CN101962303A - Device and method for recycling agricultural organic solid wastes - Google Patents
Device and method for recycling agricultural organic solid wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN101962303A CN101962303A CN2010102743462A CN201010274346A CN101962303A CN 101962303 A CN101962303 A CN 101962303A CN 2010102743462 A CN2010102743462 A CN 2010102743462A CN 201010274346 A CN201010274346 A CN 201010274346A CN 101962303 A CN101962303 A CN 101962303A
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- agricultural wastes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recycling agricultural organic solid wastes, which comprises the following steps of: 1) performing physical pretreatment on different types of agricultural wastes in different modes to form pretreated materials to ensure that different types of agricultural wastes are easily fermented; 2) feeding the pretreated materials into a fermentation tank, and mixing a microbial DM activating agent and the pretreated materials in the process of feeding the pretreated materials into the fermentation tank; 3) turning the pretreated materials which are fed into the fermentation tank, constructing a proper environment for work and reproduction of microbes, supplying oxygen to fermented materials simultaneously and realizing the radiating function; and 4) discharging the materials subjected to the fermentation treatment in the fermentation tank.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural environment administers and agricultural wastes recycling field, relate in particular to the processing and the utilization of the leaf, stem, shedding, residual plant body etc. of farmland stalk, weeds, various vegetables, cash crop, also comprise the processing and the utilization of garden waste.
Background technology
The agriculture production meeting produces a large amount of wastes, as the dry branches and fallen leaves in stalk, weeds, outer leaf dish leaf, orchard, shedding etc., in addition, clean vegetables is gone down town and is also made a large amount of farmlands waste stay the planting base, the fruits and vegetables growing area fly worm that is seen everywhere in the mashed leaf of various useless dishes, the septic shedding is in heaps, useless dish, decayed fruit are moisture many, perishable smelly, all can pollute air, river and underground water; In summer, the residual body of a large amount of vegetables is the mosquitos and flies breeding ground, causes pathophoresis, make numerous villagers endure the hardship of mosquitos and flies to the fullest extent, become the sick worm of insect winter again and grow the place of surviving the winter, can cause next year mosquito density increase, germ mycelium to breed in a large number, thereby create conditions for the popular of disease and pest; Any stacking of vegetable shoots dish leaf also can be stopped up the irrigation passage.The mashed leaf of these useless dishes can not stay and make fertilizer in the ground because carry the germs of a disease; Some dish leaf drug residue exceeds standard seriously simultaneously, and livestock has eaten and can fall ill, even dead, and the peasant also is reluctant used as the feed of livestocks such as pig; Crop straw burning can produce smog, dust and obnoxious flavour, not only cause environmental pollution also to cause the waste of resource, and crop straw burning has been the behavior that country prohibites, and this is in the condition that can't handle with regard to causing a large amount of agricultural crop straws.If the farmland waste of thousands of tons does not deal with, the corruption of giving free rein to then obviously can become big public hazards, has both influenced life of farmers quality and health, influences agriculture production environment again.
Simultaneously, because continuous for many years single use chemical fertilizer, excessive use agricultural chemicals, made the most arable land of China barren desertification phenomenon occur, soil organism famine, particularly the fruits and vegetables growing area is because of excessive use agriculture chemical, the soil microorganisms environment is seriously damaged, crops quality descends, output, quality, food safety and ecotope are come into a vicious cycle, China's agricultural high-quality, safety, the target of Sustainable development efficiently is subjected to great challenge, carry forward vigorously national economy in country, environment, resources sustainable development under the new situation, the science of agricultural waste is disposed and recycle, has become the extremely urgent problem of the various places government and the people.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of agricultural wastes recycle treatment process, dispose with the science that realizes agricultural wastes.In addition, it is a kind of simple that the present invention also provides, and the refuse processing method of low cost, high-level efficiency, energy-conserving and environment-protective has realized that not only the science of agricultural wastes is disposed, and has also realized the recycle of these wastes simultaneously.
The contriver sums up agricultural wastes and handles existing technically following several big characteristics by the analysis of secular careful observation with scientific and precise:
(1) stalk, withered vegetable shoots, branch, leaf, weeds etc., Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, wax layer are difficult for fermentation maturity;
(2) water content height such as dish leaf, outer leaf, shedding are perishable, can produce a large amount of waste liquids, easily cause secondary pollution;
(3) the agricultural wastes carbon-nitrogen ratio is improper, is difficult to satisfy fermentation condition, and must residually mix other wastes during fermentation could solve;
(4) pesticide residue of agricultural wastes can't effectively be decomposed;
(5) existing natural treatment technology long processing period, treatment capacity is little, and the processing costs height can't large-scale promotion use.
