CN101872991A - Balance control method of power battery pack - Google Patents
Balance control method of power battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN101872991A CN101872991A CN 201010213210 CN201010213210A CN101872991A CN 101872991 A CN101872991 A CN 101872991A CN 201010213210 CN201010213210 CN 201010213210 CN 201010213210 A CN201010213210 A CN 201010213210A CN 101872991 A CN101872991 A CN 101872991A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of power battery pack charging and particularly discloses a balance control method of a power battery pack in the charging process. The balance control method comprises the following steps of: finishing charging when some a monomer reaches the fully charging condition in the charging process, collecting the voltage of each battery monomer and recording a battery monomer if the voltage of the battery monomer is not in a set fully charging region; and carrying out balance operation on the recorded battery monomer when charging the battery pack again, balancing in a reciprocating way and charging the battery pack until each battery monomer in the battery pack simultaneously reaches the fully charging condition. The balance operation adopts a resistance discharging mode, and discharging balance time per time is a charging period. The balance control method is suitable for various battery packs in particular to lithium iron phosphate battery packs. The whole set of the batteries are finally fully charged through the method, thereby efficiently enhancing the whole set energy utilization ratio of batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power battery pack charging field, be specifically related to the balanced control strategy when power battery pack charged.
Background technology
In order to reach certain voltage, power and energy grade, battery need be connected and be used in groups, as electric bicycle, energy-storage system, direct current system etc.Consistency of battery pack is that battery strings is unified into one of core of organizing application technology, directly has influence on fail safe and high efficiency that battery pack is used.But facts have proved that consistency of battery pack is relative, inconsistent but is absolute.Cause the inconsistent reason of battery pack mainly contain following some: (1) battery before dispatching from the factory owing to the reason of making and change into screening technology, the inconsistent meeting that can not guarantee parameters unanimity, the particularly initial SOC of battery when battery cell dispatches from the factory just causes the inconsistent of battery pack in the battery pack starting stage; (2) battery cell position difference in use, there is certain difference in working temperature, ventilation battery cell temperature is low, and other local battery cell temperature can be higher relatively, the difference of temperature causes the self-discharge rate of battery inconsistent, and the difference accumulation can cause the unbalanced of battery SOC for a long time; (3) coulombic efficiency is inconsistent, the series battery electric current that monomer flow is crossed in charging and discharge process equates, but because each monomer environment of living in inconsistent causes the inconsistent of its coulombic efficiency, in this case, actual charging capacity of battery different monomers and discharge capacity will cause difference.
Because the inconsistency of cell causes battery pack in the charging stage, certain batteries may occur and overcharge phenomenon in advance, and, certain batteries then occur and cross the phenomenon of putting in advance than other battery at discharge regime than other battery.The inconsistency of battery cell in the battery pack, the efficient of battery pack and the fail safe of use there is very big influence, therefore be necessary to provide a kind of effective balance control method,, improve the service efficiency and the fail safe of battery pack so that battery pack has good consistency.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention need solve provides the balance control method in a kind of batteries charging process.
For addressing the above problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of balance control method of power battery pack is provided, the steps include:
(1) battery pack is charged, when a certain monomer reach setting be full of condition the time, complete charge is carried out equilibrium and is judged;
(2) gather each battery cell voltage, be not in if any battery cell voltage within " being full of the interval " of setting, then record needs balanced battery cell;
During (3) once more to batteries charging, the battery cell that writes down is carried out equalization operation, other battery cell is charged, repeat above-mentioned steps each battery cell in battery pack and reach the condition of being full of simultaneously.
The battery cell of the needs equilibrium of record is to reach to be full of interval battery in the described step 2.
Concrete scheme is: described equalization operation adopts resistance discharging mode, promptly parallel discharge resistance is distinguished at each battery cell two ends in battery pack, each resistance metal-oxide-semiconductor of connecting, described metal-oxide-semiconductor be controlled by the controller conducting or by so the break-make of control discharge loop; The time of each equalization discharge is a charge cycle.
The SOC-OCV curve ratio of ferrous phosphate lithium battery is milder, SOC open circuit voltage in the 10%-90% interval range is constant substantially, therefore can't adopt the real-time voltage detection mode to judge capacity volume variance between the battery cell, therefore be difficult to it is carried out equalization operation.
Balance control method of the present invention is applicable to various battery pack, ferrous phosphate lithium battery group particularly, it utilizes ferrous phosphate lithium battery in the high-end change in voltage of SOC characteristics faster, whether gather battery open circuit voltage variation flex point is full of with the identification battery, as foundation balanced in the middle of the charging process next time, finally reach the purpose that whole Battery pack is full of simultaneously, effectively improve whole group of capacity usage ratio of battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is described conductive discharge equalizing circuit schematic diagram;
External voltage change curve when Fig. 2 is ferrous phosphate lithium battery group constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging.
