CN105175043B - A kind of bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device and the method that compost is carried out using the device - Google Patents
A kind of bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device and the method that compost is carried out using the device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105175043B CN105175043B CN201510683852.XA CN201510683852A CN105175043B CN 105175043 B CN105175043 B CN 105175043B CN 201510683852 A CN201510683852 A CN 201510683852A CN 105175043 B CN105175043 B CN 105175043B
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- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 251
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 251
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 112
- 108010066057 cabin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003851 biochemical process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device and the method that compost is carried out using the device, a kind of method for being related to composting device and compost being carried out using the device.Solve existing composting technology to take up a large area, composting cycle length, the problem of mechanical turning stink is big, and conditioner dosage is big.Including fermentation cabin, fermentation tank, fermentation cabin head cover, top into air outlet pipe, middle part into air outlet pipe, lower part into air outlet pipe, top and the bottom draft fan, middle part draft fan, bottom, top, middle part air valve, top and bottom air bleeding valve.Method：First, it is laid in after discarded object is mixed with compost in fermentation tank；2nd, fermentation tank is successively fixed in fermentation cabin, top cover；3rd, by opening and closing corresponding valve, direction of ventilation is converted；4th, fermentation tank is taken out after fermenting, material is mixed with discarded object after part fermentation, carries out compost fermentation next time, material is sold as product after another part fermentation.The present invention is used for compost fermentation field.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that compost is carried out the present invention relates to composting device and using the device.
Background technology
Aerobic fermentation processing refers to that solid waste and conditioner are thoroughly mixed to form the material heap body of certain volume, is having
Under conditions of oxygen, using the organic matter in a large amount of microorganism fast degradation materials and biological residuum, carbon dioxide and water are produced, and
Discharge the Biochemical processes of big calorimetric.Existing compost method mainly has bar buttress formula, static forced ventilation formula, three kinds of slot type.
(1) bar buttress formula technique：General more in outdoor progress, mixed material is dumped growth bar shaped bar pile, and how trapezoidal section is
Or triangle, the porosity of bar pile materials inside is maintained by regularly mechanical turning stirring, while ensure relatively uniform
Sterilizing and organic matter stabilization effect.Since this fermentation form relies primarily on, air flows naturally and periodically mechanical turning comes in fact
Existing material ventilation, supplies oxygen effect and dry materials speed is often not so good as other process forms using force ventilation, therefore bar pile
The formula fermenting and producing cycle is longer (more than 60 days), and floor space is larger.
(2) static forced ventilation technique：The technique is the ventilation to being aerated oxygen supply inside heap body using pipeline and wind turbine
Certain thickness is covered on pipeline has the materials such as wood chip, straw as base wad, to ensure the uniformity of air flow.Since oxygen supply is filled
Foot, the fermentation period of static forced ventilation technique can generally foreshorten to 40 days or so.Static forced ventilation technique need not be built
Fermentation plant.
(3) slot type technique：The technique is by a kind of fermentation form of force ventilation combination related to regular turning, material hair
Ferment process is completed in flute profile fermentation vat.Turning device coordinates air blast control system that material can be helped just to complete one in 30 days
Secondary fermentation process.
Bar buttress formula, static forced ventilation formula and trough composting they it is shared the shortcomings that mainly take up a large area, compost week
Phase is grown, and turning process or a large amount of foul smell of forced ventilation process are excessive, seriously affect ambient air quality.And due to these three shapes
Formula waste height is required to use a large amount of conditioners more than 1.5 meters, maintains the voidage of mixed material.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to solve existing composting technology to take up a large area, and composting cycle length, mechanical turning stink is big, conditioner
The problem of dosage is big, there is provided a kind of bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device and the method that compost is carried out using the device.
The bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device of the present invention includes fermentation cabin, fermentation tank, fermentation cabin head cover, side wall, top
Into air outlet pipe, middle part into air outlet pipe, lower part into air outlet pipe, top and the bottom draft fan, middle part draft fan, bottom inflow valve, top
Portion's intake valve, middle part air valve, top vent valve, base bleed valve, the top of fermentation cabin are equipped with fermentation cabin head cover, fermentation cabin
Right side be equipped with the side wall that can open and close, the bottom of fermentation cabin is laid with lower part into air outlet pipe, import of the lower part into air outlet pipe
End is connected by pipeline with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan, and the port of export of lower part into air outlet pipe is extended to outside fermentation cabin, under
Portion's disengaging upper tracheal is equipped with least 2 layers of fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank top of the superiors equipped with middle part into air outlet pipe, middle part into
One end of air outlet pipe is connected by pipeline with the air outlet of middle part draft fan, and middle part is equipped with least 2 layers into the top of air outlet pipe
The fermentation tank top of fermentation tank, the wherein the superiors is equipped with top into air outlet pipe, top into air outlet pipe input end by pipeline with
The air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan is connected, and the port of export of top into air outlet pipe is extended to outside fermentation cabin, and lower part is into air outlet pipe
The pipeline that input end is connected with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan is equipped with bottom inflow valve, and lower part is into the outlet of air outlet pipe
End is equipped with base bleed valve, middle part into the pipeline that air outlet pipe is connected with the air outlet of middle part draft fan be equipped with middle part into
Air outlet valve, the pipeline that the input end of top into air outlet pipe is connected with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan are equipped with top air inlet
Valve, the port of export of top into air outlet pipe are equipped with top vent valve.
The side wall on right side is opened during use, every layer of fermentation tank on the right side of fermentation cabin by being fit into fermentation cabin.
The method for carrying out compost using above-mentioned bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device, carries out according to the following steps：
First, by organic solid castoff and compost by volume 1:It is evenly laid out in every layer of hair after 0.3~3 is mixed
In ferment groove, height of materials is 20~100cm wherein in fermentation tank；
2nd, fermentation tank is successively fixed in fermentation cabin, the distance between every layer of fermentation tank is 0.1-0.5m, is then covered
Fermentation cabin head cover, closes side wall, closes fermentation cabin；
3rd, bottom inflow valve and top vent valve are opened, closes top intake valve and base bleed valve, is then turned on up and down
Fresh air is introduced fermentation cabin by portion's draft fan by lower part into air outlet pipe, is come into full contact with from the bottom to top with material in fermentation cabin
Afterwards, after being collected through top into air outlet pipe, discharged by the port of export of top into air outlet pipe and be passed through stench processing system；
Then direction of ventilation is converted, concrete operations are：Open top part intake valve and base bleed valve, close bottom inflow valve
With top vent valve, fresh air is entered fermentation cabin by top and the bottom draft fan by top into air outlet pipe, air from top to bottom with
After material comes into full contact with fermentation cabin, after being collected through lower part into air outlet pipe, discharged and be passed through by the port of export of lower part into air outlet pipe
Stench processing system；
It is every 2~12 it is small when convert direction of ventilation once；
4th, when temperature is less than 8%~12% higher than oxygen concentration in 60~65 DEG C or fermentation cabin in fermentation cabin, middle part is opened
Draft fan and middle part air valve, carry out middle part ventilation, until temperature is less than oxygen concentration in 55 DEG C or fermentation cabin in fermentation cabin
Stop higher than 15%；
5th, fermentation tank is taken out out of fermentation cabin after fermenting 10~20 days, and material after the fermentation in fermentation tank is taken out,
Material is mixed with organic solid castoff after part fermentation therein, and is again introduced into fermentation cabin and is carried out compost next time
Fermentation, material is sold as product after another part fermentation.
Fermentation cabin need not be filled once, can utilize and add or take thereto during the fermentation under machinery or manpower help
Go out fermentation cabin, so as to fulfill the continuous processing of fresh material.
Organic solid castoff is feces of livestock and poultry, sludge, rubbish, agricultural crop straw, biogas slurry slag, food industry in step 1
Discarded object, kitchen garbage and afforestation discarded object after processing etc..