The inventor invents out a kind of agricultural wastes recycle treatment process and system at These characteristics, one of to solve the above problems or all.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the invention provides a kind of agriculture organic solid castoff recycle treatment process, may further comprise the steps:
1) thus the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes carry out different modes is formed pretreated material, make different types of agricultural wastes all be easy to fermentation;
2) described pretreated material is sent into fermenter, described pretreated material is sent in the process of fermenter microorganism DM activator and described pretreated material mixed to be incorporated in 24-48 hour and is heated up, temperature is reached between the 50-75 degree, the moisture in the described waste is converted to water vapour distribute;
3) the described pretreated material of sending in the described fermenter is carried out turning, build adapt circumstance, be the fermented product oxygen supply simultaneously, and realize heat sinking function for work and the breeding of microorganism;
4) in described fermenter the material after the fermentative processing reach organic more than or equal to 50% and moisture after 20%, carry out discharging.
According to another preferred embodiment, the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes are carried out different modes in the described step 1) comprises: rub silk, grind stranding, pulverizing, broken function, make the fibrous texture of agricultural wastes destroyed with multifilament, moisture in the juicy agricultural wastes is not extruded, the size decreases of bulk agricultural wastes.
According to another preferred embodiment, the size decreases to 2 of bulk agricultural wastes centimetre or following wherein.
According to another preferred embodiment, the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes are carried out different modes in the step 1) comprises: the agricultural wastes that moisture content is low add water.
According to another preferred embodiment, the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes are carried out different modes in the step 1) comprises: the raw material that moisture content is high adopts the method for cutting, and avoids raw material moisture to be extruded.
According to another preferred embodiment, do not destroy the thin property of described material in the turning process.
According to another preferred embodiment, in described discharging process, simultaneously the material after the described fermentative processing is carried out fragmentation, grinds silk, destroy its wax layer and Mierocrystalline cellulose.
According to another preferred embodiment, install plant deodorant liquid shower nozzle additional in the upper end of described fermenter, spray deodorant liquid in described turning process discontinuous.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the invention provides a kind of agriculture organic solid castoff recycle treatment unit: it is characterized in that comprising: pre-processing device, fermenter, microorganism DM activator, turning equipment, discharging equipment;
Thereby wherein said pre-processing device forms pretreated material to the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes carry out different modes, makes different types of agricultural wastes all be easy to fermentation;
The described fermenter pretreated material of described process that is used to ferment, and described pretreated material is sent in the process of fermenter described microorganism DM activator is mixed with described pretreated material;
Described turning equipment is used for the described pretreated material of sending into described fermenter is carried out turning, builds adapt circumstance for work and the breeding of microorganism, is the fermented product oxygen supply simultaneously, and realizes heat sinking function;
Described discharging equipment be used for material after described fermenter fermentative processing reach organic more than or equal to 50% and moisture after 20%, carry out discharging.
According to another preferred embodiment, install plant deodorant liquid shower nozzle additional in described fermenter upper end, the deodorizing shower nozzle intermittently sprays deodorant liquid during the turning equipment work, and the material of discharging equipment ejection is delivered to the storeroom of sealing.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the entire treatment process flow sheet of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Agricultural wastes such as straw are concentrated to be transported to agricultural wastes comprehensive treating process factory, carry out different types of physics pre-treatment for different types of agricultural wastes, the plant residue of moisture big 70% is directly sent in the specific equipment and is handled, and moisture is lower than 40% plant residue to be handled through water spray and preset 2-3 hour.
Operator send raw material into preprocessor, become the material of easy fermentation maturity, make material become thread (diameter is preferably less than 0.5 millimeter) or sheet (thickness is preferably less than 2 centimetres) or block (diameter is preferably less than 2 centimetres).
In the process that the material after the pre-treatment is sent to fermenter material and microorganism DM activator are carried out thorough mixing, preferentially the ratio according to 1: 3000 (weight ratio) adds microorganism DM activator; And in 24-48 hour, heat up, temperature is reached between the 50-75 degree, the moisture in the described waste is converted to water vapour distribute.
Material fermented product temperature in fermenter can progressively raise, use turning equipment to stir once in every interval 12-24 hour, simultaneously, turning equipment moves the material in the fermenter every day to outlet, for adapt circumstance is built in work and the breeding of microorganism, be the fermented product oxygen supply simultaneously, and realize heat radiation and drain function;
The turning process makes temperature of charge reduce, and moisture distributes, and heats up again, and turning again repeats above-mentioned working process, and temperature is spent to conversion 75 degree from 30;
Install plant deodorant liquid shower nozzle additional in the fermenter upper end, the deodorizing shower nozzle intermittently sprays deodorant liquid during the turning equipment work.
