CN101867205A - Device and method for maintaining lithium ion battery pack - Google Patents

Device and method for maintaining lithium ion battery pack Download PDF

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CN101867205A
CN101867205A CN201010191014A CN201010191014A CN101867205A CN 101867205 A CN101867205 A CN 101867205A CN 201010191014 A CN201010191014 A CN 201010191014A CN 201010191014 A CN201010191014 A CN 201010191014A CN 101867205 A CN101867205 A CN 101867205A
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battery
voltage
lithium ion
ion battery
mean value
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CN101867205B (en
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汪建建
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Wuhu Qida Power Battery System Co ltd
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SAIC Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for maintaining a lithium ion battery pack, belonging to the field of maintenance of the lithium ion battery pack. The device comprises an MCU, a voltage detection unit and an equalization unit, wherein the MCU is used for sending control signals to control the voltage detection unit to detect the voltage of each battery before and when the lithium ion battery pack is charged, calculating initial voltage average value and real-time voltage average value, and sending control signals to control the equalization unit to conduct charging and discharging; the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the voltage of each battery before and when the lithium ion battery pack is charged; and the equalization unit is used for charging the battery before the lithium ion battery pack is charged, wherein the difference between the voltage value of the battery and the initial voltage average value is more than a preset threshold value, charging the lithium ion battery pack and discharging the battery, wherein the difference between the voltage value of the battery and the real-time voltage average value is more than a preset threshold value. The invention avoids the situations that individual batteries are not full-charged or are overcharged and prolongs the service life of the entire lithium ion battery pack.

Description

The device and method of maintaining lithium ion battery pack
Technical field
The present invention relates to the area of maintenance of lithium ion battery group, particularly a kind of device and method of maintaining lithium ion battery pack.
Background technology
The lithium ion battery group generally is in series by more piece larger capacity lithium ion battery, is widely used in the power supply of hybrid vehicle, electric automobile.Because battery employed material inequality in the processing and manufacturing process, and in use can there be differences such as temperature, life-span in battery, causes the parameters such as internal resistance, terminal voltage, capacity of battery to have inconsistency.
Because there is inconsistency in battery cell, causes the overdischarge of individual cell monomer or overcharge.If things go on like this, battery is caused damage.In the prior art; when the lithium ion battery group is safeguarded; can carry out real-time monitoring and show in real time voltage, the temperature of battery cell by host computer; but; usually can be because one, two problem that battery overdischarge occurs or overcharges wherein; cause the entire lithium ion battery group to go wrong, thereby cause shorten the useful life of lithium ion battery group.
Summary of the invention
The problem of the lithium ion battery group lost of life that the individual cell monomer overcharges or overdischarge causes in the lithium ion battery group the invention provides a kind of device and method of maintaining lithium ion battery pack.Described technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of device of maintaining lithium ion battery pack, described device comprise micro-control unit MCU, voltage detection unit and equalization unit;
Described MCU, be used for sending control signal and control described voltage detection unit detects each battery with charging process before the charging of lithium ion battery group voltage, and described voltage detection unit detected all voltages before the charging of described lithium ion battery group are averaged obtain initial voltage mean value, described voltage detection unit detected all voltages in described lithium ion charging process are averaged obtains real-time voltage mean value, also is used to send control signal and controls described equalization unit and charge and discharge;
Described voltage detection unit is used for the voltage according to control signal each battery before described lithium ion battery group charging and in the described lithium ion battery group of charging process detection of described MCU;
Described equalization unit, be used for before described lithium ion battery group charging, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the described initial voltage mean value battery greater than reservation threshold being charged, equal described initial voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery according to the control signal of described MCU; Also be used for described lithium ion battery group being charged according to the control signal of described MCU, and in charging process, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the described real-time voltage mean value battery greater than reservation threshold is discharged, equal described real-time voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery.
Described device also comprises:
Host computer is used to show the connection status of described lithium ion battery group and described device and the voltage of each battery; Also be used to receive user's instruction and hand to described MCU and handle.
