CN106116734A - Aerobic composting device and aerobic composting method for organic solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an aerobic composting device and an aerobic composting method for organic solid waste, comprising a compost bin, a grate-type feeding device, a screw extruding dehydration discharging device, an oxygen supply device, and leachate circulation spraying Device, exhaust pipe and temperature measuring device; the grate type feeding device and the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device are arranged inside the compost bin, and the grate type feed device is located below the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device. The aerobic composting device of the present invention adopts a combination structure of a grate feeding device and a screw extruding dehydration discharging device, and the combination of layer-by-layer feeding and screw dehydration discharging plays an efficient and good composting role, so that the materials are fully mixed It is uniform and makes the material loose. The loose material accelerates the combination of oxygen in the air and the substrate, and improves the oxygen supply efficiency.

Description

Aerobic composting device and aerobic composting method for organic solid waste

technical field

The invention relates to a treatment device and method for organic solid waste, in particular to an aerobic composting device and a composting method for organic solid waste.

Background technique

Organic solid waste includes kitchen waste, sludge from urban sewage treatment plants, straw, landscaping waste, etc. In the past, landfill and incineration were the main ways to deal with organic solid waste. Landfill could easily pollute groundwater, while incineration would seriously pollute the atmosphere.

Microbial aerobic composting means that aerobic bacteria absorb, oxidize, and decompose waste under aerobic conditions. Through their own life activities, microorganisms oxidize part of the absorbed organic matter into simple inorganic matter, and at the same time release the energy required for the growth of microorganisms, while the other part of the organic matter is synthesized into new cytoplasm, so that the microorganisms continue to grow and reproduce. The process of producing more living organisms.

Compared with incineration, landfill and other treatment methods, the use of microbial aerobic composting to treat organic solid waste avoids secondary environmental pollution, food safety risks, and methane explosion risks, and is one of the clean technologies to solve the problem of organic solid waste. In addition, there are a lot of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements in organic solid waste. These substances can not only provide necessary nutrients for crops, but also effectively alleviate problems such as soil compaction; therefore, composting organic solid waste into organic fertilizers , is an effective way to realize the reduction, recycling and harmlessness of biomass waste.

Chinese patent document CN 101973795 B (application number 201010514582.7) discloses a method for aerobic composting of sludge by using compost compound bacterial agents. A is connected to the dewatered sludge of the sewage plant, mixed and stacked, and a layer of compound bacterial agent B is covered on the surface of the pile, and the pile is continued until the temperature of the pile reaches the ambient temperature, that is, the aerobic composting of the sludge is completed.

Chinese patent document CN 103539494 B (application number 201310506314.4) discloses a bin-type sludge aerobic composting method. First, a bin-type sludge aerobic composting device is established, and polyvinyl chloride is evenly laid on the perforated cover plate in the fermentation bin. Spherical suspension material, and then mix the dewatered sludge and sawdust from the sewage treatment plant into the fermentation bin; then control the ventilation to start the composting process.

Both of the above two composting methods place the organic solid waste in the composting bin. This composting method has the problems of uneven mixing of raw materials, insufficient oxygen supply, and low oxygen utilization rate.

In addition, as an improvement, some aerobic composting devices use stirring paddles to mix and supply oxygen to the compost, but this method is prone to material agglomeration and uneven mixing during the mixing process, and there is still insufficient oxygen supply problems, low oxygen utilization.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an aerobic composting device and composting method for organic solid waste with uniform mixing and high oxygen supply efficiency.

The technical solution to achieve the first purpose of the present invention is an aerobic composting device for organic solid waste, including a compost bin, a grate feeding device, a screw extrusion dehydration discharging device, an oxygen supply device, and a leachate circulation spraying device. shower device, exhaust pipe and temperature measuring device; the grate type feeding device and the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device are arranged inside the compost bin, and the grate type feed device is located below the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device.

The compost bin includes a bin body, a collection tank, a leachate storage tank, a material inlet and outlet, a bin door and a discharge plate. The collection tank and the leachate storage tank are arranged at the bottom of the bin body, and the leachate storage tank is located at the grate The bottom of the type feeding device; the inlet and outlet are arranged on the upper part of the side wall of the warehouse body, and the inlet and outlet are both the inlet and outlet of the warehouse body.

