JPH11128891A - Waste fermentation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively dry and ferment organic waste in a waste fermentation device. SOLUTION: In the waste fermentation device which has a housing vessel 10 for housing waste, formed with its upper surface being closed by a top plate 10a and in which air form the outside is fed to the waste in the housing vessel 10 and also stream generated from the waste is discharged to the outside from the housing vessel 10, a partition plate 12 is installed in the upper part of the housing vessel 10 so that the inside of the housing vessel 10 is divided by it and an air chamber 13 is formed between the top plate 10a and it. The partition plate 12 is provided with a vent 14 for discharging steam generated from the waste in the housing vessel 10 into the air chamber 13, and the top plate 10a is provided with a vent 15 for discharging the steam discharged into the air chamber 13 in a position not opposite to the vent 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste fermentation apparatus for fermenting and composting organic waste such as livestock dung.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in this type of apparatus, organic waste is stored in a storage tank and fermented by aerobic composting fermentation microorganisms to compost. In this case, the upper surface of the storage tank is closed by a top plate for collecting odors and the like, but the fermentation is promoted by supplying air from outside to the organic waste in the storage tank. ing.
In addition, by discharging the water vapor generated during the fermentation from the exhaust hole to the outside of the storage tank, drying of the organic waste is promoted to allow air to flow inside the organic waste, and the fermentation is performed. Is trying to improve efficiency.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, the heat generated during the fermentation of the organic waste causes a temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the storage tank. Water vapor sometimes formed dew on the lower surface of the top plate of the storage tank. In this case, there is a problem in that drying of the organic waste in the storage tank is hindered by the fall of the dew, and the fermentation efficiency of the organic waste is reduced.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to address the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste fermentation apparatus for efficiently drying and fermenting organic waste.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention is as follows.
The structural features of the tank are that it has a storage tank that stores organic waste and covers the top surface with a top plate, supplies air from outside to the organic waste in the storage tank, In a waste fermentation device that discharges water vapor generated from waste to the outside from the storage tank, a partition that partitions the storage tank at the top of the storage tank and forms an air chamber with the top plate I have provided a board. According to this, since the temperature difference generated between the inside and the outside of the storage tank is reduced by the air chamber, the temperature difference generated between the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate is reduced, and The occurrence of dew condensation on the lower surface is suppressed. Therefore, the organic waste in the storage tank can be efficiently dried and fermented.

According to a second structural feature of the present invention, in the first structural feature, a first plate for discharging water vapor generated from organic waste in a storage tank into an air chamber in a partition plate. An exhaust hole is provided to discharge water vapor to the outside through an air chamber. According to this, the heat generated by the fermentation of the organic waste is discharged into the air chamber together with the water vapor, so that the temperature inside the air chamber rises and the temperature difference generated between the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate. Therefore, the occurrence of dew condensation on the lower surface of the partition plate is more efficiently suppressed. Therefore, the organic waste in the storage tank can be more efficiently dried and fermented.

A third structural feature of the present invention is that, in the second structural feature, a second exhaust hole for discharging the water vapor discharged into the air chamber to the outside is provided on the top plate. 1
It is provided at a position not facing the exhaust hole. In this case, the second exhaust hole may be provided at a position as far as possible from the first exhaust hole, for example, at a position symmetrical to the first exhaust hole with respect to the center of the top plate. According to this, the steam generated from the organic waste and led to the air chamber passes through the upper surface of the partition plate and is discharged to the outside, so the heat generated by the fermentation of the organic waste is generated. To reliably reduce the temperature difference generated between the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate, the occurrence of dew condensation on the lower surface of the partition plate is more reliably suppressed. Therefore, the organic waste in the storage tank can be more reliably dried and fermented.

[0008] A fourth structural feature of the present invention is the above-mentioned second or third structural feature, wherein one end is opened toward the lower end of the air chamber and the housing tank is opened. There is a drain pipe that extends to the outside. According to this, the dew condensation generated on the lower surface of the top plate due to the temperature difference generated between the air chamber and the outside is discharged to the outside of the storage tank via the drain pipe after dropping on the upper surface of the partition plate. .
Therefore, the usability of the waste fermentation apparatus is improved.

