CN106061634A - Waste treatment device and waste treatment method - Google Patents

Waste treatment device and waste treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106061634A
CN106061634A CN201580010094.3A CN201580010094A CN106061634A CN 106061634 A CN106061634 A CN 106061634A CN 201580010094 A CN201580010094 A CN 201580010094A CN 106061634 A CN106061634 A CN 106061634A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
container
agitator
waste treatment
treatment apparatus
air
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Granted
Application number
CN201580010094.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106061634B (en
Inventor
鸟丸喜之
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Chubu Ecotec Co Ltd
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Chubu Ecotec Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2014036147A external-priority patent/JP6284785B2/en
Application filed by Chubu Ecotec Co Ltd filed Critical Chubu Ecotec Co Ltd
Publication of CN106061634A publication Critical patent/CN106061634A/en
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Publication of CN106061634B publication Critical patent/CN106061634B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • B29C31/06—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting
    • B29C31/061—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting using stationary volumetric measuring chambers
    • B29C31/063—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting using stationary volumetric measuring chambers of the piston type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23121—Diffusers having injection means, e.g. nozzles with circumferential outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231265—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being tubes, tubular elements, cylindrical elements or set of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2122—Hollow shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 
    • B01F27/906—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms  with fixed axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/92—Heating or cooling systems for heating the outside of the receptacle, e.g. heated jackets or burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/95—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially vertically between inlet and discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/99—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0422—Numerical values of angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/045—Numerical flow-rate values
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/0468—Numerical pressure values
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a waste treatment device that is inexpensive, has excellent outer appearance, has minimal impact on the outside environment, and is capable of performing stable treatment. This waste treatment device (1) comprises: a circular-cylindrical upright container (2) having a stirring blade, etc., provided therein; and a quadrangular-tubular device outer wall (9) that substantially circumscribes the circular-cylindrical outer periphery of said container (2). The device outer wall (9) is constituted by combining outer heat-insulating panels (9a to 9d) that are provided so as to cover the circular-cylindrical outer periphery of the container (2) with a space therebetween. Heat-exchanging means that heats, by utilizing the heat of an exhaust gas, outside air introduced into the container (2) is provided in the four redundant spaces (A to D) at the corners of the quadrangular tube.

Description

Waste treatment apparatus and refuse processing method
Technical field
The present invention relates at the garbage for the organic waste such as cattle waste and food debris is processed Reason device (the fermentation dried device of hermetic type) and the refuse processing method of this device of use.
Background technology
In recent years, the cattle waste that body is discharged and the food discharged from food industries operating agency etc. are managed from animal husbandry The kind of the organic wastes such as residue and output, increase, and it is treated as bigger social topics.To these garbages In the case of carrying out burning disposal, there is the problem that cost is high, produce dioxin.It addition, in the case of carrying out landfill disposal, There is guaranteeing and the problem of infringement that stench brings of discharge place.In addition, in recent years, due to regulations such as food recycling process Complete, it is desirable to promote organic waste recycling.In view of these aspects, implementing organic waste compost The scheme changed, recycle as circulating resources.In the case of carrying out composted, due to organic wastes such as food debris Water content is many, if so insufficient being dried or ferment, there is also the problem that volume and weight is big and corrupt.
Composted facility is substantially classified as " opening " and " hermetic type ", and style of opening is that garbage is deposited in place In, carry out composted with switching over, hermetic type be garbage is put into container in and carry out composted wherein.Hermetic type has There is save space, the stench of surrounding is endangered the advantages such as few.As hermetic type, employing in recent years utilizes the Fermentation of microorganism The fermentation dried device of hermetic type (also referred to as " assembly "), carries out being dried and composted of organic waste.This assembly is vertical To columnar tank shape, it it is the compost makeup of the airtight longitudinal type structure making the garbage of input be difficult to contact with extraneous air Put.
Such as, as the fermentation processing unit of food debris, it is proposed that following device: there is bubble-tight longitudinal type container In be mixed into food debris and aerobic microorganism, to carrying out air agitation in said vesse while utilizing aerobic microorganism Effect make food debris fermentation (with reference to patent documentation 1).In this fermentation processing unit, round being erected in longitudinal type container Rotary shaft, the agitator of upper and lower multistage is with radiated entends, and wears multiple passage in the bottom of the agitator of lowermost, Ventilate in container from this passage.Here, above-mentioned longitudinal type container is three between internal layer and outer layer with heat insulation layer The thermally insulated container of layer structure.It addition, aerofluxus pressure fan and the attendant equipments such as pressure fan of supplying gas are arranged at outside device.It addition, make For the shape of agitator, exemplified with featheriness and bar-shaped, especially describe and there is from the viewpoint of stirring efficiency feather The screw type of the agitator of shape.
Citation
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-69477 publication
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention is to be solved
But, as patent documentation 1, waste treatment apparatus (assembly) uses owing to being arranged at outside room, so easily Being affected by external environments such as weathers, be cannot be carried out the hidden of stable process even if there is also in the case of using thermally insulated container Suffer from.It addition, assembly is owing to being the internal structure utilizing agitator, so its face shaping is simple longitudinally columnar tank shape Shape, particular without carrying out the consideration for appearance design.
It addition, in the user such as animal husbandry peasant household, the process of the organic wastes such as family's animal manure is the place of refuse (dirt) Reason, in waste treatment apparatus, it is desirable to cut down operation cost when initial cost when it imports and operating as far as possible.As The attendant equipment of this device, has hydraulic pressure unit, pressure fan, aerofluxus pressure fan, odor removal etc., by these equipment and longitudinal type container Separately and assemble very labor intensive in setting place, add duration and expenses of labour (initial cost).Additionally, the shakiness in adiabatic face Fixedization is also required to other air-supply and heats with the lasting operating of heater, adds operation cost.
The rabbling mechanism comprising agitator as described in Patent Document 1 in waste treatment apparatus is necessary.But, root According to shape and the difference of method of operation of agitator, have that the load that agitator and rotary shaft etc. bear is excessive, in these parts A part damage hidden danger.It addition, there is also can not obtain sufficient whipping performance, occur bad etc. the hidden danger of fermentation, with And be dried and the hidden danger of time length required for composted.In the device of patent documentation 1, about each agitator (every section) Shape, do not inquire into by its difference cause to treating capacity (amount that can process within the identical time) and the shadow of stench generation amount Ring.
In composting, by organic decomposition, produce ammonia, propanoic acid, positive acetic acid, isovaleric acid, positive valeric acid etc. low Level fatty acid etc. causes the material of the reason of stench.Such as, in the case of rate of drying is slow, the easily above-mentioned malodorant of generation is waited Matter.If inhibiting the generation of ammonia etc., it becomes possible to manufacture the product (compost) that effect of fertilizer is high.In patent documentation 1, describe The scheme of rate of drying is accelerated by improving air output, but according to itself and air output scope, the relation of agitator shape Difference, exist and do not simply fail to obtain sufficient effect and cause fermenting owing to the temperature of processed material declines bad hidden Suffer from.
