CN106116734A - Aerobic composting device and aerobic composting method for organic solid waste - Google Patents
Aerobic composting device and aerobic composting method for organic solid waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106116734A CN106116734A CN201610455168.0A CN201610455168A CN106116734A CN 106116734 A CN106116734 A CN 106116734A CN 201610455168 A CN201610455168 A CN 201610455168A CN 106116734 A CN106116734 A CN 106116734A
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- percolate
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- drawing mechanism
- organic solid
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009267 in-vessel composting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001596 poly (chlorostyrenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerobic composting device and an aerobic composting method for organic solid wastes, which comprise a composting bin, a grate type feeding device, a screw extrusion dehydration discharging device, an oxygen supply device, a percolate circulating spraying device, an exhaust pipe and a temperature measuring device, wherein the grate type feeding device is arranged on the composting bin; the grate type feeding device and the screw extrusion dehydration discharging device are arranged in the composting bin, and the grate type feeding device is positioned below the screw extrusion dehydration discharging device. The aerobic composting device adopts a structure of combining the grate type feeding device and the screw extrusion dehydration discharging device, and the combination of layer-by-layer feeding and screw dehydration discharging plays a role in efficient and good turning, so that the materials are fully and uniformly mixed and loosened, the combination of oxygen in the air and substrates is accelerated by loosening the materials, and the oxygen supply efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing means for organic solid castoff and method, be specifically related to a kind of organic solid
The aerobic composting device of garbage and compost method.
Background technology
Organic solid castoff includes kitchen castoff, sludge from wastewater treatment plant, straw, afforestation rubbish etc..
Past processes the major way of organic solid castoff and is landfill and burns, and filling easy polluted underground water, burning then can be serious
Atmosphere pollution.
Microorganism aerobic compost is under aerobic conditions, and refuse is absorbed, aoxidizes, decomposes by aerobic bacteria.Microorganism is led to
Cross the vital movement of self, a part of absorbed oxidation operation is become simple inorganic matter, discharges simultaneously and be available for micro-life
Energy needed for thing vegetative activity, another part Organic substance is then synthesized new Cytoplasm, makes the continuous growth and breeding of microorganism,
Produce the process of more organism.
Compared with the processing mode such as burning, landfill, microorganism aerobic compost treatment organic solid castoff is used to avoid
Secondary environmental pollution, food safety risk and methane risk of explosion, be the cleaning skill solving organic solid castoff problem
One of art.Additionally, a large amount of organic and element such as nitrogen, phosphorus in organic solid castoff, these materials can not only carry for crop
For necessary nutritional labeling, and can effectively alleviate the problems such as soil compaction；Therefore organic solid castoff is carried out at compost
Reason makes organic fertilizer, is to realize the minimizing of biomass castoff, resource, innoxious effective way.
Chinese patent literature CN 101973795 B(application number 201010514582.7) disclose one and utilize compost multiple
Close the method that microbial inoculum carries out sludge aerobic compost, first bacterium solution amplification culture and domestication are obtained composite bacteria agent capable A and B, then will be multiple
Close microbial inoculum A to access in Sewage Plant dewatered sludge, bank up after mixing, cover one layer of composite bacteria agent capable B in heap surface, continue to bank up,
Until heap temperature reaches ambient temperature, i.e. complete sludge aerobic compost.
Chinese patent literature CN 103539494 B(application number 201310506314.4) to disclose a kind of storehouse formula mud good
Oxygen compost method, first sets up a storehouse formula mud aerobic composting device, has on blind patch and uniformly lay polychlorostyrene second in fermentation cabin
Alkene ball-type suspends and expects, then dewatered sludge and the sawdust mixing of sewage treatment plant is loaded in fermentation cabin；Then ventilation is controlled
Start composting process.
Above two compost method is all to be rested in in-vessel composting system by organic solid castoff, and this composting mode exists
Raw material mixing is uneven, for hypoxgia, and the problem that oxygen utilization rate is low.
