CN102007043B - 大型货箱 - Google Patents

大型货箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102007043B
CN102007043B CN200980113628.XA CN200980113628A CN102007043B CN 102007043 B CN102007043 B CN 102007043B CN 200980113628 A CN200980113628 A CN 200980113628A CN 102007043 B CN102007043 B CN 102007043B
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side member
sidewall
removable side
capacity container
capacity
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CN102007043A (zh
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马克西莫斯·赫拉尔杜斯·玛丽亚·范德科尔普特
赖因哈德·洛伦茨
彼得·约翰内斯·戈尔斯
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Schoeller Allibert GmbH
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Schoeller Arca Systems GmbH
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    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/02—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets
    • B65D19/06—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components
    • B65D19/18—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components made wholly or mainly of plastics material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/02—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets
    • B65D19/06—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components
    • B65D19/08—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components made wholly or mainly of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B65D2519/00567—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements mechanical connection, e.g. snap-fitted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
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    • B65D2519/00636—Connections structures connecting side walls to the pallet
    • B65D2519/00641—Structures intended to be disassembled
    • B65D2519/00646—Structures intended to be disassembled by means of hinges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/00776—Accessories for manipulating the pallet
    • B65D2519/00786—Accessories for manipulating the pallet for lifting, e.g. hooks, loops
    • B65D2519/00791—Accessories for manipulating the pallet for lifting, e.g. hooks, loops handles, handgrip holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
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    • B65D2519/0087—Collapsible, i.e. at least two constitutive elements remaining hingedly connected collapsible pallet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65D2519/009—Collapsible, i.e. at least two constitutive elements remaining hingedly connected collapsible side walls whereby all side walls are hingedly connected to the base panel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)

Abstract

一种大型货箱，其包括底部构件和四个侧壁，底部构件设有用于叉车运输的接合开口，四个侧壁枢转地设于底部构件，至少一个侧壁包括不可移动侧构件以及可移动侧构件，可移动侧构件在闭合状态下处于同一侧壁的不可移动侧构件上方，可移动侧构件被构造为通过可移动侧构件的线性运动，相应侧壁被部分地打开，可移动侧构件在打开状态下与不可移动侧构件重叠，由此，可移动侧构件外侧与相应侧壁的外侧齐平，并且两个侧构件的厚度被构造为彼此移动的侧构件在侧壁的打开位置处在内侧以及在外侧都与侧壁的其他部分齐平，并且货箱侧壁能够向该货箱的内部折叠。通过上述配置，可以最大限度节省空间，方便货箱的堆叠，从而使货箱运输更为紧凑。