Described voltage detection unit comprises: decoder and a plurality of analog switch;
Described decoder, the control signal that is used for charging process described MCU being sent before described lithium ion battery group charging is converted to enable signal, and described enable signal is used at the corresponding analog switch of described a plurality of analog switch gatings;
Each analog switch in described a plurality of analog switch, be connected with a plurality of sampling channels, be used for before described lithium ion battery group charging, receiving the control signal that described MCU sends with charging process, according to this control signal corresponding sampling channel of gating in described a plurality of sampling channels, detect the voltage of corresponding battery.
The quantity of the battery that described voltage detection unit can detect is more than or equal to the quantity of battery in the described lithium ion battery group.
Described equalization unit comprises a plurality of equalization subelements, wherein each equalization subelement is used for battery to specified quantity and charges and discharge, and the summation of the number of batteries of all equalization subelement correspondences equals the quantity of battery in the described lithium ion battery group.
Described each equalization subelement includes:
Resistance is used for the battery discharge to the specified quantity of described equalization unit correspondence;
Insulating power supply is used for the battery charge to the specified quantity of described equalization unit correspondence;
Switch is used to the switching of charging and discharging.
Described each equalization subelement carries out charge or discharge to a battery in the battery of its corresponding specified quantity at every turn.
When described each equalization subelement charges to the battery of its corresponding specified quantity, begin charging from the battery of the difference maximum of magnitude of voltage and described initial voltage mean value, when the battery of its corresponding specified quantity is discharged, begin discharge from the battery of the difference maximum of magnitude of voltage and described real-time voltage mean value.
A kind of method of utilizing said apparatus maintaining lithium ion battery pack, described method comprises:
Before described lithium ion battery group charging, detect the voltage of each battery in the described lithium ion battery group, the voltage of all batteries is averaged, obtain initial voltage mean value;
Calculate the difference of the magnitude of voltage and the described initial voltage mean value of each battery in the described lithium ion battery group, the battery of difference greater than reservation threshold charged, equal described initial voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery;
Described lithium ion battery group is charged, in charging process, detect the voltage of each battery in the described lithium ion battery group, voltage to all batteries is averaged, obtain real-time voltage mean value, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the described real-time voltage mean value battery greater than described reservation threshold is discharged, equal described real-time voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery.
Described the battery of difference greater than reservation threshold charged, comprising:
If it is a plurality of that difference has greater than the battery of predetermined threshold,, wherein each battery is charged then from the battery of difference maximum.
The difference of magnitude of voltage and the described real-time voltage mean value battery greater than described reservation threshold is discharged, comprising:
If it is a plurality of that the difference of magnitude of voltage and described real-time voltage mean value has greater than the battery of described reservation threshold,, wherein each battery is discharged then from the battery of difference maximum.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that example of the present invention provides is brought is: before to the charging of lithium ion battery group the battery cell on the low side of the individual voltages in the lithium ion battery group is carried out charging balance maintenance, again in the process of charging to the lithium ion battery group in individual voltages raise faster that battery cell discharges, change the inconsistency of battery, the phenomenon of avoiding individual cell to be not fully filled or overcharge, minimizing prolongs the life-span of entire lithium ion battery group to the infringement that battery causes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is device one schematic diagram of the maintaining lithium ion battery pack that provides of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the another schematic diagram of device of the maintaining lithium ion battery pack that provides of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of MCU and voltage detection unit in the device of the maintaining lithium ion battery pack that provides of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is an equalization cellular construction schematic diagram in the device of the maintaining lithium ion battery pack that provides of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 5 is method one flow chart of the maintaining lithium ion battery pack that provides of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, present embodiment provides a kind of device of maintaining lithium ion battery pack, comprising: micro-control unit MCU101, voltage detection unit 102 and equalization unit 103;
MCU101, be used for sending control signal control voltage detection unit 102 detects each battery with charging process before the charging of lithium ion battery group voltage, and voltage detection unit 102 detected all voltages before lithium ion battery group charging are averaged obtain initial voltage mean value, voltage detection unit 102 detected all voltages in the lithium ion charging process are averaged obtains real-time voltage mean value, also is used to send control signal control equalization unit 103 and charges and discharge;
Voltage detection unit 102 is used for the voltage according to control signal each battery before the charging of lithium ion battery group and in the charging process detection lithium ion battery group of MCU101;
Equalization unit 103 is used for the difference of magnitude of voltage and the initial voltage mean value battery greater than reservation threshold being charged before the charging of lithium ion battery group according to the control signal of MCU101, equals initial voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery; Also be used for the lithium ion battery group being charged, and in charging process, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the real-time voltage mean value battery greater than reservation threshold discharged, equal real-time voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery according to the control signal of MCU101.