Another method for carrying out compost using above-mentioned bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device, carries out according to the following steps：
First, by organic solid castoff and compost by volume 1:It is evenly laid out in every layer of hair after 0.3~3 is mixed
In ferment groove, height of materials is 20~100cm wherein in fermentation tank；
2nd, fermentation tank is successively fixed in fermentation cabin, the distance between every layer of fermentation tank is 0.1-0.5m, is then covered
Fermentation cabin head cover, closes side wall, closes fermentation cabin；
3rd, bottom inflow valve and top intake valve are opened, closes top vent valve and base bleed valve, is then turned on up and down
Fresh air is introduced fermentation cabin by portion's draft fan by top into air outlet pipe and lower part into air outlet pipe, from upper and lower part at the same time to
Blowing in the middle part of fermentation cabin, while middle part draft fan and middle part air valve are opened, by the outside exhausting of middle part draft fan, and lead to
Enter stench processing system；
Then direction of ventilation is converted, concrete operations are：Middle part draft fan and middle part air valve are opened, is divulged information by middle part
Fresh air is introduced fermentation cabin by wind turbine by middle part into air outlet pipe, is simultaneously closed off bottom inflow valve and top intake valve, is opened top
Portion's air bleeding valve and base bleed valve, after air is come into full contact with material in fermentation cabin up and down by middle part, pass in and out through top
After tracheae and lower part are collected into air outlet pipe, discharged by top into air outlet pipe and lower part into the port of export of air outlet pipe and be passed through foul smell
Reason system；
It is every 2~12 it is small when convert direction of ventilation once；
4th, fermentation tank is taken out out of fermentation cabin after fermenting 10~20 days, and material after the fermentation in fermentation tank is taken out
And sieved, it is therein a part fermentation after material mixed with organic solid castoff, and be again introduced into fermentation cabin into
Capable compost fermentation next time, material is sold as product after another part fermentation.
Fermentation cabin need not be filled once, can utilize and add or take thereto during the fermentation under machinery or manpower help
Go out fermentation cabin, so as to fulfill the continuous processing of fresh material.
Organic solid castoff is feces of livestock and poultry, sludge, rubbish, agricultural crop straw, biogas slurry slag, food industry in step 1
Discarded object, kitchen garbage and afforestation discarded object after processing etc..
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1) Traditional compost process is divided into a compost and secondary decomposed two processes.The present invention uses one time fermentation material generation
For Traditional compost conditioner, hot fermentation is carried out together with fresh material, realize one time fermentation with it is secondary decomposed in fermentation cabin
Inside synchronously complete.I.e. material have passed through hot fermentation twice, so not only reduce because purchasing, transporting, storing, conditioner is located in advance
The triggered expense of reason, and hot fermentation eliminates secondary digest process, thus save needed for secondary digest process compared with
For a long time, pathogen reduction is efficient.
2) Traditional compost waste height is typically larger than 1.5m, and to save floor space, and the present invention is using bidirectional ventilated, shallow
The fermentation method that stacking adds, individual layer heap height improve oxygen mass transfer efficiency in 1m.And multilayer fermentation shallow slot stacking pattern is used,
Save significantly on composting facilities floor space.
3) Partial fermentation shallow slot is periodically added or taken out during the fermentation to fermentation cabin, it is achieved thereby that static fermentation
Continuous feed, continuous discharge problem.
4) convert direction of ventilation once when using top and the bottom draft fan small per 2-12, can so avoid being made by individual event ventilation
It is too fast into local dry materials, the nonsynchronous problem of material desiccation in fermentation cabin.When system temperature is higher than oxygen in 65 DEG C or system
When concentration is less than 8%, middle part draft fan, which is opened, carries out middle part benefit wind, on the one hand improves system oxygen delivery capacity, avoids system temperature
Height is spent, on the other hand improves the ferment effect of material in the middle part of fermentation cabin at the same time.
5) present invention uses static compost method, does not set turnover panel in storehouse, without mechanical agitating operation in fermentation process.
6) material of the invention can be moved integrally with fermentation tank by loading machines such as cranes, carry out batch behaviour
Make.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to act embodiment set forth below, further includes between each embodiment
Any combination.