The temperature because of fermentation can be made in view of making air output in the assembly of hermetic type to increase than common setting value increase Garbage cooling, so typically not doing that.It practice, Fig. 8 (b) as be described hereinafter is shown, at the assembly using conventional structure And in the case of merely making air output improve than common setting value, there is the tendency gradually decreased in treating capacity.
It addition, hermetic type is compared with style of opening as assembly, there is the shortcoming that operation cost is high.In animal husbandry peasant household etc. In user, the process of the organic wastes such as family's animal manure is the process of refuse (dirt), it is desirable to cut down cost as much as possible.Entering In the case of the structural improvement that row is complicated, cost improves inevitable.Therefore, present situation is, the ability of assembly all the year round maintains quilt First priorization, the technological development improved for performance the most significantly improves.Therefore, it is intended that develop a kind of with fairly simple Means realize high process performance, can reduce the generation of odorant, can manufacture the high product of effect of fertilizer (compost) Device.
The present invention makes to tackle such problem.First, it is therefore intended that low cost and good appearance, outer shroud are provided The impact in border is little, can carry out the waste treatment apparatus of stable process.In addition, it is therefore intended that as required, use is compared Simple means, it is provided that there is high disposal ability and the waste treatment apparatus of generation amount of odorant and useless can be reduced Gurry processing method.
For solving the means of problem
The waste treatment apparatus of the present invention possesses: the columnar container of bubble-tight longitudinal direction, in described container with vertical To arrange rotary shaft, around described rotary shaft fixing multi-disc agitator, in described container carry extraneous air Supply gas mechanism and exhaust gear that the internal gas in will build up described container is discharged to external container, utilize Described mechanism of supplying gas imports extraneous air in container, utilizes described exhaust gear to be exhausted internal gas, and With described agitator, the organic waste put in described container from described upper vessel portion is stirred while making it ferment Be dried and composted, and take out from described lower vessel portion, it is characterised in that this waste treatment apparatus has external insulation Plate, described external insulation plate is arranged at least some of across the cylinder periphery covering described container spatially.Additionally feature Being, the device outer wall being made up of said external heat-insulating shield is the square tube shape the most external with the cylinder periphery of said vesse.
According to above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus, it is characterised in that described waste treatment apparatus has heat exchange mechanisms, institute Stating heat exchange mechanisms utilizes the heat of the waste gas from described exhaust gear to import the outside in container to from described mechanism of supplying gas Air is heated, and the described space between the cylinder periphery of described container and described external insulation plate arranges described heat exchanger Structure.
Additionally, it is characterised in that the device outer wall being made up of described external insulation plate is the cylinder periphery with described container The most external square tube shape, described heat exchange mechanisms is consisted of portion and air-supply pipe arrangement aerofluxus, and described aerofluxus is arranged on by portion In the space in the corner of the described square tube shape being formed between described device outer wall and the cylinder periphery of described container, for from described Container discharge waste gas pass through, described air-supply pipe arrangement in described aerofluxus is by portion by and arrange, for importing described container it Front extraneous air passes through.
Additionally, it is characterised in that described in supply gas mechanism and described exhaust gear is contained in inside described device.
Additionally, it is characterised in that in described container, described agitator from the bottom of described rotary shaft to top with The position of leave more than at least 3 sections of predetermined distance, each section at least provided with 1 with Shangdi, from described rotary shaft towards described Ground, container inner wall side is the most extended, and described agitator has inclined plane, the stirring of uppermost on front side of its direction of rotation The described inclined plane of the wing is 60 degree～85 degree relative to the angle of inclination of the surfaces of revolution of described agitator, the agitator of lowermost Described inclined plane is 15 degree～25 degree relative to the angle of inclination of the surfaces of revolution of described agitator, beyond uppermost and lowermost The described inclined plane of agitator is 35 degree～45 degree relative to the angle of inclination of the surfaces of revolution of described agitator, stirring in lowermost Mixing and have passage on the wing, described passage and described mechanism connection of supplying gas, for by the outside from described mechanism's conveying of supplying gas Air imports in container.
It addition, in the structure defining agitator shape, it is characterised in that the internal volume of described container is 15m3With On, described in supply gas the air output (m per minute that mechanism imports in described container when processing from described passage3) it is described appearance Internal volume (the m of device3) more than 1/4.Additionally, it is characterised in that described in supply gas mechanism process time import from described passage The static pressure of the air-supply in described container is more than 15kPa.Additionally, it is characterised in that described waste treatment apparatus has and changes Heat engine structure, described heat exchange mechanisms utilizes the heat of the waste gas from described exhaust gear to import container to from described mechanism of supplying gas Interior extraneous air is heated.
The refuse processing method of the present invention is characterised by, uses and has and define above-mentioned agitator shape and air output The waste treatment apparatus of the present invention of structure carry out composted.
The effect of invention
The waste treatment apparatus of the present invention possesses: the columnar container of bubble-tight longitudinal direction, in described container with vertical To arrange rotary shaft, around described rotary shaft fixing multi-disc agitator, in described container carry extraneous air Supply gas mechanism and exhaust gear that the internal gas in will build up described container is discharged to external container, utilize Mechanism of supplying gas imports extraneous air in container, utilizes exhaust gear to be exhausted inner air, and uses agitator The organic waste put in container from described upper vessel portion is stirred while making it ferment and being dried and composted, and Taking out from described lower vessel portion, it is characterised in that this waste treatment apparatus has external insulation plate, described external insulation plate sets It is set at least some of across the cylinder periphery covering described container spatially.Therefore, utilize the air layer in above-mentioned space, tool Having high insulation effect, in this device being arranged at outside room, the impact of external environment is little, it is possible to carry out stable process.It addition, Utilize the combination of external insulation plate, it is possible to be configured to the shape beyond simple longitudinal cylindrical shape, good appearance.
Above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus has heat exchange mechanisms, and described heat exchange mechanisms utilizes the waste gas from described exhaust gear Heat the extraneous air imported in container from described mechanism of supplying gas is heated, in cylinder periphery and the institute of described container State the space between external insulation plate and described heat exchange mechanisms is set, therefore, utilize remaining space, and process can be effectively utilized The fermentation fever of thing, it is not necessary to air-supply additionally is heated with heater, it is possible to cut down operation cost.
The device outer wall being made up of said external heat-insulating shield is the square tube shape the most external with the cylinder periphery of container, heat exchange Mechanism is consisted of portion and air-supply pipe arrangement aerofluxus, and described aerofluxus is arranged at outside the cylinder of this device outer wall and container by portion In the space in the corner of the square tube shape formed between week, and the waste gas Gong being discharged from the container passes through, and described air-supply pipe arrangement is described Aerofluxus by portion by and arrange, pass through for importing the extraneous air before described container.Therefore, make remaining space few, real The densification that existing device is overall, and effectively utilize this remaining space, operation cost can be cut down as described above.
