CN101999337A - Artificial overwintering multiplication method for horned gall aphids - Google Patents
Artificial overwintering multiplication method for horned gall aphids Download PDFInfo
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- CN101999337A CN101999337A CN 201010578997 CN201010578997A CN101999337A CN 101999337 A CN101999337 A CN 101999337A CN 201010578997 CN201010578997 CN 201010578997 CN 201010578997 A CN201010578997 A CN 201010578997A CN 101999337 A CN101999337 A CN 101999337A
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial overwintering multiplication method for gallnut horned gall aphids. The overwintering multiplication method is based on the basic requirements on horned gall aphids for ecological system elements in heteroecious holocycle growth and development processes, aims at the most susceptible key links when the aphids are out of the gall, and adopts expanded perlite or sandy loam as the moss carrier; and the artificial conservation measures of raising the aphids in moss in plastic bottles during the overwintering period and hanging the bottles on the tree in the spring are adopted. Compared with the site moss raising method, the artificial overwintering multiplication method has the advantages of simple processes and reusable materials, and the overwintering multiplication survival rate of the aphids can be increased by 65.76 to 69.04 times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of artificial child care gall nut angle times aphid based on bionic principle survives the winter and breeds.
Background technology
Gall nut is the distinctive resource insect product of China, important biology,drug and chemical industry raw material.Wild gall nut be goitre cotten aphid section (
Pemphigidae) five root section aphid subfamilies (
Fordinae) some class aphid, Anacardiaceae (
Anacardiaceae) Rhus (
Rhus) the parasitic insect gall that forms of compound leaf on the summer host tree such as Chinese sumac, redpunjab sumac root, blue or green bran poplar.The procreation of gall nut aphid has selectivity with parasitism, form different insect galls by different types of gall nut aphid parasitism, China has write down 14 kinds of aphids, form 14 kinds of insect galls (being gall nut) respectively, wherein an angle times aphid is one of dominant population, and the angle of formation times output accounts for national gross yield 70%.
Times many worms of Aphis type insect, life cycle can be divided into complete period and two kinds of complete periods not.In holocyclic kind, be divided into again with host's complete period and different host complete periods two class, a times aphid has only experience different host (summer host, winter host) could produce the knot gall nut history of life in complete period.The doubly explosion on the summer host tree of natural conditions inferior horn to late September to late October, ripe have the wing autumn to move aphid to fly out, on suitable winter host liver moss, give birth to if aphid survives the winter, survived the winter 1 year 3-4 month and move aphid and migrate and give birth to the male and female sexuale on the tree such as summer host Chinese sumac if aphid has developed into the wing spring, give birth to fundatrix after the sexuale mating, fundatrix doubly set on the compound leaf parasitic form doubly young.A times aphid autumn moves with the spring and moves in the process at the angle, because environmental factors such as host plant, the distance of migrating and weather are very big to the influence of growing of a times aphid, its autumn moves the phase lethality and is about 97.7, and the spring is moved phase lethality 93-96%(" Chinese gall nut ", Li Zhiguo, 2008).As long as times aphid autumn moves at the angle, the spring moves and take suitable artificial child care measure in the process, can improve overwintering survival rate and reproduction coefficient greatly, cause goitre fundatrix insect density and gall nut output thereby increase substantially.
Summary of the invention
The technology and method that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial child care gall nut angle times aphid to survive the winter and breed, this method production cost is low, and child care is effective, is particularly suitable for times main producing region, gall nut angle, China south and uses popularization.