Description

大型货箱
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有底部构件和四个侧壁的大型货箱，其中，四个侧壁中的至少一个侧壁通过至少一个铰链附接于底部构件，从而使侧壁可朝向底部构件折叠。
背景技术
此类大型货箱通常是指标准尺寸为800×600mm、1200×800mm、1200×1000mm、1200×1600mm的大型货物运输装置。此类大型货物运输装置的高度取决于所需的接收能力。通常的但并非限制的，从大型货物运输装置的接触面上至侧壁的上边缘的高度为1000mm。这就限定了大型货箱远大于其它较小的货箱，所述较小的货箱是指，例如，水果和蔬菜货箱或瓶箱之类，这些货箱能够以多层上下堆叠并且彼此相邻的方式堆放在货板上的货箱。大型货箱或大型货物运输装置，尤其用于装纳散装物料，因而常常被用于运输大量食品，也可用于非食品领域、工业领域以及汽车行业。此类大型货箱体积大，并且相比较于通常的水果和蔬菜货箱具有更大的物料厚度，并且整体上更厚、更重，因此通常只能机械地、特别是利用叉车或类似的工具运输已装填的大型货箱。
为了减少此类通常用作可重复使用的货箱的大型货箱的返程运输量，其侧壁能够整体折叠或者仅部分可折叠、或可依次折叠，其中在运输状态下侧壁可被锁定在一起。用于此类货箱的此类锁定装置是已知的，它们是接合凸缘，配置在一个侧壁处并在锁定状态下接合相邻侧壁的凹槽或接合在相邻侧壁的锁定杆后，从而形成该锁定。
由DE 698 26 757 T2可知，一种货箱包括在底部上周边设置的四个侧壁，其中侧壁枢转地与底部相连，从而当返程为空载时，所述侧壁能被折叠置于底部上以减小运输量。为了在货箱的侧壁都直立时取出运输的物料，在至少一个侧壁中提供门盖，其中所述门盖通过铰链与较低的侧壁构件枢转地相连，并且能够从外面在较低的侧壁构件上折叠。为了确保在折叠状态下彼此上下叠放的侧壁构件基本与其它侧壁段齐平，所述门盖以及置于其下的侧壁构件在其外部具有波形轮廓，所述波形轮廓在折叠位置彼此叠放(reach over)，从而折下的门盖与较低的侧壁钩件一起具有不厚于相应侧壁的厚度，其中，所述门盖向下折叠置于所述较低的侧壁构件上。但是，用于大型货箱的门盖机构是复杂的，并且尤其不利的是，由于门盖必须先向外枢转再向下枢转，因此鉴于侧壁的大小很难进行该操作，尤其是对于密集的存储环境，鉴于侧壁的大小，门盖也具有较大的尺寸，所以该设置更为不利。对于散装物料，考虑到其作用在门盖上的重量，还存在这样一个问题，在打开过程中，由于该重量，门盖逆着操作者的力很快被向下折，从而使未固定的散装物料意外掉出并且被损坏。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目标是提供一种具有周边侧壁的大型货箱，所述侧壁能够向内折叠到货箱的底部上，其中，至少一个侧壁能够以简单和安全的方式打开以取出运输的物料。
根据本发明，所述目标由包含在权利要求1的特征部分中的特征所实现，其中，本发明的优选实施例由从属权利要求中的特征所描述。
本发明的特征在于，至少在大型货箱的其中一个侧壁上设置可移动侧构件，其中，所述侧构件能够相对于侧壁以线性方式从较高的闭合位置移动至较低的打开位置，并且因此经过置于所述可移动侧壁之下的侧段，其中所述侧段不能移动并且优选地为固定至所述侧壁。这就使货箱的侧壁部分打开，基于移动构件的平动从顶部沿向下方向进一步打开，因此打开过程是逐渐进行的并因此不会存在物料从货箱中掉出的危险。在打开状态，可移动侧构件遮盖较低的侧构件，所述较低的侧构件固定在侧壁处。因此，有利地，两个侧构件的厚度被构造为，彼此移动的侧构件，在侧壁的打开位置，在内以及在外都与侧壁的其它部分齐平。较高侧构件的线性可移动性使操作简单，由于打开过程中没有侧壁段向外移动，所以较高侧构件的线性可移动性也进一步实现了占用非常小的空间的打开操作。
有利地，可移动侧构件被移动至较低的侧构件前面的重叠位置(从外侧开看)，从而将可移动侧构件向下移动或向下按压时不会被置于货箱中的商品卡住。有利地，在侧构件的非打开位置，可移动侧构件相对于侧壁能够通过两个侧向设置的锁定装置而锁定。为此，通常的锁定机构就适用，尤其是锁定凸缘，所述锁定凸缘可通过锁定装置的把手元件启动，其中锁定凸缘沿着朝向可移动侧段的中心的方向被向内按压，并因此从相邻的固定的侧壁段的凹槽中移出，从而可移动侧段随后能够被向下移动。在这方面，有利地，当把手构件被构造为弹性杆时，使得打开锁定装置就产生了一个弹性恢复力，当锁定装置被解开之后，所述弹性恢复力将接合凸缘压回至其起始位置。这样形成了简单的锁定。或者，锁定凸缘可以被弹性预加载，从而需要克服弹性作用将锁定凸缘从其锁定位置压出，并且随后在释放或放开锁定装置的把手元件后将其按回其闭合位置。
