CN102030569A - Fermenting and drying treatment device for organic wastes - Google Patents
Fermenting and drying treatment device for organic wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102030569A CN102030569A CN2009101777454A CN200910177745A CN102030569A CN 102030569 A CN102030569 A CN 102030569A CN 2009101777454 A CN2009101777454 A CN 2009101777454A CN 200910177745 A CN200910177745 A CN 200910177745A CN 102030569 A CN102030569 A CN 102030569A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
- C12M27/08—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements with different stirrer shapes in one shaft or axis
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fermenting and drying treatment device capable of reliably and effectively fermenting and drying organic wastes with simple structure for avoiding cost increment. The device is provided with an airtight container, a hollow cylindrical rotating shaft rotating freely and vertically arranged in the container, a plurality of stirring blades extending to the horizontal direction from multiple upper and lower positions of the rotating shaft, a driving mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, an air supply mechanism for supplying air to the container, and an exhaust port for exhausting the air in the container. The plurality of stirring blades comprises stirring blades which have hollow interiors and are provided with through holes communicating the outside from the hollow space, the air supply mechanism is connected at the axial end of the rotating shaft, and the hollow space of the rotating shaft is mutually communicated with the hollow space of the stirring blades. Therefore, the air supplied by using the air supply mechanism is exhausted from the through holes of the stirring blades through the rotating shaft. The organic wastes are put into the container, the air is introduced into the container, the organic wastes are stirred, and the organic wastes are subjected to fermenting treatment and drying treatment based on the action of aerobic microbes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to make good use of acting in the gas tight container of aerobic microorganism, make it fermentation and the fermentation dried treatment unit of exsiccant organic waste aeration-agitations such as animal manures.
Background technology
All the time, organic waste such as animal manure, swill is implemented compost treatment (mixed fertilizerization) and utilizes.As compost treatment, accumulation formula, mechanical agitation type are arranged generally.The accumulation formula is meant that in organic waste moisture such as mixing rice chaff regulates material and be adjusted into suitable water ratio, and with it accumulation and the mode of spontaneous fermentation.Mechanical agitation type is meant that utilizing whipping appts to stir organic waste promotes its aerobic fermentation, and the heat of fermentation of this moment is also used the mode of the moisture evaporation in the organic waste.Wherein, mechanical agitation type has open stirring-type and airtight stirring-type.But in accumulation formula and exploitation stirring-type, need regulate material, the moisture adjustment that suits to moisture such as organic waste mixing sawdust or rice chaff.Cause capacity to increase thus, need broad keeping place.There are problems such as foul smell reply difficulty.
Given this, the Japanese Patent spy opens the fermentation dried device that 2002-35724 communique and Japanese patent laid-open 7-148479 communique have proposed to be undertaken by the whipping appts of closed organic waste.The Japanese Patent spy drives the fermentation dried treatment unit of 2002-35724 communique, and its inside with bubble-tight treatment trough is divided into below handling part and top dehumidification portion.Turning axle along continuous straight runs arranged transversely in handling part, agitating vane vertically rotates.In treatment trough, be provided with heating arrangements, become and add the structure of warm air from the ejection of the diapire of handling part.Have cooling body, and the seizure structure that drips of the dew of under the effect of this cooling body, catching in the dehumidification portion.
The fermentation processing unit of Japanese patent laid-open 7-148479 communique constitutes, and will be separated into primary fermentation layer that contains underdone thing and the maturation layer that does not contain underdone thing in the encloses container.The foul smell that produces in the primary fermentation layer is attracted by pump with ozone, leads in the accumulation horizon.Fermentative action by accumulation horizon makes foul smell by microbiological degradation, and circulated gases is remained high temperature saturated humidity shape, is attracted from upper space by gas blower, and catch water of condensation in vapor pipe.Fig. 5～Fig. 7 has put down in writing the vertical formula fermentation processing unit as variation.This device becomes container and is overlapped into 4 layers confined layer stack structure up and down.Stirring mechanism is a longitudinal axis screw, and drive unit is as be positioned at each layer along the chassis device that moves all around on horizontal rail.Each interlayer is provided with dividing wall, as the swill of organic waste by stirring in separately upper limb overflow, the container to lower floor falls successively.Bottom surface at container disposes ventpipe, is linked to air taking port from pneumatic pump, and the vent pipe of gas blower is at the upper space opening.Periphery at each container is provided with lagging material and heating member, and heated object is attracted with remaining the not condensation of pyritous transpiring moisture.Subsequently, water vapour is met outer gas and is cooled off, and dew is caught by fog-proof device and got rid of.Most foul smell are dissolved in water and are excluded.Humidity is subjected to influence and the air that descends is sent in the container from the outer gas of going into tracheae, through the maturation layer, carries out thorough deodorization.