According to a fifth structural feature of the present invention, in the fourth structural feature, a drain pipe extends downward from one end opened toward the air chamber. The lower end is formed by bending upward, and the other end is opened. According to this, the dew water is always stored in the drain pipe at the water level at the opening end outside the storage tank of the drain pipe, so that it is possible to prevent air from entering the air chamber from outside through the drain pipe. Therefore, a large temperature difference between the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate is avoided,
Occurrence of dew condensation on the lower surface of the partition plate is more reliably suppressed, and the organic waste in the storage tank can be more reliably dried and fermented.

In a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the fourth and fifth aspects, the upper surface of the partition plate is lowered toward the opening position of the drain pipe. It has been tilted as follows. According to this, the dew condensation water dropped on the upper surface of the partition plate is more reliably discharged through the drain pipe, so that the usability of the waste fermentation apparatus is further improved.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entire waste fermentation apparatus according to the embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. The waste fermentation apparatus includes a storage tank 10 that stores organic waste M, a stirring mechanism 20 that stirs the waste M in the storage tank 10, a driving mechanism 30 that rotationally drives the stirring mechanism 20, and It has.

The storage tank 10 is provided on a hollow pedestal 11 and is formed in a cylindrical shape whose upper surface is closed by a top plate 10a, and includes a partition plate 12 for partitioning the storage tank 10 therein. ing. The partition plate 12 is formed in a conical shape and has a slope that becomes lower toward the outside, and defines an air chamber 13 by the ceiling of the storage tank 10 at a position above the waste M. At one peripheral end of the partition plate 12, an exhaust hole 14 that allows the passage of steam generated from the waste M to the air chamber 13 is provided.

The top plate 10a is provided with an exhaust hole 15 for communicating the air chamber 13 with the outside of the storage tank 10 at a position symmetrical to the exhaust hole 14 with respect to the center position. Exhaust hole 15
Is connected to an exhaust blower 16 that sucks air in the air chamber 13 via a conduit 16a. Exhaust blower 16
Is installed on a frame 91 erected on the top plate 10a.

The top plate 10a is also provided with an input port 17 for inputting the waste M. A hopper 17a that guides the waste M to the inlet 17 is attached above the inlet 17. A lid 17b that slides along the top plate 10a to open and close the inlet 17 is attached to the lower side of the inlet 17. The partition plate 12 located below the inlet 17 is provided with a hole 17c that allows the passage of the waste M input from the inlet 17. The input port 17
The falling path of the waste M between the
And is isolated. Further, the waste M is transported by the elevator mechanism 40 to the inlet 17. The upper end of the elevator mechanism 40, together with the upper end of the frame 91, supports a roof 41 for weather and rain.

The storage tank 10 has a drain pipe 18. The drain pipe 18 has one end opened toward the lower end of the air chamber 13, that is, one outer peripheral end of the upper surface of the partition plate 12, and extends downward. The other end is open to the outside.

The stirring mechanism 20 has a cylindrical rotating shaft 21 extending vertically at the center of the storage tank 10. The rotating shaft 21 is rotatably mounted around the shaft on the storage tank 10 and the pedestal 11, and is rotationally driven by the driving mechanism 30.

A plurality of (in the present embodiment, nine) rotating blades 22 are fixed to the rotating shaft 21 at equal intervals in the vertical direction at their inner ends. Each rotor 22 is
At predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction in order from the top (in this embodiment,
120 degrees), and each is extended in the radial direction, and each is extended in a direction different from that of the upper stage and the lower stage. However, in the lowermost stage, a plurality (three in this embodiment) of rotating blades 22
Are at the same height and at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction (in this embodiment,
120 degrees).