优选地，在相邻的侧壁段中，等间距地设有多个锁定凹槽，因此，可移动侧构件能够被向下调整，从而或多或少地打开可移动侧构件，其中锁定凸缘随后能够接合其中一个锁定凹槽的中间位置，从而也易于在中间位置开口。
为了提供线性可移动性，可移动侧构件在其两侧包括纵向舌部，所述舌部接合设于相邻侧壁段中的相应的纵向槽，从而在其两侧提供平动支撑。这种设置有利于将可移动侧壁向上以及向下移动，而不楔入。当然，也可提供不同的支撑元件。
附图说明
下面参照示意性附图描述本发明的实施例，其中：
图1示出大型货箱；
图2以侧视图形式示出大型货箱；
图3示出具有可移动侧构件的大型货箱的细节图，其中所述可移动侧构件处于闭合状态；
图4示出具有可移动侧构件的大型货箱的细节图，其中所述可移动侧构件处于部分打开状态；
图5示出图3所示细节图的截面图；以及
图6示出类似于图3的细节图用以说明把手元件。
在所有附图中，相同的附图标记表示具有相同结构或功能的元件。
具体实施方式
图1示出具有四个侧壁4、8的大型货箱2。侧壁4、8通过铰链附接至底部构件3，从而使侧壁4、8可以向下折向大型货箱2的中央。通过底部构件3在铰链部分的不同高度而便于进行完全可折叠。至少一个，优选地为两个侧壁8包括可移动侧构件10，以便于伸进货箱的内部。每个可移动侧构件10包括至少一个锁定装置6，优选地为两个锁定装置6，并且，所述可移动侧构件10在图2中示出的上端位置处闭合大型货箱2(由图1清楚示出)的优选设于中间的开口。如图1清楚地示出，所述开口由两侧的壁段9侧向地限定。必要时，锁定装置6也能够设置在可移动侧构件10之外于壁9处。
图2示出图1中的大型货箱2，其中可移动侧构件10处于闭合状态。大型货箱2的不可移动侧构件12置于其下，其中，当可移动侧构件10处于打开状态时，不可移动侧构件至少部分地或完全地被可移动侧构件10遮盖。
图3示出大型货箱2的细节图，其中可移动侧构件10处于闭合状态。锁定装置6优选地包括凹槽13，所述凹槽13由可移动侧构件10的相应的凸缘形状的凸出部所接合。凹槽13以及凸出部有利于支撑锁定装置6的把手元件和/或形成用于把手元件的止挡部。在锁定装置6的闭合以及锁定状态下，把手元件与接合凸缘以最简单的形式相连结，所述接合凸缘接合可移动侧构件10之外的壁9的相应的凹槽，或反之亦然，其中所述凹槽未在图中示出。此类锁定连接是已知的，因此没有必要对其进行详细说明。锁定凸缘用15标示(图4和图5)。为了解除锁定，随后向可移动侧构件10的中心方向按压把手元件，将凸缘从壁9中的凹槽拉出。为此，把手元件有利地设有手柄17。在把手元件的手柄两侧上略微拱形的舌部19一体形成地设置在把手元件处，其中所述舌部接触移动构件10的竖直杆20。当把手构件被移到中央时，所述舌部被预加载，而将手拿开以后，所述舌部将把手构件沿向外方向压回至锁定位置。在所述解除锁定状态，随后可移动侧构件能够被向下压至其打开位置。当凹槽13为箭形时，锁定装置6尤其是其杆形把手元件能够以特别直观的方式被操控。因此，箭头优选地指向锁定装置6的打开方向。
图4示出大型货箱2的细节图，其中可移动侧构件10处于至少部分打开的状态。因此，可以看到处于可移动侧构件10之外的壁9中的纵向槽14。
图5清楚地示出图4中细节的截面图，其中可移动侧构件10的纵向键(key)16接合纵向槽14。所述纵向键16被构造为例如燕尾形。所述纵向槽14以及纵向舌部16有利于将可移动侧构件10支撑于可移动侧构件10之外的壁9中，而不楔入。侧壁8的两个侧向壁段9中当然可以设置有支撑槽。
在所示实施例中，可移动侧构件10与不可移动侧构件12被配置和安排为，使得可移动侧构件10向外移动达到较低的不可移动侧构件12的厚度，从而侧构件10能够向下移动至打开位置，因而位于固定的侧构件12的前面。因此，两个侧构件在打开位置重叠。在闭合位置，移动构件10的外表面与侧壁的外表面齐平。
当然，大型货箱2可包括更多或更少的具有可移动侧段10的侧壁8，并且相应地包括更多或更少的不具有可移动侧壁构件10的侧壁4。