Yet in above-mentioned prior art, in order definitely and efficiently to carry out fermentative processing and drying treatment, fermentation dried treatment unit becomes complicated structure.Therefore, cause comparatively loaded down with trivial details and operation cost and manufacturing cost increase such as manufacturing and maintenance.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of and avoid cost to increase, and can reliably and efficiently carry out fermentation dried fermentation dried treatment unit organic waste with succinct structure.
Fermentation dried treatment unit of the present invention has: airtight container, and it has input port, conveying end, opens and closes the baffle plate of this input port and conveying end; The turning axle of hollow tube-shape, it rotates to erect freely and is arranged in the container; Many pieces of agitating vanes, extend to horizontal direction its many places up and down from turning axle; The driving mechanism that turning axle is rotated; In container, send into the wind pushing mechanism of air; With the gas in the container is carried out the deflated venting port.Among many pieces of agitating vanes, comprise inner hollow and be provided with the agitating vane that leads to outside ventilating pit from this hollow space.Wind pushing mechanism is attached at the axial end portion of turning axle, and the hollow space of the hollow space of turning axle and agitating vane is interconnected.Thus, the air that utilizes wind pushing mechanism to send into is discharged from the ventilating pit of agitating vane by turning axle.On this basis, in container, drop into organic waste, in container in the aeration-agitation, carry out fermentative processing and drying treatment based on the organic waste of the effect of aerobic bacteria.
Like this, since fermentation dried treatment unit of the present invention become the air that will send here by wind pushing mechanism by turning axle from simply constituting that the ventilating pit of agitating vane is discharged, so manufacturing and maintenance etc. are convenient, can suppress the increase of operation cost and manufacturing cost etc. simultaneously.And,,, can carry out reliably and fermentation efficiently and dry so can the entire scope in container evenly ventilate because ventilating pit is arranged on the agitating vane that turning axle rotates.In addition, because container has resistance to air loss, therefore the foul smell that produced of fermentation can not leak into the outside, and this foul smell is discharged to suitable place from relief outlet, therefore can not produce the foul smell problem.And, modulate air flow and get final product owing to only need to wait according to the water ratio in the organic waste, so, moisture adjusting materials such as sawdust also needn't be used.And, heat of fermentation can be used effectively in the moisture evaporation promotion, compare and can handle rapidly with accumulation formula, open stirring-type.
Ventilating pit also can be arranged on whole agitating vanes, but on the set agitating vane of the preferred not upper layer part in container ventilating pit is set, and on the set agitating vane of the lower layer part in container ventilating pit is set.It is that hollow is as prerequisite with the agitating vane that ventilating pit is set.Because moisture is easy to remain in the lower layer part in the container, also can significantly not improve processing efficiency so ventilating pit is arranged on upper layer part, the required cost of energy of blowing on the contrary can increase.In addition, also have the organic waste of upper layer part to dance in the air, the possibility that causes fermentation efficiency to descend.Given this, only on the set agitating vane of lower layer part, ventilating pit is set, can suppresses cost of energy, and can efficiently handle.
There is no particular limitation in the position that is provided with of venting port, but preferably be arranged on the upper portion of container.Especially more preferably on the basis of the roof that venting port is arranged at container, on the agitating vane of hypomere, ventilating pit is set at least.Since from the agitating vane of hypomere supply with the air that comes organic waste by flowing to the roof of container, so can handle more efficiently.And temperature rises in the container along with heat of fermentation makes, and water vapour, foul smell also flow to the upper strata in container, but as long as venting port is arranged on the roof, can carry out exhaust reliably to the gas in the container that contains water vapour, foul smell.Therefore, can also be reduced in the dew that container inner wall generates.