For achieving the above object, embodiment of the present invention are: the technology and method that a kind of artificial child care gall nut angle times aphid survives the winter and breeds may further comprise the steps:
(1) select for use the plastic bottle of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene material to make foster worm bottle, bottle cap is porose, and bottle wall 1/4 eminence is punchinged with draining;
(2) select for use expanded perlite or sandy loam as planting the moss carrier, selecting side shoot crawl lamp moss, wet land moss is winter host moss kind;
(4) preceding 1 month of times explosion in the angle is packed the expanded perlite of saturated suction in the plastic bottle into, plants into kind of a moss, and every bottle of bright moss sowing quantity 1.25-1.50g plants moss and is placed on open-air sylvan life, or builds the management of preserving moisture of sheltering from heat or light of sunshade net;
(5) kind of plucking ripe explosion is just doubly put into receipts worm frame, receive worm frame film and cover only printing opacity, utilize times aphid phototaxis to collect the autumn of migrating and move aphid, the autumn that to collect the same day during 4-5 every afternoon moves the aphid adult and packs into and plant in the moss bottle, every bottled autumn is moved aphid 50-100 head, and bottleneck covers rubber band with nylon wire and tightens;
(6) if bottling moves that aphid gives birth on the liver moss autumn aphid in bottle, if aphid tells Bai Lasi after getting food between axil on the moss branch, forms Bai Laqiu in 5-7 days to survive the winter, and the phase of surviving the winter keeps a humidity 60-75% in the bottle.
Survive the winter in mid or late Febuary, (7) second bottle if aphid germinate into 4 age alatae, successively casting off a skin outside cured ball turns into the spring and moves aphid, remove the bottleneck nylon wire this moment, covers porose bottle cap, and rest the worm bottle and hang up to help under first stalk of summer host Chinese sumac and move.
In the step (1), support worm bottle size and be length * wide * height=120*120*100mm, bore 70mm.
In the step (2), expanded perlite or sandy loam pack in the plastic bottle height for bottle high 50%.
After plastic bottle moved aphid and migrates in the spring, can manually help again autumn and put angle times aphid and reuse.
The present invention is based in the different host's complete period growth and development process of times aphid the basic demand to ecosystem key element, at the outer key link that is subject to environmental influence from generation to generation most of goitre, take to select for use good winter host to plant moss, plant moss by plastic bottle and raise the aphid that survives the winter, hang bottle artificial child care measure bionic cultivation such as climb the tree spring.Confirm that through test this method is planted moss than the place, and to support the worm operation simple, material can reuse, and is very remarkable to improving survive the winter survival rate and reproduction coefficient effect of an angle times aphid.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with example.
Embodiment 1:
The technology and method that artificial child care gall nut angle times aphid survives the winter and breeds, concrete steps are:
1, prepare to support the worm bottle: select for use the plastic bottle of polyester (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene materials such as (PE) to make foster worm bottle, heat and moisture preserving is effective, can prevent the natural enemy invasion, can reuse again.The plastic bottle external form is hexagonal bottle or circular lantern like bottle, length * wide * height: 120*120*100mm, and bore 70mm, bottle cap is porose, and bottle wall 1/4 eminence is punchinged with draining;
2, prepare to plant the moss carrier: moss growth selects for use expanded perlite as planting the moss carrier mainly to humidity and responsive to temperature, and is in light weight, easily carrying, and the water conservation heat-proof quality is good.The local available sandy loam of pearlite-free is done and is planted the moss carrier;
3, gather kind of a moss: times aphid is got tableware certain selectivity, angle times aphid selects good winter host moss kinds such as side shoot crawl lamp moss, wet land moss to be advisable, and moss kind provenance can be selected on the spot in the normal region, needs to be gathered by the doubly farming that experience is arranged, can discern, prevent to adopt wrong the kind, influence is parasitic by mistake.
4, moss is planted in charging: moss is planted in times explosion charging in preceding 1 month in the angle.The expanded perlite of saturated suction is packed in the plastic bottle, and loading high is that bottle is high by 50%; Plant into kind of a moss every bottle of bright moss sowing quantity 1.25-1.50g, the very thin parasitic effects that influences of the excessive liver moss individual growth of sowing quantity.Plant moss and be placed on open-air sylvan life, or build the management of preserving moisture of sheltering from heat or light of sunshade net;
5 receive worms puts worm: treat that the autumn angle is doubly ripe, a moss growth area coverage reaches 80% and can receive worm when above and bottle in the bottle.Pluck the kind of ripe explosion just and doubly put into receipts worm frame, receive worm frame film and cover only printing opacity, utilize times aphid phototaxis to collect the autumn of migrating and move aphid.The autumn that to collect the same day during 4-5 every afternoon moves the aphid adult and packs into and plant in the moss bottle, and every bottled autumn is moved aphid 50-100 head, and bottleneck covers rubber band with 80 order nylon wires and tightens, and moves that aphid escapes and natural enemy is invaded the anti-autumn;
6 overwinter managements: the bottling autumn moves aphid and gives birth on the liver moss in bottle as if aphid, tells Bai Lasi as if aphid after getting food between axil on the moss branch, and formation Bai Laqiu survived the winter in 5-7 days, and the phase of surviving the winter is as long as keep a bottle interior humidity.