Above-mentioned mechanism and the above-mentioned exhaust gear of supplying gas is owing to being housed in inside said apparatus, therefore, it is possible to it is overall to realize device Densification.It addition, separate with by these parts and setting place assemble situation compared with, it is possible to cut down implement time duration With expenses of labour (initial cost).
In described container, described agitator leave at predetermined intervals to top from the bottom of described rotary shaft to The position of few more than 3 sections, each section at least provided with 1 with Shangdi, from described rotary shaft towards described container inner wall side along directly Line is extended, and respective angle of inclination is above-mentioned prescribed limit.Additionally, in the structure defining agitator shape like this In, the internal volume of said vesse and air output are above-mentioned prescribed limit.Therefore, make air-supply arrive processed material overall (trickle portion), Become super aerobic, it is possible to expand thermal zone region, it is possible to realize the reduction of high disposal ability and odorant.
Specifically, utilize the agitator with high angle of inclination of uppermost, processed material (garbage) is flattened, energy Enough contacts area increased with extraneous air, utilize the agitator of section beyond uppermost and lowermost, it is possible to will be in uppermost The processed material that temperature rises because of fermentation fever is stirred energetically.It addition, utilize the low angle of inclination of having of lowermost Agitator, it is possible to make the load born little, it is possible to make air-supply arrive processed material equably overall.Owing to making air-supply in this condition Quantitative change is many, is dried and composting it is possible to shorten further, it is possible to significantly decrease the stench such as lower fatty acid and ammonia The generation amount of material.
In the structure defining agitator shape, above-mentioned mechanism of supplying gas imports sending in container when processing from passage The static pressure of wind is more than 15kPa, therefore also makes air-supply the most through in the case of the moisture content height of processed material, it is possible to realize High disposal ability and the reduction of odorant.It addition, above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus has utilization from above-mentioned exhaust gear The heat of waste gas import, to from mechanism of supplying gas, the heat exchange mechanisms that the extraneous air in container is heated, it is possible to effectively The fermentation fever of land productivity processed material, it is not necessary to other heater, it is possible to cut operating costs.
The refuse processing method of the present invention is owing to using the basis of the structure defining above-mentioned agitator shape and air output The waste treatment apparatus of invention, therefore compared with conventional device, it is possible to shortens being dried and composted of organic waste The process time, the amount that can process in a day also becomes many, and can reduce the generation amount of odorant, it is possible to manufacture fertilizer effect The highest product (compost).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is axonometric chart and the top view of the outward appearance of the waste treatment apparatus representing the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section of the waste treatment apparatus of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that exhaust pathway and the figure in air-supply path are described.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the agitator in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of the agitator of the lowermost in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal section of other example of the waste treatment apparatus representing the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the flowing representing the extraneous air (air-supply) imported in container.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the air output representing the difference according to agitator shape and the relation for the treatment of capacity.
Fig. 9 is the figure representing air output with the relation of lower aliphatic acid concentration.
Figure 10 is the figure of the difference representing agitator shape and the relation of lower aliphatic acid concentration.
Figure 11 is the figure representing blast pressure with the relation of lower aliphatic acid concentration.
Detailed description of the invention
According to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, an example of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is described.Fig. 1 (a) is to represent offal treatment The axonometric chart of the outward appearance of device, Fig. 1 (b) is its top view.As shown in Fig. 1 (a) and (b), waste treatment apparatus 1 is hermetic type Fermentation dried device (assembly), its have the columnar container of the longitudinal direction being internally provided with agitator 2 and with this container 2 The device outer wall 9 of the most external square tube shape in cylinder periphery.Container 2 as fermentation tank itself is to have metal outer layer With the thermally insulated container of heat insulation layer, and it is airtight container, is difficult to connect with the extraneous air beyond the gas that passage imports Touch.Device outer wall 9 is made up of external insulation plate 9a～9d combination, and this external insulation plate 9a～9d is across covering container spatially The cylinder periphery of 2 and arrange.It is provided integrally with Machine Room 5 in the lower section of the container 2 covered by device outer wall 9.Device is overall Face shaping be substantially quadrangular shape.The air layer utilizing the space between container 2 and external insulation plate 9a～9d realizes Thermal insulation, by the dual heat radiating construction with (adiabatic) container 2, for this device being arranged at outside room, the impact of external environment Little, it is possible to carry out stable process.
External insulation plate 9a～9d can also be by being constituted by the plate of the more subsection decomposed the most further.The present invention Waste treatment apparatus due to be the internal volume of container 2 be 15m3The large-scale device of above business, thus outside exhausted Hot plate is also the biggest size (long side direction is more than 3m).By being made up of the plate of more subsection such that it is able to few Number is constructed.It addition, about the link between plate, if using bolt fastening, then there is hole due to fabrication error and be unworthy of The probability of conjunction etc..It is therefore preferable that do not utilize bolt etc., and it is utilized between adjacent plate arranging chimeric concaveconvex shape right It implements chimeric mode.By using the chimeric of concaveconvex shape such that it is able to prevent deviation when implementing, it is also possible to suppression is absolutely The decline of hot property.
According to Fig. 2, the internal structure of the waste treatment apparatus of explanatory diagram 1.Fig. 2 is the waste treatment apparatus of Fig. 1 Longitudinal section.As in figure 2 it is shown, this waste treatment apparatus 1 possesses such as lower part: longitudinally columnar container 2；In container 2 With longitudinally disposed rotary shaft 3；The multi-disc agitator 4 fixing around rotary shaft 3；As the air feeder supplied gas in container 2 Supply gas pressure fan 6 and the aerofluxus pressure fan 7 as the exhaust gear to the outer aerofluxus of container 2 of structure.Agitator in lowermost Bottom there is passage 4d, by the extraneous air sent here from pressure fan 6 of supplying gas via the air-supply pipe arrangement (with reference to Fig. 3) in device With the importing pipe arrangement 10 being arranged in rotary shaft, and this passage is utilized to import in container.On the top of container 2, there is Organic The air vent 2c of the input port 2a of garbage and gas etc., has the taking-up of compost (organic waste after process) in bottom Mouth 2b.Input port 2a and conveying end 2b is provided with the bubble-tight lid to be opened/closed etc. for guaranteeing container.It addition, at machinery In room 5, it is provided with the hydraulic pressure unit 8 of the drive mechanism as rotary shaft 3, above-mentioned supply gas pressure fan 6 and aerofluxus pressure fan 7. Rotary shaft 3 is through in Machine Room 5, utilizes hydraulic pressure unit 8 to rotate with regulation rotating speed.Hydraulic pressure unit 8, pressure fan of supplying gas 6 and row It is internal and integrated that pneumatic transmission blower fan 7 is contained in device, therefore, it is possible to cut down duration when implementing and expenses of labour (initial cost).