The material 10-14 days fermentation maturity of Duo Shui, few fiber finishes, and turning equipment and discharging equipment cooperate discharging, and discharging equipment is preferably pulverized material in the discharging process, and the material that discharging equipment sprays is at a high speed preferably delivered to the storeroom of sealing.
Multifilament, 14-21 days fermentation maturities of many xylogen material finish, and turning equipment and discharging equipment cooperate discharging, and discharging equipment is preferably pulverized material in the discharging process, and the material that discharging equipment sprays is at a high speed preferably delivered to the storeroom of sealing.
Deodoration system preferably every 20 seconds deodorant liquids of spray in 2-10 minute, is removed stink in the work of stack turner on period, preferably makes the foul smell index meet national secondary air standard;
The discharge end material moisture reduces, and easily produces dust during the discharging of discharging equipment high speed, and the storeroom of fly-ash separator and sealing is combined together, and saving space and investment have also reduced running cost, reach dust removing effects, and dust discharge satisfies national standard.
Product organic matter after the fermentative processing is greater than 50%, moisture is less than 20%, soil beneficial microorganism content is greater than 200,000,000/gram, and noxious pollutant satisfies fertilizer NY525-2002 standard, can realize functions such as soil improvement, soil organisms are repaired, increase soil fertility by specific prescription.The processing cycle looks the season difference and foreshortens to 10-21 days by the 2-3 of spontaneous fermentation fully.
Microorganism DM activator wherein is the living microorganism goods that exist with the spore state, is made up of beneficial microorganisms such as phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, fixed nitrogen and physiologically active substance.These microorganisms are mutually beneficial public to each other to be given birth to or alternate is held altogether, and function has diversity, and effect is remarkable unusually, respond well aspect the harmful element compound in the degraded organic waste.Simultaneously, contained physiologically active substance produces very strong activation to plant, soil and DM flora itself.
The entire treatment technical process can simply be illustrated by accompanying drawing 1, and wherein 1 represents turning equipment, 2 expression pre-treatment, pre-treatment comprises conditioning material moisture and material handling shape, 3 expression fermenters, in the oxygen supply of ventilating of fermenter domestic demand, heat radiation draining and transport three programs of material, 4 expression discharging equipment, in this discharging equipment, need to pulverize fragmentation, three steps of dedusting and discharging, 5 expression automatic control systems, 6 expression deodorizing shower nozzles, 7 expressions add fermenting agent.
Pre-treatment by automatic controlling system, fermenter, discharging equipment, turning equipment and deodorizing shower nozzle, the pre-treatment of agricultural organic solid castoff includes the orderliness material moisture, the material handling shape, also just different types of material is carried out different types of physics pre-treatment, add fermenting agent in the process that the material after the pre-treatment is sent to fermenter, this comprises microorganism DM activator, and turning equipment carries out turning for the material in the fermenter under the control of automatic control system, and simultaneously material is moved to outlet, realize the ventilation oxygen supply simultaneously, heat sinking function, itself has drain function fermenter.Simultaneously, in fermenter upper end the deodorizing shower nozzle is installed, is used for material is sprayed deodorant liquid under the control of automatic control system, the material that fermentation is finished is through the discharging of discharging equipment, pulverizes simultaneously in the process of discharging, function such as dedusting.
The description of top specific embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention, is a kind of optimal way, and those skilled in the art comprise within the scope of the invention in the improvement of not paying performing creative labour and being carried out on this basis.
Claims (10)
1. agriculture organic solid castoff recycle treatment process is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) thus the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes carry out different modes is formed pretreated material, make different types of agricultural wastes all be easy to fermentation;
2) described pretreated material is sent into fermenter, described pretreated material is sent in the process of fermenter microorganism DM activator is mixed with described pretreated material, and in 24-48 hour, heat up, temperature is reached between the 50-75 degree;
4) the described pretreated material of sending in the described fermenter is carried out turning, build adapt circumstance, be the fermented product oxygen supply simultaneously, and realize heat sinking function for work and the breeding of microorganism;
5) in described fermenter the material after the fermentative processing reach organic more than or equal to 50% and moisture after 20%, carry out discharging.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes are carried out different modes in the described step 1) comprises: rub silk, grind stranding, pulverizing, broken function, make the fibrous texture of agricultural wastes destroyed with multifilament, moisture in the juicy agricultural wastes is not extruded, the size decreases of bulk agricultural wastes.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the size decreases to 2 of bulk agricultural wastes centimetre or following wherein.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes are carried out different modes in the described step 1) comprises: the agricultural wastes that moisture content is low add water.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes are carried out different modes in the described step 1) comprises: the raw material that moisture content is high adopts and grinds the method for cutting, and avoids raw material moisture to be extruded.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: the thin property of not destroying described material in described turning process.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: simultaneously the material after the described fermentative processing is carried out fragmentation, grinds silk in described discharging process, destroy its wax layer and Mierocrystalline cellulose.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: install plant deodorant liquid shower nozzle in the upper end of described fermenter additional, spray deodorant liquid in described turning process discontinuous.