Embodiment one：Illustrate present embodiment, the bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state compost dress of present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1
Put and passed in and out including fermentation cabin 1, fermentation tank 2, fermentation cabin head cover 3, side wall 14, top into air outlet pipe 4, middle part into air outlet pipe 5, lower part
Tracheae 6, top and the bottom draft fan 7, middle part draft fan 8, bottom inflow valve 9, top intake valve 10, middle part air valve 11,
Top vent valve 12 and base bleed valve 13, the top of fermentation cabin 1 are equipped with fermentation cabin head cover 3, and the right side of fermentation cabin 1 is equipped with and can open
The side wall 14 for opening and closing, the bottom of fermentation cabin 1 are laid with lower part and pass through pipeline into air outlet pipe 6, the input end of lower part into air outlet pipe 6
It is connected with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan 7, the port of export of lower part into air outlet pipe 6 is extended to outside fermentation cabin 1, and lower part is into outlet
6 top of pipe is equipped with least 2 layers of fermentation tank, and wherein the fermentation tank top of the superiors is equipped with middle part into air outlet pipe 5, and middle part is into air outlet pipe
5 one end is connected by pipeline with the air outlet of middle part draft fan 8, and middle part is into the top of air outlet pipe 5 equipped with least 2 layers fermentation
The fermentation tank top of groove, the wherein the superiors is equipped with top into air outlet pipe 4, top into air outlet pipe 4 input end by pipeline with it is upper
The air outlet of leg space ventilation wind turbine 7 is connected, and the port of export of top into air outlet pipe 4 is extended to outside fermentation cabin 1, and lower part is into air outlet pipe 6
The pipeline that is connected with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan 7 of input end be equipped with bottom inflow valve 9, lower part is into air outlet pipe 6
The port of export be equipped with base bleed valve 13, on the pipeline that middle part is connected into air outlet pipe 5 with the air outlet of middle part draft fan 8
Equipped with middle part air valve 11, pipeline that the input end of top into air outlet pipe 4 is connected with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan 7
Top intake valve 10 is equipped with, the port of export of top into air outlet pipe 4 is equipped with top vent valve 12.
Embodiment two：The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that：The depth of the fermentation tank 2 is
0.2-1.0m.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that：2 bottom of fermentation tank is by wearing
Orifice plate or porous masses are made.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four：The method that present embodiment carries out compost using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device,
Carry out according to the following steps：
First, by organic solid castoff and compost by volume 1:It is evenly laid out in every layer of hair after 0.3~3 is mixed
In ferment groove 2, height of materials is 20~100cm wherein in fermentation tank 2；
2nd, fermentation tank 2 is successively fixed in fermentation cabin 1, then covers fermentation cabin head cover 3, closed side wall, make fermentation cabin
1 closing；
3rd, bottom inflow valve 9 and top vent valve 12 are opened, closes top intake valve 10 and base bleed valve 13, then
Open top and the bottom draft fan 7 fresh air is introduced into fermentation cabin 1 by lower part into air outlet pipe 6, from the bottom to top with thing in fermentation cabin 1
After material comes into full contact with, after being collected through top into air outlet pipe 4, discharged by the port of export of top into air outlet pipe 4 and be passed through Odor control
System；
Then direction of ventilation is converted, concrete operations are：Open top part intake valve 10 and base bleed valve 13, close bottom into
Fresh air is entered fermentation cabin 1, air by air valve 9 and top vent valve 12, top and the bottom draft fan 7 by top into air outlet pipe 4
After from top to bottom being come into full contact with material in fermentation cabin 1, after being collected through lower part into air outlet pipe 6, by lower part into the outlet of air outlet pipe 6
Discharge and be passed through stench processing system in end；
It is every 2~12 it is small when convert direction of ventilation once；
4th, when temperature is less than 8% higher than oxygen concentration in 65 DEG C or fermentation cabin 1 in fermentation cabin 1, middle part draft fan is opened
8 and middle part air valve 11, middle part ventilation is carried out, until oxygen concentration is higher than temperature less than 55 DEG C or in fermentation cabin 1 in fermentation cabin 1
15% stops；
5th, fermentation tank 2 is taken out out of fermentation cabin 1 after fermenting 10~20 days, and material after the fermentation in fermentation tank 2 is taken
Go out, material is mixed with organic solid castoff after part fermentation therein, and is again introduced into fermentation cabin 1 and is carried out next time
Compost fermentation, material is sold as product after another part fermentation.