It addition, as improve, some aerobic composting device uses stirring paddle to mix heap body and oxygen supply, but this
Kind of mode easily occurs material caking during mixing, mixes uneven situation, still exist for hypoxgia problem,
The problem that oxygen utilization rate is low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide the organic solid castoff that a kind of batch mixing is uniform, efficiency of oxygen supply is high
Aerobic composting device and compost method.
The technical scheme realizing an object of the present disclosure is the aerobic composting device of a kind of organic solid castoff, including heap
Fertile storehouse, also includes that grate-type pay-off, screw extruding are dehydrated drawing mechanism, apparatus of oxygen supply, leachate tail water spray equipment, row
Trachea and temperature measuring equipment；Grate-type pay-off and screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism are arranged on inside in-vessel composting system, and grate-type
Pay-off is positioned at the lower section of screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism.
Described in-vessel composting system includes warehouse, material collecting tank, percolate holding tank, feed inlet and outlet, door and stripper, material collecting tank and
Percolate holding tank is arranged on the bottom of warehouse, and percolate holding tank is positioned at the lower section of grate-type pay-off；Feed inlet and outlet sets
Put the top at warehouse sidewall, feed inlet and outlet be the charging aperture of warehouse be also the discharging opening of warehouse.
Grate-type pay-off is type reciprocating stepped fire grate, is transported to from the top down in material collecting tank by material；Grate-type send
The fire grate segment of material device is staged arrangement, and movable furnace grate plate topmost is positioned at below feed inlet and outlet, the travelling oven of bottom
Screening is connected with material collecting tank.
Screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism includes that motor, screw rod, sleeve and discharging guide plate, screw rod and sleeve tilt to set
Putting, be positioned at above grate-type pay-off, the bottom of screw rod and sleeve is positioned in material collecting tank, drives in material collecting tank when screw rod rotates
Material carry from bottom to top.
Apparatus of oxygen supply includes aeration tube and air compressor, and aeration tube is positioned in the percolate in percolate holding tank.
Leachate tail water spray equipment includes percolate discharge pipe, circulating pump, return duct, delivery pipe and spray head, diafiltration
The feed liquor port of liquid discharge pipe is connected with the leakage fluid dram of percolate holding tank, and spray head is positioned at going up most of grate-type pay-off
Above the fire grate segment of end；Percolate discharge pipe, circulating pump, return duct and spray head are sequentially connected with.
The outer surface of above-mentioned warehouse is provided with heat-insulation layer.
Above-mentioned exhaustor is arranged on the top of warehouse, and temperature measuring equipment is horizontally set on the sidewall of warehouse.
Above-mentioned stripper is arranged on the lower section of feed inlet and outlet, and stripper is rotatably connected with warehouse, and during discharging, this plate struts
Being connected formation inclined-plane with the discharging guide plate of screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism, in charging and composting process, this plate is by being placed on warehouse
On.
Further, one end of the discharging guide plate of screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism is rotatably connected on the top end of sleeve
The lower section of mouth, referred to as connects end by this end of discharging guide plate, and the other end is referred to as free end；The free end of discharging guide plate is positioned at
Above the fire grate segment of the top of grate-type pay-off, fall at grate-type from the material of screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism output
On pay-off；Or free end is connected composition one inclined-plane with the stripper below feed inlet and outlet, is dehydrated discharging from screw extruding
The material of device output exports in warehouse and carries out discharging operations.
Offering drainage aperture on the barrel of the sleeve of described screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism, aperture is 3～5mm, adjacent
Pitch of holes is 20mm.
The technical scheme realizing the present invention the second purpose is the aerobic compost of a kind of organic solid castoff as above
Device carries out the method for aerobic compost, comprises the following steps:
1. open the door of in-vessel composting system, start grate-type pay-off and screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism；Pending is had
Machine solid waste is passed through in warehouse, and the material being passed through falls on the fire grate segment of grate-type pay-off the top, and fire grate segment is past
Multiple motion, is delivered in material collecting tank along the fire grate segment of each layer from top to bottom by material, and pending organic solid castoff enters
Door is closed after material.
2. screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism screw rod material in material collecting tank is carried from bottom to top, material in sleeve
Being dehydrated under screw rod rotary squeezing, the moisture of removing flows out the thing above the grate-type pay-off of leaching side under a bushing from sleeve
In material, portion of water is stayed in material, and remaining moisture collects in percolate holding tank.
Material in sleeve flows out from sleeve top, and in composting process, the material flowed out in sleeve falls again at grate-type
On pay-off fire grate segment topmost.
3. in composting process repeat the above steps 1. and 2., grate-type pay-off makes material layer-transferred from top to bottom give
Material, screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism the material in material collecting tank is carried from bottom to top, material from top to bottom, the most past
Multiple.
4.～behind sky, compost terminates, and carries out discharging operations.
When processing first organic solid castoff, step 1. in warehouse before feeding, first to warehouse internal input water
Or the percolate of organic solid castoff, these liquid collect in percolate holding tank；Front a collection of organic solid castoff heap
Fertilizer terminates the percolate in rear percolate holding tank and retains.
Step 1. in also open apparatus of oxygen supply and leachate tail water spray equipment；The spray head of leachate tail water spray equipment
Liquid is sprayed on material；Step 2. middle apparatus of oxygen supply carries out abundant aeration aerating to percolate.
Material process and screw extruding of layer-transferred feeding from top to bottom on grate-type pay-off is dehydrated out each time
Time-consuming 30～60 minutes of the process that material in material collecting tank is carried by material device from bottom to top.
The present invention has positive effect: the aerobic composting device of (1) present invention uses grate-type pay-off and screw rod
The structure of extrusion dehydration drawing mechanism combination, grate-type pay-off makes material layer-transferred feeding from top to bottom, and material can be made to exist
In feeding process, upset dispersion, mixing, do not have the situation of large area caking, and make material have with oxygen in mixed process
Bigger contact area；Material in material collecting tank is carried, at rotary screw by screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism from bottom to top
The lower material of effect mixes further and is dehydrated；Thus the combination of layer-transferred feeding and screw dehydration discharging serves efficient, good
Turning effect, make material be sufficiently mixed uniformly and material loosened, bulk material accelerates oxygen and substrate in air
In conjunction with, improve efficiency of oxygen supply.
(2) material from screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism output has the source in the case of two kinds, and one is after compost terminates
Material exports from the feed inlet and outlet of warehouse, and the dehydrating function of device makes discharging moisture content relatively low, and screw rod discharge method makes material
Quickly discharge from outlet.
Two is that in composting process, material falls again on the fire grate segment of the top of grate-type pay-off, continues at warehouse
Inside carry out composting process.
Screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism is positioned at the top of grate-type pay-off, the percolate elder generation leaching produced after dehydration
On material on grate-type pay-off, then fall to concentrating on the percolate holding tank bottom warehouse.Containing big in percolate
Measuring useful aerobic strain, leaching process makes these aerobic strains be fully contacted with pending material, plays well inoculation
Effect；Leaching process also ensure that water content and the oxygen content of material.
(3) after previous compost terminates, the percolate in the percolate holding tank bottom in-vessel composting system retains, and spray is in virgin material
To regulate the moisture content of virgin material, contain a large amount of strain additionally, due to percolate, virgin material is played inoculation effect, greatly speeds up the later stage
The composting process of charging.
Percolate in percolate holding tank is connected with aeration tube, percolate is carried out abundant aeration aerating, thus in percolate
Containing more sufficient oxygen content, promote the aerobic sigestion of percolate；It addition, the percolate of the oxygen-containing abundance of part is transported to charging aperture
The oxygen content in material is too increased when spray is on material.