As shown in detail in FIG. 3, each of the rotary blades 22 has a blade 22a having an acute angle at its tip on the rotation direction side (hereinafter referred to as the front side) in the storage tank 10, and has a rear end. On the side, a pipe 22b having a hollow and pentagonal cross section is provided. At the rear end of the pipe 22b, there is provided an inclined portion 22b1 facing forward and downward.
At b1, a plurality of air supply holes 22b2 for supplying air from the pipe 22b to the waste M in the storage tank 10 are provided at regular intervals in the extending direction of the rotary blade 22. The number of the air supply holes 22b2 increases as the lower rotor 22 rotates. The storage tank 10 is provided at the rear end of the pipe 22b.
An eave 22b3 for preventing the waste M in the inside from entering the air supply hole 22b2 is also attached.

An air supply pipe 23 is provided in the rotary shaft 21. The air supply pipe 23 communicates with the pipe 22 b of each rotor 22, penetrates through the top plate 10 a of the storage tank 10, and is connected to the air supply blower 24 installed on the frame 91 via the conduit 24 a. ing. The air supply blower 24 sends out air to each pipe 22 b via the air supply pipe 23.

The driving mechanism 30 includes a gear 31 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 21 of the stirring mechanism 20 in the pedestal 11. Also, on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 21 in the pedestal 11,
At the upper and lower positions of the gear 31, one end of each of the pair of arms 32, 32 is mounted to be rotatable around the coaxial 21 with respect to the coaxial 21 respectively. The two arms 32, 32 extend in the same radial direction, and have a distal end of a piston rod 33a of a hydraulic cylinder 33 mounted between both other ends so as to be rotatable in a horizontal direction. In this case, the hydraulic cylinder 3
Reference numeral 3 denotes a piston rod 33a with respect to the cylinder 33b in accordance with hydraulic control by a hydraulic unit 50 (shown only in FIG. 2).
Is axially displaced, and is attached to the pedestal 11 at an end on the cylinder 33b side so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis. Therefore, when the piston rod 33a is displaced with respect to the cylinder 33b of the hydraulic cylinder 33 according to the hydraulic control by the hydraulic unit 50, the arms 32, 32 rotate around the rotary shaft 21.

A drive claw 34 is mounted between the arms 32, 32 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis with respect to the arms 32, 32. The driving claw 34 is related to its shape,
The arms 32, 32 move clockwise in FIG.
When the gears 31 rotate in the clockwise direction), the teeth of the gears 31 are pressed in the same direction to rotate the gears 31 in the same direction, and when the arms 32, 32 rotate in the counterclockwise direction, the gears The gear 31 slides on the outer peripheral end surface without rotating the same. The driving claw 34 is constantly biased clockwise with respect to the arms 32, 32 by a spring 34a. When the arms 32, 32 rotate counterclockwise, they slide on the outer peripheral end surface of the gear 31. Later, it engages with the next tooth of the gear 31.

The driving mechanism 30 also has a reverse rotation preventing claw 35. The reverse rotation preventing claw 35 is mounted on the pedestal 11 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and allows the gear 31 to rotate in the clockwise direction, and also allows the gear 31 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction. Prohibit movement. The reverse rotation preventing claw 35 is always urged clockwise by a spring 35a,
When the gear 31 rotates clockwise, it slides on the outer peripheral end surface of the gear 31 and then engages with the next tooth of the gear 31.

The hydraulic unit 50 includes a discharge mechanism 6.
0 (shown only in FIG. 2) is also connected. Discharge mechanism 60
The outlet 61 for discharging waste M in the storage tank 10 provided at the bottom of the storage tank 10 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 6.
The cover 63 is opened and closed by sliding the lid 63 along the bottom of the storage tank 10 with the use of the cover 2.

Next, the operation of the waste fermentation apparatus configured as described above will be described. First, the elevator mechanism 40
The waste M is charged into the storage tank 10 from the charging port 17 by using. The input of the waste M may be executed at any time during the operation of the waste fermentation apparatus described below. After the power is turned on, when a power switch (not shown) is turned on, each of the blowers 16, 24 and the hydraulic unit 50 start operating.

