CN101980860A - 具有改善的流体不可渗透性的复合材料面板 - Google Patents

具有改善的流体不可渗透性的复合材料面板 Download PDF

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CN101980860A
CN101980860A CN2009801105614A CN200980110561A CN101980860A CN 101980860 A CN101980860 A CN 101980860A CN 2009801105614 A CN2009801105614 A CN 2009801105614A CN 200980110561 A CN200980110561 A CN 200980110561A CN 101980860 A CN101980860 A CN 101980860A
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resin
prepreg
fiber
weight
honeycomb
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CN101980860B (zh
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S·罕
H·Y·罗肯
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DuPont Safety and Construction Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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Abstract

本发明公开了包括纤维层和树脂的预浸料坯复合材料，所述树脂包含热固性树脂组分、固化剂和纤维微浆。所述微浆组分是具有0.01至100微米的体积平均长度的芳族聚酰胺纤维。所述预浸料坯可用于构造复合材料面板以最小化流体对固化结构的渗透。所述预浸料坯尤其适于制备蜂窝夹心板。还公开了薄膜粘合剂、包含芳族聚酰胺纤维微浆的液态和糊状树脂。

Description

具有改善的流体不可渗透性的复合材料面板
发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明一般涉及由复合材料制成的结构面板，具体地讲涉及具有峰窝结构的夹心板。
2.背景技术
复合材料广泛用于航空航天工业以及其他需要高强度、刚度和轻质材料的环境。整体的复合结构通常包括纤维和聚合物树脂这两种主要元件。有许多类型的纤维已用于复合材料中。常用的有玻璃、石墨、碳和芳族聚酰胺纤维。这些纤维可以是短切的、无规取向的、单向定向的或者可以被织成织物。树脂基质通常是一种包括树脂、固化剂和其他性能调节剂的热固性材料。用树脂预浸渍的纤维强化物(片材、带材、丝束、织物或垫)称为预浸料坯。
芯结构用于一些特定应用。蜂窝结构是这种板的常用芯材料，因为它具有高的强度重量比和抗疲劳失效性。蜂窝芯由多种材料制成，其中芳族聚酰胺纸和铝是最常用的。预浸料坯面板粘结到芯的每一面上。
整体复合结构和芯复合结构都必须在暴露于潮湿环境后还能够保持足够的机械属性。蜂窝夹心板在使用期间特别容易出现湿气侵入芯单元的情况。
关于此主题的技术报告包括“Moisture Ingression in HoneycombCore Sandwich Panels”(Cise等人，Journal of MaterialsEngineering and Performance，第6卷(6)，732，1997年12月)；“Caution，Honeycomb Core Can Be Dangerous To Your Program’sHealth”(Campbell，Corrosion Reviews，25(1-2)，13-26，2007)以及“Water Ingression Resistant Thin Faced Honeycomb CoredComposite Systems with Facesheets Reinforced withAramidFiber and Kevlar with Carbon Fibers”(Loken等人，由E.I.Du Pontde Nemours，Wilmington，DE发表)。