Embodiment five：Present embodiment is unlike embodiment four：Organic solid is given up in step 1
Gurry for feces of livestock and poultry, sludge, rubbish, agricultural crop straw, biogas slurry slag, food industry processing after discarded object, kitchen garbage or
Afforestation discarded object.It is other identical with embodiment four.
Embodiment six：Present embodiment is unlike embodiment four：In step 5 with organic solid
Discarded object mixing is again introduced into fermentation cabin 1 and carries out the moisture content of material after the fermentation of compost fermentation next time below 70%.Its
It is identical with embodiment four.
Embodiment seven：The method that present embodiment carries out compost using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device,
Carry out according to the following steps：
First, by organic solid castoff and compost by volume 1:It is evenly laid out in every layer of hair after 0.3~3 is mixed
In ferment groove 2, height of materials is 20~100cm wherein in fermentation tank 2；
2nd, fermentation tank 2 is successively fixed in fermentation cabin 1, the distance between every layer of fermentation tank is 0.1-0.5m, is then covered
Top fermentation silo roof lid 3, closes side wall, closes fermentation cabin 1；
3rd, bottom inflow valve 9 and top intake valve 10 are opened, closes top vent valve 12 and base bleed valve 13, then
Open top and the bottom draft fan 7 and fresh air is introduced into fermentation cabin 1 into air outlet pipe 4 and lower part by top into air outlet pipe 6, by top
Dry at the same time to the middle part of fermentation cabin 1 with lower part, while open middle part draft fan 8 and middle part air valve 11, divulged information by middle part
8 outside exhausting of wind turbine, and it is passed through stench processing system；
Then direction of ventilation is converted, concrete operations are：Middle part draft fan 8 and middle part air valve 11 are opened, by middle part
Fresh air is introduced fermentation cabin 1 by draft fan 8 by middle part into air outlet pipe 5, simultaneously closes off bottom inflow valve 9 and top intake valve
10, open top part air bleeding valve 12 and base bleed valve 13, air are come into full contact with material in fermentation cabin 1 up and down by middle part
Afterwards, after being collected through top into air outlet pipe 4 and lower part into air outlet pipe 6, by top into air outlet pipe 4 and lower part into the outlet of air outlet pipe 6
Discharge and be passed through stench processing system in end；
It is every 2~12 it is small when convert direction of ventilation once；
4th, fermentation tank 2 is taken out out of fermentation cabin 1 after fermenting 10~20 days, and material after the fermentation in fermentation tank is taken
Go out and sieved, material is mixed with organic solid castoff after part fermentation therein, and is again introduced into fermentation cabin 1
Compost fermentation next time is carried out, material is sold as product after another part fermentation.
Embodiment eight：Present embodiment is unlike embodiment seven：Organic solid is given up in step 1
Gurry for feces of livestock and poultry, sludge, rubbish, agricultural crop straw, biogas slurry slag, food industry processing after discarded object, kitchen garbage or
Afforestation discarded object.It is other identical with embodiment seven.
Embodiment nine：Present embodiment is unlike embodiment seven or eight：In step 5 with it is organic
Solid waste mixing be again introduced into fermentation cabin 1 carry out the moisture content of material after the fermentation of compost fermentation next time 70% with
Under.It is other identical with embodiment seven or eight.