(4) apparatus and method of the present invention can be by kitchen castoff, sludge from wastewater treatment plant, straw, afforestation
Rubbish etc. are degraded to solid organic fertilizer, for soil improvement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the aerobic composting device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 device compost structural representation when terminating rear discharging；
Labelling in above-mentioned accompanying drawing is as follows: in-vessel composting system 1, warehouse 10, material collecting tank 11, percolate holding tank 12, feed inlet and outlet 13, storehouse
Door 14, stripper 15；
Grate-type pay-off 2, fire grate segment 21；
Screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism 3, motor 31, screw rod 32, sleeve 33, discharging guide plate 34；
Apparatus of oxygen supply 4, aeration tube 41, air compressor 42；
Leachate tail water spray equipment 5, percolate discharge pipe 51, circulating pump 52, return duct 53, delivery pipe 54, spray head 55；
Exhaustor 6；
Temperature measuring equipment 7.
Detailed description of the invention
(embodiment 1)
See Fig. 1, the aerobic composting device of the organic solid castoff of the present embodiment include in-vessel composting system 1, grate-type pay-off 2,
Screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism 3, apparatus of oxygen supply 4, leachate tail water spray equipment 5, exhaustor 6 and temperature measuring equipment 7；Grate-type
It is internal that pay-off 2 and screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism 3 are arranged on in-vessel composting system 1, and grate-type pay-off 2 is positioned at screw rod and squeezes
The lower section of press-dehydrating drawing mechanism 3.
Described in-vessel composting system 1 includes warehouse 10, material collecting tank 11, percolate holding tank 12, feed inlet and outlet 13, door 14 and discharging
Plate 15.The outer surface of warehouse is provided with heat-insulation layer, such as, cover one layer of heat preservation material.Material collecting tank 11 and percolate holding tank 12 set
Putting the bottom at warehouse 10, the cross section of material collecting tank 11 is circular arc, and material collecting tank 11 and percolate holding tank 12 share a part of groove
Wall.Percolate holding tank 12 is positioned at the lower section of grate-type pay-off 2.
Feed inlet and outlet 13 is arranged on the top of warehouse 10 sidewall, feed inlet and outlet 13 be the charging aperture of warehouse 10 be also warehouse
The discharging opening of 10.Being arranged over door 14 at feed inlet and outlet 13, when door 14 closes, warehouse 10 is internal is confined space.Entering
The lower section of discharging opening 13 is additionally provided with the stripper 15 for discharging, and stripper 15 is rotatably connected with warehouse 10, this plate during discharging
Strutting (being softened state in figure), in charging and composting process, this plate is by being placed on warehouse 10.
Grate-type pay-off 2 is type reciprocating stepped fire grate, is transported to from the top down in material collecting tank 11 by material；Including frame
Frame (being not drawn in figure) and fire grate segment；Fire grate segment 21 is arranged in staged, including one group of fixed grate film and one group of moving grate
Sheet, movable furnace grate plate 21 topmost is positioned at below feed inlet and outlet 13, and the movable furnace grate plate 21 of bottom is connected with material collecting tank 11.
Screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism 3 includes motor 31, screw rod 32, sleeve 33 and discharging guide plate 34.Motor 31 sets
Putting outside warehouse 10, it is internal that screw rod 32, sleeve 33 and discharging guide plate 34 are arranged on warehouse 10.Screw rod 32 and sleeve 33 tilt
Arrange, be positioned at above grate-type pay-off 2.
The motor shaft of motor 31 is connected with screw rod 32 by shaft coupling, and screw rod 32 is positioned at sleeve 33 center of inside.Screw rod 32
It is positioned in material collecting tank 11 with the bottom of sleeve 33, when screw rod rotates, drives the material in material collecting tank 11 to carry from bottom to top.Sleeve
Offering drainage aperture on the barrel of 33, aperture is 3～5mm, and adjacent holes spacing is 20mm.
One end of discharging guide plate 34 is rotatably connected on below the top port of sleeve 33, by this end of discharging guide plate 34
Referred to as connecting end, the other end is referred to as free end.The free end of discharging guide plate 34 is positioned at the top of grate-type pay-off 2
Above fire grate segment, fall on grate-type pay-off 2, in warehouse 10 from the material of screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism 3 output
Continue composting process；Or seeing Fig. 2, free end is connected composition one inclined-plane with the stripper 15 below feed inlet and outlet 13, from screw rod
The material of extrusion dehydration drawing mechanism 3 output exports in warehouse 10, carries out discharging operations.
