CN102530437B - 适用大型容器的锁定系统 - Google Patents

适用大型容器的锁定系统 Download PDF

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CN102530437B
CN102530437B CN201110295392.5A CN201110295392A CN102530437B CN 102530437 B CN102530437 B CN 102530437B CN 201110295392 A CN201110295392 A CN 201110295392A CN 102530437 B CN102530437 B CN 102530437B
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Shanghai Hongyan Logistics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP12836088.0A priority patent/EP2762421B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/078371 priority patent/WO2013044665A1/zh
Priority to ES12836088.0T priority patent/ES2616959T3/es
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/008—Doors for containers, e.g. ISO-containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
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    • B65D2519/00577—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other
    • B65D2519/00582—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other structures intended to be disassembled, i.e. collapsible or dismountable
    • B65D2519/00611—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other structures intended to be disassembled, i.e. collapsible or dismountable side walls maintained connected to each other by means of auxiliary locking elements, e.g. spring loaded locking pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
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    • B65D2519/009—Collapsible, i.e. at least two constitutive elements remaining hingedly connected collapsible side walls whereby all side walls are hingedly connected to the base panel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B5/00—Handles completely let into the surface of the wing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C1/00—Fastening devices with bolts moving rectilinearly
    • E05C1/08—Fastening devices with bolts moving rectilinearly with latching action
    • E05C1/12—Fastening devices with bolts moving rectilinearly with latching action with operating handle or equivalent member moving otherwise than rigidly with the latch

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
  • Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的目的在于提供一种大型容器所适用的锁定系统，具有操作省力，安装简单，使用时动作更加符合人们的手势习惯的优点。为实现所述目的的适用大型容器的锁定系统，包括第一部件、第二部件以及锁闩，锁闩可移动地收纳在第一部件中，相应地，第二部件提供一凹槽，以接收锁闩从收纳部中伸出的部位，其特点是，还包括把手，把手通过枢轴设置在第一部件上，可朝第一部件的外侧翻转，把手在偏离该枢轴的部位具有凸销，对应凸销，锁闩具有凹面轮廓，该凸销和该凹面轮廓接触配合以形成滑动副，进而把手和锁闩构成一杠杆系统，该杠杆系统以该枢轴为支点，把手为主动件，该锁闩为从动件，把手的施力部位至该支点的距离大于所述滑动副至该支点的距离。