Each agitating vane can also form flat tabular or spirrillum, but preferably by the base plate of level, from a lateral margin of base plate obliquely upward and the swash plate that engages, and engage with another lateral margin of another lateral margin of base plate and swash plate and pars intermedia bends to the side-prominent twisted plate of another lateral margin of base plate and constitutes.Under this situation, each agitating vane presents the section shape of the approximate chevron of protuberance upward.Thus, compare with flat agitating vane, stirring efficiency is improved.And in rotary-type agitating vane, be difficult on the basis of hollow, ventilating pit is set.In addition, more accurate though each agitating vane presents the section shape that is similar to chevron as mentioned above under this situation, become by the shape removed of twisted plate the angle, base.
Though ventilating pit can be arranged on the optional position on the agitating vane,, can produce eyelet and stop up because of piling up organic waste or retain moisture in this ventilating pit when ventilating pit upward during opening.Therefore, preferably ventilating pit is arranged on the ratio bend position on the lower side of twisted plate.Thus, can alleviate the situation that the eyelet of the ventilating pit that moisture, organic waste cause stops up.
Ventilating pit gets final product being provided with more than one on each agitating vane, preferably along the length direction of each agitating vane arrange be provided with a plurality of.When arrangement is provided with a plurality of ventilating pit, can the entire scope in container realize ventilation uniformly.And then, also a plurality of ventilating pits can be set uniformly-spaced under this situation, but preferably from the cardinal extremity (rotation shaft side) of agitating vane to front end, the interval of adjacent ventilating pit is narrowed down gradually.The base end side rotating diameter of agitating vane is little, and along with towards front, it is big that rotating diameter becomes.Therefore, though with a plurality of ventilating pits with uniformly-spaced the configuration, also different at the air flow (ventilation density) of base end side and front unit surface, cause the air flow of the air flow of front less than base end side.Given this, by making ventilating pit interval each other bigger, and become intensive gradually, can realize uniform ventilation towards front ventilating pit interval each other at the base end side of agitating vane.
In addition, preferably the flange piece that extends below tiltedly from the top of bend is arranged engaging on the twisted plate.Thus, because flange piece has blocked organic waste, moisture flow to ventilating pit, so can reduce the situation that the eyelet of ventilating pit stops up effectively.
Container needn't necessarily have thermal insulation, but preferably becomes the heat-insulated container that has the three-decker of thermofin between internal layer and skin.Thus, can prevent that heat of fermentation from spreading to the outside, utilize this heat of fermentation to make moisture evaporation efficiently.And, can also suppress effectively because of and outer gas between temperature head on internal tank, produce dew.
Though also can constitute the gas that produces in the container discharges from venting port naturally by the pressure in the container, but preferably air-releasing mechanism and venting port are linked, and will contain the water vapour that produces in the container, the gas of foul smell is forced to discharge from venting port by air-releasing mechanism.Thus, the treatment time can be shortened (especially time of drying).And, because therefore drainage water steam energetically can suppress the generation of dew effectively.
Though wind pushing mechanism can link with the upper end of turning axle or a certain side of bottom at least, but preferably wind pushing mechanism is arranged on the top and the below both sides of container, and the wind pushing mechanism of below and the bottom of turning axle are linked, the wind pushing mechanism of top and the upper end of turning axle are linked, turning axle is sent into air from wind pushing mechanism up and down.Thus, can improve the upper limit amount of in container, blowing, and, also can improve degree of freedom the control of the air flow in the container by setting the output of wind pushing mechanism up and down respectively individually.And then, can improve the efficient of fermentative processing and drying treatment.
Under this situation, preferably between up and down a certain side or both sides' wind pushing mechanism and turning axle, the heating arrangements that the air of sending into is heated is set.Owing to container internal cause heat of fermentation basically heats up, so might not need heating arrangements.But for example in the winter time or the outer temperature degree that sucks such as cold district when extremely low, owing to can ventilation cool off in the container, so may not reach the required temperature of fermenting in the container, the velocity of evaporation of moisture also reduces.Given this, be provided with under the heating arrangements situation that the temperature degree is lower outside warm air also is provided, therefore can avoid the problems referred to above.
And, also preferably between a certain side or both sides' up and down wind pushing mechanism and turning axle, be provided with valve.Though this valve neither be necessary, valve is set can regulates the air output of sending in the container by the aperture of variable valve, can carry out fermentative processing and drying treatment more efficiently.