9. agriculture organic solid castoff recycle treatment unit: it is characterized in that comprising: pre-processing device, fermenter, microorganism DM activator, turning equipment, discharging equipment;
Thereby wherein said pre-processing device forms pretreated material to the physics pre-treatment that different types of agricultural wastes carry out different modes, makes different types of agricultural wastes all be easy to fermentation;
The described fermenter pretreated material of described process that is used to ferment, and described pretreated material is sent in the process of fermenter described microorganism DM activator is mixed with described pretreated material, and in 24-48 hour, heat up, temperature is reached between the 50-75 degree;
Described turning equipment is used for the described pretreated material of sending into described fermenter is carried out turning, builds adapt circumstance for work and the breeding of microorganism, is the fermented product oxygen supply simultaneously, and realizes heat sinking function;
Described discharging equipment be used for material after described fermenter fermentative processing reach organic more than or equal to 50% and moisture after 20%, carry out discharging.
10. system as claimed in claim 9 installs plant deodorant liquid shower nozzle additional in described fermenter upper end, and described deodorant liquid shower nozzle intermittently sprays deodorant liquid during the turning equipment work, and the material of discharging equipment ejection is delivered to the storeroom of sealing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010274346A CN101962303B (en) | 2010-09-07 | 2010-09-07 | Device and method for recycling agricultural organic solid wastes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010274346A CN101962303B (en) | 2010-09-07 | 2010-09-07 | Device and method for recycling agricultural organic solid wastes |
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| CN101962303A true CN101962303A (en) | 2011-02-02 |
| CN101962303B CN101962303B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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| CN201010274346A Active CN101962303B (en) | 2010-09-07 | 2010-09-07 | Device and method for recycling agricultural organic solid wastes |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102617206A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-08-01 | 新兴县恒丰肥业有限公司 | Setting method for organic fertilizer production workshops and production method for organic fertilizer |
| CN102951939A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-03-06 | 湖南回龙湖现代农业科技有限公司 | Rapid harmless plant organic residue treatment and fertilizer utilization process and equipment thereof |
| CN104150990A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 湖南湘植园林科技有限公司 | Preparation method of environmental protection plant matrix |
| CN104513833A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-04-15 | 上海锦泰新能源环保股份有限公司 | Ecological circular treatment utilization process for agricultural organic solid waste |
| CN107746295A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-03-02 | 阳光盛景（北京）生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of small-sized wire kneading machine device and aerated fermentation room processing farmland discarded object |
| CN110746212A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | 沈阳农业大学 | Straw micro-storage fertilizer production line |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102617206A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-08-01 | 新兴县恒丰肥业有限公司 | Setting method for organic fertilizer production workshops and production method for organic fertilizer |
| CN102951939A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-03-06 | 湖南回龙湖现代农业科技有限公司 | Rapid harmless plant organic residue treatment and fertilizer utilization process and equipment thereof |
| CN102951939B (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2015-04-15 | 郭汉华 | Rapid harmless plant organic residue treatment and fertilizer utilization process and equipment thereof |
| CN104150990A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 湖南湘植园林科技有限公司 | Preparation method of environmental protection plant matrix |
| CN104150990B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南湘植园林科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of plant substrates |
| CN104513833A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-04-15 | 上海锦泰新能源环保股份有限公司 | Ecological circular treatment utilization process for agricultural organic solid waste |
| CN107746295A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-03-02 | 阳光盛景（北京）生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of small-sized wire kneading machine device and aerated fermentation room processing farmland discarded object |
| CN110746212A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | 沈阳农业大学 | Straw micro-storage fertilizer production line |
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|---|---|
| CN101962303B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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Address after: 101118 Beijing City, Tongzhou District Song Town North Temple Zhuang village 2000 meters to the Northwest Patentee after: Sunshine spectacular (Beijing) ecological Polytron Technologies Inc Address before: 101118 Beijing City, Tongzhou District Song Town North Temple Zhuang village 2000 meters to the Northwest Patentee before: Beijing Sunshine Spectacle Ecological Sci&Tech Co., Ltd. |