In the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, (the most also it is only called " discarded as pending organic waste Thing " or " processed material "), enumerate comprise in a large number the cattle waste of organic composition, castoff, purification tank mud or it Mixture.Specifically, as cattle waste, enumerate chicken manure, pig manure, cattle manure, horsehit etc., as castoff, Enumerate rubbish from cooking, food manufacturing by-product etc., as purification tank mud, enumerate from home-use purification tank, food workshop surplus Remaining mud purification tank etc. except under mud.It addition, in container, the composted of garbage is at the bar with the presence of aerobic zymocyte Under part, ventilated by air-supply and carry out aerobic fermentation.As aerobic zymocyte, preferably under about 30～90 DEG C The zymocyte of activation, such as, enumerate Geobacillus or bacillus etc..
In the apparatus, put into processed material to the inside of container 2 from input port 2a, make this processed material carry out sending out in container Take out from the conveying end 2b of lower vessel portion after ferment and composted.By while from the passage 4d of the agitator of lowermost imports Portion's air, while making each agitator 4 with low speed rotation, carries out air agitation to processed material so that it is aerobic ferments, thus carries out Fermentation and composted.It addition, by air-supply, be also carried out being dried simultaneously.Import from the passage 4d of the agitator of lowermost and hold Extraneous air in device is while by flowing upward on one side in processed material, being total to the gas produced by processed material and steam Sent to aerofluxus pipe arrangement (with reference to Fig. 3) from air vent 2c with ground.
As shown in Fig. 1 (b), under this form, owing to device outer wall 9 is the side the most external with the cylinder periphery of container 2 Tubular, therefore has remaining space, and this remaining space has the place formed between the cylinder periphery of device outer wall 9 and container 2 Size in four space (A～D) left and right in the corner of square tube shape.In order to effectively utilize this remaining space, preferably in this part Arranging heat exchange mechanisms, described heat exchange mechanisms utilizes the heat of the waste gas sent here by aerofluxus pressure fan 7, to by pressure fan 6 of supplying gas The extraneous air imported in container is heated.
According to Fig. 1 (b) and Fig. 3 (a)～(d), illustrate to utilize aerofluxus pressure fan from the exhaust pathway of vent, Utilize the air-supply path of pressure fan and above-mentioned heat exchange mechanisms.Fig. 3 is from front (Fig. 3 (a)), right flank (Fig. 3 (b)), the back side (Fig. 3 (c)), left surface (Fig. 3 (d)) observe air-supply and the schematic diagram of exhaust pathway of the device of Fig. 1.In the drawings, solid arrow Representing the flowing of the air-supply (importing the extraneous air before container) imported in container, dash-double-dot arrow represents to be arranged in container The flowing of the waste gas gone out.Pressure fan of supplying gas 6 is arranged in the way in air-supply pipe arrangement path, and aerofluxus pressure fan 7 is arranged at and comprises aerofluxus By in the way in the aerofluxus pipe arrangement path in portion.By the operating of pressure fan 6 of supplying gas, extraneous air is from extraneous air taking mouth 11 quilt Importing air-supply pipe arrangement 6a, this extraneous air is carried in air-supply pipe arrangement 6a continuously.It addition, by the fortune of aerofluxus pressure fan 7 Turning, waste gas imports aerofluxus pipe arrangement 7a from air vent 2c, and this waste gas is carried in aerofluxus pipe arrangement 7a continuously.At aerofluxus pipe arrangement 7a Way in, there is the aerofluxus that makes waste gas pass through and to be full of by portion 7b.Air-supply pipe arrangement 6a passes through ground in this aerofluxus is by portion 7b Arrange.It addition, in order to pass through in aerofluxus is by portion 7b the most for a long time, a part of air-supply pipe arrangement 6a is with along vertical The form turned back in lower direction is arranged.Path ends at aerofluxus pipe arrangement 7a arranges ventilation fan 12, and the aerofluxus to aerofluxus pressure fan 7 is entered Row auxiliary.Aerofluxus pipe arrangement and air-supply pipe arrangement link in the way of passing sequentially through each space in four corners.Waste gas is anti-due to fermentation Answer and be heated, therefore high than external air temperature (more than 60 DEG C).By making air-supply pipe arrangement 6a lead in aerofluxus is by portion 7b Cross, thus the heat of waste gas is given the extraneous air (heat exchange) in air-supply pipe arrangement, it is possible to extraneous air (air-supply) is heated To the temperature being suitable for fermentation reaction.Additionally, utilize external insulation plate, it is possible to prevent aerofluxus from being escaped by the heat of the waste gas in portion Escape to device.Heat exchange mechanisms by this structure, it is possible to effectively utilize the residue produced because arranging external insulation plate Space, and need not the heater heated of blowing, it is possible to significantly cut down operation cost.
It addition, in this remaining space, it is possible to washing odor removal or wood chip (Pumex) deodorization are set in exhaust pathway The deodorization means such as groove.By arranging such deodorization means, it is possible to effectively utilize above-mentioned remaining space in the same manner as heat exchange mechanisms And reduce the stench of waste gas.
According to Fig. 6, other example of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is described.Fig. 6 is to represent waste treatment apparatus The longitudinal section of structure.As shown in Figure 6, the waste treatment apparatus 1 of this form is the fermentation dried device of hermetic type (assembly), Possess longitudinally columnar container 2, rotary shaft 3 longitudinally disposed in container 2, around the fixing multi-disc agitator of rotary shaft 3 4, as the pressure fan 6 and as the exhaust gear to the outer aerofluxus of container 2 of supplying gas of the mechanism of supplying gas supplied gas in container 2 Aerofluxus pressure fan 7.Especially, this container 2 be internal volume be 15m3The large-scale device of above business.Stirring in lowermost The bottom mixing the wing has passage 4d, by the extraneous air (air-supply) sent here from pressure fan 6 of supplying gas via being arranged in rotary shaft Pipe arrangement 6a and import in container from this passage.It is there is metal outer layer and heat insulation layer exhausted as the container 2 of fermentation tank Heat container, and be airtight container, it is difficult to the extraneous air beyond importing with from passage and contacts.It addition, at container 2 Top has the air vent 2c of the input port 2a of organic waste, gas etc., possesses the compost (Organic after process in bottom Garbage) conveying end 2b.Air vent 2c links with aerofluxus pressure fan 7.It is provided with for really at input port 2a and conveying end 2b Protect the bubble-tight lid to be opened/closed etc. of container.
In the form shown in Fig. 6, the lower section of container 2 is provided with Machine Room 5, is provided with as rotation in this Machine Room The hydraulic pressure unit 8 of the drive mechanism of rotating shaft 3 and above-mentioned pressure fan 6 of supplying gas.Rotary shaft 3 is through in Machine Room 5, utilizes and drives Mechanism rotates with regulation rotating speed.It addition, waste treatment apparatus 1 has as Fig. 1, via container 2 periphery spatially The external insulation plate (omitting diagram) covered and arrange.By arranging external insulation plate, become dual heat radiating construction with container, from And more stable process can be carried out in this device being arranged at outside room.
