south of area about equally, thereby has higher rigidity.In addition, south domatic with the north slope face on solar battery array all is set makes and can lay more solar cell.And this kind isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house can make full use of existing a large amount of agricultural lands resource, has good scale effect.
Comprise a plurality of striding owing to connect a structure, have bigger area and the bigger solar radiation area of surrounding with respect to the monomer green house thereby said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house.The scale that this has improved the chamber planting area has on the one hand improved the scale of photovoltaic generation on the other hand, can produce significant scale and benefit.And a said company structure makes can the unit of saving surround the cost on the area.For example, can need not to be provided with the separation wall or separate facade at the adjoiner of striding.Preferably, it is open type that said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house inside, just in enclosed device, is not provided with and separates wall and separate facade.This promptly can reduce cost, and also is convenient to appropriate scale of operation and automation farming.
It is pointed out that the term " south is domatic " in the literary composition is meant the domatic of Chaoyang, and be not must refer to " towards south " domatic.When on the Northern Hemisphere, said " south is domatic " is towards south; But when in the Southern Hemisphere, said " south is domatic " in fact is exposed to the north.
Preferably, domatic inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, said south can be between 10 degree and 45 degree.Thereby,, domatic inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, south is set reasonably according to the said isosceles top even actual use region (Position Latitude) of a photovoltaic green-house.Inclination angle southern domatic between 10 degree are spent with 45 goes for most of illumination good area on the earth usually.In most cases, the square formation inclination angle of solar grid-connected electricity generation system generally equals or near the absolute value of local latitude, and this inclination angle makes usually and annually reaches maximum at the lip-deep solar radiant energy of square formation, is suitable for the year-round operation system and uses.
Preferably, domatic inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, said south can be 18 degree.Under this inclination angle, be specially adapted to Zhejiang and the surrounding area or the suitable area of latitude of China.In these zones, latitude is lower, and illumination is better, also plants more economic crops, and the isosceles top that relatively is fit to the utility model connects the application of a photovoltaic green-house.
Preferably, said solar battery array is made up of the transparent membrane solar panel.Thereby part sunlight can see through solar panel, shines in the green house, thereby increases the intensity of illumination in the green house.
Preferably, said isosceles are pushed up company's photovoltaic green-house and may further include the insulation reflectorized material that is laid on said solar battery array downside.Thereby, can play insulation and reflective effect simultaneously, improve the efficient of solar electrical energy generation.
Preferably, said insulation reflectorized material can be provided with rollable and the mode that can spread out again.
Like this, can select to roll or spread out said insulation reflectorized material according to actual conditions.
Preferably, can further be provided with ventilative skylight on the domatic and/or north slope face in said south.Thereby improve the gas permeability that said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house.Especially the gas permeability when closing all the other door and windows (if any).
Preferably, said solar battery array can adopt the formula fixed support that gathers to install.Thereby with intensive mode arranged solar cell panel or other device of solar generating.
Preferably, whenever striding the ceiling region covered is rectangle, and the north and south width of this rectangular area is 11 meters, and thing length is 80 meters, and the height of facade enclosed device is 5 meters, and domatic inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, said south is 18 degree.On the one hand, the zone of rectangle is arranged so that and can utilizes land resources more efficiently, and the waste of avoiding corner areas for example is set to circle if surround the zone, and the zone of rounded periphery will be difficult to utilize.On the other hand, said size design makes booth have bigger careat, is convenient to implement mechanized operation; And the so big area that surrounds makes the generated energy big (for example, under perfect condition, even can reach 50.4kW) of single booth, thereby has certain generating scale, is convenient to the economic utilization and the conveying of electric energy.Bigger height makes has enough spaces to be used for the operation and the operation of farm machinery, also is suitable for planting the crop that needs higher spatial.