Also preferably the temperature testing organization that the gas temperature in the container is detected is set, the temperature testing organization that the temperature to organic waste detects is set at the perisporium of container on the top of container.Thus, can accurately carry out affirmation and control to temperature in the container.In addition, can also hold fermentation, exsiccant carries out situation.Wherein, gas temperature feeler mechanism and organic waste temperature testing organization can be provided with both simultaneously, also one of them can only be set.In addition, gas temperature feeler mechanism and organic waste temperature testing organization neither be necessary.
In addition, though neither be necessary, preferably at the perisporium of container and/or roof (a certain side in perisporium and roof or perisporium or the roof) but the inspection hatch of the state in the Visual Confirmation container is set.Thus, can be by the visual treated state of confirming organic waste.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the local section front view of fermentation dried treatment unit.
Fig. 2 is the major portion diagrammatic cross-section of fermentation dried treatment unit.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of agitating vane.
Embodiment
Below, the representative embodiment of the fermentation processing unit of the organic waste that the present invention relates to is described, but be not limited thereto, in the scope that does not break away from purport of the present invention, can carry out various changes.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, fermentation processing unit has: to the organic waste as object being treated carry out fermentative processing and drying treatment container 10, with air send into air-supply gas blower 20 in the container 10, be arranged on container 10 the below mechanical(superphosphate)den 30 and handled thing dropped into injection mechanism 40 in the container 10.Wherein, only mechanical(superphosphate)den 30 is represented with section among Fig. 1, represented its internal structure.Container 10 to the major portion of fermentation processing unit among Fig. 2 is represented with section, has omitted mechanical(superphosphate)den 30.And, also schematically represented the pipe arrangement path.Air-supply gas blower 20 is equivalent to wind pushing mechanism of the present invention.
And container 10 is three layers of heat insulation structural that have thermofin 10c between metallic outer 10a and metallic internal layer 10b.Thermofin 10c so long as can bring into play thermal insulation the layer then can, there is no particular limitation, can be glass layer, asbestos layer, foamed resin layer, vacuum layer etc.Can also carry out appropriate combination to above-mentioned layer.In the present embodiment, establishing outer 10a and internal layer 10b is iron and steel system, and thermofin 10c is a glass layer.More specifically, internal layer 10b has been used the high stainless steel of solidity to corrosion (SUS304), outer 10a has been used the iron and steel (SS400) that is easy to weld.The thickness of each layer 10a, 10b, 10c can be identical, but preferably make the thickness of thermofin 10c be thicker than the thickness of outer 10a, internal layer 10b.
In container 10, dispose upright be located at the turning axle 11 of central part and from turning axle 11 to the many piece agitating vanes 12 of horizontal direction with radial extension.Turning axle 11 is a hollow cylindrical, is configured to free axis and rotates.The height gauge modest ability of turning axle 11 container 10, from the mechanical(superphosphate)den 30 diapire 10d and the top board 10r that run through container 10, extend to the top of container 10.The part that runs through top board 10r and diapire 10d at turning axle 11 disposes sealing member 56, guarantees the resistance to air loss of container 10.The upper end of turning axle 11 is covered by case lid 57.
There is multistage agitating vane 12 bottom from turning axle 11 in container 10 to the top upper and lower settings.The bottom 10d that the agitating vane 12 of hypomere is set at apart from container 10 is the top position of specified amount, has the gap of specified amount between the diapire 10d of the agitating vane 12 of hypomere and container 10.As shown in Figure 3, each agitating vane 12 is a hollow part, by the base plate 12a of level, from the lateral margin of base plate 12a towards oblique upper and the swash plate 12b that engages, and the twisted plate 12c that engages with another lateral margin of another lateral margin of base plate 12a and swash plate 12b constitute.Swash plate 12b is bonded on the turning direction front side of agitating vane 12.Twisted plate 12c presents pars intermedia and bends to the outstanding section L font of another lateral margin side (the turning direction rear side of agitating vane 12) to base plate 12a.Thus, each agitating vane 12 side of presenting the angle, base is bent plate 12c removes, the section shape of the approximate chevron of protuberance upward.And twisted plate 12c goes up to engage the flange piece 12d that extends to oblique below from the top of bend.The hollow space of each agitating vane 12 is communicated with the hollow space of turning axle 11.
