CN101985878A - Tunnel mining machine - Google Patents
Tunnel mining machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101985878A CN101985878A CN 201010517286 CN201010517286A CN101985878A CN 101985878 A CN101985878 A CN 101985878A CN 201010517286 CN201010517286 CN 201010517286 CN 201010517286 A CN201010517286 A CN 201010517286A CN 101985878 A CN101985878 A CN 101985878A
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Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel mining machine, which belongs to mining tunneling equipment. The tunnel mining machine comprises a chassis (1), a crawler travel mechanism (2), a rotary base (3), a large arm (5), a mining mechanism (6) and an operation device, wherein the rotary base (3) is arranged on the chassis (1); a main machine is driven by a power unit which is a motor; the power of the whole machine is supplied by an external power distribution device; an ore conveying channel is arranged under the chassis (1) or an ore conveying mechanism is arranged above the crawler of the crawler travel mechanism (2); and the mining mechanism (6) is arranged on the large arm (5). The tunnel mining machine has a simple structure, facilitates ore conveying, saves a working space when mining in a tunnel, can freely walk and move and be remotely controlled, and realizes integrated uninterrupted mining operation with high mining efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Mars Miner, relate in particular to a kind of tunnel Mars Miner.Belong to the mining heading equipment.
Background technology
At present, what generally adopt in the laneway type mining is to dig many shot holes with hammer drill on production face, in each shot hole, fill out explosive then, ignite simultaneously and carry out explosion, can produce very big smog and dust in the air of tunnel after the explosion, by ventilation equipment vapour discharge and dust, the ore cleaning with fragmentation afterwards transports subsequently.This traditional operating type efficient is lower, because can not carry out continuous mining operations, need to dig shot hole, explosion, ventilates, gets sequence of operations such as ore deposit, and work efficiency is lower, and safety is relatively poor, and per tour can only be exploited the ore about 50 tons, and output is limited.The Chinese patent notification number is: CN201202474Y, notice of authorization day is: the utility model patent on March 4th, 2009 discloses a kind of multifunctional all-hydraulic chain slot type shovel dress hammer drill, comprise the chassis walking mechanism, the front portion installation that is positioned at the chassis walking mechanism has the scraper bowl of bucket tooth and coupled switching mechanism, the top that is positioned at the chassis walking mechanism is provided with collection feeding hydraulic link tray conveyer structure, double-power hydraulic pumping station system and interlocking-type multipath hydraulic control operation system, the rock drilling device has been set up in the both sides that are positioned at collection feeding hydraulic link tray conveyer structure, can be applicable to narrow and small constructing tunnel and metal, the nonmetal tunnel operation that waits the mining industry has mineral aggregate and loads, carry and the hole in multiple function such as rock drilling operation.But the rock drilling device in this technical scheme is to be used to dig shot hole, still need carry out bursting work, carry out the muck operation with scraper bowl again after the explosion, complex structure, be still the used equipment of traditional mining technology, in the tunnel, do not possess the mining function, and this equipment adopts internal combustion engine as power set, in use can in the tunnel, discharge a large amount of waste gas.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is does not have directly the defective and the deficiency of winning equipment continuously in the existing mining technology based on explosive, provides a kind of simple in structure, and volume is small and exquisite, and is easy to operate, need not to use explosive, can carry out the tunnel Mars Miner of continuous mining.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of tunnel Mars Miner, comprise the chassis, creeper undercarriage, rotary table, big arm, mining mechanism and manipulation device, rotary table is installed on the chassis, main frame is driven by power set, described power set are motor, and complete machine is by the external power supply of power distribution equipment, and the below on described chassis is provided with the ore transfer passage or is provided with the ore conveying mechanism above the crawler belt of creeper undercarriage.
Described chassis is the door type of middle part projection, is fixed with the ore conveying mechanism in the bottom on chassis.
Ore conveying mechanism one end of described crawler belt top extends the front of creeper undercarriage one end to the lower edge, and the other end of ore conveying mechanism extends the front of the creeper undercarriage other end.
The feed end of corresponding ore conveying mechanism is provided with the shovel feed device on described chassis and/or the creeper undercarriage.
Described ore conveying mechanism is by the belt support, belt and belt pulley are formed, the belt support is fixed on chassis and/or the creeper undercarriage, and the drive pulley in the described belt pulley is arranged on the discharge end of feed belt, and the negative pulley wheel in the belt pulley is arranged on the feed end of feed belt.
On the rotary table of top, described chassis, be provided with driver's seat at a side relative with big arm.