发明概述
在一个实施方案中，本发明涉及用于具有树脂组分的复合结构的预浸料坯，该树脂组分包含热固性树脂、至少一种固化剂和高强纤维微浆，所述高强纤维具有0.01至100微米的体积平均长度。
在一个实施方案中，本发明还涉及将此类预浸料坯在固化复合材料面板中用作流体不可渗透的阻挡层。
在一个实施方案中，本发明还涉及可供选择的膜状、液态或糊状的树脂材料，该树脂材料结合微浆以起到降低复合结构中的流体渗透性的作用。
附图简述
图1A和1B是六边形蜂窝结构的图示。
图2是六边形单元蜂窝结构的另一个图示。
图3是具有面板的蜂窝结构的图示。
图4是具有面板的蜂窝结构的另一个图示。
图5是整体复合结构的组合件的图示。
发明详述
图1A是本发明蜂窝结构1的平面图示，其示出了由单元壁3形成的单元2。图1B是图1A所示蜂窝结构的正视图，其示出了两种外表面，或者说示出了由单元壁两端形成的表面4。芯也具有边缘5。图2是蜂窝结构的三维视图。所示为具有六边形单元2和单元壁3的蜂窝结构1。“T”尺寸或蜂窝结构的厚度示于图2中。示出了六边形单元；然而，其他几何排列方式也是可能的，正方形、过膨胀和弯曲形单元都属于最常见的可能排列方式。这些单元类型在本领域为人们所熟知，有关可能的几何单元类型的更多信息，可参考T.Bitzer的Honeycomb Technology(Chapman&Hall，出版商，1997)。图3示出了结构夹心板5，其由蜂窝芯6与连接到芯的两个外表面的面板7和8构成。面板材料是预浸料坯。在一些情况下，还会使用粘合剂薄膜9。该粘合剂薄膜的使用位置可使得薄膜的一个表面(即，内膜表面)正对着芯表面，而另一个表面(即，外膜表面)接触第一预浸面板。通常，芯的每侧有2至25块预浸面板。图4示出了夹心板10的一个可供选择的实施方案，其由蜂窝芯11、连接到芯的两个外表面的粘合剂薄膜12、和位于薄膜上方的预浸面板13构成。在组合件的一侧上，结构的外侧是表面膜14。图5示出了工具16上的预浸片15的组合件的一个实施方案以构成整体复合结构。
本发明的必需组件是预浸料坯。预浸树脂包括热固性树脂，或者热固性树脂(例如酚、环氧化物、氰酸酯、双马来酰亚胺等)、固化剂和足量纤维微浆的组合以形成预浸料坯，该预浸料坯固化后将在固化板中充分起到流体屏障的作用。该预浸料坯被称为流体或水分屏障预浸料坯。术语“预浸料坯”包括材料形态，例如模塑化合物和束状预浸料坯，所述模塑化合物为用短切树脂浸渍的短切纤维股，并且所述束状预浸料坯为用树脂预浸渍的连续长丝纤维丝束。
根据本发明，与纤维层结合以形成水分屏障预浸料坯的热固性树脂可选自酚、环氧化物、氰酸酯、聚酰亚胺或双马来酰亚胺树脂。示例性环氧化物和氰酸酯树脂包括缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂，例如三缩水甘油基对氨基苯酚、四缩水甘油基二氨基二苯基甲烷；缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂，例如双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂、双酚S型环氧树脂、苯酚酚醛型环氧树脂、甲酚酚醛型环氧树脂和间苯二酚型环氧树脂；氰酸酯，例如1，1′-双(4-氰氧苯基)乙烷(如得自Huntsman，Inc.，The Woodlands，TX的AroCyL-10)、1，3-双(4-氰氧苯基-1-1-(1-甲基亚乙基)苯(如得自Huntsman的RTX366)。环氧树脂是优选的。尤其优选的环氧化物共混物包括三官能环氧化物和双官能Bis-F环氧化物的混合物。
环氧树脂可由三官能环氧化物、双官能环氧化物、和各种三官能和双官能环氧化物组合组成。还可使用四官能的环氧化物。示例性三官能环氧化物包括三缩水甘油基对氨基苯酚和N，N-二缩水甘油基-4-缩水甘油氧代苯胺(如得自Huntsman的MY-0510或MY-0500)。可用于树脂中的示例性双官能环氧化物包括Bis-F环氧化物，例如同样得自Huntsman的GY-281、LY-9703和GY-285)。Bis-A环氧化物，(如GY-6010(Huntsman)和DER 331(Dow Chemical，Midland，M.I.)是合适的双酚A型环氧化物并且也可用于树脂。示例性四官能环氧化物为四缩水甘油基二氨基二苯基甲烷(如得自Huntsman的MY-721、MY-720和MY-9512)。其他合适的环氧化物包括苯酚酚醛型环氧化物、甲酚酚醛型环氧化物和间苯二酚型环氧化物。优选的Bis-F环氧化物包括得自Huntsman的GY281和GY285。