And, as shown in Figure 2, upper and lower settings on the twisted plate 12c of agitating vane 12 in the agitating vane 12 of multistage, that the lower layer part in the container 10 of the agitating vane 12 that contains hypomere is provided with, run through to be provided with inside and outside penetration state and lead to outside ventilating pit 55 from hollow space.On the agitating vane 12 of the upper layer part in being arranged at container 10 ventilating pit is not set.Wherein, the lower layer part in the container 10 is meant the roughly lower part zone in the container 10.And the upper layer part in the container 10 is meant roughly first subregion in the container 10.In the present embodiment, hypomere and be provided with ventilating pit 55 from several second section agitating vane 12 down.Ventilating pit 55 is disposed with a plurality of on the length direction of agitating vane 12, and to front end, adjacent ventilating pit 55 interval to each other narrows down gradually from the cardinal extremity (turning axle 11 sides) of agitating vane 12.And as shown in Figure 3, each ventilating pit 55 is set at the ratio bend position on the lower side on the twisted plate 12c.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, be arranged on the below and the top both sides of container 10 as the air-supply gas blower 20 of wind pushing mechanism.The air-supply gas blower 20d of below is configured in the mechanical(superphosphate)den 30, is attached at the bottom of turning axle 11.And the air-supply gas blower 20u of top is positioned on the container 10, is attached at the upper end of turning axle 11.Accurately, the case lid 57 with the upper end that covers turning axle 11 links.Thus, become the formation to turning axle 11 drum send airs from air- supply gas blower 20u, 20d up and down.And, between up and down air- supply gas blower 20u, 20d and turning axle 11, be provided with the well heater 21 that the air of sending here is heated and regulate valve 22 the interior air output of container 10.Valve 22 both can open and close in electronic mode by electronically controlled, also can be by manually opening and closing.Well heater 21 is equivalent to heating arrangements of the present invention.Symbol 23 is a strainer.
The vapor pipe 25 that leads to the gas treatment facility etc. of regulation links with venting port 51, and this vapor pipe 25 is provided with the mandatory deflated vented drum of the gas blower fan 26 in the container 10.This vented drum blower fan 26 is equivalent to air-releasing mechanism of the present invention.Wherein, the maximal breathing capacity in the container 10 depends on the output of air-supply gas blower 20, vented drum blower fan 26.When the output of air-supply gas blower 20 and vented drum blower fan 26 not simultaneously, the maximal breathing capacities in the container 10 equate with the bigger side of output is intimate.Though air-supply gas blower 20 equates for good substantially with the output of vented drum blower fan 26, under different situations, preferably makes the output of the output of vented drum blower fan 26 greater than air-supply gas blower 20.This is in order to carry out exhaust to foul smell, water vapour energetically.In addition, the output of up and down air- supply gas blower 20u, 20d also is made as and is output as goodly on an equal basis substantially, but under the different situations, preferably makes the output of the output of below air-supply gas blower 20d greater than top air-supply gas blower 20u.Its reason is, because ventilating pit 55 is arranged on the lower layer part in the container 10, so compare with top air-supply gas blower 20u, the output of below air-supply gas blower 20d more can directly influence air flow.Top air-supply gas blower 20u lays particular emphasis on auxiliary below air-supply gas blower 20d.Therefore, the gas blower 20 of will blowing be arranged on container 10 above or below in a certain side the time, preferably it is arranged on the below of container 10.
In mechanical(superphosphate)den 30, dispose the driving mechanism unit that makes 11 rotations of turning axle.The driving mechanism unit is made of with the gear 32 that is engaged in turning axle 20 oil cylinder 31 as drive source.Oil cylinder 31 is free along the left and right directions advance and retreat.Be subjected to the effect of the advance and retreat motion of this oil cylinder 31, gear 32 intermittently rotates towards a direction by cam part (transmission pawl) (not shown).
And, top at the perisporium 10s of container 10, be provided with thermometer 15 as the temperature testing organization that the gas temperature in the container 10 is detected, and, be provided with the thermometer 16 of the temperature testing organization that detects as temperature to organic waste at the central part up and down of the perisporium 10s of container 10.And,, but be provided with the inspection hatch 17,18 of the state in the Visual Confirmation container 10 at the perisporium 10s and the top board 10r of container 10.In addition, 50 be provided with the input hopper 19 that is easy to drop into organic waste in the input port.
Wherein, the operating switch of each component parts of fermentation dried treatment unit is concentrated in the outer operation board of figure.
