CN202095331U - Photovoltaic greenhouse with isosceles triangular top - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse, which is characterized in that it includes a facade enclosure device and a roof arranged above the facade enclosure device, and the roof includes a south slope and a north slope , and the south slope and the north slope have approximately the same area, and solar cell arrays are arranged on the south slope and the north slope. Thus, the isosceles triangular-top photovoltaic greenhouse can be used not only for growing vegetables, but also for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The converted electric energy can be collected by the storage battery, for example, for the lighting of the greenhouse or the surrounding facilities; it can also be input to the power grid to supply power to the electrical equipment through the power grid.

Description

Isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization, in particular to an isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse. the

Background technique

With the development of the times, the demand for energy is gradually increasing. However, the reserves of the main energy sources currently used (such as oil, natural gas, coal, uranium, etc.) are very limited, and their formation cycle usually takes millions of years, and the formation conditions are also very complicated. Therefore, new energy sources need to be developed to meet the demand for energy. the

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a new device or design to fully utilize solar energy to better meet the demand for energy. the

The inventor of the utility model has noticed that a large amount of greenhouses have been established in various parts of the world, especially in China, to grow vegetables in winter or when it is relatively cold. The inventors of the present invention have also noticed that solar panels can be used to convert solar energy into electrical energy for storage or supply to the grid. the

Therefore, the inventor of the present utility model envisages planting and generating electricity by using a greenhouse. More specifically, the utility model provides an isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse to achieve the above purpose. The isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse includes a facade enclosure device and a roof arranged above the facade enclosure device, the roof includes a south slope and a north slope, and the south slope and the The north slope has approximately the same area, and solar cell arrays are arranged on the south slope and the north slope. the

Thus, the isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse can be used not only for growing vegetables, but also for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The converted electric energy can be collected by the storage battery, for example, for the lighting of the greenhouse or the surrounding facilities; it can also be input to the power grid to supply power to the electrical equipment through the power grid. The south slope surface and the north slope surface have approximately equal areas so that the south slope surface and the north slope surface form an isosceles structure, thereby having higher rigidity. In addition, arranging solar cell arrays on both the south slope and the north slope allows more solar cells to be arranged. Moreover, this kind of isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse can make full use of a large amount of existing agricultural land resources, and has a good scale effect. the

It should be pointed out that the term "south slope" in the text refers to a slope facing the sun, not necessarily a slope facing "south". When in the northern hemisphere, the "south slope" faces south; but when in the southern hemisphere, the "south slope" actually faces north. the

Preferably, the inclination angle of the south slope relative to the horizontal plane may be between 10 degrees and 45 degrees. Therefore, according to the actual use region (latitude position) of the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse, the inclination angle of the south slope surface relative to the horizontal plane is reasonably set. Southern slopes with an inclination between 10 and 45 degrees are generally suitable for most well-lit areas on Earth. In most cases, the inclination angle of the square array of the solar grid-connected power generation system is generally equal to or close to the absolute value of the local latitude. This inclination usually maximizes the solar radiation on the surface of the square array throughout the year, which is suitable for the year-round working system. the

Preferably, the inclination angle of the south slope surface relative to the horizontal plane may be 18 degrees. Under this inclination angle, it is especially suitable for Zhejiang and surrounding areas in China or areas with comparable latitudes. In these areas, the latitude is lower, and the light is better, and more economic crops are planted, which is more suitable for the application of the isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse of the present invention. the

Preferably, the solar cell array is composed of transparent thin film solar cell panels. Therefore, part of the sunlight can pass through the solar panel and irradiate into the greenhouse, thereby increasing the light intensity in the greenhouse. the

Preferably, the isosceles triangular-roof photovoltaic greenhouse may further include heat-preserving and reflective materials laid on the lower side of the solar cell array. Therefore, it can play the role of heat preservation and light reflection at the same time, and the efficiency of solar power generation can be improved. the

Preferably, the heat-retaining reflective material can be arranged in a rollable and re-rollable manner. In this way, it is possible to choose whether to roll up or roll out the heat-preservation and light-reflecting material according to the actual situation. the

Preferably, ventilation skylights may be further provided on the south slope and/or the north slope. Therefore, the air permeability of the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse is improved. Especially breathability when closing the rest of the doors and windows (if any). the

Preferably, the solar battery array can be installed with densely distributed fixed brackets. Thereby arranging solar panels or other solar power generating devices in a dense manner. the