Referring to Fig. 2, present embodiment also provides a kind of device of maintaining lithium ion battery pack, on the basis of device shown in Figure 1, also comprise host computer 104 and controller local area network CAN105, host computer 104 is man-machine interaction units, has the demonstration connection status, the voltage of each battery cell, and ask the user for instructions, receive user's instruction and hand to the function that MCU101 handles; MCU101 and host computer 104 are connected by CAN105, communicate; CAN105 has perfect communication protocol, and is the fieldbus with traffic rate height, easy realization, cost performance advantages of higher; Concrete communication mode is according to prior art, and MCU101 all adopts CAN to communicate by letter with communicating by letter of host computer 104 in the present embodiment, is finished by CAN105, and present embodiment is not done qualification to concrete communication mode.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 3, voltage detection unit 102 can specifically comprise: decoder 1021 and a plurality of analog switch 1022, decoder 1021 is used for being converted to enable signal in the control signal that lithium ion battery group maintenance process (before comprising charging and in the charging process) is sent MCU101, and this enable signal is used at the corresponding analog switch of these a plurality of analog switch gatings; These a plurality of analog switches 1022 comprise analog switch 1022a, analog switch 1022b, analog switch 1022c and analog switch 1022d, are the example explanation with 4 analog switches among the figure.Certainly, the number of these a plurality of analog switches 1022 can be decided according to the battery number in the battery pack of reality in the present embodiment, and purpose is the voltage that can collect each battery, and present embodiment is not done concrete qualification to the number of analog switch 1022.For example, control signal 1,2,3 can convert 4 enable signals to by decoder in Fig. 3, in can 4 analog switches of gating 1.Each analog switch in above-mentioned a plurality of analog switch 1022, all be connected with a plurality of sampling channels, be used for receiving the control signal that MCU101 sends in lithium ion battery group maintenance process (before comprising charging and in the charging process), according to this control signal corresponding sampling channel of gating in a plurality of sampling channels that connected, detect the voltage of corresponding battery.For example, each analog switch is connected with 8 sampling channels among Fig. 3, and control signal 4,5,6 is used for the corresponding sampling channel of gating on each analog switch, detects the voltage of corresponding battery cell.
After voltage detection unit 102 receives the control signal that MCU101 sends, wherein a part of control signal is converted to enable signal by decoder 1021, be used for selecting the one or more of analog switch 1022, another part control signal is used for being controlled at one or more sampling channels that gating links to each other on each analog switch, finishing the switching of sampling channel, and send the cell voltage data by MCU101 and show by host computer 104.Wherein, gating all batteries monomer carries out voltage sample simultaneously.
For example, control signal 4,5 among Fig. 3, and 6 control the gating of 8 sampling channels of each analog switch respectively, and these 3 control signals can gating 2 3=8 sampling channels, control signal 1,2,3 by 4 analog switches of decoder 4 enable signal gatings of generation, so can produce 32 signals, wherein, each signal controlling 4 batteries is so can control the gating of 128 batteries.Control signal 1,2,3,4,5,6 send by MCU101.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of the battery that voltage detection unit 102 can detect is more than or equal to the quantity of battery in the lithium ion battery group.
In the present embodiment, equalization unit 103 can comprise a plurality of equalization subelements, wherein each equalization subelement is used for the battery cell of specified quantity is charged and the equalization discharge maintenance, and the summation of the battery cell quantity of all equalization subelement correspondences equals the quantity of battery cell in the described lithium ion battery group.Referring to Fig. 4, equalization unit 103 comprises: the first equalization subelement 103a, ..., N equalization subelement 103n, comprise in each equalization subelement: a resistance, an insulating power supply and a switch, wherein, this resistance is used for the battery discharge to the specified quantity of equalization subelement correspondence, this insulating power supply is used for the battery charge to the specified quantity of equalization subelement correspondence, and this switch is used to the switching of charging and discharging.Among the figure, the first equalization subelement 103a comprises the first resistance 103a1, the first insulating power supply 103a2 and the first switch 103a3, and by that analogy, N equalization subelement 103n comprises N resistance 103n1, N insulating power supply 103n2 and N switch 103n3; Present embodiment is not done qualification to the concrete mode that discharges and recharges.