The grate-type feeding device is a reciprocating stepped grate, which transports the material from top to bottom into the collecting tank; the grate pieces of the grate-type feeding device are arranged in steps, and the uppermost movable grate is located below the inlet and outlet. The movable grate piece at the bottom is connected with the collecting tank.

The screw extrusion dehydration discharge device includes a motor, a screw, a sleeve and a discharge guide plate. The screw and the sleeve are arranged obliquely and are located above the grate feeding device. The bottom ends of the screw and the sleeve are located in the collecting tank, and the screw rotates At the same time, it drives the material in the collection tank to be conveyed from bottom to top.

The oxygen supply device includes an aeration pipe and an air compressor, and the aeration pipe is located in the leachate in the leachate storage tank.

The leachate circulation spraying device includes a leachate discharge pipe, a circulation pump, a return pipe, a discharge pipe and a spray head. The liquid inlet port of the leachate discharge pipe is connected with the liquid discharge port of the leachate storage tank. The spray head is located in the furnace. Above the uppermost grate piece of the row-type feeding device; the leachate discharge pipe, the circulation pump, the return pipe and the spray head are connected in sequence.

The outer peripheral surface of the above-mentioned warehouse body is provided with an insulating layer.

The above-mentioned exhaust pipe is arranged on the top of the bin body, and the temperature measuring device is arranged horizontally on the side wall of the bin body.

The above-mentioned unloading plate is arranged below the inlet and outlet, and the unloading plate is rotatably connected with the bin body. When unloading, the plate is stretched and connected with the discharge guide plate of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device to form a slope, and the feeding and composting The plate rests on the bin body during the process.

Further, one end of the discharge guide plate of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device is rotatably connected below the top port of the sleeve, and this end of the discharge guide plate is called the connection end, and the other end is called the free end; The free end of the guide plate is located above the uppermost grate piece of the grate feeding device, and the material output from the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device falls on the grate feeding device; or the free end and the unloading plate below the inlet and outlet The connection forms an inclined plane, and the material output from the screw extruding dehydration discharging device is output from the chamber body for unloading operation.

The wall of the sleeve of the screw extruding dehydration discharging device is provided with small water filtering holes with a diameter of 3-5 mm and a distance between adjacent holes of 20 mm.

The technical solution for realizing the second purpose of the present invention is a method for aerobic composting by an aerobic composting device for organic solid waste as described above, comprising the following steps:

① Open the door of the compost bin, start the grate feeding device and the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device; pass the organic solid waste to be processed into the bin, and the incoming material falls on the furnace at the top of the grate feeding device On the grate, the grate reciprocates, and the material is transported from top to bottom along the grate of each layer to the collecting tank. After the organic solid waste to be processed is fed, the door of the bin is closed.

②The screw of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device conveys the material in the collecting tank from bottom to top, and the material is dehydrated in the sleeve under the rotation and extrusion of the screw, and the removed water flows out from the sleeve and leaches on the grate below the sleeve In the material above the type feeding device, part of the moisture remains in the material, and the remaining moisture is collected in the leachate storage tank.

The material in the sleeve flows out from the top of the sleeve, and during the composting process, the material flowing out of the sleeve falls on the grate piece at the top of the grate feeding device.

③Repeat the above steps ① and ② during the composting process. The grate feeding device makes the materials transfer from top to bottom, and the screw extrusion dehydration and discharging device conveys the materials in the collecting tank from bottom to top, and the materials from top to bottom , Reciprocating from bottom to top.

④ After ~ days, the composting is over and the unloading operation is carried out.

When processing the first batch of organic solid waste, before feeding the material into the bin in step ①, input water or leachate of organic solid waste into the bin, and these liquids are collected in the leachate storage tank; the first batch of organic solid The leachate is retained in the leachate storage tank after waste composting is complete.

In step ①, the oxygen supply device and leachate circulation spraying device are also turned on; the spray head of the leachate circulation spray device sprays the liquid on the material; in step ②, the oxygen supply device fully aerates and oxygenates the leachate.

It takes 30 to 60 minutes each time for the material to be fed from the top to the bottom on the grate feeding device and the screw extrusion dehydration and discharging device to transport the material in the collection tank from bottom to top.