Preferably, the area enclosed by the facade enclosure device is rectangular, the north-south width of the rectangular area is 11 meters, the east-west length is 80 meters, the height of the facade enclosure device is 5 meters, and the south slope faces The inclination angle to the horizontal plane is 18 degrees. On the one hand, the rectangular area setting enables more efficient use of land resources and avoids waste of corner areas. For example, if the enclosed area is set as a circle, the area around the circle will be difficult to use. On the other hand, the size design makes the greenhouse have a larger indoor area, which is convenient for mechanized operation; and such a large enclosed area makes the power generation of a single greenhouse larger (for example, in an ideal state, it can even reach 50.4 kW), so that it has a certain power generation scale and is convenient for the economical utilization and transmission of electric energy. The larger height allows enough space for the operation and operation of agricultural machinery, and is also suitable for planting crops that require higher space. the

Preferably, the facade enclosure device includes an east facade, a south facade, a west facade and a north facade, wherein the east facade, the west facade and the north facade are sealed brick wall insulation structures, so The south facade is paved with sun panels. Therefore, the thermal insulation performance of the isosceles triangular-top photovoltaic greenhouse is further improved, and the lighting performance is improved at the same time. the

Preferably, the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse may further include a plurality of reinforced concrete columns, and the reinforced concrete columns are arranged every 10 meters on the perimeter of the facade enclosure device, and each of the reinforced concrete The size of the column is 0.1*0.1*2.5 meters (that is, 0.1 meters long, 0.1 wide, 2.5 meters high, and the rest of the text is similar) and/or 0.1*0.1*2.0 meters (selected according to geological conditions, maximum wind speed and other parameters) , and the reinforcement of each of the reinforced concrete columns is 4 stressed steel bars, each of the reinforced concrete columns has an independent foundation, and the size of the independent foundation is 0.7*0.7*1.0 meters, and the inside of the foundation The longitudinal and horizontal reinforcements of the steel pipe are stressed steel bars, which are connected with the flange through the screw rod. Therefore, the facade enclosure device can have better strength and stability. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a photovoltaic greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

Detailed ways

The isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse according to an embodiment of the utility model includes a facade enclosure device and a roof arranged above the facade enclosure device, the roof includes a south slope and a north slope, the The south slope and the north slope have approximately the same area, and solar cell arrays are arranged on the south slope and the north slope. Thus, the isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse can be used not only for growing vegetables, but also for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The converted electric energy can be collected by the storage battery, such as for the lighting of greenhouses or surrounding facilities, etc.; it can also be input to the power grid to supply power to electrical equipment through the power grid. The "south slope" here refers to a slope facing the sun, and is not limited to a slope facing south. For example, when in the northern hemisphere, the "south slope" faces south; when in the southern hemisphere, the "south slope" actually faces north. the

According to the geographical location of the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse of the present invention, the inclination angle of the south slope surface relative to the horizontal plane can be between 10 degrees and 45 degrees. Therefore, according to the actual use region (latitude position) of the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse, the inclination angle of the south slope surface relative to the horizontal plane is reasonably set. Southern slopes with an inclination between 10 and 45 degrees are generally suitable for most well-lit areas on Earth. Usually, the inclination angle of the square array of the solar grid-connected power generation system is generally equal to the absolute value of the local latitude. This inclination usually maximizes the solar radiation on the surface of the square array throughout the year, which is suitable for the year-round working system. For example, in China's Zhejiang and surrounding areas or areas with comparable latitudes (areas at about 22 degrees north latitude or about 22 degrees south latitude), the inclination angle of the south slope (facing north in the southern hemisphere) relative to the horizontal plane is preferably 18 degrees . In these areas, the latitude is lower, and the light is better, and more economic crops are planted, which is more suitable for the application of the isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse of the present invention. the

In a preferred embodiment, the solar cell array is composed of transparent thin-film solar cell panels. Therefore, part of the sunlight can pass through the solar panel and irradiate into the greenhouse, thereby increasing the light intensity in the greenhouse. The solar battery array can be installed with densely distributed fixed brackets. Thereby arranging solar panels or other solar power generating devices in a dense manner. the

The isosceles triangular-roof photovoltaic greenhouse may further include heat-preserving and reflective materials laid on the lower side of the solar cell array. Therefore, it can play the role of heat preservation and light reflection at the same time, and the efficiency of solar power generation can be improved. Preferably, the heat-retaining reflective material can be arranged in a rollable and re-rollable manner. In this way, it is possible to choose whether to roll up or roll out the heat-preservation and light-reflecting material according to the actual situation. the

In a preferred embodiment, ventilation skylights are provided on part of the north slope. The size and quantity of ventilation skylights can be set according to the area of the whole greenhouse. Therefore, the air permeability of the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse is improved. Especially breathability when closing the rest of the doors and windows. Ventilation skylights can also be arranged on the south slope, or ventilation skylights can be arranged on the south slope and the north slope to meet the needs of crop production. the