Apparatus of oxygen supply 4 includes aeration tube 41 and air compressor 42.Aeration tube 41 is provided with solarization air cap, major part body position
In percolate in percolate holding tank 12, fraction body stretches out the gas outlet with air compressor 42 even from warehouse 10
Connect.
Leachate tail water spray equipment 5 includes percolate discharge pipe 51, circulating pump 52, return duct 53, delivery pipe 54 and spray
Pouring 55.The feed liquor port of percolate discharge pipe 51 is connected with the leakage fluid dram of percolate holding tank 12, percolate discharge pipe 51
It is provided with valve；Above the fire grate segment of the top that spray head 55 is positioned at grate-type pay-off 2.
Percolate discharge pipe 51, circulating pump 52, return duct 53 and spray head 55 are sequentially connected with, by percolate holding tank 12
Percolate the top of being delivered to grate-type pay-off 2 fire grate segment above.Percolate discharge pipe 51, circulating pump 52 and row
Put pipe 54 to be sequentially connected with, the percolate in percolate holding tank 12 is emitted.Return duct 53 and delivery pipe 54 share one section
Pipeline.It is equipped with valve on return duct 53 and delivery pipe 54.
Exhaustor 6 is arranged on the top of warehouse 10, and the air inlet of exhaustor 6 is connected with the gas outlet on warehouse 10 top, row
The gas outlet of trachea 6 is connected with gas treatment equipment.The gas that compost of the present invention produces is based on carbon dioxide, and adulterate a small amount of sulfur
Change the gases, such as exhaustor 6 expellant gas such as hydrogen to be vented by after activated carbon adsorption.
Temperature measuring equipment 7 is horizontally set on the sidewall of warehouse 10, is positioned at the lower section of grate-type pay-off 2.Temperature measuring equipment 7
Temperature sensing end to be positioned at warehouse 10 internal.
When using above-mentioned aerobic composting device that organic solid castoff is carried out aerobic compost, comprise the following steps:
1. the door 14 of in-vessel composting system 1 is opened, first to warehouse 10 internal input water or the percolate of organic solid castoff, these liquid
Body collects in percolate holding tank 12.
Start grate-type pay-off 2, screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism 3, apparatus of oxygen supply 4 and leachate tail water spray dress
Put 5；The organic solid castoff that pending moisture content is 30% ± 5% is passed through in warehouse 10 from feed inlet and outlet 13, is passed through
Material falls on the fire grate segment of grate-type pay-off 2 the top, and liquid is sprayed by the spray head 55 of leachate tail water spray equipment 5
Drench on material so that material water ratio is 40%～60%.Fire grate segment moves back and forth, by material along the fire grate segment of each layer from upper
It is delivered under in material collecting tank 11.Door 14 is closed after pending organic solid castoff charging.
2. material in material collecting tank 11 is carried by the screw rod 32 of screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism 3 from bottom to top, and material is at set
It is dehydrated under screw rod rotary squeezing in cylinder 33, the moisture of removing aperture from sleeve 33 flows out leaching below sleeve 33
In material above grate-type pay-off 2, portion of water is stayed in material, and remaining moisture collects in percolate holding tank
In 12.
Apparatus of oxygen supply 4 carries out abundant aeration aerating to percolate, and such percolate contains more sufficient oxygen content, promotes to ooze
The aerobic sigestion of filtrate.
Material in sleeve 33 flows out from sleeve top, and in composting process, the material flowed out in sleeve 33 falls again at stove
On row's formula pay-off 2 fire grate segment topmost.
3. in composting process repeat the above steps 1. and 2., grate-type pay-off 2 makes material layer-transferred from top to bottom give
Material, screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism 3 material in material collecting tank is carried from bottom to top, material from top to bottom, the most past
Multiple；Material is dehydrated drawing mechanism 3 by process and the screw extruding of grate-type pay-off 2 layer-transferred feeding from top to bottom each time
Time-consuming 30～60 minutes of the process that material in material collecting tank is carried from bottom to top.