The present invention has positive effects: (1) The aerobic composting device of the present invention adopts a combined structure of a grate-type feeding device and a screw extrusion dehydration discharging device. It can make the material turn over, disperse and mix during the feeding process, and there will be no large-area agglomeration during the mixing process, and it will make the material have a larger contact area with oxygen; The material is conveyed from bottom to top, and the material is further mixed and dehydrated under the action of the rotating screw; thus, the combination of layered feeding and screw dehydration discharge plays an efficient and good turning effect, so that the material is fully mixed and loosened , The loose material accelerates the combination of oxygen in the air and the substrate, improving the efficiency of oxygen supply.

(2) The material output from the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device has two sources. One is that the material is output from the inlet and outlet of the bin body after the composting is completed. The dehydration function of the device makes the moisture content of the discharge material lower. The screw The discharge method enables the material to be quickly discharged from the outlet.

The 2nd, during the composting process, the material falls on the grate sheet at the top of the grate feeding device again, and continues to carry out the composting process in the bin body.

The screw extrusion dehydration discharge device is located above the grate feeding device. The leachate produced after dehydration is first leached on the material on the grate feeding device, and then falls to the leachate storage tank concentrated at the bottom of the bin. The leachate contains a large number of beneficial aerobic bacteria, and the leaching process makes these aerobic bacteria fully contact with the material to be treated, which has a good inoculation effect; the leaching process also ensures the water content and oxygen content of the material .

(3) After the previous composting, the leachate in the leachate storage tank at the bottom of the compost bin is retained and sprayed on the new material to adjust the moisture content of the new material. In addition, because the leachate contains a large number of bacteria, it is harmful to the new material. The inoculation effect greatly speeds up the composting process of the later feeding.

The leachate in the leachate storage tank is connected with an aeration tube to fully aerate and oxygenate the leachate, so that the leachate contains sufficient oxygen content to promote the aerobic digestion of the leachate; in addition, part of the leachate contains sufficient oxygen When the leachate is transported to the feed port and sprayed on the material, it also increases the oxygen content in the material.

(4) The device and method of the present invention can degrade kitchen waste, sludge from urban sewage treatment plants, straw, landscaping waste, etc. into solid organic fertilizers for soil improvement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of aerobic composting device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation when unloading after the composting of Fig. 1 device finishes;

The marks in the above drawings are as follows: compost bin 1, bin body 10, collecting tank 11, leachate storage tank 12, inlet and outlet 13, bin door 14, discharge plate 15;

Grate feeding device 2, grate piece 21;

Screw extrusion dehydration discharge device 3, motor 31, screw 32, sleeve 33, discharge guide plate 34;

Oxygen supply device 4, aeration pipe 41, air compressor 42;

Leachate circulation spray device 5, leachate discharge pipe 51, circulation pump 52, return pipe 53, discharge pipe 54, spray head 55;

Exhaust pipe 6;

Temperature measuring device 7.

detailed description

(Example 1)

As shown in Figure 1, the aerobic composting device for organic solid waste in this embodiment includes a compost bin 1, a grate feeding device 2, a screw extrusion dehydration discharging device 3, an oxygen supply device 4, and a leachate circulating spray device 5 , exhaust pipe 6 and temperature measuring device 7; grate type feeding device 2 and screw extruding dehydration discharging device 3 are arranged inside compost bin 1, and grate type feeding device 2 is located at screw extruding dehydration discharging device 3 below.

The compost bin 1 includes a bin body 10 , a collection tank 11 , a leachate storage tank 12 , an inlet and outlet 13 , a bin door 14 and a discharge plate 15 . The outer peripheral surface of the warehouse body is provided with an insulating layer, for example covered with a layer of insulating material. The collecting tank 11 and the leachate storage tank 12 are arranged at the bottom of the bin body 10, the section of the collecting tank 11 is arc-shaped, and the collecting tank 11 and the leachate storage tank 12 share a part of the tank wall. The leachate storage tank 12 is located below the grate feeding device 2 .

The material inlet and outlet 13 is arranged on the upper part of the side wall of the bin body 10 , and the inlet and outlet 13 is not only the inlet of the bin body 10 but also the outlet of the bin body 10 . A bin door 14 is arranged above the inlet and outlet opening 13, and when the bin door 14 is closed, the interior of the bin body 10 is a closed space. Below the material inlet and outlet 13, there is also a discharge plate 15 for unloading. The discharge plate 15 is rotatably connected to the bin body 10. When unloading, the plate is stretched (the figure is a stretched state), and the feed and The board leans against the bin body 10 during the composting process.