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the area enclosed by the facade enclosure device of the isosceles triangular-top photovoltaic grid is rectangular. Fig. 1 only shows a side view of the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse. As shown in the figure, the north-south width of the isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse is 11 meters, and the height of the facade enclosure device is 5 meters. Moreover, the isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse has a length of 80 meters from east to west (not shown in the figure). On the one hand, the rectangular area setting enables more efficient use of land resources and avoids waste of corner areas. For example, if the enclosed area is set as a circle, the area around the circle will be difficult to use. On the other hand, the size design makes the greenhouse have a larger indoor area, which is convenient for implementing mechanized operations; and such a large enclosed area makes the power generation of a single greenhouse larger (for example, in an ideal state, the rated power generation is even It can reach 50.4kW), so it has a certain power generation scale and is convenient for the economical utilization and transmission of electric energy. The larger height allows enough space for the operation and operation of agricultural machinery, and is also suitable for planting crops that require higher space. the

Still referring to FIG. 1 , the inclination angle of the south slope relative to the horizontal plane is 18 degrees, and the width of the south slope is 5.8 meters. The greenhouse set up in this way can have better structural strength. the

It should be pointed out that, although not shown in FIG. 1 , the roof or the brackets of the roof adopt a triangular structure. For example, the support of the roof includes horizontal sides connected in a triangle, south and north tie rods, and other supports if necessary, so that the roof has a strong structure. the

It can be understood that the facade enclosure device includes the east facade, the south facade, the west facade and the north facade, wherein the east facade, the west facade and the north facade are sealed brick wall insulation structures , the south facade is paved with sun panels. The solar panel may be, for example, a commercially available solar panel. Sunshine board is a kind of engineering plastic with better comprehensive performance. It has good physical, mechanical, electrical and thermal properties, and has good impact resistance, heat insulation, impact isolation, heat insulation, sound insulation, lighting, UV protection, and flame retardancy. Etc. For example, a 5mm thick, translucent solar panel is used in this embodiment. The use of solar panels on the south facade is conducive to further improving the thermal insulation performance of the isosceles triangular top photovoltaic greenhouse. Moreover, the door for entering and exiting the greenhouse can be arranged at the middle position of the east facade and/or the west facade, and of course can also be arranged at other positions as required. the

Although not shown, the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse in Fig. 1 further includes a plurality of reinforced concrete columns. The reinforced concrete column is set every 10 meters on the perimeter of the facade enclosure device, and the size of each reinforced concrete column is 0.1*0.1*2.5 meters (wherein, 2.5 meters is the height), and The reinforcement of each reinforced concrete column is 4 stressed steel bars, each of the reinforced concrete columns has an independent foundation, and the size of the independent foundation is 0.7*0.7*1.0 meters (wherein, 1.0 meters is Depth), the longitudinal and horizontal reinforcement within the foundation are stress reinforcement, connected with the flange through the screw. Thereby, described facade enclosure device can have better strength and firmness. It should be pointed out that the size of the reinforced concrete column can also be 0.1*0.1*2.0m, or both 0.1*0.1*2.5m and 0.1*0.1*2.0m. This is selected according to the geological conditions of the project site, the maximum wind speed and other parameters. It is also possible to set reinforced concrete columns with a height of 5.0 meters. the

In addition, although not shown, in the isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse shown in Figure 1, the solar cell array is installed with densely distributed fixed brackets, that is, the solar cell array is fixedly installed, there is no gap between the battery panels, and rubber Fix with strips and glue. The thermal insulation reflective material is laid on the inner side of the solar cell array, and the thermal thermal reflective material can be rolled up and rolled out as required. Sun panels and ventilated skylights are laid on part of the north slope. The connection is fixed with plastic steel material and rubber strip, sealed with glass glue, and the structure is stable to prevent leakage. The east, west and north facades adopt a sealed brick wall insulation structure. The south facade is paved with sun panels and can have some movable windows. the

The following is a brief description of the relationship between the inclination angle of the south slope and the amount of radiation. the

1) Determination of the amount of direct radiation on an inclined surface

In engineering design, the direct radiation of inclined surfaces is calculated using the following formula:

R _b =Hbt/Hb, where

Rb: the ratio of direct radiation on the inclined plane to the horizontal plane;

h _s : angle of sunset hour on the horizontal plane;

Hbt: direct solar radiation on the inclined plane;

Hb: direct solar radiation on the horizontal plane;

h's: Sunset hour angle on the inclined plane. the

According to the above formula, according to the local geographic latitude, solar declination and other relevant parameters, the amount of direct solar radiation on a slope with a certain inclination angle s can be calculated. the