The neighboring of corresponding driver's seat is provided with safty shield on the described rotary table.
Mining mechanism is installed on the described big arm, and described mining mechanism is hydraulic hammer or pneumatic mallet or electrically operated hammer or for milling digging machine, the source of the gas of described pneumatic mallet is from the pipeline pressure air.
Described manipulation device is the distance type manipulation device, and the controller in the distance type manipulation device is remote controller or straighforward operation dish.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, compact conformation of the present invention, adopt motor as the main frame power source, hydraulic hammer or beche or electrically operated hammer directly are installed on the big arm or are milled digging machine and come exploitated ore, and the below on the chassis of Mars Miner or crawler belt top the ore conveying mechanism is installed, make things convenient for the conveying of ore, saved the working space of in the tunnel, digging up mine.
2, the present invention is in tunnel mining or digging process, a series of numerous and diverse operations such as cutting shot hole in the past, explosion, ventilation have been saved, adopt and directly Mars Miner to be opened in the tunnel with digging up mine mechanism such as hydraulic hammer or mill digging machine and carry out mining, do not need to carry out explosion, Environmental Safety, no exhaust emission has ensured mining personnel's health and safety.
3, the present invention also can be transported to the ore of fragmentation beyond the scope of operation of tunnel in mining by the ore conveying mechanism, realized integrated free of discontinuities mining, and Mars Miner of the present invention can walking freely moves and can carry out straighforward operation, the mining efficiency height is particularly suitable for the mining in the narrow.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of first kind of structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of second kind of structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of Fig. 4.
Among the figure: chassis 1, creeper undercarriage 2, rotary table 3, driver's seat 4, big arm 5, mining mechanism 6, drill steel 7, belt 8, belt pulley 9, shovel feed device 10, safty shield 11.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with description of drawings and the specific embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the present invention improves and a kind of tunnel Mars Miner of proposing existing crawler-mounted excavator, comprise chassis 1, creeper undercarriage 2, rotary table 3, big arm 5, mining mechanism 6 and manipulation device, rotary table 3 is installed on the chassis 1, main frame is driven by power set, it is characterized in that: described power set are motor, complete machine is by the external power supply of power distribution equipment, and the below on described chassis 1 is provided with the ore transfer passage or is provided with the ore conveying mechanism above the crawler belt of creeper undercarriage 2.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, among Fig. 3, described chassis 1 is the door type of middle part projection, has constituted the ore transfer passage, can be below chassis 1 projection the space in lay as conveyor, chain scraper conveyor, steel rail laying, ore conveyer such as operation mine car etc. will 1 bottom be delivered to the other end of tunnel Mars Miner and be sent by forklift or conveyor etc. from the chassis from the ore of tunnel scope of operation collection.Preferably 1 bottom is fixed with the ore conveying mechanism on the chassis as Fig. 2, and the ore conveying mechanism can be fixed on the inboard that also can be fixed on creeper undercarriage 2 on the bottom surface on chassis 1, and the ore conveying mechanism can be pushed ahead in the lump with the tunnel Mars Miner.Described ore conveying mechanism can be equipment such as conveyor, chain scraper conveyor.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5, among Fig. 6, the door type structure of middle part projection also can not be adopted on described chassis 1, and the ore conveying mechanism is fixed on the top of side crawler belt in the creeper undercarriage 2 or both sides crawler belt, with the convenient ore of gathering of carrying.As Fig. 4, the ore conveying mechanism is fixed on the top of a side crawler belt, and at this moment, The One On The Chassis rotary table 3 can depart from the longitudinal axis setting on chassis, so that be that the ore conveying mechanism of a side is reserved enough width.Ore conveying mechanism one end of described crawler belt top extends the front of creeper undercarriage 2 one ends to the lower edge, and the other end of ore conveying mechanism extends the front of creeper undercarriage 2 other ends.So that will be delivered to the rear of tunnel Mars Miner from the ore of the tunnel scope of operation collection in Mars Miner the place ahead, tunnel.Described ore conveying mechanism also can be equipment such as conveyor, chain scraper conveyor.