The grate feeding device 2 is a reciprocating stepped grate, which transports the material from top to bottom into the collecting tank 11; it includes a frame (not shown in the figure) and a grate piece; the grate pieces 21 are arranged in steps, including One set of fixed grate pieces and one set of movable grate pieces, the uppermost movable grate piece 21 is located below the inlet and outlet 13, and the lowermost movable fire grate piece 21 is connected with the collecting tank 11.

The screw extrusion dehydration discharge device 3 includes a motor 31 , a screw 32 , a sleeve 33 and a discharge guide plate 34 . The motor 31 is arranged outside the bin body 10 , and the screw rod 32 , the sleeve 33 and the discharge guide plate 34 are arranged inside the bin body 10 . The screw rod 32 and the sleeve 33 are arranged obliquely and located above the grate feeding device 2 .

The motor shaft of the motor 31 is connected to the screw rod 32 through a coupling, and the screw rod 32 is located in the center of the sleeve 33 . The bottom ends of the screw rod 32 and the sleeve 33 are located in the collecting tank 11, and when the screw rotates, the materials in the collecting tank 11 are driven to be transported from bottom to top. On the cylinder wall of sleeve 33, offer water filtering aperture, aperture is 3～5mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 20mm.

One end of the discharge guide plate 34 is rotatably connected below the top port of the sleeve 33, and this end of the discharge guide plate 34 is called the connection end, and the other end is called the free end. The free end of the discharge guide plate 34 is positioned above the uppermost grate sheet of the grate feeding device 2, and the material output from the screw extruding dehydration discharging device 3 falls on the grate feeding device 2 and continues in the bin body 10. Composting process; or see Fig. 2, free end is connected with discharge plate 15 below inlet and outlet 13 to form an inclined plane, and the material output from screw extruding dehydration discharge device 3 is output from bin body 10, carries out discharging operation.

The oxygen supply device 4 includes an aeration pipe 41 and an air compressor 42 . The aeration tube 41 is provided with an aeration hole, most of the tube body is located in the leachate in the leachate storage tank 12 , and a small part of the tube body protrudes from the bin body 10 to connect with the air outlet of the air compressor 42 .

The leachate circulation spraying device 5 includes a leachate discharge pipe 51 , a circulation pump 52 , a return pipe 53 , a discharge pipe 54 and a spray head 55 . The liquid inlet port of the leachate discharge pipe 51 is connected with the liquid discharge port of the leachate storage tank 12, and the leachate discharge pipe 51 is provided with a valve;

The leachate discharge pipe 51 , circulating pump 52 , return pipe 53 and spray head 55 are sequentially connected to transport the leachate in the leachate storage tank 12 to the uppermost grate piece of the grate feeding device 2 . The leachate discharge pipe 51 , the circulation pump 52 and the discharge pipe 54 are sequentially connected to discharge the leachate in the leachate storage tank 12 . The return pipe 53 and the discharge pipe 54 share a section of pipeline. Both the return pipe 53 and the discharge pipe 54 are provided with valves.

The exhaust pipe 6 is arranged on the top of the warehouse body 10, the air inlet of the exhaust pipe 6 is connected with the gas outlet at the top of the warehouse body 10, and the gas outlet of the exhaust pipe 6 is connected with the gas treatment device. The gas produced by the composting of the present invention is mainly carbon dioxide, mixed with a small amount of hydrogen sulfide and other gases. For example, the gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 6 can be emptied after being adsorbed by activated carbon.

The temperature measuring device 7 is horizontally arranged on the side wall of the bin body 10 and is located below the grate feeding device 2 . The temperature sensing end of the temperature measuring device 7 is located inside the chamber body 10 .

When using the above-mentioned aerobic composting device to perform aerobic composting of organic solid waste, the following steps are included:

① Open the bin door 14 of the compost bin 1, and first input water or leachate of organic solid waste into the bin body 10, and these liquids are collected in the leachate storage tank 12.

Start the grate feeding device 2, the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device 3, the oxygen supply device 4 and the leachate circulation spray device 5; the organic solid waste to be treated with a moisture content of 30%±5% is discharged from the inlet and outlet The mouth 13 leads into the bin body 10, and the material passed in falls on the grate sheet at the top of the grate feeding device 2, and the spray head 55 of the leachate circulating spray device 5 sprays the liquid on the material, so that the material contains water The rate is 40% to 60%. The grate pieces reciprocate, and the materials are transported into the collecting tank 11 from top to bottom along the grate pieces of each layer. Close the bin door 14 after the organic solid waste to be processed is fed.