Description

适用大型容器的锁定系统
技术领域
本发明涉及大型容器的可折叠容器壁的锁定系统。 
背景技术
一种容器，它包含有可折叠并可拆卸的侧板以及和侧板连接的底座，这种连接多为铰链形式。可选的在侧板上具有一个小门，它被用来进入容器内部而不需打开或者拆卸整面侧板，这种容器为大家所熟知，特别是用于转运与储藏各种物体(比如整件物体和散装材料)的大型容器。这种空的折叠式容器的侧板可以折叠，这样，容器高度大大变矮，占据空间也更加缩减，利于运回重新装货，一面或者多面侧板或者损坏的侧板均可以拆下换新的。而且，侧板上带有小门的容器，更方便人们拿取容器底部的货物。 
容器的侧板通常是在下端使用铰链铰接到容器底座上，侧板的小门也多由铰链和侧板相连接。侧板通过绕铰链转动，实现其直立和放倒的变化，侧板上的小门也同样依靠绕铰链旋转来实现打开和闭合。在使用容器的时候，侧板就需要保持直立，小门也需要保持关闭，这就要依靠一个锁定装置将它们保持在需要的状态。 
为了实现以上目的，相邻的侧板间都设置有咬合结构，也就是说侧板间的相互咬合连接提供了部分的锁定，如果将相邻的侧板再进行锁定，就可以满足使用中每个侧板都要保持的直立要求。通常的做法是在一块侧板上做一凹槽，凹槽靠近该侧板边缘并接近相邻的侧板，锁闩放置于凹槽内，相邻的侧板上具有可以容纳锁闩端部的凹坑，通过锁闩进入和离开凹坑来达到锁定或解锁侧板间的锁合。 
专利US4923079公开了一种很典型的推拉式的锁定系统。它在侧板上有一个凹槽，相邻的侧板上有一个凹坑，锁闩通过凹槽进入凹坑，另外还设置有弹簧装置来使锁闩复位并保持在锁定状态。当人们推动或拉动锁闩，使其脱离凹坑，锁定解除，侧板即可进行折叠。同样，小门也适用这种锁定系统。 
上述专利是实现侧板间相互锁定的十分简便的方法，但这种方案操作锁闩时比较费力。 
专利WO2005102852披露了一种典型的旋转式的锁定系统。它主要特征在于其锁闩具有一个垂直于侧板的旋转枢轴，当锁闩旋转时其端部通过侧板上的凹槽进入或脱离相邻侧板上的凹坑，锁闩上还具有一个弹性叶片来驱动其复位并保持锁定状态。 
该专利有效降低了解锁时所需要的作用力，但它在装配上有一定复杂度，且提供的锁定强度有限。 
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种大型容器所适用的锁定系统，具有操作省力，安装简单，使用时动作更加符合人们的手势习惯的优点。 
为实现所述目的的适用大型容器的锁定系统，包括第一部件、第二部件以及锁闩，锁闩可移动地收纳在第一部件中，相应地，第二部件提供一凹槽，以接收锁闩从收纳部中 
伸出的部位，其特点是，还包括把手，把手通过枢轴设置在第一部件上，可朝第一部件的外侧翻转，把手在偏离该枢轴的部位具有凸销，对应凸销，锁闩具有凹面轮廓，该凸销和该凹面轮廓接触配合以形成滑动副，进而把手和锁闩构成一杠杆系统，该杠杆系统以该枢轴为支点，把手为主动件，该锁闩为从动件，把手的施力部位至该支点的距离大于所述滑动副至该支点的距离。 
所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其进一步的特点是，把手收纳在第一部件中。 
所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其进一步的特点是，该第一部件为该大型容器的第一侧板，该第二部件为该第一侧板相邻的该大型容器的第二侧板，第一侧板和第二侧板均可折叠地设置在一基座上，所述枢轴垂直于该基座。 
所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其进一步的特点是，把手由第一部件的凹部接收，把手的两相对侧各通过枢轴连接凹部的两相对侧，把手在其两相对侧上各具有该凸销，锁闩具有舌部和自舌部的两侧延伸出的控制臂，在各控制臂上形成有所述凹面轮廓，锁闩的控制臂穿过第一部件的孔进入到该凹部，并通过凹面轮廓与相应的凸销接触配合，锁闩的舌部伸出第一部件插入到第二部件的凹槽中，以锁定第一部件和第二部件。 
所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其进一步的特点是，舌部和第一部件的与第二部件相邻的侧部之间设置有弹簧，该弹簧保持该舌部插入在第二部件的凹槽中。 
所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其进一步的特点是，在凹部的所述两相对侧各有凸起，相应地，锁闩的两相对侧各有长条形的导向凹槽，凸起位于相应的导向凹槽中以保持该锁闩的直线移动。 
所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其进一步的特点是，该第一部件的凹部具有至少一限位面，该限位面位于该把手的外翻路径的极限位置，在该极限位置，该把手的侧面和该限位面面面接触。 
所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其进一步的特点是，所述第一部件为该大型容器的侧板上的门，该第二部件为该侧板。 
把手通过枢轴设置在第一部件上，可朝第一部件的外侧翻转，外翻式操作更容易为操作者接收，并且把手在偏离该枢轴的部位具有凸销，对应凸销，锁闩具有凹面轮廓，该凸销和该凹面轮廓接触配合，以使把手和锁闩构成一杠杆系统，扳动把手，把手的施力部位和凸销和该凹面轮廓接触配合处有一定距离，因此通过杠杆式的把手来驱动锁闩，操作省力，并且仅仅需要将凸销装配到凹面轮廓中，就可以进行传动，因此安装过程也非常简单。 
附图说明
图1是可折叠容器的立体图。 
图2是锁定系统处于锁定状态的示意图。 
图3是锁定系统解锁操作的原理图。 
图4是锁定系统的分解视图。 
具体实施方式
如图1所示，可折叠容器，例如货箱包括具有矩形平板结构的基座8，其中可折叠侧板1、2、3、4通过铰链组件联接在基座8的边缘。侧板1、2、3、4处于竖立位置时，侧板1、2、3、4通过后述的锁定系统而结合联接，进而保持在直立状态。可选地，侧板4上设置有一小门5，小门5和侧板4之间也可通过后述的锁定系统来结合连接，以保持小门处于关闭状态。 
如图2所示，锁定系统安装在侧板4相邻侧板1的部位，包括一个把手9和锁闩10。 
在图2中侧板4的上侧为外侧，下侧为内侧，把手9从外侧看，其本体成方形的平板状，从图2中的前侧看，其上、下两侧的侧壁为三角形的平板状，图中没有示出，但是可以理解的是，从图2的左侧看，把手的左侧壁为方形的平板状。如图2所示，把手9收纳在侧板4中，因此不占用额外空间。 
如图4所示，锁闩10具有舌部15以及自舌部15的两侧伸出的控制臂151， 各控制臂151上有长条形的导向凹槽17以及凹面轮廓12。对应控制臂151上的导向凹槽17，在侧板4的凹部40的两相对侧壁上具有凸起16。对应控制臂151上的凹面轮廓12，在把手9的上、下侧壁上各有凸销11。 
如图2和图3所示，凸销11和凹面轮廓12可接触配合以形成滑动副，并可进行传动，因此把手9和锁闩10构成杠杆系统，该把手9即为以枢轴13(如图4所示)为支点的曲柄且为主动件，输出转动，该锁闩10为从动件，输出直线运动，把手9的施力部位至该支点的距离大于所述滑动副至该支点的距离。 
继续参照图4，把手9的上、下侧壁上还有枢轴13，相应地，凹部40的上、下侧壁上有销孔20。枢轴13插入在销孔20中，因此把手9就以枢轴13为轴线可相对侧板4向外翻转。同时参照图1，优选地，枢轴13是垂直于基座8的。 
如图2和图3所示，锁闩9的舌部15伸入到侧板1的凹槽14中，这时侧板1，4是相互锁定的状态。由于把手9具有枢轴13，当掰动把手9绕轴13旋转时，把手9上的凸销11和锁闩10上的凹面轮廓12的左端相接触并带动锁闩10向左移动，使其舌部15脱离侧板1的凹槽14，从而解除侧板1，4间的相互锁定。 
如图3所示，当锁定系统处于解锁状态时，把手9被掰到一个设定的角度(例如35度左右)，这时候侧板4上的限位面18，19和把手9的外侧面、左侧面为面面接触，相依靠，把手9无法再向外转动。同时参照图1，当人们抓住把手9向内折叠侧板4时，把手9将承受部分侧板的自重力。而侧板4的限位面18，19和把手9的旋转枢轴13有效分担了这些自重力，不至于把手轻易损坏。 
侧板上的两个凸起16，当锁闩10从外面插入到侧板4中，锁闩上的导向凹槽17恰好的容纳了凸起16，这样，锁闩就不会因为重力、一般的抽拔力或锁闩10自身的复位力而从侧板4中脱出。 
如图4所示，装配时，锁闩10从侧板3的侧面首先插入到侧板4中，凸起16将其限定而不能脱出，然后从正面将把手9装配到侧板4中，使旋转枢轴13进入到侧板的孔20中；拆卸时反顺序操作即可。 
锁闩10具有弹簧，例如两个弹性的叶片21，其介于侧板4的侧面和舌部15之间，用于锁闩10的复位并使其保持在锁定状态，即舌部15处于伸出的状态。当侧板4从折叠状态改变到使用状态时，旋转到一定角度时候，锁闩10的舌部15将和侧板1相碰撞，使锁闩向侧板4内部移动。锁闩10的凹面轮廓12是一个长形的轮廓，所以当其向内移动时并不会带动把手9转动。 
如图3所示，把手9的施力部位(右侧边缘)相对于枢轴13和凸销11有一定 的距离，该距离增加了力臂，因此翻转把手9的过程通过杠杆原理可知，非常省力。 