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 6, in order to improve the transfer efficiency of ore conveying mechanism, can also on described chassis 1 and/or creeper undercarriage 2, be provided with shovel feed device 10 by the feed end of corresponding ore conveying mechanism.For chassis 1 is the door type of middle part projection, the structure of ore conveying mechanism is set below chassis 1, the front portion of shovel feed device 10 is that the front is that slope shape and both sides are the scraper bowl structure on inclined-plane, the width of this scraper bowl can be the width of complete machine more than or equal to creeper undercarriage 2, and the height on positive slope is more than or equal to the height of ore conveying mechanism feed end on the scraper bowl.When the Mars Miner tunnel scope of operation forwards in tunnel advanced, shovel feed device 10 can enter the ore shoveling in the tunnel feed end of ore conveying mechanism, delivered to the discharge end discharge at Mars Miner rear, tunnel then through the ore conveying mechanism.Be arranged on creeper undercarriage 2 one sides or be separately positioned on the structure of both sides crawler belts top for the ore conveying mechanism, its shovel feed device 10 can correspondence be designed to the positive slope that is, one side is a wide-angle monocline face, another side is the scraper bowl structure on straight flange or low-angle inclined-plane, can realize equally to the gather materials function of feeding of ore conveying mechanism feed end.Advance adjustable for height liftable structure but also shovel feed device 10 can be designed to shovel, so that the propelling of shovel feed device 10 and gathering materials.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, among Fig. 5, described ore conveying mechanism is by the belt support, and belt 8 and belt pulley 9 are formed, the belt support is fixed on chassis 1 and/or the creeper undercarriage 2, drive pulley in the described belt pulley 9 is arranged on the discharge end of feed belt, and the negative pulley wheel in the belt pulley 9 is arranged on the feed end of feed belt, so that the conveying of ore materials.
Be subjected to the restriction of lane space and consider from the angle of job safety, on the rotary table 3 of 1 top, described chassis, a side relative with big arm 5 is provided with driver's seat 4, be about to driver's seat 4 from move near a side of the scope of operation or side on the rotary table 3 away from the scope of operation one side.Driver's seat 4 can be arranged on the rotary table 3 away from the angle of the scope of operation one side or on the outside, so that operating personnel observe and handle the operation of the tunnel scope of operation.Can also be provided with safty shield 11 in the neighboring of corresponding driver's seat 4 on described rotary table 3, the preceding of driver's seat 4 can be provided with manipulation device.Operating personnel operate in safty shield 11 inside away from rotary table 3 rear portions of big arm 5, when having avoided mining, the potential safety hazard that broken ore splashes operating personnel are caused also away from the dust pollution of mining, has been guaranteed operating personnel's personal safety and health.Described manipulation device can be shank type or push button operating table surface, is preferably the distance type manipulation device, and the controller in the distance type manipulation device is remote controller or straighforward operation dish.Operating personnel can also leave the tunnel Mars Miner like this, and at rear, tunnel remote operation remote controller or the straighforward operation dish away from tunnel, the place ahead scope of operation, straighforward operation tunnel Mars Miner is dug up mine and ore is carried operation.Both improved operating efficiency, also reduced Mars Miner mining dust and noise pollution, reduced the security risk of mining, help ensureing operating personnel personal safety and physical and mental health.
The present invention directly installs mining mechanism 6 on described big arm 5, little to adapt to the tunnel scope of operation, the requirement that spatial altitude is low, the load direction of big arm 5 and the force direction of mining mechanism 6 are consistent as much as possible, so the mining mechanism 6 of bigger specification can be installed, and can bear bigger impact load.For hardness higher iron ore or nonferrous metals ore or nonmetallic ore tunnel, described mining mechanism 6 can be hydraulic hammer or beche or electrically operated hammer, and the source of the gas of described pneumatic mallet is from the pipeline pressure air.Carry out mining by the drill steel on each power hammer 7.For hardness lower colliery or nonferrous metals ore or nonmetallic ore tunnel, described mining mechanism 6 can match mills digging machine, realizes that milling milling of digging machine digs operation, to improve operating efficiency.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, chassis 1 is the fluted body that Open Side Down, the chassis that the bottom surface on chassis 1 aspect ratio overhead is traditional wants high, and forms bigger space between the ground, is convenient to install below chassis 1 the ore conveying mechanism, the ore conveying mechanism can be installed on the ground, also can be fixed on chassis 1 and or creeper undercarriage 2 on, the ore conveying mechanism can adopt the conveyor of forming as by belt support, belt 8 and belt pulley 9, and ore can be exported 1 below from the chassis.Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, also the ore conveying mechanism of being made up of belt support, belt 8 and belt pulley 9 can be installed on the one or both sides of 1 upper end, chassis, ore is transported to rear away from the scope of operation through the belt 8 of 1 top, chassis, is transported to outside the tunnel by forklift or other conveyors or conveying mechanism again.