Further, each equalization subelement can only carry out the charge or discharge equalized maintenance to a battery cell in the battery of the specified quantity of this unit correspondence at every turn, and the charge or discharge process of different units can be carried out simultaneously.And, when same equalization subelement charges to the battery of its corresponding specified quantity, begin to charge from a cell of the difference maximum of monomer voltage and initial voltage mean value, when the difference of the voltage of this battery and initial voltage mean value is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, stop this cell is carried out charging balance maintenance, again detect the battery of the difference of monomer voltage and initial voltage mean value again, proceed charging balance maintenance greater than predetermined threshold value.In like manner, when same equalization subelement discharges to the battery of its corresponding specified quantity, begin to discharge from a cell of the difference maximum of monomer voltage and real-time voltage mean value, when the difference of the voltage of this battery and real-time voltage mean value is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, stopping that this cell is carried out equalization discharge safeguards, again detect the battery of the difference of monomer voltage and real-time voltage mean value again, proceed equalization discharge and safeguard greater than predetermined threshold value.In the process of charge or discharge equalized maintenance, the magnitude of voltage of battery cell sends to host computer in real time by MCU and shows.
For example, the equalization unit is divided into 11 equalization subelements, 11 battery cells are arranged in each subelement, the process of each equalization is promptly found out the difference maximum of a monomer voltage value and initial voltage mean value in 11 battery cells of each unit battery cell carries out charging balance maintenance, the battery cell of perhaps finding out the difference maximum of a monomer voltage value and real-time voltage mean value carries out equalization discharge to be safeguarded, 11 equalization subelements can carry out work simultaneously, but once can only carry out the charge or discharge equalized maintenance to a batteries monomer in same equalization subelement.
The said apparatus that present embodiment provides carries out charging balance maintenance by before charging to the battery cell on the low side of the individual voltages in the lithium ion battery group, again in the process of charging to the lithium ion battery group in the individual voltages battery cell that raises faster carry out equalization discharge and safeguard, change the inconsistency of battery, the phenomenon of avoiding individual cell to be not fully filled or overcharge, minimizing prolongs the life-span of entire lithium ion battery group to the infringement that battery causes.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 5, present embodiment provides a kind of method of utilizing said apparatus maintaining lithium ion battery pack, comprising:
501: before the charging of lithium ion battery group, detect the voltage of each battery in the lithium ion battery group, the voltage of all batteries is averaged, obtain initial voltage mean value;
502: calculate the magnitude of voltage of each battery in the lithium ion battery group and the difference of initial voltage mean value, the battery of difference greater than reservation threshold charged, equal initial voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery;
503: the lithium ion battery group is charged, in charging process, detect the voltage of each battery in the lithium ion battery group, voltage to all batteries is averaged, obtain real-time voltage mean value, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the real-time voltage mean value battery greater than reservation threshold is discharged, equal real-time voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery.
In the present embodiment, the battery of difference greater than reservation threshold charged, can specifically comprise:
If it is a plurality of that difference has greater than the battery of predetermined threshold,, wherein each battery is charged then from the battery of difference maximum.
In the present embodiment, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the real-time voltage mean value battery greater than reservation threshold is discharged, can specifically comprise:
If it is a plurality of that the difference of magnitude of voltage and real-time voltage mean value has greater than the battery of reservation threshold,, wherein each battery is discharged then from the battery of difference maximum.
The said method that present embodiment provides carries out charging balance maintenance by before charging to the battery cell on the low side of the individual voltages in the lithium ion battery group, again in the process of charging to the lithium ion battery group in the individual voltages battery cell that raises faster carry out equalization discharge and safeguard, change the inconsistency of battery, the phenomenon of avoiding individual cell to be not fully filled or overcharge, minimizing prolongs the life-span of entire lithium ion battery group to the infringement that battery causes.