②The screw 32 of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device 3 conveys the material in the collecting tank 11 from bottom to top, and the material is dehydrated in the sleeve 33 under the rotation and extrusion of the screw, and the removed moisture is released from the small hole on the sleeve 33 Out of the material above the grate feeding device 2 below the sleeve 33 , part of the moisture remains in the material, and the remaining moisture is collected in the leachate storage tank 12 .

The oxygen supply device 4 fully aerates and oxygenates the leachate, so that the leachate contains sufficient oxygen content and promotes the aerobic digestion of the leachate.

The material in the sleeve 33 flows out from the sleeve top, and during the composting process, the material flowing out in the sleeve 33 falls on the grate sheet at the top of the grate feeding device 2 again.

③ Repeat the above steps ① and ② during the composting process. The grate type feeding device 2 makes the material transfer from the top to the bottom layer, and the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device 3 conveys the material in the collecting tank from the bottom to the top, and the material from the top to the bottom, reciprocating from bottom to top; every time the material is fed from the top to the bottom by the grate feeding device 2 and the process of conveying the material in the collecting tank from the bottom to the top by the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device 3 consumes 30-60 minutes.

During the composting process, the temperature in the bin body 10 is controlled at 40°C to 45°C. If the temperature in the bin body 10 measured by the temperature measuring device 7 is higher than 45°C, increase the air intake from the oxygen supply device 4 to the bin body 10. If the bin body If the temperature in the chamber 10 is lower than 40° C., hot air is blown into the chamber body 10 by the oxygen supply device 4 .

The gas produced in the composting process is discharged through the exhaust pipe 6, and is emptied after being adsorbed by activated carbon.

④ After 15 to 20 days, the composting is finished, close the grate feeding device 2, open the door 14, and make the free end of the discharge guide plate 34 of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device 3 and the discharge plate 15 below the inlet and outlet 13 The connection forms an inclined plane, and the material output from the screw extruding dehydration discharging device 3 is output from the bin body 10 for unloading operation. After composting, solid organic fertilizer is obtained with a moisture content of 25% to 30%.

⑤ After the previous batch of organic solid wastes are processed and emptied, the next batch of wastes to be processed is input into the bin body 10 . During the previous composting process, the leachate in the leachate storage tank at the bottom of the compost bin was reserved for spraying in the next batch of new materials to adjust the moisture content of the new materials. In addition, because the leachate contains a large number of bacteria, it is harmful to the new materials. It plays the role of inoculation and greatly speeds up the composting process of later feeding.

If the leachate in the leachate storage tank is excessive, open the valve on the discharge pipe 54 of the leachate circulation spraying device 5

door, release part of the leachate.

Claims (10)