Preferably, said facade enclosed device comprises east elevation, south elevation, western facade and northern facade, and wherein, said east elevation, western facade and northern facade are sealing brick wall insulation construction, and said south elevation is laid by sunlight board.Thereby further improve the heat-insulating property that said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house, improve lighting performance simultaneously.
Preferably, said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house and may further include a plurality of reinforced concrete upright columns, and said reinforced concrete upright column whenever is provided with one at a distance from 10 meters on the girth of said facade enclosed device; Each said reinforced concrete upright column is of a size of long 0.1 meter, and is wide 0.1 meter, high 2.5 meters and/or long 0.1 meter; Wide 0.1 meter, high 2.0 meters (according to parameters selections such as geological condition, maximum wind velocities), and the arrangement of reinforcement of each said reinforced concrete upright column is 4 steel bar stresses; Each said reinforced concrete upright column has a stand alone type basis; Said stand alone type basis is of a size of long 0.7 meter, and is wide 0.7 meter, dark 1.0 meters; Two direction arrangements of reinforcement in length and breadth within the basis all are steel bar stresses, are connected with flange through screw rod.Thereby said facade enclosed device can have intensity and steadiness preferably.
Embodiment
Connect a photovoltaic green-house according to the isosceles of the utility model one embodiment top and comprise that facade enclosed device and at least two (for example strides; 7 stride, 9 stride, 21 stride etc.) be arranged on the ceiling of said facade enclosed device top; Whenever stride said ceiling and comprise the domatic and north slope face in south; And the domatic and said north slope mask in said south has area about equally, and the domatic and said north slope face in said south is provided with solar battery array.Thus, said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house and both can be used for planting vegetable, also can be used for conversion of solar energy is become electric energy.The electric energy that is transformed promptly can be used for being collected by accumulator, for example is used for the purposes such as illumination of green house or peripheral facilities; Also can be used to input to electrical network, supply power to consumer through electrical network.Here " south is domatic " is meant the domatic of Chaoyang, and is not be defined as court south domatic.For example, when on the Northern Hemisphere, said " south is domatic " is towards south; And when in the Southern Hemisphere, said " south is domatic " in fact is exposed to the north.
Push up the geographical position that is provided with that connects a photovoltaic green-house according to the isosceles of the utility model, domatic inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, said south can be between 10 degree and 45 degree.Thereby,, domatic inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, south is set reasonably according to the said isosceles top even actual use region (Position Latitude) of a photovoltaic green-house.Inclination angle southern domatic between 10 degree are spent with 45 goes for most of illumination good area on the earth usually.Usually, the square formation inclination angle of solar grid-connected electricity generation system generally equals the absolute value of local latitude, and this inclination angle makes reach maximum at the lip-deep solar radiant energy of square formation the whole year usually, is suitable for the year-round operation system and uses.For example, in Zhejiang and the surrounding area or the suitable area (about north latitude 22 degree or the area about south latitude 22 degree) of latitude of China, inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, said south domatic (when the Southern Hemisphere, being exposed to the north) is preferably 18 degree.In these zones, latitude is lower, and illumination is better, also plants more economic crops, and the isosceles top that relatively is fit to the utility model connects the application of a photovoltaic green-house.
In a preferred embodiment, said solar battery array is made up of the transparent membrane solar panel.Thereby part sunlight can see through solar panel, shines in the green house, thereby increases the intensity of illumination in the green house.Said solar battery array can adopt the formula fixed support that gathers to install.Thereby with intensive mode arranged solar cell panel or other device of solar generating.
Said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house and may further include the insulation reflectorized material that is laid on said solar battery array downside.Thereby, can play insulation and reflective effect simultaneously, improve the efficient of solar electrical energy generation.Preferably, said insulation reflectorized material can be provided with rollable and the mode that can spread out again.Like this, can select to roll or spread out said insulation reflectorized material according to actual conditions.