All or part of content in the technical scheme that above embodiment provides can realize that its software program is stored in the storage medium that can read by software programming, storage medium for example: the hard disk in the computer, CD or floppy disk.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. the device of a maintaining lithium ion battery pack is characterized in that, described device comprises micro-control unit MCU, voltage detection unit and equalization unit;
Described MCU, be used for sending control signal and control described voltage detection unit detects each battery with charging process before the charging of lithium ion battery group voltage, and described voltage detection unit detected all voltages before the charging of described lithium ion battery group are averaged obtain initial voltage mean value, described voltage detection unit detected all voltages in described lithium ion charging process are averaged obtains real-time voltage mean value, also is used to send control signal and controls described equalization unit and charge and discharge;
Described voltage detection unit is used for the voltage according to control signal each battery before described lithium ion battery group charging and in the described lithium ion battery group of charging process detection of described MCU;
Described equalization unit, be used for before described lithium ion battery group charging, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the described initial voltage mean value battery greater than reservation threshold being charged, equal described initial voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery according to the control signal of described MCU; Also be used for described lithium ion battery group being charged according to the control signal of described MCU, and in charging process, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the described real-time voltage mean value battery greater than reservation threshold is discharged, equal described real-time voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery.
2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Host computer is used to show the connection status of described lithium ion battery group and described device and the voltage of each battery; Also be used to receive user's instruction and hand to described MCU and handle.
3. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described voltage detection unit comprises: decoder and a plurality of analog switch;
Described decoder, the control signal that is used for charging process described MCU being sent before described lithium ion battery group charging is converted to enable signal, and described enable signal is used at the corresponding analog switch of described a plurality of analog switch gatings;
Each analog switch in described a plurality of analog switch, be connected with a plurality of sampling channels, be used for before described lithium ion battery group charging, receiving the control signal that described MCU sends with charging process, according to this control signal corresponding sampling channel of gating in described a plurality of sampling channels, detect the voltage of corresponding battery.
4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the quantity of the battery that described voltage detection unit can detect is more than or equal to the quantity of battery in the described lithium ion battery group.
5. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described equalization unit comprises a plurality of equalization subelements, wherein each equalization subelement is used for battery to specified quantity and charges and discharge, and the summation of the number of batteries of all equalization subelement correspondences equals the quantity of battery in the described lithium ion battery group.
6. device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described each equalization subelement includes:
Resistance is used for the battery discharge to the specified quantity of described equalization subelement correspondence;
Insulating power supply is used for the battery charge to the specified quantity of described equalization subelement correspondence;
Switch is used to the switching of charging and discharging.
7. device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described each equalization subelement carries out charge or discharge to a battery in the battery of its corresponding specified quantity at every turn.
8. device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, when described each equalization subelement charges to the battery of its corresponding specified quantity, begin charging from the battery of the difference maximum of magnitude of voltage and described initial voltage mean value, when the battery of its corresponding specified quantity is discharged, begin discharge from the battery of the difference maximum of magnitude of voltage and described real-time voltage mean value.
9. utilize the method for the described device maintaining lithium ion of claim 1 battery pack, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Before described lithium ion battery group charging, detect the voltage of each battery in the described lithium ion battery group, the voltage of all batteries is averaged, obtain initial voltage mean value;
Calculate the difference of the magnitude of voltage and the described initial voltage mean value of each battery in the described lithium ion battery group, the battery of difference greater than reservation threshold charged, equal described initial voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery;
Described lithium ion battery group is charged, in charging process, detect the voltage of each battery in the described lithium ion battery group, voltage to all batteries is averaged, obtain real-time voltage mean value, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the described real-time voltage mean value battery greater than described reservation threshold is discharged, equal described real-time voltage mean value up to the magnitude of voltage of this battery.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described the battery of difference greater than reservation threshold is charged, and comprising:
If it is a plurality of that difference has greater than the battery of predetermined threshold,, wherein each battery is charged then from the battery of difference maximum.
11. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the difference of magnitude of voltage and the described real-time voltage mean value battery greater than described reservation threshold is discharged, and comprising:
If it is a plurality of that the difference of magnitude of voltage and described real-time voltage mean value has greater than the battery of described reservation threshold,, wherein each battery is discharged then from the battery of difference maximum.
CN2010101910148A 2010-06-02 2010-06-02 Device and method for maintaining lithium ion battery pack Expired - Fee Related CN101867205B (en)

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