Embodiment
For the ease of those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The step of balance control method of power battery pack of the present invention is:
(1) battery pack is charged, when a certain monomer reach setting be full of condition the time, complete charge is carried out equilibrium and is judged;
(2) gather each battery cell voltage, be not in if any battery cell voltage within " being full of the interval " of setting, then record needs balanced battery cell;
During (3) once more to batteries charging, the battery cell that writes down is carried out equalization operation, other battery cell is charged, repeat above-mentioned steps each battery cell in battery pack and reach the condition of being full of simultaneously.
During concrete enforcement, battery management system can adopt typical principal and subordinate's control model.Sending " balanced judgement " order by mainboard orders with " the balanced execution "; Finish battery external voltage sampling by slave plate, response mainboard order is also controlled the break-make of the discharge loop of any battery cell.
Described conductive discharge equalizing circuit as shown in Figure 1.Each battery cell (celll-celln) two ends parallel discharge resistance respectively in battery pack, each resistance metal-oxide-semiconductor (T1-Tn) of connecting, described metal-oxide-semiconductor be subjected to from machine controller control conducting or by so control the break-make of each battery cell discharge loop; The time of each equalization discharge is a charge cycle.
Among the present invention program, only and if only if all batteries monomer finishes moment in charging reaches when being full of the interval, battery pack does not need equilibrium, is full of the interval as long as there is a battery not enter, and then needs other battery is discharged.
Utilize the voltage acquisition line that battery is carried out equalization discharge in the scheme, control the break-make in balanced loop from machine controller, the euqalizing current size is by the resistance decision of battery external voltage and discharge resistance.The resistance of discharge resistance generally can suitably be adjusted according to the volume and the heat-sinking capability of management system, to adapt to the needs of different battery capacities, can arbitrarily choose from 30 ohm-100 ohm.
Representative value is 100 ohm, and this resistance has also just determined the size of euqalizing current.Euqalizing current: I
b=U
Cell/ R
b, U
CellBe cell external voltage R
bBe balanced discharge resistance.
Ferrous phosphate lithium battery U
CellOperation interval be 3.0V-3.65V, if R
bSelect 100 ohm of representative values for use, then the euqalizing current maximum is no more than 40mA, charge according to 0.5C constant current constant voltage mode, then whole charging process is no more than three hours at most, that is to say if whole charging process battery cell all carries out equalization discharge, emit electric weight at most and also can not surpass 0.12Ah, and for the design capacity electrokinetic cell that is 20Ah, single charge process maximum is emitted capacity and only is whole pool-size 0.6%, so equalization methods of the present invention with a charging process as the unit time for balance cycle, the time span that does not need detailed estimating battery equilibrium can realize whole Battery pack equilibrium by a plurality of balanced cycles.Whole group time for balance is relevant with battery consistency, if consistency of battery pack is better, time for balance can be shorter so, otherwise time for balance can prolong.Through equilibrium repeatedly, battery cell finally can reach the effect of high-end alignment in the battery pack, and monomer battery voltage can reach simultaneously and be full of the interval when promptly guaranteeing the charging end.
For being full of interval setting, during concrete enforcement, select consistency in the battery pack preferably the charging knee voltage of most battery cells determine that according to various battery behaviors a magnitude of voltage is for being full of voltage for being full of interval lower limit, reach this voltage and be considered as being full of, this voltage is as being full of the interval upper limit.For example, for ferrous phosphate lithium battery, reaching the standard grade is generally 3.65V.
Embodiment:
External voltage change curve when Fig. 2 is one group of eight string ferrous phosphate lithium battery group constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging.As can be seen from the figure, in the second half section of charging process, the voltage that measures battery 1 is apparently higher than other monomer voltages, all be to reduce charging current with regard to causing like this, and other monomers obviously also do not reach the charging voltage upper limit because monomer 1 reaches upper voltage limit in the constant voltage charge stage at every turn.The method of the invention finishes moment T1 constantly in battery charge, detects the battery cell open circuit voltage, sets charging knee voltage V if monomer voltage has reached
Th, think that then battery is full of, otherwise think that battery is not full of, this moment, record was full of the sequence number of battery, the charging process equalizer switch (metal-oxide-semiconductor) of opening these batteries discharges next time, cuts off all balanced loops when charging finishes, and carries out balancedly next time judging.This method is in the charging process of battery battery to be carried out equalization discharge, though consumed the energy of part charge power supply, but the battery capacity of charging into still is the maximum available of current battery pack, so can not reduce the utilisable energy of whole Battery pack, this also is that the method for the invention is different from other equalization discharge methods a bit.