7, put aphid spring: survive the winter in mid or late Febuary, second bottle if aphid germinate into 4 age alatae, successively casting off a skin outside cured ball turns into the spring and moves aphid.Remove the bottleneck nylon wire this moment, covers porose bottle cap, and rest the worm bottle and hang up to help under first stalk of summer host Chinese sumac and move.Mid-March-mid-April, the spring moves aphid and migrates nearby and give birth to sexuale on times bark, and female aphid bosom is educated and given birth to fundatrix approximately January after the sexuale mating, and parasitism causes goitre at double to fundatrix on the compound leaf doubly setting;
8, supporting the worm bottle recycles: hang after a bottle spring moves aphid and migrate, if times woods temp. and humidity is suitable, the liver moss growing way is normal in the bottle, can manually help autumn to put angle times aphid and reuse again.If the bad or assorted moss of liver moss growing way spreads in the bottle, bottle can be regained recycling;
Embodiment 2:
The reproduction test of surviving the winter of the artificial child care of a polyester bottles angle times aphid:
On August 30th, 2009, on trade source, Zhangjiajie gall nut professional production cooperative society base, select four kinds of the polyester bottles (PET) of difformity, different size for use:
A 450ml pumpkin bottle, bore 70mm, long * wide * high (mm): 100*100*94
B 400ml lantern like bottle, bore 56mm, long * wide * high (mm): 95*95*90
C 450ml hexagonal bottle, bore 70mm, long * wide * high (mm): 92*90*105
D 550ml abnormity four directions bottle, bore 70mm, long * wide * high (mm): 82*82*114
Each 100 in every breeding worm bottle, systematic arrangement.Every kind of bottle is respectively charged into each 50 bottles of imbibition perlite (1) and moistening sandy loams (2), consumption to bottle long-pending half.Every bottle of lamp moss 1.2-1.5g of side shoot Portugal (fresh weight) that implants in-site collecting waters normal root water, lid sunshade net.The interior liver moss of week observation bottle all grows young leaves after planting moss, and the interior liver moss of most of bottle was covered with in 35 days.Got October 10 and ripe plant an autumn of doubly collecting and move the aphid adult and pack in the plastic cup, getting aphid with chicken feather puts into and plants the moss bottle, every bottled autumn is moved 50 of aphids, bottleneck covers rubber band with 80 order nylon wires and tightens, and Routine Management keeps humidity, naturally survive the winter, when moving aphid emergence to 1 year spring, 5 bottles of investigation spring of every processing random sampling are moved aphid emergence number, result such as following table:
The autumn of result of the test and documents and materials report moves aphid and survives the winter the survival reproduction rate only 5% relatively, and polyester bottles is planted moss and raised the survival reproduction rate of surviving the winter of angle times aphid and improve 65.76-69.04 doubly.
Claims (4)
1. the method that artificial child care gall nut angle times aphid survives the winter and breeds is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) select for use the plastic bottle of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene material to make foster worm bottle, bottle cap is porose, and bottle wall 1/4 eminence is punchinged with draining;
(2) select for use expanded perlite or sandy loam as planting the moss carrier, selecting side shoot crawl lamp moss, wet land moss is winter host moss kind;
(4) preceding 1 month of times explosion in the angle is packed the expanded perlite of saturated suction in the plastic bottle into, plants into kind of a moss, and every bottle of bright moss sowing quantity 1.25-1.50g plants moss and is placed on open-air sylvan life, or builds the management of preserving moisture of sheltering from heat or light of sunshade net;
(5) kind of plucking ripe explosion is just doubly put into receipts worm frame, receive worm frame film and cover only printing opacity, utilize times aphid phototaxis to collect the autumn of migrating and move aphid, the autumn that to collect the same day during 4-5 every afternoon moves the aphid adult and packs into and plant in the moss bottle, every bottled autumn is moved aphid 50-100 head, and bottleneck covers rubber band with nylon wire and tightens;
(6) if bottling moves that aphid gives birth on the liver moss autumn aphid in bottle, if aphid tells Bai Lasi after getting food between axil on the moss branch, forms Bai Laqiu in 5-7 days to survive the winter, and the phase of surviving the winter keeps a humidity 60-75% in the bottle;
Survive the winter in mid or late Febuary, (7) second bottle if aphid germinate into 4 age alatae, successively casting off a skin outside cured ball turns into the spring and moves aphid, remove the bottleneck nylon wire this moment, covers porose bottle cap, and rest the worm bottle and hang up to help under first stalk of summer host Chinese sumac and move.