As the organic waste of object being treated, can enumerate animal manure or swill etc.As animal manure, can list livestock ight soil such as poultry ight soil, pig manure or cow dung such as chicken manure etc.As swill, can list deutero-rubbish such as making food industry, take-away industry, food logistics or making food by product etc.As giving birth to rubbish, except the broken fish of institute of making food factory deutero-, meat mincing, broken dishes etc. such as aquatic products, meat, vegetables, also has residue food that the take-away industry derives out etc.As the making food by product, squeeze when making after the soya-bean milk the remaining residue from beans after making except bean curd, also can list vinasse, distiller's spent grains, brewer's grains, sweetener vinasse etc. and brewage by product and the pulp residue etc. of squeezing the juice.
Wherein, organic waste is with making the aerobic bacteria of its fermentation processed under good compression ring border.Therefore, preferred aerobic bacteria is the aerobic bacteria that activates (fertile) about 30～90 ℃.This is owing to utilize the intensification of concomitant fermentations also can promote the drying of organic waste.Therefore, because with the high-temperature area of about 50～90 ℃ of organic waste guiding, so more preferably above activatory microorganism about 50 ℃.As this aerobic bacteria, bacillus or bacillus etc. enumerably.Particularly, belong to as ground bacillus, thermophilic denitrifying soil genus bacillus (Geobacillus thermodenitrificans), stearothermophilus ground bacillus (Geobacillus stearothermophilus), thermophilic ground bacillus cereus (Geobacilluskaustophilus), underground bacillus (Geobacillus subterraneus), earth genus bacillus (Geobacillus thermoleovorans), Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticas etc. are arranged.In addition, as the bacterium of bacillus, genus bacillus TAT105 (Bacillus sp.TAT105), genus bacillus TAT112 (Bacillus sp.TAT112) etc. are arranged.Wherein, preferably adopt thermophilic denitrifying soil genus bacillus, Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticas.These aerobic bacterias can use wherein a kind of separately, and it is two or more also can to mix use.
In addition, preferably as required, in organic waste, mix auxiliary fermentation, the fermentation auxiliary that decomposes of promoting.As the fermentation auxiliary, can list useless carclazyte (used atlapulgite), polyose lytic enzyme etc.Especially when animal manure is carried out fermentative processing, preferably mix useless carclazyte (used atlapulgite) as required, when swill is carried out fermentative processing, preferred mixing polysaccharide class lytic enzyme as required.Though swill contains fibering polyoses such as the Mierocrystalline cellulose that is difficult to decompose, hemicellulose in making good use of the fermentation that aerobic microorganism carries out, as long as add the polyose lytic enzyme, then can promote the decomposition of this fibering polyose.The polyose lytic enzyme also is favourable in generation aspect the low molecule carbohydrates such as glucose of the nutrition source of aerobic bacteria.In the polyose lytic enzyme, have with polysaccharide polymer from its terminal circumscribed (exo) type that decomposes and with polysaccharide polymer from its inscribe of decomposing (endo) type midway, can use any one.In addition, as the fermentation auxiliary, can also directly mix carbohydrates such as glucose as the nutrition source of aerobic bacteria.
Then, the processing of the organic waste that fermentation dried treatment unit is carried out describes.At first, the organic wastes such as swill of generations such as middle animal manure that produces such as stable or poultry nest or making food factory are put in the hopper 41.Organic waste is by conveying belt conveyance successively, or put in the hopper 41 by shovel loader etc. and to get final product.In addition, organic waste both can come from the stack up yard conveyance, also can come from direct conveyance such as stable or making food factory.Then, opening baffle plate 53, making on the basis of input port 50 openings, hopper 41 is being risen, organic waste is being put in the container 10 from dropping into hopper 19 by hopper elevator 42.Repeat repeatedly this operation, the organic waste of specified amount that will be corresponding with water ratio is put in the container 10.After putting into the organic waste of specified amount in the container 10, close baffle plate 53 input port 50 is closed, allow be in airtight conditions in the container 10.At this moment, conveying end 52 is also sealed by baffle plate 53 certainly.
Wherein, organic waste is at the effect bottom fermentation of aerobic bacteria.Though in organic waste, also contain some aerobic bacterias, for fermentation more reliably, the preferred bacterium bed (compost kind) that contains aerobic bacteria that in container 10, drops in advance.If in advance the compost kind is put in the container 10, even if then drop into the organic waste of high-moisture percentage, also can reduce by mixing water ratio with the compost kind, therefore except making its drying easily, be adjusted to easily aspect the active water ratio that is suitable for aerobic bacteria also comparatively preferred.The organic waste of (composting) then needn't specially drop into the compost kind as compost kind residual specified amount in container 10 if will ferment through last time handling, and is comparatively preferred.Can also be in organic waste be put into container 10 with aerobic bacteria.
