CN103219552A - Device for detection maintenance and balanced maintenance of power battery pack - Google Patents
Device for detection maintenance and balanced maintenance of power battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN103219552A CN103219552A CN2012100153008A CN201210015300A CN103219552A CN 103219552 A CN103219552 A CN 103219552A CN 2012100153008 A CN2012100153008 A CN 2012100153008A CN 201210015300 A CN201210015300 A CN 201210015300A CN 103219552 A CN103219552 A CN 103219552A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for detection maintenance and balanced maintenance of a power battery pack. The multiple devices compose an upper and lower computer distribution control system. The device comprises a switching charging circuit, multiple battery cell balanced-charging circuits, multiple battery cell voltage sampling circuits and a singlechip control system. The switching charging circuit is connected respectively with a power battery pack and the singlechip control system. Each one of the battery cell balanced-charging circuits is connected respectively with a battery cell in the power battery pack and the singlechip control system. Each one of the battery cell voltage sampling circuits is connected respectively with a battery cell in the power battery pack and the singlechip control system. The device can realize regular detection maintenance of the power battery pack, realize voltage balance maintenance under the condition of unbalanced voltage of battery cells in the power battery pack, greatly improve work performances of the power battery pack, and prolong a service life of the power battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the battery technology field, the detection that particularly relates to a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility.
Background technology
At present, along with the continual renovation and the development of lithium-ion electric pool technology, its light weight, Gao Rong, long-life advantage obtain consumer's favor gradually.Wherein, the application of lithium power battery pack on electric automobile, battery-operated motor cycle and electric bicycle and other power electrical appliances develops rapidly.
The battery of lithium battery and other types is compared, and it is balanced obvious especially with the maintaining problem, has caused the attention of vast battery and electric motor car manufacturer at present.
For power battery pack, it is cascaded by a plurality of cells, thereby realizes reaching the purpose of required voltage.A power battery pack, its through after a while discharge and recharge use after, will occur voltage for example between each cell has height that problems such as the unbalanced and capacity at the end is unbalanced are arranged, even can cause cell to be damaged, these problems make that the whole power battery group can not continue to use, perhaps reduced power performance, this is the problem that battery production producer is studied and needs to solve always.For example, the power battery pack of an electric automobile, after being full of electricity at first, electric automobile once can travel 40 kilometers, but through after a while discharge and recharge use after, because problem has appearred in cell, after this power battery pack is full of electricity so, electric automobile possible can only travel 20 kilometers even distance still less.
For this reason, for the lithium-ion-power cell group, if the user went wrong when using, the battery producer that has makes a promise have problem just to change, and this has increased production and operation cost greatly, brings serious economy loss for battery producer.Equally, also there is identical problem in other types power battery pack such as ni-mh, NI-G and plumbic acid, and particularly in a single day some battery pack does not have baffle or baffle to lose efficacy, have a cell to damage, and is easy to make other monomers of whole Battery pack to overcharge damage.
Therefore, press for a kind of technology of developing at present, it can regularly detect maintenance to the power battery pack of lithium-ion-power cell group and other types, carry out the electric voltage equalization maintenance when voltage of cell is unbalanced in battery pack, and when cell generation problem, in time detect and point out users such as battery producer in time to keep in repair, thereby improve the service behaviour of power battery pack greatly, effectively prolong the useful life of whole power battery group, strengthen battery pack user's product use experience.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; the detection that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility; it can regularly detect maintenance to the power battery pack of lithium-ion-power cell group and other types; carry out the electric voltage equalization maintenance when voltage of cell is unbalanced in battery pack; thereby improve the service behaviour of power battery pack greatly; effectively prolong the useful life of whole power battery group; strengthen battery pack user's product use experience; help enlarging the production application prospect of battery producer; promote the application of electric motor car industry; can form the scale of industry, be of great practical significance.
For this reason, the detection that the invention provides a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, described power battery pack includes a plurality of cells that are cascaded, this equipment includes a switching charging circuit 100, a plurality of cell equalization charging circuit 200, a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 and a single-chip computer control system 400, wherein:
Switch charging circuit 100, be connected with single-chip computer control system 400 with described power battery pack respectively, described switching charging circuit 100 includes an external charger that is connected with external power source and a charge inside power supply, be used for receiving in real time the charging instruction that described single-chip computer control system 400 sends, when this charging instruction is external charger charging instruction or the instruction of charge inside power source charges, accordingly described external charger or charge inside power supply are connected with power battery pack respectively and charge, and when this charging instruction is the whole charge cutoff instruction of battery pack, cut off in real time external charger or charge inside power supply both with power battery pack between be connected;
Each cell equalization charging circuit 200, respectively with power battery pack in a cell be connected with single-chip computer control system 400, be used for receiving in real time the charging instruction that described single-chip computer control system (400) sends, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge enabled instruction, in real time a cell that is connected is carried out equalizing charge, otherwise, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge halt instruction, stop in real time a cell that is connected is charged;
Each monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, respectively with power battery pack in a cell be connected with single-chip computer control system 400, be used for gathering in real time the voltage of the cell that is connected, export to single-chip computer control system 400 then;
Single-chip computer control system 400, respectively with switching charging circuit 100, described a plurality of cell equalization charging circuit 200 is connected with a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuits 300, be used for being provided with in real time the instruction of external charger charging instruction and charge inside power source charges, be transmitted to then and switch charging circuit 100, and the charging voltage upper limit that sets in advance cell, and receive the voltage of a plurality of cells of described a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 sampling outputs in real time, when external charger or charge inside power supply charge to the whole power battery group, if reaching on the described cell charging voltage, the voltage of some or a plurality of cells prescribes a time limit, send the whole charge cutoff instruction of battery pack to switching charging circuit 100 at first in real time, then described a plurality of cell equalization charging circuits 200 are sent a cell equalizing charge enabled instruction respectively, control described cell equalization charging circuit 200 and in real time each cell that is connected is carried out equalizing charge, till the voltage of this cell all reaches the described cell charging voltage upper limit.