Claims (8)

1.适用大型容器的锁定系统，包括第一部件、第二部件以及锁闩，锁闩可移动地收纳在第一部件中，相应地，第二部件提供一凹槽，以接收锁闩从收纳部中伸出的部位，其特征在于，还包括把手，把手通过枢轴设置在第一部件上，可朝第一部件的外侧翻转，把手在偏离该枢轴的部位具有凸销，对应凸销，锁闩具有凹面轮廓，所述凹面轮廓是一个长形的轮廓，该凸销和该凹面轮廓接触配合以形成滑动副，进而把手和锁闩构成一杠杆系统，该杠杆系统以该枢轴为支点，把手为主动件，该锁闩为从动件，把手的施力部位至该支点的距离大于所述滑动副至该支点的距离。
2.如权利要求1所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其特征在于，把手收纳在第一部件中。
3.如权利要求1所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其特征在于，该第一部件为该大型容器的第一侧板，该第二部件为该第一侧板相邻的该大型容器的第二侧板，第一侧板和第二侧板均可折叠地设置在一基座上，所述枢轴垂直于该基座。
4.如权利要求1所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其特征在于，把手由第一部件的凹部接收，把手的两相对侧各通过枢轴连接凹部的两相对侧，把手在其两相对侧上各具有该凸销，锁闩具有舌部和自舌部的两侧延伸出的控制臂，在各控制臂上形成有所述凹面轮廓，锁闩的控制臂穿过第一部件的孔进入到该凹部，并通过凹面轮廓与相应的凸销接触配合，锁闩的舌部伸出第一部件插入到第二部件的凹槽中，以锁定第一部件和第二部件。
5.如权利要求4所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其特征在于，舌部和第一部件的与第二部件相邻的侧部之间设置有弹簧，该弹簧保持该舌部插入在第二部件的凹槽中。
6.如权利要求4所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其特征在于，在凹部的所述两相对侧各有凸起，相应地，锁闩的两相对侧各有长条形的导向凹槽，凸起位于相应的导向凹槽中以保持该锁闩的直线移动。
7.如权利要求4所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其特征在于，该第一部件的凹部具有至少一限位面，该限位面位于该把手的外翻路径的极限位置，在该极限位置，该把手的侧面和该限位面面面接触。
8.如权利要求1所述的适用大型容器的锁定系统，其特征在于，所述第一部件为该大型容器的侧板上的门，该第二部件为该侧板。
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