固化剂优选为胺、酸酐、尿素衍生物或双氰胺。也可使用固化剂的组合。示例性固化剂包括双氰胺、3，3-二氨基二苯砜(3，3-DDS)、氨基硅烷或缩水甘油基硅烷(如3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷)、CuAcAc/壬基苯酚(1/0.1)、4，4′-二氨基二苯砜(4，4′-DDS)、4，4′-亚甲基二(2-异丙基-6-间-乙基苯胺)(如Lonzacure M-MIPA(Lonza Corporation，Fair Lawn，N.J.))、4，4′-亚甲基二(2，6-二异丙基苯胺)(如Lonzacure M-DIPA(Lonza Corp.))。还可使用固化剂的组合，例如3，3′-DDS和双氰胺。
预浸树脂的纤维微浆组分一般为足量配制的树脂组合物的0.05至10.0重量％，更优选为0.05至6.0重量％，并且最优选为0.05至3.0重量％，并且平均表面积在25至500平方米/克的范围内，优选在25至200平方米/克的范围内，并且更优选在30至80平方米/克的范围内。体积加权平均长度在0.01微米至100微米的范围内，优选在0.1微米至50微米的范围内，并且更优选在0.1微米至10微米的范围内。该微浆是一种纤维有机材料，包含两种或更多种网状、树枝状、支化、菇状或纤丝结构的网孔内组合。微浆的纤维原料具有至少3克/旦尼尔的韧度(2.7克/分特)。
适于转化为本发明中所用微浆的纤维可由脂族聚酰胺、聚酯、聚丙烯腈、聚乙烯醇、聚烯烃、聚氯乙烯、聚偏1，1-二氯乙烯、聚氨酯、多氟烃、聚苯并咪唑、聚苯三唑、聚苯硫醚、聚
Figure BPA00001230997900041
二唑、聚酰亚胺、芳香族聚酰胺的聚合物或它们的混合物制成。更优选的聚合物由芳香族聚酰胺、聚苯并二唑、聚苯并咪唑、或它们的混合物制成。更优选的有机纤维为芳香族聚酰胺(聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺、聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺、或它们的混合物)。更具体地讲，优选使用美国专利3,869,430、3,869,429、3,767,756和2,999,788中公开的芳香族聚酰胺纤维。此类芳香族聚酰胺有机纤维和各种形式的这些纤维以商标
Figure BPA00001230997900042
和
Figure BPA00001230997900043
得自E.I.du Pont de Nemoursand Company，Wilmington，Delaware(Dupont)。
本文所用术语“芳族聚酰胺”是一种聚酰胺，其中至少85％的酰胺(-CONH-)键直接连接到两个芳族环上。添加剂可与芳族聚酰胺一起使用。事实上，已发现，可将最多达10重量％的其他聚合材料与芳族聚酰胺共混，或者可使用具有多达10％的其他二胺(其取代了芳族聚酰胺的二胺)或多达10％的其他二甲酰氯(其取代了芳族聚酰胺的二甲酰氯)的共聚物。对位芳族聚酰胺纤维和各种形式的这些纤维以商标
Figure BPA00001230997900051
得自DuPont以及以商标
Figure BPA00001230997900052
得自Teijin，Ltd.。
其他适于转化为微浆的商业聚合物纤维包括全部由Toyobo，Japan提供的
Figure BPA00001230997900053
PBO-AS(聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并双
Figure BPA00001230997900054
唑))纤维、
Figure BPA00001230997900055
PBO-HM(聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并双
Figure BPA00001230997900056
唑))纤维、SK60和SK71超高强度聚乙烯纤维；由Engineering Fibers Technology(She lton，Conn.)提供的Celanese
Figure BPA00001230997900058