In composting process, in warehouse 10, temperature controls at 40 DEG C～45 DEG C, if temperature is high in temperature measuring equipment 7 records warehouse 10
In 45 DEG C, improve the apparatus of oxygen supply 4 air inflow to warehouse 10, if temperature is less than 40 DEG C in warehouse 10, then by apparatus of oxygen supply 4 to storehouse
Hot-air is blasted in body 10.
The gas produced in composting process is discharged by exhaustor 6, empties after activated carbon adsorption.
4. after 15～20 days, compost terminates, and closes grate-type pay-off 2, opens door 14, make screw extruding be dehydrated out
The free end of the discharging guide plate 34 of material device 3 is connected composition one inclined-plane with the stripper 15 below feed inlet and outlet 13, from screw rod
The material of extrusion dehydration drawing mechanism 3 output exports in warehouse 10, carries out discharging operations.Compost terminates to obtain SOLID ORGANIC
Fertilizer, moisture content is 25%～30%.
5., after a collection of organic solid castoff is disposed emptying before, in warehouse 10, pending the discarding of later batch is inputted
Thing.In a front composting process, the percolate in percolate holding tank bottom in-vessel composting system retains, new in later batch for spray
To regulate the moisture content of virgin material in material, contain a large amount of strain additionally, due to percolate, virgin material is played inoculation effect, greatly speeds up
The composting process of later stage charging.
If the percolate excess in percolate holding tank, open the valve on the delivery pipe 54 of leachate tail water spray equipment 5
Door, releases part percolate.
Claims (10)
1. an aerobic composting device for organic solid castoff, including in-vessel composting system (1), it is characterised in that also include that grate-type send
Material device (2), screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3), apparatus of oxygen supply (4), leachate tail water spray equipment (5), exhaustor (6)
With temperature measuring equipment (7)；It is internal that grate-type pay-off (2) and screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3) are arranged on in-vessel composting system (1),
And grate-type pay-off (2) is positioned at the lower section of screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3)；
Described in-vessel composting system (1) includes warehouse (10), material collecting tank (11), percolate holding tank (12), feed inlet and outlet (13), door
(14) and stripper (15), material collecting tank (11) and percolate holding tank (12) are arranged on the bottom of warehouse (10), percolate stores
Groove (12) is positioned at the lower section of grate-type pay-off (2)；Feed inlet and outlet (13) is arranged on the top of warehouse (10) sidewall, input and output material
Mouthful (13) be the charging aperture of warehouse (10) be also the discharging opening of warehouse (10)；
Grate-type pay-off (2) is type reciprocating stepped fire grate, is transported to from the top down by material in material collecting tank (11)；Grate-type
The fire grate segment (21) of pay-off (2) is arranged in staged, and movable furnace grate plate (21) topmost is positioned under feed inlet and outlet (13)
Side, the movable furnace grate plate (21) of bottom is connected with material collecting tank (11)；
Screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3) includes motor (31), screw rod (32), sleeve (33) and discharging guide plate (34), spiral shell
Bar (32) and sleeve (33) are obliquely installed, and are positioned at grate-type pay-off (2) top, screw rod (32) and the position, bottom of sleeve (33)
In material collecting tank (11), the material in material collecting tank (11) when screw rod rotates, is driven to carry from bottom to top；
Apparatus of oxygen supply (4) includes aeration tube (41) and air compressor (42), and aeration tube (41) is positioned in percolate holding tank 12
Percolate in；
Leachate tail water spray equipment (5) includes percolate discharge pipe (51), circulating pump (52), return duct (53), delivery pipe
And spray head (55) (54), the feed liquor port of percolate discharge pipe (51) is connected with the leakage fluid dram of percolate holding tank (12),
Above the fire grate segment of the top that spray head (55) is positioned at grate-type pay-off (2)；Percolate discharge pipe (51), circulating pump
(52), return duct (53) and spray head (55) are sequentially connected with.