In a preferred embodiment, the part area on the said north slope face is provided with ventilative skylight.The size and the quantity in ventilative skylight can be according to the area settings of whole booth.Thereby improve the gas permeability that said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house.Especially the gas permeability when closing all the other door and windows.On also can be domatic ventilative skylight be set in south, perhaps south domatic with the north slope face on ventilative skylight all is set, to satisfy the needs of crop production.
In a preferred embodiment, the ceiling region covered of whenever striding of an isosceles top company photovoltaic green-house is a rectangle.Fig. 1 only shows the end view of a monomer photovoltaic greenhouse booth.As shown in the figure, the north and south width of this monomer photovoltaic greenhouse booth (striding for that is an isosceles top company photovoltaic green-house) is 11 meters, and the height of facade enclosed device is 5 meters.And photovoltaic greenhouse booth thing length is 80 meters (not illustrating among the figure).The zone of rectangle is provided with and on the one hand makes it possible to utilize more efficiently land resources, and the waste of avoiding corner areas for example is set to circle if surround the zone, and the zone of rounded periphery will be difficult to utilize.On the other hand, said size design makes booth have bigger careat, is convenient to implement mechanized operation; And so big surround area make that the generated energy of single booth can be big (for example, under perfect condition, specified generated energy in addition can reach 50.4kW), thereby have certain generating scale, be convenient to the economic utilization and the conveying of electric energy.Bigger height makes has enough spaces to be used for the operation and the operation of farm machinery, also is suitable for planting the crop that needs higher spatial.
Still referring to Fig. 1, domatic inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, said south is 18 degree, and the domatic width in said south is 5.8 meters.The booth that so is provided with can have structural strength preferably.
Although it is pointed out that in Fig. 1 not illustrate,, the support of said ceiling or ceiling adopts triangular structure.For example, the support of ceiling comprises and connects into leg-of-mutton horizontal sides, southern pull bar and northern pull bar, and other support member of words that needs, so that ceiling has firm structure.
It is understandable that said facade enclosed device comprises east elevation, south elevation, western facade and northern facade, wherein, said east elevation, western facade and northern facade are sealing brick wall insulation construction, and said south elevation is laid by sunlight board.Said sunlight board for example is can be commercially available sunlight board.Sunlight board is the preferable engineering plastics of a kind of combination property, has good physics, machinery, electric and hot property, have good shock resistance, heat insulation, at a distance from hit in a state of excitement, heat insulation, sound insulation, daylighting, antiultraviolet, advantage such as fire-retardant.For example, select in the present embodiment that 5mm is thick, translucent sunlight board for use.Adopt sunlight board at the south elevation place, help further improving the heat-insulating property that said isosceles top connects a photovoltaic green-house.And the door of turnover green house can be arranged on the midway of east elevation and/or western facade, can certainly be arranged on other position as required.
Although do not illustrate, the photovoltaic greenhouse booth among Fig. 1 further comprises a plurality of reinforced concrete upright columns.Said reinforced concrete upright column is every on the girth of said facade enclosed device to be provided with one at a distance from 10 meters, and each said reinforced concrete upright column is of a size of grows 0.1 meter, wide 0.1 meter; High 2.5 meters (wherein, 2.5 meters is height), and the arrangement of reinforcement of each said reinforced concrete upright column is 4 steel bar stresses; Each said reinforced concrete upright column has a stand alone type basis; Said stand alone type basis is of a size of long 0.7 meter, and is wide 0.7 meter, dark 1.0 meters; Two direction arrangements of reinforcement in length and breadth within the basis all are steel bar stresses, are connected with flange through screw rod.Thereby said facade enclosed device can have intensity and steadiness preferably.The size that it is pointed out that reinforced concrete upright column also can be selected long 0.1 meter for use, and is wide 0.1 meter, high 2.0 meters, perhaps adopts long 0.1 meter simultaneously, wide 0.1 meter, high 2.5 meters and long 0.1 meter, wide 0.1 meter, high 2.0 meters two kinds of these kinds.Parameters selections such as this geological condition, maximum wind velocity according to project ground.Can also be provided with highly is 5.0 meters reinforced concrete upright column.