2) Determination of sky scattered radiation on inclined plane

The Hay model is used to calculate the amount of scattered radiation in the sky. The Hay model believes that the scattered radiation of the sky on the inclined plane is composed of two parts: the radiation of the solar disk and the scattered radiation uniformly distributed in the rest of the sky, and its calculation formula is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Hdt</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; HD</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Rb</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cos</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>$

In the formula, Hb and Hd are the direct and diffuse radiation on the horizontal plane, respectively, and these two parameters are the original observation data of the meteorological station; Ho is the solar radiation on the horizontal plane outside the atmosphere. the

According to relevant parameters such as local geographic latitude and solar declination angle, and according to the above formula, the amount of scattered radiation in the sky on a certain inclination angle s can be calculated. the

3) Determination of the amount of ground reflected radiation

For the inclined plane facing the equator, the total radiation amount should include the reflected radiation amount from the ground itself in addition to the direct radiation amount from the sun and the scattered radiation amount from the sky, and the calculation formula is:

Hrt＝0.5ρH(1-cos(s))

In the formula: H is the total radiation on the horizontal plane, which is the sum of direct radiation and scattered radiation on the horizontal plane, and is the original observation data of the weather station; ρ is the ground reflectance. The surface of the photovoltaic power station project site is the Gobi desert, and the surface is dry sandy land. Accordingly, the ground reflectance of the project site in this bidding scheme is taken as 18%. the

The formula for the amount of solar radiation on an inclined surface is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Ht</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; HbRb</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; HD</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Rb</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cos</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.5</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;H</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>$

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cos</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

For a certain location, after knowing the amount of direct solar radiation and diffuse radiation on the horizontal plane of each month in the area, the amount of direct radiation, diffuse radiation and ground reflected radiation on the inclined surface are all independent variables based on the inclination angle of the inclined surface function. Its functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula: Ht=Hbt(s)+Hdt(s)+Hrt(s)

Therefore, for a fixed-array photovoltaic power generation system, the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic module array should be selected to maximize the total radiation Ht on the inclined surface, so as to achieve the maximum annual power generation of the power station. the

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not used to limit the scope of protection of the utility model; the scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the claims in the claims, and all equivalents made according to the utility model Changes and modifications are all within the protection scope of the utility model patent. the

Claims (10)

1. A photovoltaic greenhouse with an isosceles triangular roof, characterized in that it comprises a facade enclosure device and a roof arranged above the facade enclosure device, the roof comprises a south slope and a north slope, and The south slope and the north slope have approximately the same area, and solar cell arrays are arranged on the south slope and the north slope. 2. The photovoltaic greenhouse with isosceles triangular roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, the inclination angle of the south slope relative to the horizontal plane is between 10 degrees and 45 degrees. 3. The isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell array is composed of transparent thin-film solar cell panels. 4. The isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises heat-preserving and reflective materials laid on the lower side of the solar cell array. 5. The photovoltaic greenhouse with isosceles triangular roof according to claim 4, characterized in that, the thermal insulation reflective material is arranged in a rollable and rerollable manner. 6 . The isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a breathable skylight is further arranged on the south slope and/or the north slope. 6 . 7. The isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solar cell array is installed with a densely distributed fixed bracket. 8. The isosceles triangular roof photovoltaic greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the area enclosed by the facade enclosure device is rectangular, and the north-south width of the rectangular area is 11 meters. The east-west length is 80 meters, the height of the enclosure is 5 meters, and the inclination angle of the south slope relative to the horizontal plane is 18 degrees. 9. The photovoltaic greenhouse with isosceles triangular roof as claimed in claim 8, wherein the facade enclosure device comprises east facade, south facade, west facade and north facade, wherein the east facade The front, west and north facades are sealed brick wall insulation structures, and the south facade is paved with solar panels. 10. The photovoltaic greenhouse with isosceles triangular roof as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a plurality of reinforced concrete columns, and the reinforced concrete columns are separated every 10 on the circumference of the facade enclosure device. Set one per meter, the size of each reinforced concrete column is 0.1 meters long, 0.1 meters wide and 2.5 meters high and/or 0.1 meters long, 0.1 meters wide and 2.0 meters high, and the configuration of each reinforced concrete column The reinforcement is 4 stressed steel bars, each of the reinforced concrete columns has an independent foundation, the size of the independent foundation is 0.7 meters in length, 0.7 meters in width and 1.0 meters in depth, and the vertical and horizontal directions in the foundation are reinforced They are all stressed steel bars, connected with flanges through screws. the

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