The working host of Mars Miner of the present invention adopts motor-driven, the power set that are described main frame are motor, complete machine is by the external power supply of power distribution equipment, power distribution equipment can be power frame or cable, by motor drives hydraulic pump and related valves still to hydraulic work system, creeper undercarriage 2 in the present invention, slew gear, big arm 5, the ore conveying mechanism such as the hydraulic motor conveyor of mining mechanism 6 and hydraulic power provide power, so just can effectively avoid discharging the waste gas that internal combustion engine produces, help sending the air quality in the tunnel, also need not to be provided with generator provides as illumination and the required electric power of starting apparatus combustion engine, and employing during machine operation noise less, volume is also less.If the ore conveying mechanism adopts electronic conveyor, then can directly pass through the external power supply of power distribution equipment, power is provided.Rear portion at rotary table 3 close vehicle bodies is provided with driver's seat 4, and operating personnel can be sitting on the driver's seat 4 and handle Mars Miner, also can carry out straighforward operation by the remote-control apparatus that links to each other with the tunnel Mars Miner.When adopting hydraulic hammer, by the Motor Drive hydraulic system, when adopting electrically operated hammer, directly by the driven by power of external power supply, when adopting pneumatic mallet, the source of the gas of described pneumatic mallet is from pipeline compressed air.Generally be outside equipped with air compressor, compressed air delivered in the tunnel of mining, use for the pneumatic mallet connection of tunnel of the present invention Mars Miner by pipeline at mine.
Tunnel of the present invention Mars Miner adopts the motor mechanomotive force of deciding, comparing with traditional internal combustion engine main frame does not have exhaust emissions, save the needed ventilation equipment of employing internal combustion engine main frame discharging tail gas, saved cost, also eliminated the tail gas pollution of internal combustion engine simultaneously.
Because tunnel of the present invention Mars Miner is provided with the ore transfer passage, make its compact conformation, its complete machine width both sides near the tunnel of can trying one's best are when span length is 2 meters, when highly being 2.5 meters, the width of complete machine of the present invention can reach 1.6～1.8 meters, height can reach 1.6～1.8 meters, is suitable for directly driving into tunnel the inside operation, and is small and exquisite flexible, and complete machine power is bigger, can satisfy the mining requirement of high rigidity mine.Tunnel of the present invention Mars Miner also can carry out straighforward operation simultaneously, safety is good, mining function in tunnel of the present invention walking is moved in continuous exploitation and tunneling process, carries out uninterrupted operation, the mechanization degree height, make the efficient of exploitated ore increase substantially, for the metallic ore tunnel scope of operation, a day driving amount can reach about 25 meters, and the mining amount can reach more than 250 tons/class, output is more than 5 times of traditional mining technology, and mining cost is below 1/3 of traditional mining technology.
Claims (9)
1. tunnel Mars Miner, comprise chassis (1), creeper undercarriage (2), rotary table (3), big arm (5), mining mechanism (6) and manipulation device, rotary table (3) is installed on the chassis (1), and main frame is driven by power set, it is characterized in that: described power set are motor, complete machine is by the external power supply of power distribution equipment, and the below of described chassis (1) is provided with the ore transfer passage or is provided with the ore conveying mechanism in the crawler belt top of creeper undercarriage (2).
2. a kind of tunnel according to claim 1 Mars Miner is characterized in that: described chassis (1) is the door type of middle part projection, and the bottom of (1) is fixed with the ore conveying mechanism on the chassis.
3. a kind of tunnel according to claim 1 Mars Miner, it is characterized in that: ore conveying mechanism one end of described crawler belt top extends the front of creeper undercarriage (2) one ends to the lower edge, and the other end of ore conveying mechanism extends the front of creeper undercarriage (2) other end.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of tunnel Mars Miners, it is characterized in that: the feed end that described chassis (1) and/or creeper undercarriage (2) are gone up corresponding ore conveying mechanism is provided with shovel feed device (10).
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of tunnel Mars Miners, it is characterized in that: described ore conveying mechanism is by the belt support, belt (8) and belt pulley (9) are formed, the belt support is fixed on chassis (1) and/or the creeper undercarriage (2), drive pulley in the described belt pulley (9) is arranged on the discharge end of feed belt, and the negative pulley wheel in the belt pulley (9) is arranged on the feed end of feed belt.
6. a kind of tunnel according to claim 1 Mars Miner is characterized in that: on the rotary table (3) of described chassis (1) top, be provided with driver's seat (4) at a side relative with big arm (5).
