CN1019923C - 电气双层电容器 - Google Patents

电气双层电容器 Download PDF

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CN1019923C
CN1019923C CN90107187A CN90107187A CN1019923C CN 1019923 C CN1019923 C CN 1019923C CN 90107187 A CN90107187 A CN 90107187A CN 90107187 A CN90107187 A CN 90107187A CN 1019923 C CN1019923 C CN 1019923C
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sintered electrode
electrode polarization
collector body
conductive metal
layer capacitor
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CN1049933A (zh
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仓林研
土屋善信
仁井田赖明
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
    • H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/66—Current collectors
    • H01G11/72—Current collectors specially adapted for integration in multiple or stacked hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电气双层电容器，其集电体1和烧结极化电极2是经其各表面上所形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜进行接触的，从而可使接触电阻减至最小。

Description

本发明涉及的电气双层电容器，其集电体和烧结极化电极之间的接触电阻很小。
以往的电气双层电容器如图4所示。图4中，1为集电体、2为烧结极化电极、3为隔板（separator）、4为垫圈（gasket）、A为集电体1和烧结极化电极2的接触部分。
集电体1例如可使用导电的橡胶薄片制成，垫圈4例如可使用非导电的橡胶制成。又隔板3采用离子透过性绝缘的材料。这类材料可使用例如聚丙烯（polypropylene）多孔质膜。烧结极化电极2是以该隔板3为界相对配置的。
烧结极化电极2，是将活性炭粉末经烧结形成有固定形状的板状，且其中含浸有电解液（例如稀硫酸）而制成的。此外，还知电气双层电容器的极化电极可由活性炭粉末和电解液混合制成糊状物，但本发明是和使用前述烧结后使形状固定为板状的极化电极的电气双层电容器有关。
一般认为垫圈4是筒状的，并在其内部大致中央部分配置分隔上下两部分的隔板3。而且，隔板3的上部和下部充填烧结极化电极2。并设置集电体1以覆盖烧结极化电极2和垫圈4。
垫圈4和集电体1与隔板3相接合，并使集电体1与烧结极化电极2的表面相接触。上面所述的接合，是使用粘接剂，或通过加热熔化进行的。
此外，与电气双层电容器有关的文献为特开昭49-8753号公报和特开昭62-292612号公报。
但是，在前面所述的使用烧结极化电极2的电气双层电容器中，存在着诸如集电体1和烧结极化电极2的接触部分A的接触电阻大的问题。
若从微观上看烧结极化电极2的表面，就显现为活性炭粒子到处突出而成的凹凸面。而另一方面，集电体1是含有导电粒子的橡胶薄片。
在使两者这样接触时，烧结极化电极2的活性炭粒子的凸起部分与集电体1的导电粒子幸而接触处的电阻较小，而他处电阻较大。因此，接触部分A的接触电阻，无论如何也无法变小。
本发明就是以解决这样的问题为课题的发明。
为了解决前述课题，在本发明中，为使集电体和烧结极化电极的接触部分的电阻减小，而提出下面的手段。
即在本发明的电气双层电容器中，集电体和烧结极化电极是通过各自的表面上形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜，而相互接触的。
在集电体表面上形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜是在电阻几乎没有的状态下附着到集电体表面出现的导电性粒子上，并且在集电体表面上提供大面积的导电层。
烧结极化电极的表面上形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜，也同样地，在电阻几乎没有的状态下附着到烧结极化电极的表面上所出现的活性炭粒子上，并且在烧结极化电极的表面上提供大面积导电层。
因而，如使集电体和烧结极化电极通过各自形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜而接触，则集电体和烧结极化电极的接触电阻变成极小。
以下，基于附图详细地说明本发明的实施例。
图1是本发明的实施例中的电气双层电容器。其符号和图4相对应。另外，5是集电体1表面上所形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜，6是烧结极化电极2的表面上所形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜。
图2示出了蒸镀了良导电性金属蒸镀膜5的集电体1，图3示出了蒸镀了良导电性金属蒸镀膜6的烧结极化电极2。另外，在欧洲专利公报EP-A1-112923的图8中示出了使集电体与极化电极呈一体的技术，但本发明与此不同。从图2、图3明白，不是使集电体1与烧结极化电极2成为一体的，它们始终是分体的，蒸镀成为一体的是良导电性金属蒸镀膜5、6。
蒸镀的良导电性金属，可使用例如金（Au）、银（Ag）、铂（Pt）、铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）等。蒸镀是使用真空蒸镀装置进行的。要蒸镀的金属放置在蒸发源灯丝（filament）或舟皿（boat）上。在真空度为5×10-4-10-5mmHg的气氛中进行蒸镀。另外，蒸镀膜最好只在集电体1和烧结极化电极2相互接触的部分上形成。
由于集电体1表面的活性炭粒子上牢固地加上良导电性金属蒸镀膜5，所以活性炭粒子和良导电性金属蒸镀膜5之间的电阻小得可以忽略不计。烧结极化电极2的表面的导电性粒子和良导电性金属蒸镀膜6之间的电阻亦同样。另外，良导电性金属蒸镀膜5、6的表面一般是光滑的。
这样形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜的结果是在集电体1和烧结极化电极2的接触部分的表面具有光滑且均匀扩散的良导电性金属层。集电体1和烧结极化电极2之间的接触由于都是在良导电性金属层进行的，故接触电阻极小。
综上所述，在本发明的电气双层电容器中，由于作成集电体和烧结极化电极的接触是经它们上面形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜进行的，故可使其接触电阻减小。
图1为本发明的实施例中的电气双层电容器的图。
图2为蒸镀了良导电性金属的集电体的图。
图3为蒸镀了良导电性金属的烧结极化电极的图。
图4为现有的电气双层电容器的图。
图中，1是集电体，2是烧结极化电极，3是隔板，4是垫圈，5、6是良导电性金属蒸镀膜，A是接触部分。

Claims (1)

1、一种电气双层电容器具有：离子透过性绝缘隔板；以该隔板为界相对配置的烧结极化电极；配置于与隔板不邻接的烧结极化电极一侧，并与所述烧结极化电极分体的集电体，其特征在于其集电体和烧结极化电极是经其各自的表面上所形成的良导电性金属蒸镀膜进行接触的。
CN90107187A 1989-08-30 1990-08-20 电气双层电容器 Expired - Fee Related CN1019923C (zh)

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JP89-224024 1989-08-30
JP224024/89 1989-08-30
JP1224024A JPH0666229B2 (ja) 1989-08-30 1989-08-30 電気二重層コンデンサ

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CN1019923C true CN1019923C (zh) 1993-02-17

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US (1) US5072336A (zh)
EP (1) EP0415096B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH0666229B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR910005343A (zh)
CN (1) CN1019923C (zh)
CA (1) CA2023642C (zh)
DE (1) DE69010593T2 (zh)

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CA2023642A1 (en) 1991-03-01
EP0415096A2 (en) 1991-03-06
CN1049933A (zh) 1991-03-13
JPH0387010A (ja) 1991-04-11
KR910005343A (ko) 1991-03-30
US5072336A (en) 1991-12-10
DE69010593D1 (de) 1994-08-18
DE69010593T2 (de) 1995-03-23
JPH0666229B2 (ja) 1994-08-24
EP0415096A3 (en) 1991-07-31
CA2023642C (en) 1995-10-24
EP0415096B1 (en) 1994-07-13

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