CN102951939A - Rapid harmless plant organic residue treatment and fertilizer utilization process and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Rapid harmless plant organic residue treatment and fertilizer utilization process and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102951939A CN102951939A CN2012104324782A CN201210432478A CN102951939A CN 102951939 A CN102951939 A CN 102951939A CN 2012104324782 A CN2012104324782 A CN 2012104324782A CN 201210432478 A CN201210432478 A CN 201210432478A CN 102951939 A CN102951939 A CN 102951939A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a rapid harmless plant organic residue treatment and fertilizer utilization process and equipment thereof, and relates to a harmless and efficient treatment technology for vegetable depot vegetable residues, and equipment thereof. According to the present invention, processes of an automated machinery treatment and a rapid fermentation treatment are adopted, and vegetable residue treatment equipment is adopted to treat vegetable residues, wherein the vegetable residue treatment equipment comprises parts such as a pre-treatment device, a heating device and an automatic fermentation device, and the vegetable residue treatment process comprises steps such as material pre-treatment, ratio performing, fermentation and post-treatment. With the present invention, high quality active organic fertilizer can be rapidly produced, a vegetable depot pollution problem can be completely solved, zero emission of organic waste in the vegetable depot can be really achieved, and high quality organic fertilizers with characteristics of excellent color, excellent odor and excellent nutrient, and nutrition organic matrixes can be produced, wherein beneficial bacteria in the organic fertilizer is at an active state, and can continuously produce beneficial biological effects after the bacterial is applied into soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic waste treatment, be specially fast and harmless is processed and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes treatment technology and the equipment of the residual body of a kind of Vegetable Base vegetables.
Background technology
Vegetable Base can produce the organic wastes such as a large amount of dish leaves, tendril, diseased plant, residual body and weeds in production process, and these plant residues usually are deposited in the edge of a field, roadside or throw aside the river course by the vegetable grower.Part plant residue can be after seasoning on-site incineration, polluted air; Most of plant residue then gives free rein to rot at limes marginis, the edge of a field, becomes on the one hand procreation and the hibernaculum of vegetable insect disease, vegetable insect disease is constantly intersected propagate and spreads, and forms vicious cycle; These organism are rotten, smelly in a large number on the other hand, grow mosquitos and flies, pathogeny thing, and air, water source are caused tight must the pollution, become one of main pollution of area source of farmland ecological environment.Yet, the residual body of vegetable plant strain is again good available stock, process such as science, can be made into the biological organic fertilizer of high-quality, be returned in the soil, can greatly increase the soil organism and nutrient, solve the unfavorable factors such as soil compaction and tilth variation, make the Vegetable Base benign cycle and realize Sustainable development.Especially concerning green, organic vegetable industry, its effect and meaning view are very great.
At present, the residual body of vegetables all is to adopt traditional stack retting method to process both at home and abroad, and state-of-the-art method is namely pulverized the residual body of vegetables, then adds bacterial classification, concentrates the nature composting; Also have the method for the residual body of vegetables with pig manure mixing composting, as: take vegetables rhizome and flower straw waste, fresh pig dung, organism decomposing agent as raw material, press the processing of different ratios hybrid composting, spontaneous fermentation; Also have in the composting process, appearance is pasted sposh over, adopts the methane-generating pit to ferment, add the powdered carbon deodorizing etc., technology all rests on the nature fermentation reactor system processing aspect.These treatment processs all exist variety of issue: the residual body kind of vegetables is various, if any the succulence class, such as stem tuber, melon and fruit, dish leaf, washiness, bad pulverizing, very easily corrupt contaminate environment, to in time process, and the many residual bodies of fiber, such as capsicum bar, eggplant stem etc., be difficult to rot, cause difficult treatment; Common stack retting exists fermentation slow, and temperature is low, is difficult to kill vegetable insect disease, is unfavorable for the Vegetable Base continuous production; Because the treatment time is long, causes the place to take greatly, because open-air the processing, one rains, and sewage four streams pollute large for the second time; Do not carry out rational proportioning, fertilizer efficiency is low; Artificial composting, labour intensity is large, and effect is undesirable, and the vegetable grower is unwilling to do, and is difficult to promote.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of plant Organic residues fast and harmless to process and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes Processes and apparatus, to solve the shortcoming in the above-mentioned background technology.