Then, drive oil cylinder 31.Thus, turning axle 11 rotates to the intermittent earth's axis of a direction with the engagement of gear 32 by it, and each agitating vane 12 is center one circumference rotation with this turning axle 11 also.In addition, can also it be rotated continuously to a direction by CD-ROM drive motor etc.Because each agitating vane 12 is to have the roughly chevron shape of swash plate 12b at the turning direction front side, thus compare with flat agitating vane, to the stirring efficiency height of organic waste.And, because each ventilating pit 55 is arranged on the turning direction rear side, and is provided with flange piece 12d above each ventilating pit 55, stop up because of the eyelet that moisture, organic waste cause so can alleviate each ventilating pit 55.
When driving oil cylinder 31, open valve 22, drive air- supply gas blower 20u, 20d up and down, and drive vented drum blower fan 26.Thus, organic waste is being subjected to intermittent stirring simultaneously by airy all the time.More specifically, as shown in Figure 2, air is sent from air- supply gas blower 20u, 20d up and down, remove dust etc. through strainer 23 after, supplies to the upper end and the bottom of turning axle 20.At this moment, from the water ratio equal angles of outer temperature degree, bacterial classification or organic waste, heat by 21 pairs of air of well heater as required.In addition, can active well state for aerobic bacteria is become, also the aperture of adjustable valve 22 is regulated air flow.
The air of supplying with to turning axle 11, from hypomere and down each ventilating pit 55 of several second section agitating vanes 12 be blown in the container 10.This air in organic waste by and in container 10, flow upward, be deflated through vapor pipes 25 from venting port 51 with the foul smell that generates by organic waste, water vapour that gas blower 26 is mandatory to carry out exhaust.Wherein, blow out from agitating vane 12 around turning axle 11 rotations owing to supply with the air that comes from air-supply gas blower 20, so, can realize evenly ventilation in the entire scope in the container 10.
Organic waste is warming up to (fermentative processing operation) about 40～80 ℃ at the effect bottom fermentation of aerobic bacteria.Soaking condition continues during the effect bottom fermentation of aerobic bacteria.At this moment, because container 10 is a heat-insulated container, so can keep good soaking condition.And the temperature head between cut-out and outer gas also can suppress the generation of dew effectively.The optimum temps of aerobic bacteria sensitization is 60～70 ℃.Here, the water ratio of organic waste,, then can reach more than 70% if contain the chicken manure of urine or the swill that comes from conveyances such as making food factories usually more than 50% at least more than 30%.Then, utilize heat of fermentation to heat up, promote the moisture evaporation in the organic waste.Simultaneously, produce the oxidized foul smell such as fats oxidn bromine of unsaturated fatty acids such as the ammonia that the nitrogen in the animal manure decomposites, the linolic acid in the swill.Therefore, preferably the air flows in the container 10 are risen to and be higher than common air flow, so that drainage water steam, foul smell rapidly.Thus, the gas (especially water vapour) that produces from organic waste is discharged to rapidly outside the container 10.In addition, also can alleviate dewfall amount on container 10 inwalls.Though there is no particular limitation for the upper limit of air flow, be preferably organic waste and fiercely do not blown afloat, do not hinder the degree of making good use of the fermentation that aerobic microorganism carries out.On suitable opportunity, can confirm temperature, environment, the state of organic waste and degree of fermentation etc. in the device 10 by thermometer 15,16 or inspection hatch 17,18.
In addition, even if water retention in the bottom of container 10, because the agitating vane 12 of hypomere is positioned at the top apart from the diapire 10d position specified amount of container 10, so ventilating pit 55 can not stop up because of moisture cause eyelet yet, can be kept the good aeration state.And, because heat of fermentation is effectively used in the moisture evaporation, so can shorten time of drying, and avoid the significantly increase of cost of energy.And device is originally as simple structure.In addition, because the moisture rates in the container 10 can regulate by input amount, air flow to organic waste, so do not need moisture such as sawdust to regulate material.