It addition, in the form shown in Fig. 6, be provided with heater 13, this heater 13 is for sending from pressure fan 6 of supplying gas The extraneous air come is heated.Heater 13 it is not necessary to, such as can also arrange utilization from aerofluxus pressure fan 7 The heat exchange mechanisms (omitting diagram) that the extraneous air importing in container from pressure fan 6 of supplying gas is heated by the heat of waste gas. In this case, it is possible to need not heater, it is possible to cut operating costs.The form of heat exchange mechanisms and setting place are the most especially Restriction, such as, the air-supply pipe arrangement before making in importing container in being set forth in the odor removal of full waste gas such as passes through at the situation.
In the apparatus, put into processed material from input port 2a to the inside of container 2, ferment in container making this processed material Take out from the conveying end 2b of lower vessel portion with after composted.By while import outside from the passage 4d of the agitator of lowermost Air, while making each agitator 4 with low speed rotation, carries out air agitation to processed material so that it is aerobic ferments, thus carries out sending out Ferment and composted.It addition, by air-supply, be also carried out being dried simultaneously.Container is imported from the passage 4d of the agitator of lowermost Interior extraneous air is while flow upward by one side in processed material, common with gas and the steam produced by processed material Ground is by from air vent 2c aerofluxus.This aerofluxus is carried out forcibly by aerofluxus pressure fan 7.
Explain the air output in the waste treatment apparatus (shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) of the present invention and agitator shape.
Processed material is the complicated mixture containing solids, fraction and half fraction etc., and part is block.Cause This, if air-supply does not arrive the center portion thereof and divides, then the part of anaerobic state is many.It addition, in the high situation of the moisture content of processed material Under also become air-supply and be difficult to the state passed through.In this case, dividing of the organic waste carried out by anerobe Solve, produce the lower fatty acids such as propanoic acid, positive acetic acid, isovaleric acid, positive valeric acid, become the reason of stench.It addition, do not arrive in air-supply In the case of the trickle portion of processed material, rate of drying is the most slack-off, produces ammonia due to the existence of moisture, becomes the former of stench equally Cause.Ammonia is by urase (pig manure) and the effect of uricase (chicken manure) as carbamide amylase in the presence of carbamide with water Produce.
In the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, as required (1) and arrange air output and blast pressure can be set Determine than the highest mechanism of supplying gas, and make (2) agitator shape optimization.Thus, in the feelings that the moisture content of processed material is high Also be able to make air-supply to arrive trickle portion under condition, become super aerobic, it is possible to expand thermal zone region, it is achieved high disposal ability and The reduction of odorant.Additionally, high disposal ability refers to that the garbage input amount that can complete to process within the identical time is many, Complete to process the moisture content being to instigate the garbage put in container to be below 35 mass % and complete to take out.Utilize super good oxygen Property, it is possible to the activity of suppression anerobe, it is possible to the generation of suppression lower fatty acid.Further, since above-mentioned carbamide divides Solve ferment to inactivate more than 70 DEG C, therefore, by increasing the high-temperature area of more than 60 DEG C it is thus possible to reduce activity, it is possible to suppression The generation of ammonia.It addition, utilize Wind Volume can shorten drying time.
(1) about air output and blast pressure
Pressure fan 6 of supplying gas as mechanism of supplying gas is a device which when processing to make the passage from agitator Import the air output (m per minute in container3) be this container internal volume (m3) more than 1/4.As it has been described above, the present invention with The internal volume of container is 15m3Above object is main.Internal volume is preferably 15～100m3, more preferably 15～60m3, more More preferably 15～45m3.It is continued in ventilating during processing.Owing to being capable of the increase for the treatment of capacity and doing The shortening of dry time, it is possible to suppress the lower fatty acid as odorant and the generation of ammonia, the most within the above range Increase air output energetically.But, if air output is too much, then exists and processed material rolled and blocks the hidden danger of aerofluxus pipe arrangement, Therefore the upper limit is preferably the internal volume (m of this container3) 1/2.5.It is thus possible, for instance the internal volume at container is 41m3In the case of, Air output is preferably 10.3 (41/4)～16.4 (41/2.5) m3/ point.It addition, the air output (m per minute in importing container3) Further preferred range be the internal volume (m of this container3) 1/3.5～1/3.
In the case of air output is less than above-mentioned scope, as shown in Fig. 7 (a), there is the ventilation of agitator 4 from lowermost The inwall side of flowing (dotted arrow in figure) the deflection container 2 of the extraneous air that hole 4d imports, the ventilation of rotary shaft 3 side is insufficient Situation.This can cause the fermentation of part of rotation shaft side bad, is therefore undesirable.If it addition, simply merely increased Add air output, according to the difference of agitator shape etc., there is also the situation of the flowing biased outward of air-supply, under this portion temperature , there is the hidden danger that fermentation is bad in fall.
Additionally, with the setting of the air output of the conventional general waste treatment apparatus of same area of the present invention be Internal volume (the m of container3) 1/10～about 1/6.Such as, the internal volume of container is 21m3In the case of air output be 2.5～ 3m3/ point about, the internal volume of container is 41m3In the case of air output be 5～7m3/ point about.
As the pressure fan 6 of supplying gas of mechanism of supplying gas, can make when being preferably used in process to import from the passage of agitator The static pressure of the air-supply in container is the device of more than 15kPa.More preferably more than 20kPa.Static pressure by be arranged on from Pressure fan to the passage of agitator path way in piezometer measure.By using the pressure fan that such static pressure is high to come defeated Send the air-supply of high pressure, thus as shown in Fig. 7 (b), also be able to make air-supply exist in the case of processing the garbage that moisture content is high In processed material through, it is possible to make the air-supply of abundance arrive the inside of container 2 overall.It addition, the air-supply to rotary shaft 3 side is the most abundant Ground is carried out, it is possible to prevent the deviation of inwall side to container 2.Additionally, by improving blast pressure, the oxygen amount of unit volume increases Adding, the thermal efficiency also improves.As a result of which it is, the generation etc. of lower fatty acid can be substantially reduced.
(2) about agitator shape
In container, agitator 4 from the lower to upper part of rotary shaft 3 sow discord at predetermined intervals ground, the positions of multiple sections, The each section of sheet number that regulation is set.In form shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, hop count is 5 sections, and stirring fin number is: from bottom the 1st section Be 3 (wherein 1 not shown), the 2nd section be 2, the 3rd section and be 1, the 4th section to be 1, the 5th section be 2, arrange 9 altogether. The hop count of agitator 4 is not limited to the example shown in each figure, is preferably disposed on the position of more than at least 3 sections.As follows Classifying, from bottom, the 1st section is " hypomere ", the 2nd section and the 3rd section for " stage casing ", the 4th section and the 5th section is " epimere ".This In, in the case of hop count is 3 sections of any of the above hop counts, uppermost must be categorized as " epimere ", and lowermost must be categorized as " hypomere ".Beyond uppermost and lowermost, will at least 1 section be categorized as " stage casing ", remaining according to its position be categorized as " on Section " " stage casing " " hypomere ".Additionally, " epimere " is positioned at the region that the longitudinally central location of container 2 is top, " hypomere " is positioned at specific volume The longitudinally central location of device 2 region on the lower.