Technical problem solved by the invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
Plant Organic residues fast and harmless is processed and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes technique, adopts the technique that automaticmachines is processed and quick fermentation is processed to process the residual body of vegetables, and the concrete technology step is as follows:
(1) material pre-treatment: with the residual body classification of the vegetables of collecting, for the residual body of green vegetable, the residual body of solanaceous vegetables, the residual body of melon-fruit-like vegetable and the residual body of tuberous vegetable, drop into respectively disintegrating apparatus and pulverize;
(2) proportioning: the good residual body of vegetables of will classifying mixes respectively at wood chip, husk and oil meal, adjusts different proportioning ratios according to different classification, mixes, and keeps the water ratio of material about 50%;
(3) fermentation: the material after will mixing drops into fermentation equipment and ferments, and fermenting process is divided into 4 stages:
1. High Temperature Sterilization: with about the material lifting to 80 in the fermentation equipment ℃, and kept 4-6 hour, kill germs most in the material;
2. thermophilic fermentation: material is cooled to about 60 ℃, adds zymophyte, fermented 15-20 hour, decompose most of organism in the material;
3. low temperature fermentation: material is cooled to about 40 ℃, adds the soil probiotics, stir culture is about 1 hour;
(4) postheat treatment: material by fermentation, can be used as finished product fertilizer and be administered in the soil, also can bank up to improve fertilizer efficiency, to bank up 7 days, it is best that its fertilizer efficiency and beneficial microorganism reach.
In described fermenting process, need often material to be stirred, to accelerate speed and the process of fermentation.
Based on above-mentioned treatment process, the present invention adopts plant Organic residues fast and harmless to process and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes treatment facility to finish work for the treatment of.
Described plant Organic residues fast and harmless is processed and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes treatment facility, comprise pre-processing device, warming-up device and automatic fermentation equipment, material after pre-processing device is processed is put in the automatic fermentation equipment, warming-up device directly links together with automatic fermentation equipment, the heat that needs when fermentation being provided for automatic fermentation equipment, wherein, pre-processing device is pulverizer, be used for the residual body of the vegetables of collecting is pulverized, so that the fermenting process of back; Automatically fermentation equipment comprises shell, helical stir mechanism, transmission system, ventilation system and control section, described driving part is electric motor, be arranged on one side of shell, helical stir mechanism is arranged on the bottom in the shell, is connected step-down gear by sprocket wheel with chain, rotates under the drive of electric motor, described control section is arranged on the shell, ventilation system is comprised of blower fan and pipeline, be arranged on body below, in automatic fermentation equipment shell, ventilate; Warming-up device is arranged on the next door of automatic fermentation equipment, arrives in the shell of automatic fermentation equipment by hose connection, and can heat the material in the automatic fermentation equipment under the control of automatic fermentation equipment control section.
In the present invention, the opening for feed of described automatic fermentation equipment is at the top, and discharge port is arranged on the mid-way of bottom.
In the present invention, the helical stir mechanism of described automatic fermentation equipment is provided with spiral driving blade, can fully stir the material in the automatic fermentation equipment.
In the present invention, the control section of described automatic fermentation equipment arranges control panel at shell, is provided with temperature indicating meter, power light and intensification, cooling, stirring button.
In the present invention, described automatic fermentation equipment adopts corrosion resistant material, makes equipment durable in use, has improved work-ing life.
In the present invention, the stirring of the fermentation stage of described treatment process adopts interval type to stir, and temperature, ventilation and discharging in the automation control appliance.
In the present invention, the fermentation stage of described treatment process directly enters thermophilic fermentation, has accelerated fermenting speed, thereby has realized fast processing organic waste in 24 hours.
In the present invention, the profitable strain that described treatment process has selected soil improvement to need, and filter out the kind of accelerating fermentation, thus realize quick fermentation, and can improve under the prerequisite of edatope and improve fertilizer efficiency.
Beneficial effect: the present invention can not only generate the high-quality active organic fertilizer fast, and can solve the Vegetable Base pollution problem fully, real " zero release " that realizes the Vegetable Base organic waste, can produce simultaneously all good high-quality fertilizer and nutritional type organic substrates of color, smell, nutrient, profitable strain all is in active condition in the fertilizer, can continue to produce useful biological action after being manured into soil.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the residual body treatment facility of vegetables of the present invention structural representation.
Embodiment
For technique means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the present invention.