2. the method that artificial child care gall nut according to claim 1 angle times aphid survives the winter and breeds is characterized in that, in the step (1), supports worm bottle size and is length * wide * height=120*120*100mm, bore 70mm.
3. the survive the winter method of breeding of artificial child care gall nut according to claim 1 angle times aphid is characterized in that, in the step (2), expanded perlite or sandy loam pack in the plastic bottle height for bottle high 50%.
4. the survive the winter method of breeding of artificial child care gall nut according to claim 1 angle times aphid is characterized in that, after plastic bottle moved aphid and migrates in the spring, can manually help autumn again and put angle times aphid and reuse.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102487906A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-13 | 张家界森贸五倍子专业合作社 | Chinese gall moss planting aphid raising method |
| CN102524183A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-04 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for improving yield of chinensis gallnuts by adjusting occurrence time of stem mothers by using accumulated temperature |
| CN102550361A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-11 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for regulating growth conditions of Rhus chinensis to increase yield of Galla chinensis |
| CN104081986A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-08 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for increasing yield of gallnuts through soilless moss planting and Kaburagia rhusicola breeding |
| CN109566545A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-05 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | A kind of screening technique of melaphis chinensis Baker winter host moss |
| CN109937971A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-28 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | The method of artificial feeding earwig and its application in genetically modified plants environmental safety assessment |
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| CN1934937A (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-03-28 | 刘声树 | Gallnut aphid gall life stage artificial culture method |
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| CN1934937A (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-03-28 | 刘声树 | Gallnut aphid gall life stage artificial culture method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 《湖北林业科技》 20070131 王定卿等 角倍蚜人工培育技术 70-71 1-4 , 第143期 2 * |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102524183A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-04 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for improving yield of chinensis gallnuts by adjusting occurrence time of stem mothers by using accumulated temperature |
| CN102550361A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-11 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for regulating growth conditions of Rhus chinensis to increase yield of Galla chinensis |
| CN102550361B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-05 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for regulating growth conditions of Rhus chinensis to increase yield of Galla chinensis |
| CN102524183B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-10-09 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for improving yield of chinensis gallnuts by adjusting occurrence time of stem mothers by using accumulated temperature |
| CN102487906A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-13 | 张家界森贸五倍子专业合作社 | Chinese gall moss planting aphid raising method |
| CN104081986A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-08 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for increasing yield of gallnuts through soilless moss planting and Kaburagia rhusicola breeding |
| CN104081986B (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-03-23 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Plant moss without soil and support the method that aphid increases tripe times output |
| CN109566545A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-05 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | A kind of screening technique of melaphis chinensis Baker winter host moss |
| CN109937971A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-28 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | The method of artificial feeding earwig and its application in genetically modified plants environmental safety assessment |
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Address after: 427000 Xixi Zhangjiajie Zhangjiajie science and Technology Industrial Zone, Yongding District, Hunan Patentee after: JIURUI BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY CO.,LTD. Address before: 427000 Xixi Zhangjiajie Zhangjiajie science and Technology Industrial Zone, Yongding District, Hunan Patentee before: ZHANGJIAJIE AOWEI SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Denomination of invention: A Method of Artificial Conservation and Overwintering Reproduction of the Horned Aphid Effective date of registration: 20230628 Granted publication date: 20130130 Pledgee: Bank of Communications Co.,Ltd. Zhangjiajie branch Pledgor: JIURUI BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023980046143 |