In addition,, in photovoltaic greenhouse booth shown in Figure 1, adopt the formula fixed support that gathers that solar battery array is installed, that is to say although do not illustrate, the solar battery array fixed installation, very close to each other between the cell panel, fix with rubber strip and fixing glue.At the inboard insulation reflectorized material of laying of solar battery array, said insulation reflectorized material can be rolled and spread out as required.Lay sunlight board and ventilative skylight on the north slope face portion area.Junction adopts plastic-steel material and rubber strip to fix, the glass cement sealing, and structure is firm, prevents seepage.East, west, north facade adopt sealing brick wall insulation construction.South elevation adopts sunlight board to lay, and can have the mobile window of part.
Face the domatic angle of inclination, south and the relation of amount of radiation down and do brief description.
1) direct confirming of amount of radiation on the inclined plane
In engineering design, the direct amount of radiation in inclined plane adopts following formula to calculate:
R
b=Hbt/Hb, wherein
Rb: the ratio of direct amount of radiation on inclined plane and the horizontal plane;
h
s: the sunset hour angle on the horizontal plane;
Hbt: direct solar radiation amount on the inclined plane;
Hb: direct solar radiation amount on the horizontal plane;
H ' s: the sunset hour angle on the inclined plane.
According to above formula,, can calculate direct solar radiation quantity on the s inclined plane, a certain inclination angle according to relevant parameters such as local geographic latitude, solar declination degree.
2) the confirming of sky amount of scatter radiation on the inclined plane
Adopt the Hay Model Calculation for the sky radiation amount.The Hay model thinks that the sky amount of scatter radiation is made up of with the equally distributed amount of scatter radiation two parts of all the other skies the amount of radiation of sun CD on the inclined plane, and its computing formula is:
In the formula, Hb and Hd are respectively direct and amount of scatter radiation on the horizontal plane, and these two parameters are the meteorological station original observed data; Ho is a solar radiation quantity on the horizontal plane of exoatmosphere.
According to relevant parameters such as local geographic latitude, declination angles,, can calculate sky amount of scatter radiation on the s inclined plane, a certain inclination angle according to above-mentioned formula.
3) the ground return amount of radiation confirms
For towards the inclined plane in equator, its amount of radiation total amount also should comprise the reflected radiation amount from ground itself except direct amount of radiation and the amount of scatter radiation from sky from the sun, and its computing formula is:
Hrt=0.5ρH(1-cos(s))
In the formula: H is a total radiation on the horizontal plane, is direct amount of radiation and amount of scatter radiation sum on the horizontal plane, is the meteorological station original observed data; ρ is a ground surface reflectance.The face of land, this photovoltaic plant project place is the desert Gobi desert, and the face of land is dried sand ground.In view of the above, the ground surface reflectance of these bidding plans project place is taken as 18%.
The formula of solar radiation quantity is on the inclined plane:
For the place of confirming, after direct solar radiation amount and the amount of scatter radiation, it is the function of independent variable that the direct amount of radiation on the inclined plane, amount of scatter radiation and ground return amount of radiation are with the inclination angle, inclined plane on known this area each month horizontal plane.Its functional relation can be expressed as following formula:
Ht=Hbt(s)+Hdt(s)+Hrt(s)
Therefore,, answer selective light photovoltaic assembly array optimum angle of incidence, make the radiation amount Ht on the inclined plane reach maximum, thereby reach the maximum target of annual electricity generating capacity for the photovoltaic generating system of fixed array.
The preferred embodiment that the above is merely the utility model is not the protection domain that is used for limiting the utility model; The protection domain of the utility model is limited the claim in claims, and every equivalence variation of doing according to utility model and modification, all within the protection domain of the utility model patent.