HS微浆(Celanese
Figure BPA00001230997900059
HS pulp)，EFT1063-178；由Sterling Fibers Inc.(Pace，Fla)提供的CFF纤丝化丙烯酸纤维(CFF Fibrillated Acrylic Fiber)；以及由Daicel ChemicalIndustries，Ltd.(1Teppo-Cho，Sakai City，Japan)提供的Tiara芳族聚酰胺KY-400S微浆(Tiara Aramid KY-400S Pulp)。也可利用天然纤维，例如纤维素、棉花和羊毛纤维。
适用于本发明的微浆可根据授予Kelly等人的美国专利公布20030114641A1中公开的方法制备。微浆可通过以下两种方式之一掺入到树脂混合物中。微浆可被直接添加到树脂中或者作为树脂和/或溶剂预混物添加。合适的溶剂包括甲醇、甲基乙基酮和二氯甲烷。制备此类微浆预混物的方法在授予Blankenbeckler等人的美国专利公布2004/0191192A1中有所描述。以这种方式制备的树脂掺入了0.05至10.0重量％，更优选0.05至6.0重量％，以及最优选0.05至3.0重量％的微浆，也可用于树脂传递模塑(RTM)、拉挤成型和长丝卷绕成型应用。此类工艺优选采用环氧树脂，为本领域的技术人员所熟知。
也可将其他性能增强材料或调节剂掺入到树脂配方中。可单独或组合使用的这类性能增强材料或调节剂的非限制性实例包括稀释剂、粘度调节剂、阻燃剂、增韧剂、紫外线稳定剂和抗真菌剂。在很多情况下使用粘度调节添加剂。粘度调节剂优选地为溶于热固性树脂中的热塑性材料。
示例性粘度调节剂包括热塑性聚醚酰亚胺，例如得自GeneralElectric(Pittsfield，Mass.)的1000P；微粉化聚醚砜(PES)，例如得自Sumitomo Chemical Co.，Ltd.(Osaka，Japan)的5003P，以及得自Huntsman的聚酰亚胺
Figure BPA00001230997900062
9725。优选
Figure BPA00001230997900063
1000P和微粉化PES。尤其优选微粉化PES。添加到环氧树脂混合物中的粘度调节剂的数量和类型可以变化以提供期望的粘度。
有关典型配方的详细信息，可参阅ASM手册(第21卷，Composites，2001)中关于环氧树脂的章节。
水分屏障预浸料坯的示例性预浸树脂配方如下：
1至70重量份的环氧化物；
5至40重量份的胺固化剂；
1至30重量份的粘度调节剂；和
0.1至10重量份的纤维微浆。
在另一个实施方案中，水分屏障预浸料坯的预浸树脂配方如下：
10至40重量份的三官能环氧树脂；
10至40重量份的双官能环氧树脂；
11至25重量份的芳族固化剂；
0至3重量份的非芳族固化剂；
5至15重量份的粘度调节剂；和
0.1至10重量份的纤维微浆。
将配制好的树脂施加到所需纤维上以形成预浸料坯。预浸料坯的树脂含量可随许多不同参数而变化，以使复合材料面板达到期望的机械性能和结构性能。优选地，预浸料坯具有30至45重量％的树脂含量和55至70重量％的纤维含量。组合树脂和纤维以制备预浸料坯的方法可以是溶剂方法或非溶剂(热熔融)方法，该方法已为本领域的技术人员所熟知，更多详细信息，请参阅“Manufacturing Processes for Advanced Composites”(F.C.Campbell，Elsevierare)第56页和Hexcel Corporation的“PrepregTechnology”产品资料。
用于预浸料坯的强化纤维可以是用于形成复合材料层压板的任意一种纤维材料。示例性纤维材料包括玻璃、芳族聚酰胺、碳、陶瓷、以及它们的混合物。纤维可以是织造的、单向的、或者是无规纤维垫的形式。优选的织造形式为由碳或玻璃纤维织造的平纹、缎纹或斜纹织物。此类材料得自Hexcel或BGF Industries Inc.(Greensboro，NC)。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，另一个必需组件为蜂窝结构。用于本发明的示例性蜂窝结构材料包括铝、芳族聚酰胺、碳或玻璃纤维。优选的材料为间位芳族聚酰胺(如
Figure BPA00001230997900071
)、对位芳族聚酰胺(如
Figure BPA00001230997900072