Plant Organic residues fast and harmless is processed and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes technique, adopts the technique that automaticmachines is processed and quick fermentation is processed to process the residual body of vegetables, and the concrete technology step is as follows:
(1) material pre-treatment: with the residual body classification of the vegetables of collecting, for the residual body of green vegetable, the residual body of solanaceous vegetables, the residual body of melon-fruit-like vegetable and the residual body of tuberous vegetable, drop into respectively disintegrating apparatus and pulverize;
(2) proportioning: the good residual body of vegetables of will classifying mixes respectively at wood chip, husk and oil meal, adjust different proportioning ratios according to different classification, mix, the water ratio that keeps material about 50%, wherein, the optimal components ratio ratio of the residual body of all kinds of vegetables is: in the scheme one, and the residual body 33% of green vegetable, the residual body 56% of solanaceous vegetables, oil meal 11%; In the scheme two, the residual body 35% of green vegetable, residual body 45% wood chip 5% of melon-fruit-like vegetable, husk 5%, oil meal 10%; Three kinds of schemes, the residual body 20% of green vegetable, the residual body 35% of tuberous vegetable, wood chip 15%, husk 15%, oil meal 15%; Four kinds of schemes, the residual body 50% of green vegetable, wood chip 20%, husk 15%, oil meal 15%;
(3) fermentation: the material after will mixing drops into fermentation equipment and ferments, and fermenting process is divided into 4 stages:
1. High Temperature Sterilization: with about the material lifting to 80 in the fermentation equipment ℃, and kept 4 hours, kill germs most in the material;
2. thermophilic fermentation: material is cooled to about 60 ℃, adds zymophyte, fermented 18 hours, decompose most of organism in the material;
3. low temperature fermentation: material is cooled to about 40 ℃, adds the soil probiotics, stir culture is about 1 hour;
(4) postheat treatment: material by fermentation, can be used as finished product fertilizer and be administered in the soil, also can bank up to improve fertilizer efficiency, to bank up 7 days, it is best that its fertilizer efficiency and beneficial microorganism reach.
For some heavy metals exceeding standard the area, can add an amount of heavy metal deactivator to improve Land Environment, such as flyash, ground phosphate rock, lime, zeolite, the peat composed of rotten mosses etc.
The residual body of vegetables carries out sampling Detection to the organic manure of producing after crossing through above-mentioned art breading, and it index that possesses is: total nutrient (%) N+P
2O
5+ K2O 〉=4.1, organic (%) 〉=31.2, moisture content (%)≤19, potential of hydrogen (pH)=6.1, Hg(is in element, mg/kg)=2.53, Cd(is in element, and mg/kg)=2.62, Cr(is in element, mg/kg)=187.6, As(is in element, mg/kg)=22.4, Pb(is in element, mg/kg)=42.7, and induced worm egg death rate (%)=97, colititre (MPN, 100g)=0.06.
These parameters shows: nutritive element content is all above the ministerial standard of organic fertilizer, and innoxious index is also controlled finely.
Based on above-mentioned treatment process, the present invention adopts plant Organic residues fast and harmless to process and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes treatment facility to finish work for the treatment of.
The processing of plant Organic residues fast and harmless and Fertilizer Transformed referring to Fig. 1 utilize treatment facility, comprise pre-processing device, warming-up device and automatic fermentation equipment, material after pre-processing device is processed is put in the automatic fermentation equipment, warming-up device directly links together with automatic fermentation equipment, pre-processing device is two pulverizers, automatically fermentation equipment comprises shell, helical stir mechanism, transmission system, ventilation system and control section, described driving part is electric motor, be arranged on one side of shell, helical stir mechanism is arranged on the bottom in the shell, be connected step-down gear by sprocket wheel with chain, under the drive of electric motor, rotate, described control section is arranged on the shell, and ventilation system is comprised of blower fan and pipeline, be arranged on body below; Warming-up device is arranged on the next door of automatic fermentation equipment, arrives in the shell of automatic fermentation equipment by hose connection.