When carrying out to a certain degree under the effect of fermentation at aerobic bacteria, the temperature in the container 10 begins slow decline.Therefore, when the temperature in container 10 begins to descend, and then move to the drying treatment operation.Because the drying treatment operation is mainly removed the moisture in the organic waste, so preferably improve air flow than fermentative processing operation.Finally preferably the water ratio in the organic waste is dried to less than 30%, more preferably the water ratio less than 20%.
After fermentative processing and drying treatment end, open conveying end 52, the organic waste after the taking-up composting.Specific volume significantly reduced organic waste after the composting with dropping into originally mutually.In addition, in order to carry out ensuing processing efficiently, preferably in container 10 residual a certain amount of composting organic waste as the compost kind.The composting organic waste can utilize in agricultural or gardening field etc. again.
Claims (15)
1. fermentation dried treatment unit is characterized in that having:
Airtight container, it has the baffle plate of input port, conveying end, switching input port and conveying end;
The turning axle of hollow tube-shape, it rotates to erect freely and is arranged in the container;
Many pieces of agitating vanes, extend to horizontal direction its many places up and down from turning axle;
The driving mechanism that turning axle is rotated;
In container, send into the wind pushing mechanism of air; With
Gas in the container is carried out the deflated venting port;
Among many pieces of agitating vanes, comprise inner hollow and be provided with the agitating vane that leads to outside ventilating pit from this hollow space,
Wind pushing mechanism is attached at the axial end portion of turning axle, and the hollow space of the hollow space of turning axle and agitating vane is interconnected, and the air that utilizes wind pushing mechanism to send into is discharged from the ventilating pit of agitating vane through turning axle,
Carry out in container, dropping into organic waste aeration-agitation and in container based on the fermentative processing and the drying treatment of the organic waste of the effect of aerobic bacteria.
2. fermentation dried treatment unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
On the set agitating vane of upper layer part in container ventilating pit is not set, and on the set agitating vane of the lower layer part in container ventilating pit is set.
3. fermentation dried treatment unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Venting port is arranged on the roof of container,
The agitating vane of at least hypomere is provided with ventilating pit.
4. fermentation dried treatment unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that,
Each agitating vane presents upward the section shape of protuberance, by the base plate of level, from a lateral margin of base plate obliquely upward and the swash plate that engages, and engage with another lateral margin of another lateral margin of base plate and swash plate and pars intermedia bends to the side-prominent twisted plate of another lateral margin of base plate and constitutes.
5. fermentation dried treatment unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that,
Ventilating pit is arranged on the ratio bend position on the lower side of twisted plate.
6. fermentation dried treatment unit according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Ventilating pit along the length direction of agitating vane arrange be provided with a plurality of,
To front end, the interval of adjacent ventilating pit narrows down gradually from the cardinal extremity of agitating vane.
7. fermentation dried treatment unit according to claim 6 is characterized in that,
Twisted plate is provided with the flange piece that extends below tiltedly from the top of bend.
8. according to any described fermentation dried treatment unit in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,
Container is the heat-insulated container that has the three-decker of thermofin between internal layer and skin.
9. according to any described fermentation dried treatment unit in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,
Linking on venting port has air-releasing mechanism,
Utilize air-releasing mechanism that the gas that produces in the container is mandatory from the venting port exhaust.
10. according to any described fermentation dried treatment unit in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,
Wind pushing mechanism is arranged on the top and the below both sides of container,
The wind pushing mechanism of below is attached at the bottom of turning axle,
The wind pushing mechanism of top is attached at the upper end of turning axle,
From wind pushing mechanism up and down turning axle is sent into air.
11. fermentation dried treatment unit according to claim 10 is characterized in that,
Between up and down a certain side or both sides' wind pushing mechanism and turning axle, be provided with the heating arrangements that the air of sending into is heated.
12. fermentation dried treatment unit according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
Between up and down a certain side or both sides' wind pushing mechanism and turning axle, be provided with valve.
13. according to any described fermentation dried treatment unit in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,
Be provided with the temperature testing organization that the gas temperature in the container is detected on the top of container.
14. according to any described fermentation dried treatment unit in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,
Be provided with the temperature testing organization that the temperature to organic waste detects at the perisporium of container.
15. according to any described fermentation dried treatment unit in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,
But the inspection hatch that is provided with the state in the Visual Confirmation container at the perisporium and/or the roof of container.
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