Tests below is carried out for verification beneficial effects of the present invention：
Embodiment 1：
The method that the present embodiment carries out compost using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device, carries out according to the following steps：
First, by organic solid castoff and compost by volume 1:It is evenly laid out in every layer of fermentation tank 2 after 1 is mixed
In, height of materials is 50cm wherein in fermentation tank；
2nd, 10 layers of fermentation tank are successively fixed in fermentation cabin 1, the distance between every layer of fermentation tank is 0.1m, is then covered
Top fermentation silo roof lid 3, closes side wall 14, closes fermentation cabin 1；Middle part is located at the middle of 10 layers of fermentation tank into air outlet pipe 5, i.e.,
The lower part of middle part into air outlet pipe 5 is of five storeys fermentation tank, and top is of five storeys fermentation tank, and the depth of the fermentation tank is 0.5m；
3rd, bottom inflow valve 9 and top vent valve 12 are opened, closes top intake valve 10 and base bleed valve 13, then
Open top and the bottom draft fan 7 fresh air is introduced into fermentation cabin 1 by lower part into air outlet pipe 6, from the bottom to top with thing in fermentation cabin 1
After material comes into full contact with, after being collected through top into air outlet pipe 4, discharged by the port of export of top into air outlet pipe 4 and be passed through Odor control
System；
Then direction of ventilation is converted, concrete operations are：Open top part intake valve 10 and base bleed valve 13, close bottom into
Fresh air is entered fermentation cabin 1, air by air valve 9 and top vent valve 12, top and the bottom draft fan 7 by top into air outlet pipe 4
After from top to bottom being come into full contact with material in fermentation cabin 1, after being collected through lower part into air outlet pipe 6, by lower part into the outlet of air outlet pipe 6
Discharge and be passed through stench processing system in end；
It is every 5 it is small when convert direction of ventilation once；
4th, when temperature is higher than 65 DEG C in fermentation cabin 1, middle part draft fan 8 and middle part air valve 11 are opened, in progress
Portion divulges information, until stopping when temperature is less than 55 DEG C in fermentation cabin 1；
5th, fermentation tank 2 is taken out out of fermentation cabin 1 after fermenting 15 days, and material after the fermentation in fermentation tank is taken out, its
In part fermentation after material mixed with organic solid castoff, and be again introduced into fermentation cabin 1 and carry out compost next time
Fermentation, material is sold as product after another part fermentation.
The present embodiment replaces Traditional compost conditioner using one time fermentation material, and high temperature hair is carried out together with fresh material
Ferment, realizes one time fermentation and decomposed is synchronously completed with secondary in fermentation cabin.I.e. material have passed through hot fermentation twice, so not
Reduced by only because purchasing, transporting, storing, conditioner pre-processes triggered expense, and hot fermentation eliminate it is secondary decomposed
Process, therefore the long period needed for secondary digest process is saved, pathogen reduction is efficient.
And the fermentation method that the present embodiment is superimposed using bidirectional ventilated, shallow-layer, individual layer heap height improve oxygen mass transfer in 1m
Efficiency.And multilayer fermentation shallow slot stacking pattern is used, save significantly on composting facilities floor space.
Periodically add to fermentation cabin during the fermentation or take out Partial fermentation shallow slot, it is achieved thereby that the company of static fermentation
Continuous charging, continuous discharge problem.
Using top and the bottom universal blower every 5 it is small when convert direction of ventilation once, can so avoid by individual event ventilation cause
Local dry materials are too fast, the nonsynchronous problem of material desiccation in fermentation cabin.When system temperature is higher than 65 DEG C, middle part ventilation wind
Machine, which is opened, carries out middle part benefit wind, on the one hand improves system oxygen delivery capacity, avoids system temperature excessive, improves thing in the middle part of fermentation cabin
The ferment effect of material；On the other hand, the ventilation volume needed for different phase that ferments is different, sets middle part draft fan to reduce
The maximum power requirement of leg space ventilation wind turbine, saves the system energy consumption in composting process.