Need to prove that above-mentioned only is preferred implementation of the present invention, conceive under the prerequisite its any minor variations of doing and be equal to replacement not breaking away from the present invention, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. balance control method of power battery pack the steps include:
(1) battery pack is charged, when a certain monomer reach setting be full of condition the time, complete charge is carried out equilibrium and is judged;
(2) gather each battery cell voltage, be not in if any battery cell voltage within " being full of the interval " of setting, then record needs balanced battery cell;
During (3) once more to batteries charging, the battery cell that writes down is carried out equalization operation, other battery cell is charged, repeat above-mentioned steps each battery cell in battery pack and reach the condition of being full of simultaneously.
2. balance control method of power battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the battery cell of the needs equilibrium of record is to reach to be full of interval battery in the described step (2).
3. balance control method of power battery pack according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described equalization operation adopts resistance discharging mode, promptly parallel discharge resistance is distinguished at each battery cell two ends in battery pack, each resistance metal-oxide-semiconductor of connecting, described metal-oxide-semiconductor be controlled by the controller conducting or by so the break-make of control discharge loop.
4. balance control method of power battery pack according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the time of each equalization discharge is a charge cycle.
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| CN 201010213210 CN101872991A (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2010-06-28 | Balance control method of power battery pack |
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| CN 201010213210 CN101872991A (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2010-06-28 | Balance control method of power battery pack |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102306941A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-01-04 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Battery pack capacity coupling method and battery pack capacity coupling apparatus |
| WO2012000292A1 (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2012-01-05 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Charging and discharging equalization control method for power battery pack |
| CN102856984A (en) * | 2012-06-30 | 2013-01-02 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Multi-parallel-and-serial super capacitor system balancing method |
| CN104122447A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-10-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Online estimation method for direct current resistance of power battery of electric vehicle |
| CN104215910A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-17 | 钱亚琴 | Detection and diagnosis method for lithium ion battery pack |
| CN105871019A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Passive balance control method |
| CN107591867A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-16 | 安徽优旦科技有限公司 | A kind of passive equalising control device of electrokinetic cell and method |
| CN108448671A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-24 | 南通宁远自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of external passive balancer |
| CN108551182A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-18 | 南通宁远自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of charging equalization apparatus |
| WO2019042410A1 (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization method and system, vehicle, storage medium, and electronic device |
| CN111404233A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 安徽星玛新能源有限公司 | Battery management system |
| CN113098113A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-07-09 | 淮北市千锂鸟新能源科技有限公司 | Intelligent balancing method and device for series battery pack |
| CN113872278A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-31 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Battery module with battery capable of being independently charged in single body and charging method thereof |
| CN115102265A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-23 | 南京模砾半导体有限责任公司 | Circuit for selecting non-adjacent batteries in battery equalization and implementation method thereof |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012000292A1 (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2012-01-05 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Charging and discharging equalization control method for power battery pack |
| CN102306941A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-01-04 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Battery pack capacity coupling method and battery pack capacity coupling apparatus |
| CN102306941B (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2014-11-05 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Battery pack capacity coupling method and battery pack capacity coupling apparatus |
| CN102856984B (en) * | 2012-06-30 | 2016-01-13 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Many and go here and there super capacitor system equalization methods |
| CN102856984A (en) * | 2012-06-30 | 2013-01-02 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Multi-parallel-and-serial super capacitor system balancing method |
| CN104122447B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Online estimation method for direct current resistance of power battery of electric vehicle |
| CN104122447A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-10-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Online estimation method for direct current resistance of power battery of electric vehicle |
| CN104215910A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-17 | 钱亚琴 | Detection and diagnosis method for lithium ion battery pack |
| CN105871019A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Passive balance control method |
| WO2019042410A1 (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization method and system, vehicle, storage medium, and electronic device |
| CN107591867A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-16 | 安徽优旦科技有限公司 | A kind of passive equalising control device of electrokinetic cell and method |
| CN108448671A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-24 | 南通宁远自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of external passive balancer |
| CN108551182A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-18 | 南通宁远自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of charging equalization apparatus |
| CN111404233A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 安徽星玛新能源有限公司 | Battery management system |
| CN113098113A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-07-09 | 淮北市千锂鸟新能源科技有限公司 | Intelligent balancing method and device for series battery pack |
| CN113872278A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-31 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Battery module with battery capable of being independently charged in single body and charging method thereof |
| CN113872278B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-07-18 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Battery module capable of independently charging battery cells and charging method thereof |
| CN115102265A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-23 | 南京模砾半导体有限责任公司 | Circuit for selecting non-adjacent batteries in battery equalization and implementation method thereof |
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Inventor after: Liu Fei Inventor after: Ruan Xusong Inventor after: Sheng Dashuang Inventor before: Feng Daming Inventor before: Liu Fei Inventor before: Ruan Xusong Inventor before: Sheng Dashuang |
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Application publication date: 20101027 |