After the power switch is turned on, the hydraulic unit 50 causes the piston rod 33a of the hydraulic cylinder 33 to reciprocate repeatedly in the axial direction. Thereby, the arm 3
2, 32 continue to swing repeatedly around the axis of the rotating shaft 21,
Each time the arms 32 swing clockwise, the gear 31 is driven to rotate by the driving pawls 34, and the rotating shaft 21 rotates. At this time, each rotor 22 advances inside the waste M in the storage tank 10 to stir the waste M, and the waste M
The fermentation efficiency of the waste M is improved by allowing air to flow through the inside of the wastewater.

After the power supply switch is turned on, the air supply blower 24 turns on each pipe 22 through the conduit 24a and the air supply pipe 23.
Continue to send air to. The air sent to each pipe 22 is supplied into the waste M in the storage tank 10 through the air supply hole 22b1, and promotes fermentation of the waste M.

After the power switch is turned on, the exhaust blower 16 continues to suck the water vapor generated from the waste M in the storage tank 10 via the conduit 16a, the exhaust hole 15, the air chamber 13, and the exhaust hole 14. Thereby, the drying of the waste M is promoted, and the air flows into the waste M, whereby the fermentation efficiency of the waste M is improved.

During the above operations, if a temperature difference occurs between the inside and the outside of the storage tank 10 due to heat generated by the fermentation of the waste M in the storage tank 10, dew condensation occurs on the lower surface of the top plate 10a. In this case, the dew drops on the upper surface of the partition plate 12, flows outward on the same surface, and is discharged to the outside via the drain pipe 18. In this case, the condensed water remains in the drain pipe 18 at the water level at the open end of the drain pipe 18 outside the storage tank 10.

During each of the above operations, the waste M fermented and composted is appropriately discharged by the discharge mechanism 60 and used.

In the above embodiment, the air chamber 13 is provided between the top plate 10a and the partition plate 12 in the upper portion of the storage tank 10.
Is formed, and the temperature difference generated between the inside and the outside of the storage tank 10 is reduced by the air chamber 13, so that the temperature difference generated between the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate 12 is reduced. The occurrence of dew condensation on the lower surface of the partition plate 12 is suppressed. Therefore, the waste M in the storage tank 10 can be efficiently dried and fermented.

Further, the partition plate 12 is provided with an exhaust hole 14 for discharging steam generated from the waste M in the storage tank 10 into the air chamber 13 so that the steam is discharged to the outside through the air chamber 13. The heat generated during the fermentation of the waste M is discharged into the air chamber 13 together with the steam, and the temperature in the air chamber 13 rises and the temperature generated between the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate 12 The difference is smaller and the partition plate 12
The occurrence of dew condensation on the lower surface of the device is more efficiently suppressed.
Therefore, the waste M in the storage tank 10 can be more efficiently dried and fermented.

The exhaust holes 15 for discharging the water vapor discharged into the air chamber 13 to the outside are provided at positions symmetrical to the exhaust holes 14 with respect to the center position of the top plate 10a. The water vapor generated and guided to the air chamber 12 passes through the upper surface of the partition plate 12 and is discharged to the outside, so that the heat generated due to the fermentation of the waste M is reliably generated between the upper and lower sides of the partition plate 12. Is reduced, and the occurrence of dew condensation on the lower surface of the partition plate 12 is more reliably suppressed. Therefore, the waste M in the storage tank 10 can be more reliably dried and fermented.

Further, since a drain pipe 18 having one end opened toward the lower end of the air chamber 13 and extending to the outside of the storage tank 10 is provided, the temperature generated between the air chamber 13 and the outside is provided. The dew condensation generated on the lower surface of the top plate 10 a due to the difference falls on the upper surface of the partition plate 12 and is discharged to the outside of the storage tank 10 via the drain pipe 18. Therefore, the usability of the waste fermentation apparatus is improved.