7. a kind of tunnel according to claim 6 Mars Miner is characterized in that: the neighboring that described rotary table (3) is gone up corresponding driver's seat (4) is provided with safty shield (11).
8. a kind of tunnel according to claim 1 Mars Miner, it is characterized in that: described big arm (5) is gone up mining mechanism (6) is installed, described mining mechanism (6) is for hydraulic hammer or pneumatic mallet or electrically operated hammer or for milling digging machine, the source of the gas of described pneumatic mallet is from the pipeline pressure air.
9. a kind of tunnel according to claim 1 Mars Miner is characterized in that: described manipulation device is the distance type manipulation device, and the controller in the distance type manipulation device is remote controller or straighforward operation dish.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010517286 CN101985878A (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2010-10-25 | Tunnel mining machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010517286 CN101985878A (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2010-10-25 | Tunnel mining machine |
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| CN101985878A true CN101985878A (en) | 2011-03-16 |
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| CN 201010517286 Pending CN101985878A (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2010-10-25 | Tunnel mining machine |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102505941A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-06-20 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Tunneling machine |
| CN103089256A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-08 | 刘素华 | Water cutting falling coal mining method and water cutting falling coal mining machine |
| CN103089257A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-08 | 刘素华 | Water jet mining machine |
| CN103291294A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-11 | 刘素华 | Excavator suspension wear resistance method and excavator wear resistance device for implementing it |
| CN103388475A (en) * | 2012-05-12 | 2013-11-13 | 刘素华 | Multilayer-impacting head small-resistance high-efficiency digging apparatus |
| CN103628875A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 穆同明 | Tier type rock loader |
| CN104006710A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-27 | 中南大学 | Full-automatic breaking system and automatic exploding method for exploding large block |
| CN104179502A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-03 | 钟玉凤 | Mining machine |
| CN104549699A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 深圳中城绿建科技有限公司 | Automatic crawler type mobile integrated crusher |
| CN104847347A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-19 | 安徽宏昌机电装备制造有限公司 | Multifunctional mine roadway milling and digging machine |
| CN104975856A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-14 | 黄斌 | Excavator for ore extraction |
| CN105840200A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-10 | 安徽兴宇轨道装备有限公司 | Tunnel underground excavation machine |
| CN108005651A (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2018-05-08 | 董艺 | A kind of large-scale intelligent is opened a mine Mars Miner |
| CN109057790A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-21 | 温州大学瓯江学院 | A kind of mining machinery people |
| CN110145303A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-20 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | A kind of mining system |
| CN113638738A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-12 | 北京道思克矿山装备技术有限公司 | Control device based on intelligent rapid mine tunneling system |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103089256A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-08 | 刘素华 | Water cutting falling coal mining method and water cutting falling coal mining machine |
| CN103089257A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-08 | 刘素华 | Water jet mining machine |
| CN102505941B (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2014-02-26 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Tunneling machine |
| CN102505941A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-06-20 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Tunneling machine |
| CN103291294A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-11 | 刘素华 | Excavator suspension wear resistance method and excavator wear resistance device for implementing it |
| CN103388475A (en) * | 2012-05-12 | 2013-11-13 | 刘素华 | Multilayer-impacting head small-resistance high-efficiency digging apparatus |
| CN103628875A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 穆同明 | Tier type rock loader |
| CN104006710B (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2015-10-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of full-automatic crushing system for oversized fragment and automatic-explosion method |
| CN104006710A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-27 | 中南大学 | Full-automatic breaking system and automatic exploding method for exploding large block |
| CN104179502A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-03 | 钟玉凤 | Mining machine |
| CN104549699A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 深圳中城绿建科技有限公司 | Automatic crawler type mobile integrated crusher |
| CN104847347A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-19 | 安徽宏昌机电装备制造有限公司 | Multifunctional mine roadway milling and digging machine |
| CN104847347B (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽宏昌机电装备制造有限公司 | Multifunctional mine roadway milling and digging machine |
| CN104975856A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-14 | 黄斌 | Excavator for ore extraction |
| CN105840200A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-10 | 安徽兴宇轨道装备有限公司 | Tunnel underground excavation machine |
| CN108005651A (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2018-05-08 | 董艺 | A kind of large-scale intelligent is opened a mine Mars Miner |
| CN109057790A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-21 | 温州大学瓯江学院 | A kind of mining machinery people |
| CN110145303A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-20 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | A kind of mining system |
| CN113638738A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-12 | 北京道思克矿山装备技术有限公司 | Control device based on intelligent rapid mine tunneling system |
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Application publication date: 20110316 |