It addition, the sheet number of agitator in each section also there is no particular limitation, as long as at least provided with 1.About The agitator (having passage) of hypomere, in order to uniformly and be sufficiently carried out air-supply, the most at equal intervals to entirety Arrange more than 3.Additionally, for agitator, owing to more going born load the biggest from epimere toward hypomere, therefore, In each agitator, the load that the part the closer to main shaft is born is the least.
Garbage (processed material) is discontented with as described later and is loaded in container 2, but arranges the space of 10～about 20% Put into more than neededly.Agitator 4 is configured at the scope of the height H from the bottom of container 2 to processed material, the agitator of uppermost Position be positioned at the substantially topmost of processed material.It addition, preferably bottom away from container 2, the position of the agitator of lowermost is somewhat leaned on Top, bottom this between gap is set.It addition, the distance of each section is on the basis of this uppermost and lowermost, and can root At random determine according to hop count.
In the conventional fermentation dried device of hermetic type, there is the device that agitator is arranged multistage, but it is only recognized and stirs Mix the wing in any section, be all intended for stirring (lowermost is also carried out air-supply), whole sections use the agitator of same shape, right Study the most fully in the left and right of every section.In contrast to this, in the present invention, make each section (especially hypomere, stage casing, epimere this 3 The position of section) the effect of agitator make clear, and study its form based on this.
Respective effect is as described below.Epimere (especially uppermost) is for shakeouing processed material, empty with outside by increasing The contact area of gas (importing from agitator) promotes fermentation.Stage casing is for by the epimere process that temperature rises because of fermentation fever Thing is stirred energetically.For hypomere (especially lowermost), owing to stirring completes at epimere and stage casing, so mainly for Blow to entirety.
The shape of whole agitators 4 is all the spacing leaf arranged to the inwall side of container 2 with straight-line extension from rotary shaft 3 Plate shape, has inclined plane on front side of its direction of rotation.The inclined plane of these agitators 4 is the surfaces of revolution relative to this agitator (horizontal plane) is with the plane of the inclined at inclination angles less than 90 degree (acute angles).That is, on the upside of direction of rotation rear direction and inclined plane Angle formed by direction is less than 90 degree.Along with the rotation of agitator, processed material is stirred with the form moved in this inclined plane.
The shape of agitator is explained according to Fig. 4.Fig. 4 is the axial rotary of the agitator of each section of Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 Sectional view.As shown in Figure 4, each agitator 4 is connect with base plate 4b by (level) base plate 4b parallel with the surfaces of revolution of this agitator The twisted plate 4c of the swash plate 4a closed and the cross section L-shaped engaged with base plate 4b and swash plate 4a is constituted.The outer surface of swash plate 4a (plane) is above-mentioned " inclined plane of agitator ", and this swash plate 4a engages on front side of the direction of rotation of base plate 4b.Additionally, agitator Shape as long as there is above-mentioned inclined plane, then be not limited to other concrete structure, the especially shape shown in Fig. 4.But, The agitator of lowermost needs extraneous air path described later.
In the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the tilt angle theta of the inclined plane of the agitator 4 of the uppermost in epimere 1 is 60 degree～85 degree, more preferably 60 degree～70 degree, much further preferably from 62～67 degree.Hypomere (comprises lowermost) The tilt angle theta 3 of inclined plane of agitator 4 be 15 degree～25 degree, more preferably 18 degree～22 degree.(outstanding for epimere It is uppermost), by making angle of inclination range set forth above uprise like that, thus easily processed material is flattened, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase with The contact area of extraneous air.Further, since be processed material top thus stirring resistance little, even high angle of inclination, Load is not easy to become big.On the other hand, for hypomere, due to be the bottom in processed material so stirring resistance is big, but pass through Make the such step-down of angle of inclination range set forth above such that it is able to make load diminish.Further, since stirring is complete at epimere and stage casing Becoming, even if making the whipping performance of this part decline so reducing angle of inclination, generally speaking device also being able to play fully Whipping performance.Additionally, the angle of inclination of the agitator of lowermost does not results in for the effect i.e. wind pushing performance of this agitator Harmful effect.
The tilt angle theta 2 of the inclined plane of the agitator 4 in stage casing is 35 degree～45 degree, more preferably 38 degree～42 degree. Stage casing is for stirring energetically in the epimere processed material that temperature rises because of fermentation fever.In stage casing, many in flowing downwards In the case of, can cause the minimizing of the time of contact with extraneous air and exposure, but as described above incline by being configured to have The agitator of rake angle such that it is able to as far as possible eliminate this flowing downwards.It addition, the angle of inclination in stage casing is the biggest, stirring property Can more improve, but load becomes big.
High disposal ability and significantly stench reduction etc. correspondingly it is capable of with above-mentioned air output etc., therefore, In structure (totally 5 sections) shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, most preferably, start from below be 20 degree (lowermost), 40 degree, 40 degree, 40 degree, 65 degree (uppermost).
Each agitator 4 has the hollow space 4e surrounded by swash plate 4a, base plate 4b and twisted plate 4c.The agitator of lowermost The hollow space 4e of 4 connects with the pipe arrangement in rotary shaft 3, is formed (through to the passage 4d being arranged at twisted plate 4c bottom etc. Hole) till extraneous air path.The twisted plate 4c bottom being provided with passage 4d is positioned on rear side of rotation direction, therefore, is difficult to There is the blocking of processed material.It addition, in the form shown in each figure, only form passage on the agitator of lowermost, but It is not limited to this, for example, it is also possible to form passage on the agitator of up 1 section.
It addition, as it is shown in figure 5, passage 4d is provided with multiple on the long side direction of agitator 4, and is formed as the most past and stirs Mixing the outside (the inwall side of container) of the long side direction of the wing, its interval more periodically becomes close.By being configured so that passage 4d, Thus when taking out compost from the conveying end 2b (with reference to Fig. 1 or Fig. 6) arranged near the inwall side of container 2, it is possible to fully Ground ventilation the state being dried are taken out.
The refuse processing method of the present invention is characterised by that the waste treatment apparatus using the above-mentioned present invention will have Machine castoff compost.Concrete processing sequence is as follows.
(1) first, in waste treatment apparatus, 10～the throwing spatially of 20% are retained relative to the internal volume of this device Enter garbage (processed material).By reservation 10～the input processed material spatially of 20%, thus the stirring of processed material is entered fully OK, fermentation and drying efficiency are high.
(2) under prescribed conditions processed material fermented and be dried.
Method of operation has " batch operating " and " continuously running " both approaches.