Further, since the drain pipe 18 extends downward from one end opened toward the air chamber 13 and is formed by bending the lower end upward, and the other end is opened.
Condensed water is always contained in the drain pipe 18 in the storage tank 1 of the drain pipe 18.
0 Stored at the water level at the open end outside. This prevents the air from entering the air chamber 13 from the outside via the drain pipe 18, thereby preventing a large temperature difference between the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate 12. Thus, the occurrence of dew condensation on the lower surface of the partition plate 12 is more reliably suppressed, and the organic waste in the storage tank 10 can be more reliably dried and fermented.

Further, since the upper surface of the partition plate 12 is inclined so as to become lower toward the opening position of the drain pipe 18,
Condensed water that has fallen on the upper surface of the partition plate 12 is more reliably discharged through the drain pipe 18, and the usability of the waste fermentation apparatus is further improved.

In the above embodiment, the partition plate 12 is provided with an exhaust hole 14 for discharging the steam generated from the waste M in the storage tank 10 into the air chamber 13, and the steam is passed through the air chamber 13. However, a discharge hole for directly discharging the steam generated from the waste M to the outside is provided at a position above the waste M on the side wall of the storage tank 10 without providing the exhaust hole 14. It may be provided.

In the above embodiment, the air chamber 1
An exhaust hole 15 for discharging the water vapor discharged into the outside 3 is provided symmetrically to the exhaust hole 14 with respect to the center position of the top plate 10a. Otherwise, it may be provided at another position on the top plate 10a. However, it is possible to expect a higher effect of the present invention if it is provided as far as possible from the exhaust port 14.

In the above embodiment, the drain pipe 1
Although the dew condensation formed on the lower surface of the top plate 10a can be discharged to the outside by the use of the drain 8, it is not necessary to provide the drain pipe 18 if the discharge is not required.

Further, in the above embodiment, the upper surface of the partition plate 12 is inclined so as to be lower toward the opening position of the drain pipe 18 so that the dew condensation water dropped on the upper surface of the partition plate 12 surely forms the drain pipe 18. Although the air is discharged through the above-mentioned structure, the effect of the present invention can be expected without using the same inclination.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a waste fermentation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the rotor of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference numeral 10: storage tank, 10a: top plate, 12: partition plate, 13 ...
Air chamber, 14, 15 ... exhaust hole, 16 ... exhaust blower, 18
... drain pipe, 20 ... stirring mechanism, 22b ... pipe, 22b2
... air supply holes, 23 ... intake pipes, 24 ... air supply blowers, 30 ... drive mechanisms, 40 ... elevator mechanisms, 50 ... hydraulic units,
60: discharge mechanism, M: waste.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A storage tank containing organic waste and having an upper surface closed by a top plate, supplying air from the outside to the organic waste in the storage tank and supplying the organic waste. In the waste fermentation apparatus configured to discharge water vapor generated from the storage tank to the outside, a partition that partitions the storage tank at an upper portion of the storage tank and forms an air chamber with the top plate A waste fermentation apparatus comprising a plate. 2. The waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the partition plate is provided with a first exhaust hole for discharging steam generated from organic waste in the storage tank into the air chamber, A waste fermentation apparatus wherein the steam is discharged to the outside via an air chamber. 3. The waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a second exhaust hole for discharging water vapor discharged into the air chamber to the outside is opposed to the first exhaust hole of the top plate. A waste fermentation apparatus, which is provided at a position where no waste is produced. 4. The waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein one end of the waste fermentation apparatus is opened toward a lower end of the air chamber, and the waste water is extended to the outside of the storage tank. A waste fermentation apparatus comprising a tube. 5. The waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the drain pipe extends downward from one end opened toward the air chamber and has a lower end bent upward. And a waste fermentation apparatus characterized in that the other end is opened. 6. The waste fermentation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein an upper surface of the partition plate is inclined so as to become lower toward an opening position of the drain pipe. Waste fermentation apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.