Treatment facility of the present invention in use, technical process according to the residual body treatment process of vegetables, first the residual body of the vegetables of collecting is put in the pre-processing device and pulverized, adding wood chip, husk and oil meal puts into mixing in the automatic fermentation equipment, stirs and fermentation again, through a series of fermenting process, material namely can be used as the finished product fertilizers material and is administered in the soil, also can bank up to improve fertilizer efficiency or insert additive to improve edatope or arrangement storage with for subsequent use.In the different fermentations stage during the fermentation, heat or the purpose of fermentation stirs to reach in helical stir mechanism by control section control warming-up device.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. the processing of plant Organic residues fast and harmless and Fertilizer Transformed utilize technique, it is characterized in that, adopt the technique that automaticmachines is processed and quick fermentation is processed to process the residual body of vegetables, and the concrete technology step is as follows:
(1) material pre-treatment: with the residual body classification of the vegetables of collecting, for the residual body of green vegetable, the residual body of solanaceous vegetables, the residual body of melon-fruit-like vegetable and the residual body of tuberous vegetable, drop into respectively disintegrating apparatus and pulverize;
(2) proportioning: the good residual body of vegetables of will classifying mixes respectively at wood chip, husk and oil meal, adjusts different proportioning ratios according to different classification, mixes, and keeps the water ratio of material about 50%;
(3) fermentation: the material after will mixing drops into fermentation equipment and ferments, and fermenting process is divided into 4 stages:
1. High Temperature Sterilization: with about the material lifting to 80 in the fermentation equipment ℃, and kept 4-6 hour, kill germs most in the material;
2. thermophilic fermentation: material is cooled to about 60 ℃, adds zymophyte, fermented 15-20 hour, decompose most of organism in the material;
3. low temperature fermentation: material is cooled to about 40 ℃, adds the soil probiotics, stir culture is about 1 hour;
(4) postheat treatment: material by fermentation, can be used as finished product fertilizer and be administered in the soil, also can bank up to improve fertilizer efficiency, to bank up 7 days, it is best that its fertilizer efficiency and beneficial microorganism reach.
2. based on above-mentioned treatment process, the present invention adopts plant Organic residues fast and harmless to process and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes treatment facility to finish work for the treatment of, it is characterized in that, described treatment facility comprises pre-processing device, warming-up device and automatic fermentation equipment, material after pre-processing device is processed is put in the automatic fermentation equipment, warming-up device directly links together with automatic fermentation equipment, and wherein, pre-processing device is pulverizer; Automatically fermentation equipment comprises shell, helical stir mechanism, transmission system, ventilation system and control section, described driving part is electric motor, be arranged on one side of shell, helical stir mechanism is arranged on the bottom in the shell, be connected step-down gear by sprocket wheel with chain, rotate under the drive of electric motor, described control section is arranged on the shell, ventilation system is comprised of blower fan and pipeline, be arranged on body below; Warming-up device is arranged on the next door of automatic fermentation equipment, arrives in the shell of automatic fermentation equipment by hose connection.
3. plant Organic residues fast and harmless processing according to claim 2 and Fertilizer Transformed utilize treatment facility, it is characterized in that the opening for feed of described automatic fermentation equipment is at the top, and discharge port is arranged on the mid-way of bottom.
4. plant Organic residues fast and harmless processing according to claim 2 and Fertilizer Transformed utilize treatment facility, it is characterized in that the helical stir mechanism of described automatic fermentation equipment is provided with spiral driving blade.
5. plant Organic residues fast and harmless processing according to claim 2 and Fertilizer Transformed utilize treatment facility, it is characterized in that, described automatic fermentation equipment adopts corrosion resistant material.
6. plant Organic residues fast and harmless processing according to claim 1 and Fertilizer Transformed utilize technique, it is characterized in that, the stirring of described fermentation stage adopts interval type to stir, and temperature, ventilation and discharging in the automation control appliance.
7. plant Organic residues fast and harmless processing according to claim 1 and Fertilizer Transformed utilize technique, it is characterized in that described fermentation stage directly enters thermophilic fermentation, to realize fast processing organic waste in 24 hours.
8. plant Organic residues fast and harmless according to claim 1 is processed and Fertilizer Transformed utilizes technique, it is characterized in that, described process selection the profitable strain that needs of soil improvement, and filter out the kind of accelerating fermentation, to realize quick fermentation.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN103373867A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-10-30 | 长沙碧野生态农业科技有限公司 | Technology for biochemical treatment and fertilizer use of tobacco invalidism body |
| CN104366010A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-02-25 | 曹玮 | Ecological comprehensive treatment process of waste vegetable leaves |
| CN104996025A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-10-28 | 六安市裕南春蔬果种植专业合作社 | Soil improving method |
| CN105016801A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-04 | 上海工程技术大学 | Vegetable and fruit waste integrated treatment process |
| CN105363764A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-02 | 广州东升农场有限公司 | Vegetable waste comprehensive utilization device |
| CN106495760A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-15 | 苏州漕湖农发生物农业有限公司 | Field waste agronomic crop Application way |
| CN106938949A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-11 | 山东米高生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for loading high concentration bacillus subtilis kitchen garbage organic fertilizer |
| CN107011006A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-08-04 | 山东米高生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for loading high concentration bacillus coagulans kitchen garbage organic fertilizer |
| CN107857609A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Using vegetables straw is quick, the method that safely prepares organic fertilizer |
| CN112479789A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-12 | 四川大学 | Traditional Chinese medicine residue bio-organic fertilizer special for blueberries and preparation method and application thereof |
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