The aerobic composting device of organic solid castoff the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: warehouse (10)
Outer surface is provided with heat-insulation layer.
The aerobic composting device of organic solid castoff the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: exhaustor (6) sets
Putting the top in warehouse (10), temperature measuring equipment (7) is horizontally set on the sidewall of warehouse (10).
The aerobic composting device of organic solid castoff the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: stripper (15) sets
Putting the lower section in feed inlet and outlet (13), stripper (15) is rotatably connected with warehouse (10), and during discharging, this plate struts and squeezes with screw rod
The discharging guide plate (34) of press-dehydrating drawing mechanism (3) connects formation inclined-plane, and in charging and composting process, this plate is by being placed on warehouse
(10) on.
The aerobic composting device of organic solid castoff the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: screw extruding is dehydrated
One end of the discharging guide plate (34) of drawing mechanism (3) is rotatably connected on the lower section of the top port of sleeve (33), discharging is led
This end to plate (34) referred to as connects end, and the other end is referred to as free end；The free end of discharging guide plate (34) is positioned at grate-type and send
Above the fire grate segment of the top of material device (2), fall from screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3) material that exports and send at grate-type
On material device (2)；Or free end is connected composition one inclined-plane, from screw extruding with the stripper (15) of feed inlet and outlet (13) lower section
The material that dehydration drawing mechanism (3) exports exports in warehouse (10) and carries out discharging operations.
The aerobic composting device of organic solid castoff the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: screw extruding is dehydrated
Offering drainage aperture on the barrel of the sleeve (33) of drawing mechanism (3), aperture is 3～5mm, and adjacent holes spacing is 20mm.
7. the method that the aerobic composting device of organic solid castoff as claimed in claim 1 carries out aerobic compost, its
It is characterised by comprising the following steps:
1. open the door (14) of in-vessel composting system (1), start grate-type pay-off (2) and screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3)；
Being passed through by pending organic solid castoff in warehouse (10), the material being passed through falls at grate-type pay-off (2) topmost
Fire grate segment on, fire grate segment moves back and forth, and in material is delivered to material collecting tank (11) from top to bottom along the fire grate segment of each layer, treats
Door (14) is closed after the organic solid castoff charging processed；
2. material collecting tank (11) interior material is carried by the screw rod (32) of screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3) from bottom to top, and material exists
Being dehydrated under screw rod rotary squeezing in sleeve (33), the moisture of removing flows out the leaching stove in sleeve (33) lower section from sleeve (33)
In the material of row's formula pay-off (2) top, portion of water is stayed in material, and remaining moisture collects in percolate holding tank
In 12；
Material in sleeve (33) flows out from sleeve top, and in composting process, the material flowed out in sleeve (33) falls again at stove
On row's formula pay-off (2) fire grate segment topmost；
3. in composting process repeat the above steps 1. and 2., grate-type pay-off (2) makes material layer-transferred feeding from top to bottom,
Screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3) material in material collecting tank is carried from bottom to top, material from top to bottom, the most past
Multiple；
4. after 15～20 days, compost terminates, and carries out discharging operations.
The method of aerobic compost the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: process first organic solid castoff
Time, step 1. in warehouse (10) before feeding, first to warehouse (10) internal input water or the percolate of organic solid castoff,
These liquid collect in percolate holding tank (12)；Front a collection of organic solid waste compost terminates in rear percolate holding tank
Percolate retain.
The method of aerobic compost the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: step 1. in also open apparatus of oxygen supply (4)
With leachate tail water spray equipment (5)；The spray head (55) of leachate tail water spray equipment (5) is by percolate holding tank (12)
Liquid sprays on material；Step 2. middle apparatus of oxygen supply (4) carries out abundant aeration to the percolate in percolate holding tank 12 and fills
Oxygen.
The method of aerobic compost the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: material is filled by grate-type feeding each time
Put the process of (2) layer-transferred feeding from top to bottom and screw extruding dehydration drawing mechanism (3) by the material in material collecting tank by lower to
On be delivered to time-consuming 30～60 minutes of the process of port.
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