A processed material, in the case of " batch operating ", is put into waste treatment apparatus by (), make agitator revolve with low speed Turn, and import air-supply (extraneous air) from the passage of the agitator of lowermost, while carry out the fermentation of about five days with It is dried.This was neither taken out not putting in five days.Then, fermentation about 30 mass % will have been carried out and be dried Processed material (compost) stay in device, by about remaining 70 mass % compost take out.The compost taken out is as product.Root According to needs, it is also possible to carried out pelletize.The compost stayed in waste treatment apparatus jointly exists with the new processed material put into It is stirred under the conditions of as before and carries out the fermentation of about five days and be dried and become compost.
B processed material, in the case of " continuously running ", is put into waste treatment apparatus by (), carry out 24 hours fermentation and It is dried, takes out the compost about 20 mass % in operation start after 24 hours.Then, the new processed material of the amount taken out is put into. So, processed material is repeated with circulation in 4 hours to put into and compost taking-up.
In the case of any one operates, when initially use waste treatment apparatus, preferably preliminary election puts into processed material About 30 overall mass %, the compost of last time that is that by fermentation and take out from this device.This is to use psychosomatic training according to YIN YANG changes of nature Zymocyte.
In the case of any one operates, air output imports in container with above-mentioned scope.That is, air-supply per minute is made Amount (m3) it is the internal volume (m of this container3) more than 1/4.It addition, blast pressure is preferably above-mentioned scope (static pressure 15kPa Above).It addition, the moisture content of the rotating speed of agitator and processed material correspondingly adjusts.It is generally adjusted to 40～60 points of left sides of circling Right rotating speed.The moisture content of processed material also relies on the rotating speed of agitator, and any one party in the case of too fast or the slowest is all There is this moisture content probability more than 35%.It addition, in the case of this moisture content is more than 35%, there is the taking-up from container Become the probability of difficulty.
Embodiment
1. according to the relation of the air output of the difference of agitator shape with treating capacity
[embodiment]
With pig manure (water content 73%) as raw material, and use internal volume 41m3The waste treatment apparatus shown in Fig. 6.Hold A diameter of 4200mm of device bottom surface.Apparatus structure is as shown in Figure 6.About agitator, around rotary shaft with 5 sections fixing 9 altogether Agitator, for more than 2 sections, arrange at equal intervals with circumferencial direction.The inclined plane angle of agitator (5 sections of compositions) be from Hypomere start be 20 degree (lowermost), 40 degree, 40 degree, 40 degree, 65 degree (uppermost), direction of rotation width is 190mm, long limit side To a length of 1900mm.The rotation of agitator is adjusted to each rotation is 40～60 minutes, makes the air output (m of pressure fan3/ Point) change, and investigate the treating capacity that can process in a day.Air-supply is warmed to 60 DEG C by heater and imports.It addition, aerofluxus with 37m3/ point carry out consistently.The above-mentioned raw materials of any amount is put into, it is determined that whether can within the process time of one day in container Make moisture content become below 35 mass % and take out, using the treating capacity of the upper limit of possible situation as this under each air output at Reason amount is tried to achieve.Extraneous air temperature during test is average 15 DEG C.
[comparative example]
With pig manure (water content 73%) as raw material, and use internal volume 41m3Waste treatment apparatus.Apparatus structure side Face, same as in Example 1 in addition to the angle of agitator.In this comparative example, the inclined plane angle of agitator (5 sections of compositions) Be from hypomere start be 32 degree (lowermost), 32 degree, 32 degree, 32 degree, 32 degree (uppermost).Operating condition and the judgement for the treatment of capacity Condition is identical with embodiment, makes the air output (m of pressure fan3/ point) change, and the treating capacity that can process in investigating a day.Examination Extraneous air temperature when testing is average 15 DEG C.
These result is as shown in Figure 8.Fig. 8 (a) is embodiment, and Fig. 8 (b) is comparative example, be respectively represent air output with The figure of the relation for the treatment of capacity.As shown in Figure 8, in the comparative example of agitator shape with conventional structure, when making air output it is Time more than certain, treating capacity reduces.In contrast to this, in an embodiment, treating capacity proportionally increases with air output, although be with The device of comparative example same volume, but the absolute magnitude for the treatment of capacity is many.
It addition, inquire into air output (m3) with the relation for the treatment of capacity (t) that can process in a day.In an embodiment, at this Reason amount is approximately reaching the air output 12.5 (m of the limit3This treating capacity in the case of) is 8.0 (t), air output (m3)/treating capacity (t)=1.56.It addition, such as air output 6.0 (m3This treating capacity in the case of) is 4.0 (t), air output (m3)/treating capacity (t)=1.50.On the other hand, in a comparative example, this treating capacity is approximately reaching the air output 5.0 (m of the limit3In the case of) This treating capacity is 3.0 (t), air output (m3)/treating capacity (t)=1.67.It addition, such as air output 3.0 (m3Being somebody's turn to do in the case of) Treating capacity is 1.8 (t), air output (m3)/treating capacity (t)=1.67.
Like this, air output (m3) with one day in the relation for the treatment of capacity (t) that can process deposit according to every kind of apparatus structure Being correlated with to a certain degree.According to the above results, in the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, make air output (m3) it is X, make this When treating capacity (t) is Y, (X/Y) ＜ 1.7.
2. the relation of the lower aliphatic acid concentration of air output and generation
With pig manure (water content 73%) as raw material, and use internal volume 41m3The waste treatment apparatus shown in Fig. 6.Hold A diameter of 4200mm of device bottom surface.Apparatus structure is as shown in Figure 6.Agitator around rotary shaft with 5 sections of fixing stirrings amounting to 9 The wing, for more than 2 sections, is arranged at equal intervals with circumferencial direction.The inclined plane angle of agitator (5 sections of compositions) is to open from hypomere Beginning be 20 degree (lowermost), 40 degree, 40 degree, 40 degree, 65 degree (uppermost), direction of rotation width is 190mm, long side direction length For 1900mm.The rotation of agitator is adjusted to each rotation is 40～60 minutes, makes the air output (m of pressure fan3/ point) become Change, and investigate the concentration (mg/L) of the lower fatty acid discharged from air vent.Air-supply is warmed to 60 DEG C by heater and imports.Separately Outward, aerofluxus is with 37m3/ point carry out consistently.The concentration of lower fatty acid is measured in 24 hours by liquid chromatography and makes aerofluxus Product after gas condensation.The process time is 1 day (24 hours), and the raw material input amount put into container is proportional to air output, At 9m3/ point under be 5540kg, at 11m3/ point under be 6770kg, at 13m3/ point under be 8000kg, at 15m3/ point under be 9230kg。
Fig. 9 represents the measurement result of the concentration of lower fatty acid relative to each air output.As it is shown in figure 9, at this In bright device, by increasing air output, the concentration of lower fatty acid reduces on the whole.