The present embodiment uses static compost method, does not set turnover panel in storehouse, without mechanical agitating operation in fermentation process.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device, it is characterised in that the device includes fermentation cabin (1), fermentation tank (2), hair
Ferment silo roof lid (3), side wall (14), top lead into air outlet pipe (4), middle part into air outlet pipe (5), lower part into air outlet pipe (6), top and the bottom
Wind wind turbine (7), middle part draft fan (8), bottom inflow valve (9), top intake valve (10), middle part air valve (11), top
Air bleeding valve (12) and base bleed valve (13), the top of fermentation cabin (1) are equipped with fermentation cabin head cover (3), and fermentation cabin is set on the right side of (1)
There is a side wall (14) that can be opened and close, the bottom of fermentation cabin (1) is laid with lower part into air outlet pipe (6), and lower part is into air outlet pipe (6)
Input end is connected by pipeline with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan (7), and the port of export of lower part into air outlet pipe (6) extends to hair
Outside, lower part is equipped with least 2 layers of fermentation tank into air outlet pipe (6) top, and the wherein fermentation tank top of the superiors is equipped with middle part in ferment storehouse (1)
Into air outlet pipe (5), middle part is connected into one end of air outlet pipe (5) by pipeline with the air outlet of middle part draft fan (8), middle part into
The top of air outlet pipe (5) is equipped with least 2 layers of fermentation tank, and wherein the fermentation tank top of the superiors is equipped with top into air outlet pipe (4), on
The input end of portion into air outlet pipe (4) is connected by pipeline with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan (7), and top is into air outlet pipe (4)
The port of export extend to fermentation cabin (1) outside, lower part is into the input end of air outlet pipe (6) and the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan (7)
The pipeline being connected is equipped with bottom inflow valve (9), and the port of export of lower part into air outlet pipe (6) is equipped with base bleed valve (13),
Middle part is equipped with middle part air valve (11) into the pipeline that air outlet pipe (5) is connected with the air outlet of middle part draft fan (8), on
The pipeline that the input end of portion into air outlet pipe (4) is connected with the air outlet of top and the bottom draft fan (7) is equipped with top intake valve
(10), the port of export of top into air outlet pipe (4) is equipped with top vent valve (12).
2. a kind of bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fermentation tank 2
Depth is 0.2-1.0m.
A kind of 3. bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 2 bottom of fermentation tank
Portion is made of perforated plate or porous masses.
4. the method for carrying out compost using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
This method carries out according to the following steps：
First, by organic solid castoff and compost by volume 1:It is evenly laid out in every layer of fermentation tank after 0.3~3 is mixed
(2) in, wherein height of materials is 20~100cm in fermentation tank (2)；
2nd, fermentation tank (2) is successively fixed in fermentation cabin (1), then covers fermentation cabin head cover (3), closing side wall (14) makes
Fermentation cabin (1) is closed；
3rd, bottom inflow valve (9) and top vent valve (12) are opened, closes top intake valve (10) and base bleed valve (13),
Be then turned on top and the bottom draft fan (7) by fresh air by lower part into air outlet pipe (6) introduce fermentation cabin (1), from the bottom to top with
After fermentation cabin (1) interior material comes into full contact with, after being collected through top into air outlet pipe (4), arranged by the port of export of top into air outlet pipe (4)
Go out and be passed through stench processing system；
Then direction of ventilation is converted, concrete operations are：Open top part intake valve (10) and base bleed valve (13), close bottom into
Air valve (9) and top vent valve (12), top and the bottom draft fan (7) is entered fresh air by top into air outlet pipe (4) to ferment
Storehouse (1), after air from top to bottom comes into full contact with fermentation cabin (1) interior material, after being collected through lower part into air outlet pipe (6), by lower part
The port of export into air outlet pipe (6) discharges and is passed through stench processing system；
It is every 2~12 it is small when convert direction of ventilation once；
4th, when fermentation cabin (1) interior temperature is higher than 60~65 DEG C or fermentation cabin (1) interior oxygen concentration is less than 8%~12%, in unlatching
Portion's draft fan (8) and middle part air valve (11), carry out middle part ventilation, until fermentation cabin (1) interior temperature is less than 55 DEG C or sends out
Ferment storehouse (1) interior oxygen concentration stops higher than 15%；
5th, fermentation tank (2) is taken out out of fermentation cabin (1) after fermenting 10~20 days, and by material after the fermentation in fermentation tank (2)
Take out, material is mixed with organic solid castoff after part fermentation therein, and is again introduced into fermentation cabin (1) and is carried out down
Compost fermentation, material is sold as product after another part fermentation.
5. the method according to claim 4 that compost is carried out using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device, its feature are existed
Organic solid castoff is feces of livestock and poultry, after sludge, rubbish, agricultural crop straw, biogas slurry slag, food industry processing in step 1
Discarded object, kitchen garbage or afforestation discarded object.
6. the method according to claim 4 that compost is carried out using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device, its feature are existed
Mixed in step 5 with organic solid castoff and be again introduced into fermentation cabin and carry out material after the fermentation of compost fermentation next time
Moisture content is below 70%.