和5052或5056等级铝合金)。蜂窝结构的尺寸可以有较大变化。通常，蜂窝芯具有1/8至1/2英寸(3.2-12.7mm)的单元，芯的厚度为1/4英寸(6.4mm)至2英寸(50.8mm)。单元尺寸是蜂窝芯的单元中的内切圆直径。最终的芯密度通常在2至12磅/立方英尺(32至192kg/m3)的范围内。蜂窝芯得自诸如Euro-Composites(Elkwood，VA)，Hexcel Corporation(Casa Grande，AZ)和M.C.Gill Corporation(El Monte，CA)之类的公司。
根据本发明，流体屏障预浸料坯，即图5中的15，可装配在模具(即图5中的16)上，然后被固化以形成复合材料结构，该结构增强了抗流体渗透性。复合结构还可包括蜂窝芯。根据期望的结构部件设计，所需预浸片材或层片的数量可介于1和30之间。尽管本发明的预浸料坯可提供结构性能，但复合材料面板也可包含不具备流体阻隔性能而仅起结构性作用的预浸料坯片材。此类预浸料坯广泛用于复合材料行业，其中一个实例为得自Cytec Engineered Materials(Tempe，AZ)的
Figure BPA00001230997900073
970。可对所用的不同预浸料坯的相对含量进行优化以满足设计需要。
由预浸料坯和芯制备基于整体结构或芯的结构复合材料面板涉及本领域众所周知的技术。主要方法为高压釜、热压和真空袋固化技术。这些技术在ASM手册(第21卷，Composites，2001)关于固化的章节中有更详细的介绍。固化和粘结板组件所需的真空、压力和热的量可随特定树脂配方以及预浸料坯中的树脂量而变化。一般来讲，必须向预浸料坯施加足够的压力以确保树脂充分流过此结构。对于蜂窝结构板结构而言，树脂流动以提供足够的成形于芯边缘的圆角也是很重要的。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，芳族聚酰胺纤维微浆可被掺入到形成夹心板组合件部件的薄膜粘合剂中。尽管此类薄膜粘合剂通常如图3中的9所示邻近芯，或者如图4中的14所示作为外表面层，但它们也可被置于预浸料坯片材之间。这些粘合剂基于环氧化物、双马来酰亚胺、酚、聚酰亚胺和氰酸酯等化学成分，类似于预浸树脂中的化学成分。铝、二氧化硅和阻燃剂也是常用的成分。薄膜也可具有载体布料，实例为聚酯纱的针织特里科经编织布料。不含载体时，薄膜配方中的芳族聚酰胺纤维微浆的含量一般为足量配制的薄膜组合物的0.05至10.0重量％，更优选0.05至6.0重量％，最优选0.05至3.0重量％。该微浆与预浸树脂中所用微浆具有相同的性质。薄膜和预浸料坯均可作为阻隔流体渗透的面板用于相同的组合件中。
本发明的另一个实施方案是将芳族聚酰胺纤维微浆掺入到粘合剂糊剂或复合剂中以用于嵌入灌注(Insert potting)或芯边缘填充等应用。嵌入灌注是将位置连接物粘结至夹心板中，夹心板被设置在扣件必须穿过面板的位置。该粘结通常作为与预浸料坯固化一起进行的共固化操作来完成。芯边缘的填充在面板固化之后进行，该填充过程将对芯边缘(图1B中的5)进行密封以防受到损坏和水分的侵入。该过程涉及机械地移除面板边缘的整个外围的1/2至1个单元深的蜂窝芯，然后用树脂手工填充所得的开放芯区域。在树脂固化后，将边缘用机器磨平或手工磨平，并与面板边缘平齐。这些灌注物和单元封边粘合剂基于环氧化物、双马来酰亚胺和聚酰亚胺等化学成分，类似于预浸树脂中的化学成分。诸如磨碎纤维或微球之类的填料以及阻燃剂也是常用的成分。糊剂或复合剂配方中的芳族聚酰胺纤维微浆的含量一般为足量配制的组合物的0.05至10.0重量％，更优选0.05至6.0重量％，最优选0.05至3.0重量％。该微浆与预浸树脂中所用微浆具有相同的性质。
实施例
在实施例中，除非另外指明，否则所有份数和百分比均按重量计，并且温度以摄氏度计：
实施例1
树脂可按以下配方制备：
26.1％MY-0510(N，N-二缩水甘油基-4-缩水甘油氧代苯胺)；
24.2％GY285(Bis-F环氧化物)；
15.3％3，3′-二氨基二苯砜；
1.3％双氰胺；
13.1％微粉化聚醚砜(PES)；
17.0％致密聚醚砜(PES)；
3.0％芳族聚酰胺纤维微浆。
致密PES由得自Sumitomo Chemical Co.Ltd.(Osaka，Japan)的PES5003P制成。根据美国专利4,945,154所述，使PES变得致密。致密PES具有1025微米的平均粒度，其中小于5微米的致密PES不超过13重量％，并且大于40微米的致密PES不超过4重量％。