3. the relation of the lower aliphatic acid concentration of the difference of agitator shape and generation
In the device of the above embodiments and comparative example, the concentration (mg/L) of investigation lower fatty acid.In an embodiment It is air output 13m3/ point and the situation of input amount 8000kg/1 day, be air output 5m in a comparative example3/ point and input amount The situation of 3000kg/1 day.The concentration of lower fatty acid is measured by liquid chromatography after making exhaust gas condensation in 24 hours Product.
These result is as shown in Figure 10.As shown in Figure 10, compared to the agitator shape of conventional structure and air output Comparative example, is improveing agitator shape and is increasing in the embodiment of air output, and the concentration of lower fatty acid is on the whole Reduce.
4. the relation of the lower aliphatic acid concentration of blast pressure and generation
With pig manure (water content 73%) as raw material, and use internal volume 41m3The waste treatment apparatus shown in Fig. 6.Hold A diameter of 4200mm of device bottom surface.Apparatus structure is as shown in Figure 6.Agitator around rotary shaft with 5 sections of fixing stirrings amounting to 9 The wing, for more than 2 sections, is arranged at equal intervals with circumferencial direction.The inclined plane angle of agitator (5 sections of compositions) is to open from hypomere Beginning be 20 degree (lowermost), 40 degree, 40 degree, 40 degree, 65 degree (uppermost), direction of rotation width is 190mm, long side direction length For 1900mm.The rotation of agitator is adjusted to each rotation is 40～60 minutes, makes the air output (m of pressure fan3/ point) become Change, and investigate the concentration (mg/L) of the lower fatty acid discharged from air vent.Static pressure utilizes and is arranged at from pressure fan to stirring Piezometer (NAGANO KEIKI,NKS society KP15-17G) in the way, path of the passage of the wing measures.Air-supply is warmed to 60 by heater DEG C and import.It addition, aerofluxus is with 37m3/ point carry out consistently.The concentration of lower fatty acid measures 24 by liquid chromatography The product after exhaust gas condensation is made in hour.The process time is 1 day (24 hours), to container put into raw material input amount with give Air quantity is proportional, is 3000kg under 5kPa, is 4000kg under 15kPa, is 5000kg, under 35kPa is under 25kPa 8000kg, is 9000kg under 45kPa.
Relative to each blast pressure lower fatty acid concentration measurement result as shown in figure 11.As shown in figure 11, exist In assembly of the invention, by increasing blast pressure (static pressure), thus the concentration of lower fatty acid reduces on the whole.
As shown in above 1.～4., in the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, by adjusting agitator shape and air-supply Amount (blast pressure), thus there is high disposal ability, it is possible to reduce the generation amount of odorant.
Industrial applicibility
The waste treatment apparatus low cost of the present invention and good appearance, the impact of external environment is little, it is possible to carry out stable Process.It addition, use the simple means compared, there is high disposal ability, it is possible to reduce the generation amount of odorant.Cause This, be suitable as the fermentation dried device of hermetic type (assembly), for from animal husbandry manage body discharge cattle waste or from The organic wastes such as the food debris that food industries operating agency etc. are discharged carry out composted.
The explanation of reference
1 waste treatment apparatus
2 containers
3 rotary shafts
4 agitators
5 Machine Rooms
6 pressure fan
7 aerofluxus pressure fan
8 hydraulic pressure units
9 device outer walls
10 import pipe arrangement
11 extraneous air taking mouth
12 ventilation fans
13 heaters.

Claims (10)

1. a waste treatment apparatus, possesses: the columnar container of bubble-tight longitudinal direction, in described container with longitudinally disposed Rotary shaft, around described rotary shaft fixing multi-disc agitator, for carrying the supplying gas of extraneous air in described container Mechanism and for will build up the exhaust gear that the internal gas in described container is discharged to external container, send described in utilization Mechanism of qi structure imports extraneous air in container, utilizes described exhaust gear to be exhausted internal gas, and with described The organic waste put in described container from described upper vessel portion is stirred while making it ferment and being dried by agitator And composted, and take out from described lower vessel portion, described waste treatment apparatus is characterised by,
This waste treatment apparatus has external insulation plate, and described external insulation plate is arranged at least some of across spatially Cover the cylinder periphery of described container.
Waste treatment apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The device outer wall being made up of described external insulation plate is the square tube shape the most external with the cylinder periphery of described container.
Waste treatment apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described waste treatment apparatus has heat exchange mechanisms, and described heat exchange mechanisms utilizes the heat of the waste gas from described exhaust gear Measure the extraneous air to importing in container from described mechanism of supplying gas to heat, the cylinder periphery of described container and described outside Described space between portion's heat-insulating shield arranges described heat exchange mechanisms.
Waste treatment apparatus the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The device outer wall being made up of described external insulation plate is the square tube shape the most external with the cylinder periphery of described container,
Described heat exchange mechanisms is consisted of portion and air-supply pipe arrangement aerofluxus, and described aerofluxus is arranged on by portion and is formed at described device In the space in the corner of the described square tube shape between the cylinder periphery of outer wall and described container, for the waste gas discharged from described container Pass through, described air-supply pipe arrangement in described aerofluxus is by portion by and arrange, lead to for importing the extraneous air before described container Cross.
Waste treatment apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described supply gas mechanism and described exhaust gear is contained in inside described device.
Waste treatment apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In described container, described agitator is at least 3 left at predetermined intervals to top from the bottom of described rotary shaft The position that section is above, each section at least provided with 1 with Shangdi, linearly prolong towards ground, described container inner wall side from described rotary shaft Stretch setting,
Described agitator has inclined plane on front side of its direction of rotation,
The described inclined plane of the agitator of uppermost is 60 degree～85 degree relative to the angle of inclination of the surfaces of revolution of described agitator, The described inclined plane of the agitator of lowermost is 15 degree～25 degree relative to the angle of inclination of the surfaces of revolution of described agitator, goes up most Section and lowermost beyond agitator described inclined plane relative to the angle of inclination of the surfaces of revolution of described agitator be 35 degree～ 45 degree,
The agitator of lowermost has passage, described passage and described mechanism connection of supplying gas, for sending from described The extraneous air of mechanism of qi structure conveying imports in container.
Waste treatment apparatus the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
The internal volume of described container is 15m3Above, mechanism of supplying gas described in imports in described container from described passage when processing Air output (m per minute3) it is the internal volume (m of described container3) more than 1/4.
Waste treatment apparatus the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
The static pressure that described mechanism of supplying gas imports the air-supply in described container when processing from described passage is more than 15kPa.
Waste treatment apparatus the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
Described waste treatment apparatus has heat exchange mechanisms, and described heat exchange mechanisms utilizes the heat of the waste gas from described exhaust gear Measure the extraneous air to importing in container from described mechanism of supplying gas to heat.
10. a refuse processing method, uses waste treatment apparatus that organic waste carries out composted, described discarded Substance treating method is characterised by,
Described waste treatment apparatus is the waste treatment apparatus described in claim 7.
CN201580010094.3A 2014-02-24 2015-02-23 Waste treatment apparatus and refuse processing method Active CN106061634B (en)

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