Claims (13)

1.一种大型货箱（2），包括：底部构件（3）和四个侧壁（4、8），所述底部构件（3）设有用于叉车运输的接合开口，所述四个侧壁（4、8）枢转地设于所述底部构件，其特征在于，所述侧壁中的至少一个侧壁包括不可移动侧构件（12）以及可移动侧构件（10），其中，所述可移动侧构件（10）在闭合状态下处于同一侧壁（8）的所述不可移动侧构件（12）上方，并且所述可移动侧构件（10）被构造为，通过所述可移动侧构件（10）的线性运动，相应的侧壁（8）能够被部分地打开，并且其中，所述可移动侧构件（10）在打开状态下与所述不可移动侧构件（12）重叠，由此，所述可移动侧构件（10）的外侧与所述相应的侧壁（8）的外侧齐平，并且所述两个侧构件的厚度被构造为彼此移动的侧构件在侧壁的打开位置处在内侧以及在外侧都与侧壁的其他部分齐平，并且所述货箱的侧壁能够向该货箱的内部折叠。
2.根据权利要求1所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，在所述大型货箱（2）的打开状态，所述可移动侧构件（10）关于所述同一侧壁（8）的所述不可移动侧构件（12）向外偏置。
3.根据上述任一项权利要求所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述可移动侧构件（10）的壁与所述不可移动侧构件（12）的壁的组合具有与所述两个侧构件（10、12）之外的相应的侧壁（8）的壁（9）相同的厚度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述可移动侧构件（10）和/或所述具有可移动侧构件（10）的侧壁（8）包括至少一个用于将所述可移动侧构件（10）固定在所述相应的侧壁（8）处的锁定装置（6）。
5.根据权利要求4所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述可移动侧构件（10）和/或所述具有可移动侧构件（10）的侧壁（8）包括两个用于将所述可移动侧构件（10）固定在所述相应的侧壁（8）处的锁定装置（6）。
6.根据上述权利要求4或5中任一项所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述锁定装置（6）包括具有凹槽（13）的把手元件，所述可移动侧构件（10）或相应的侧壁（8）的凸出部接合于所述凹槽（13）中用以支撑所述把手元件。
7.根据权利要求6所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述凹槽被构造为箭形并且箭头指向所述锁定装置（6）的打开方向。
8.根据权利要求6所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述把手元件与锁定凸缘（15）相接合，所述锁定凸缘（15）在锁定状态下接合侧壁的壁（9）的相应的凹槽，从而使得通过打开所述锁定装置产生弹性恢复力，其中，当所述锁定装置被解开后，所述恢复力将锁定凸缘压回至其起始位置。
9.根据权利要求6所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述把手元件包括手柄（17），在所述手柄（17）的两侧具有拱形舌部（19），其中，所述舌部接触所述可移动侧构件（10）的竖直杆（20），并且当把手元件被移到中央时，所述舌部被预加载，而将手拿开以后，所述舌部将把手元件沿向外方向再压回至锁定位置。
10.根据权利要求1所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述可移动侧构件（10）包括在其水平侧边缘处的相应的纵向舌部（16），所述纵向舌部（16）接合所述可移动侧构件（10）之外的相应的侧壁（8）的相应的槽（14），以将所述可移动侧构件（10）支撑于所述相应的侧壁（8）处。
11.根据权利要求10所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述纵向舌部（16）包括燕尾形轮廓。
12.根据权利要求1所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，在所述大型货箱（2）的打开状态，所述可移动侧构件（10）关于所述同一侧壁（8）的所述不可移动侧构件（12）向外偏置并且因此偏置达到所述不可移动侧构件（12）的厚度。
13.根据权利要求8所述的大型货箱（2），其特征在于，所述把手元件被构造为弹性杆。
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EP2323911B1 (de) 2016-11-23
DE202009018677U1 (de) 2012-07-16
RU2011113161A (ru) 2012-10-27
DE102008047857A1 (de) 2010-04-08
US20110139674A1 (en) 2011-06-16
US8820558B2 (en) 2014-09-02
EP2323911A2 (de) 2011-05-25
PL2323911T3 (pl) 2017-05-31
WO2010031456A3 (de) 2010-07-08
ES2616584T3 (es) 2017-06-13
WO2010031456A2 (de) 2010-03-25
CN102007043A (zh) 2011-04-06
DE202009018780U1 (de) 2013-04-26

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