7. the method for carrying out compost using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device as claimed in claim 1, according to the following steps
Carry out：
First, by organic solid castoff and compost by volume 1:It is evenly laid out in every layer of fermentation tank after 0.3~3 is mixed
(2) in, wherein height of materials is 20~100cm in fermentation tank (2)；
2nd, fermentation tank (2) is successively fixed in fermentation cabin (1), then covers fermentation cabin head cover (3), seal fermentation cabin (1)
Close；
3rd, bottom inflow valve (9) and top intake valve (10) are opened, closes top vent valve (12) and base bleed valve (13),
It is then turned on top and the bottom draft fan (7) and fresh air is introduced into fermentation into air outlet pipe (4) and lower part by top into air outlet pipe (6)
Storehouse (1), from upper and lower part at the same time to blowing in the middle part of fermentation cabin (1), while opens middle part draft fan (8) and middle part into outlet
Valve (11), by middle part draft fan (8) outside exhausting, and is passed through stench processing system；
Then direction of ventilation is converted, concrete operations are：Middle part draft fan (8) and middle part air valve (11) are opened, by middle part
Fresh air is introduced fermentation cabin (1) by draft fan (8) by middle part into air outlet pipe (5), simultaneously closes off bottom inflow valve (9) and top
Portion's intake valve (10), open top part air bleeding valve (12) and base bleed valve (13), air by middle part up and down with fermentation cabin
(1) after interior material comes into full contact with, after being collected through top into air outlet pipe (4) and lower part into air outlet pipe (6), by top into air outlet pipe
(4) discharge with the port of export of lower part into air outlet pipe (6) and be passed through stench processing system；
It is every 2~12 it is small when convert direction of ventilation once；
4th, fermentation tank (2) is taken out out of fermentation cabin (1) after fermenting 10~20 days, and material after the fermentation in fermentation tank is taken
Go out and sieved, material is mixed with organic solid castoff after part fermentation therein, and is again introduced into fermentation cabin
(1) compost fermentation next time is carried out, material is sold as product after another part fermentation.
8. the method according to claim 7 that compost is carried out using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device, its feature are existed
Organic solid castoff is feces of livestock and poultry, after sludge, rubbish, agricultural crop straw, biogas slurry slag, food industry processing in step 1
Discarded object, kitchen garbage or afforestation discarded object.
9. the method according to claim 7 that compost is carried out using bidirectional ventilated superficial layer static state composting device, its feature are existed
Mixed in step 4 with organic solid castoff and be again introduced into fermentation cabin (1) and carry out material after the fermentation of compost fermentation next time
Moisture content below 70%.
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| CN106946595A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-07-14 | 碧奥兰园艺科技(苏州)有限公司 | Rapid Fermentation compost case |
| CN107382385A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-24 | 山东农业大学 | Intelligent sunlight garbage compost room |
| CN109928798A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-25 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Solid organic castoff compost device and its compost method |
| CN113087554A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-09 | 西昌学院 | Kiwi fruit branch compost fixing equipment |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4233266A (en) * | 1978-09-18 | 1980-11-11 | Kummer David A | Bulk pasteurization of mushroom compost |
| CN2549005Y (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-05-07 | 刘永定 | Ventilator for aerobic fermented composts from organic garbage |
| CN101062872A (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2007-10-31 | 同济大学 | Bidirectional ventilation and pneumatic pile-turning composting process |
| CN202322659U (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-07-11 | 万若（北京）环境工程技术有限公司 | High-temperature aerobic fermentation device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0459685A (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-02-26 | Hashimoto Koichi | Device for preparing compost |
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2015
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4233266A (en) * | 1978-09-18 | 1980-11-11 | Kummer David A | Bulk pasteurization of mushroom compost |
| CN2549005Y (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-05-07 | 刘永定 | Ventilator for aerobic fermented composts from organic garbage |
| CN101062872A (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2007-10-31 | 同济大学 | Bidirectional ventilation and pneumatic pile-turning composting process |
| CN202322659U (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-07-11 | 万若（北京）环境工程技术有限公司 | High-temperature aerobic fermentation device |
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