1. An aerobic composting device for organic solid waste, comprising a compost bin (1), characterized in that it also includes a grate feeding device (2), a screw extrusion dehydration discharging device (3), an oxygen supply device ( 4), leachate circulation spraying device (5), exhaust pipe (6) and temperature measuring device (7); grate feeding device (2) and screw extrusion dehydration discharging device (3) are set in the compost bin (1) Inside, and the grate feeding device (2) is located below the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3); The compost bin (1) includes a bin body (10), a collection tank (11), a leachate storage tank (12), a material inlet and outlet (13), a bin door (14) and a discharge plate (15). The material trough (11) and leachate storage tank (12) are set at the bottom of the bin body (10), and the leachate storage tank (12) is located below the grate feeding device (2); the inlet and outlet (13) are set at The upper part of the side wall of the bin body (10), the inlet and outlet (13) is both the inlet of the bin body (10) and the outlet of the bin body (10); The grate-type feeding device (2) is a reciprocating stepped grate, which transports the material from top to bottom into the collection tank (11); the grate pieces (21) of the grate-type feeding device (2) are arranged in a stepped manner , the uppermost movable grate (21) is located below the inlet and outlet (13), and the lowermost movable grate (21) is connected to the collecting tank (11); The screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3) includes a motor (31), a screw (32), a sleeve (33) and a discharge guide plate (34). Above the row-type feeding device (2), the bottom end of the screw (32) and the sleeve (33) is located in the collecting tank (11), and when the screw rotates, it drives the material in the collecting tank (11) to be conveyed from bottom to top; The oxygen supply device (4) includes an aeration pipe (41) and an air compressor (42), and the aeration pipe (41) is located in the leachate in the leachate storage tank 12; The leachate circulation spraying device (5) includes a leachate discharge pipe (51), a circulation pump (52), a return pipe (53), a discharge pipe (54) and a spray head (55), and the leachate discharge pipe (51) The liquid inlet port of the leachate storage tank (12) is connected to the liquid discharge port, and the spray head (55) is located above the uppermost grate piece of the grate feeding device (2); the leachate discharge pipe (51), circulation The pump (52), the return pipe (53) and the sprinkler head (55) are connected in sequence. 2. The aerobic composting device for organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer peripheral surface of the bin body (10) is provided with an insulating layer. 3. The aerobic composting device for organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the exhaust pipe (6) is arranged on the top of the bin body (10), and the temperature measuring device (7) is horizontally arranged on the bin body (10) on the side wall. 4. The aerobic composting device for organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the unloading plate (15) is arranged below the inlet and outlet (13), and the unloading plate (15) is connected to the bin body ( 10) It can be rotatably connected. When unloading, the plate is stretched and connected with the discharge guide plate (34) of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3) to form an inclined plane. During the feeding and composting process, the plate rests on the bin body ( 10) on. 5. The aerobic composting device for organic solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: one end of the discharge guide plate (34) of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3) is rotatably connected to the sleeve (33 ), the end of the discharge guide plate (34) is called the connection end, and the other end is called the free end; the free end of the discharge guide plate (34) is located at the grate type feeding device (2) Above the uppermost grate piece, the material output from the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3) falls on the grate feed device (2); or the discharge plate (15) below the free end and the inlet and outlet (13) The connection forms an inclined plane, and the material output from the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3) is output from the bin body (10) for unloading operation. 6. The aerobic composting device for organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: small holes for water filtration are set on the wall of the sleeve (33) of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3). 3-5mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 20mm. 7. A method for aerobic composting by an aerobic composting device for organic solid waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it may further comprise the steps: ① Open the door (14) of the compost bin (1), start the grate feeding device (2) and the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3); pass the organic solid waste to be processed into the bin body (10) Inside, the incoming material falls on the uppermost grate of the grate feeding device (2), and the grate reciprocates to transport the material from top to bottom along the grate of each layer to the collecting tank (11). Close the bin door (14) after feeding the organic solid waste to be processed; ② The screw (32) of the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3) conveys the material in the collecting tank (11) from bottom to top, and the material is dehydrated in the sleeve (33) under the rotation and extrusion of the screw, and the removed water is removed from the The sleeve (33) flows out and leaches the material above the grate feeding device (2) below the sleeve (33), part of the water remains in the material, and the remaining water is collected in the leachate storage tank 12; The material in the sleeve (33) flows out from the top of the sleeve, and during the composting process, the material flowing out of the sleeve (33) falls on the uppermost grate piece of the grate feeding device (2); ③Repeat the above steps ① and ② during the composting process, the grate feeding device (2) makes the materials transfer from the top to the bottom, and the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3) conveys the materials in the collecting tank from bottom to top , the material reciprocates from top to bottom and from bottom to top; ④ After 15 to 20 days, the composting ends and the unloading operation is performed. 8. The method of aerobic composting according to claim 7, characterized in that: when processing the first batch of organic solid waste, before feeding the material into the bin body (10) in step ①, first feed the material into the bin body (10) The leachate of water or organic solid waste is input, and these liquids are collected in the leachate storage tank (12); the leachate in the leachate storage tank is retained after the composting of the previous batch of organic solid waste is completed. 9. The method of aerobic composting according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step ①, the oxygen supply device (4) and the leachate circulation spray device (5) are also turned on; the leachate circulation spray device (5) The spray head (55) sprays the liquid in the leachate storage tank (12) on the material; in step ②, the oxygen supply device (4) fully aerates and oxygenates the leachate in the leachate storage tank 12. 10. The method of aerobic composting according to claim 7, characterized in that: each time the material is fed from the grate feeding device (2) from top to bottom and the screw extrusion dehydration discharge device (3 ) It takes 30-60 minutes to transport the material in the collecting tank from bottom to top to the port.