24.2％的GY285和6.0％的MY0510在树脂釜中混合，并一边搅拌一边加热至65摄氏度。达到此温度后，向树脂釜中添加13.1％的微粉化PES5003P。将该混合物加热至128摄氏度，然后在此温度下保持75分钟。达到75分钟时，停止加热，向釜中添加20.1％的MY0510。在混合物冷却至65摄氏度的过程中持续搅拌。添加15.3％的3，3-DDS并混合15分钟。然后添加1.3％的双氰胺，并于65摄氏度下搅拌此混合物5分钟。最后，添加17.0％的致密PES和3.0％的芳族聚酰胺纤维微浆，并于65摄氏度下搅拌15分钟。
制备蜂窝夹心板首先要形成预浸料坯，该预浸料坯包含193克/平方米(gsm)平织3K碳纤维织物和138gsm树脂。该预浸料坯按如下所述形成：
在约79摄氏度下，将树脂通过逆辊工艺涂覆在防粘纸上以形成包含69gsm树脂的薄膜。将两片树脂薄膜浸渍到碳纤维织物中。
该预浸料坯在22英寸(56cm)汞柱的真空下，施加到1/2英寸(1.27cm)厚、1/8英寸(0.31cm)单元尺寸的
Figure BPA00001230997900091
蜂窝结构型
Figure BPA00001230997900092
10(
Figure BPA00001230997900093
honeycomb type
Figure BPA00001230997900094
10，得自Hexce1)，然后在177摄氏度和45psi的压力下固化2小时，排气压力为20psi，并且升温冷却速率为2摄氏度/分钟。
比较实施例1
树脂可按以下配方制备：
27.0重量％MY-0510(N，N-二缩水甘油基-4-缩水甘油氧代苯胺)；
24.9重量％GY285(Bis-F环氧化物)；
15.8重量％3，3′-二氨基二苯砜；
1.3重量％双氰胺；
13.5重量％微粉化聚醚砜(PES)；
17.5重量％致密聚醚砜(PES)。
树脂混合过程如实施例1所述，不同的是未添加芳族聚酰胺微浆。制备预浸料坯和夹心板的步骤也如实施例1所述。
在具有受控温度和相对湿度的测试室中，将实施例1和比较实施例1的测试块暴露于流体中。在暴露前后称量样本，重量差值表示吸收流体的量。包含流体阻隔预浸片材的面板受流体侵入较少。整体结构的测试块可根据ASTM 5229进行测试，而对于蜂窝结构，适合的测试过程描述于“Moisture Ingression in Honeycomb Core Sandwich Panels”(Cise等人，Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance，第6卷(6)，732，1997年12月)中。

Claims (9)

1.用于复合结构的未固化预浸料坯复合材料，所述预浸料坯包括：
(a)至少一个纤维层；
(b)与所述纤维层结合以形成预浸料坯的树脂，所述树脂包含热固性树脂、至少一种固化剂和0.05至10.0重量％的纤维微浆，所述微浆纤维具有至少3克/旦尼尔的韧度和0.01至100微米的体积平均长度。
2.包括权利要求1的预浸料坯的固化的复合材料结构。
3.权利要求2的复合材料结构，所述复合材料结构还包括蜂窝芯。
4.用于复合结构的未固化的薄膜粘合剂，所述薄膜粘合剂包含热固性树脂、至少一种固化剂和0.05至10.0重量％的纤维微浆，所述微浆纤维具有至少3克/旦尼尔的韧度和0.01至100微米的体积平均长度。
5.包含权利要求4的薄膜粘合剂的固化的复合材料结构。
6.用于复合结构的未固化的液态或糊状树脂，所述树脂包含热固性树脂、至少一种固化剂和0.05至10.0重量％的纤维微浆，所述微浆纤维具有至少3克/旦尼尔的韧度和0.01至100微米的体积平均长度。
7.包含权利要求6的液态或糊状树脂的固化的复合材料结构。
8.制备预浸料坯的方法，所述方法包括将预浸树脂与纤维层组合的步骤，其中所述预浸树脂包含热固性树脂、至少一种固化剂和0.05至10.0重量％的纤维微浆，所述微浆纤维具有至少3克/旦尼尔的韧度和0.01至100微米的体积平均长度。
9.制备蜂窝夹心板的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：将权利要求1的预浸料坯连接至蜂窝结构的相对面，然后固化所述预浸料坯以形成所述蜂窝夹心板。
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