The communication interface that single-chip computer control system includes the photoelectricity isolation is connected with master controller.
Wherein, charging transfer relay K2 and a monomer charging transfer relay K1 inside and outside described switching charging circuit 100 also includes one, described charge inside power supply is connected with the normally closed some A of described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2, normal battle of the B of described external charger and described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 is connected, described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 is connected with monomer charging transfer relay K1, and normal battle of the C of described monomer charging transfer relay K1 is connected with power battery pack BT;
Described single-chip computer control system 400 is connected with monomer charging transfer relay K1 with described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 respectively.
Wherein, described cell equalization charging circuit 200, include a direct current DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit 201, a photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur is cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 and a cell charging current sample circuit 203 of master control, described DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit 201 is connected with cell charging current sample circuit 203 with described photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 respectively.
Wherein, described DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit includes a cell charge power supply Vin, described cell charge power supply Vin meets current sampling resistor Rw respectively, the stitch 3 of DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1, resistance R 5 in capacitor C 1 and the described cell charging current sample circuit 203, current sampling resistor Rw connects the stitch 1 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, 5,6 and described cell charging current sample circuit 203 in resistance R 4, the other end of described capacitor C 1 connects the stitch 7 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, capacitor C 2, the positive pole of diode D, photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur input in the UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202, the negative pole of capacitor C and cell B;
Described capacitor C 2 connects the stitch 8 of U1, the stitch 2 of described U1 connects the positive pole of inductance L, relay K 3n and cell B successively, the stitch 4 difference connecting resistance R1 of described U1, the node Z of the photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur in the UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202, the other end of described resistance R 1 connects node, the capacitor C between inductance L and the relay K 3n respectively.
Wherein, described cell charging current sample circuit 203 includes operational amplifier U4, and the positive input of described operational amplifier U4 is connecting resistance R5 and R6 respectively, described R6 ground connection;
The reverse input end of described operational amplifier U4 is connecting resistance R4 and R3 respectively, described R3 connecting resistance R7, and described resistance R 7 connects sample rate current output Iout and capacitor C 3 respectively, and described capacitor C 3 is joined with resistance R 6;
The output of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with node between described resistance R 3 and the R7, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the earth terminal Vss of described operational amplifier U4 connects-12V.
Wherein, described UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 includes a photoelectricity coupling diode that is coupled with photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur, the positive pole of described photoelectricity coupling diode connects the DC power supply of 5V respectively, the collector electrode of a triode Q2 of the described photoelectricity coupling diode other end;
The emitter connecting resistance R9 of described triode Q2 and the reverse input end of an operational amplifier U3, described resistance R 9 ground connection;
The base stage of described triode Q2 connects the output of operational amplifier U3, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U3 is connected the earth terminal Vss ground connection of described operational amplifier U3 with the DC power supply of+12V;
The positive input difference connecting resistance R8 of described operational amplifier U3 and the adjusting control end DV of a single-chip microcomputer DA output voltage.
Wherein, described monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 includes an operational amplifier U5, and the positive input of described operational amplifier U5 is connecting resistance R62 and R64 respectively, and described resistance R 62 is connected with the positive pole of cell B, described resistance R 64 ground connection;
The reverse input end of described operational amplifier U5 is connecting resistance R63 and resistance R 61 respectively, described resistance R 63 is connected with the negative pole of cell B, described resistance R 61 is connected with the output of operational amplifier U5, and the output of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with sampled voltage output end vo ut;
The power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the other end Vss of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of-12V.
Wherein, include casing 1, the front of described casing 11 is provided with two battery pack anchor clamps 12, the front of described casing 11 also is provided with a plurality of cell charged state indicator light 13, battery pack charging status indicator light 14, a plurality of cell charging inlet 15 and a plurality of monomer battery voltage sampling interface 16, and the back side of described casing 11 also is provided with a photoelectricity isolation computer communication interface 17.
Wherein, described detection maintenance and balanced maintenance facility and master controller are formed together and are used for distribution control system equipment a plurality of power battery pack, that comprise upper and lower computer.
By above technical scheme provided by the invention as seen; compared with prior art; the detection that the invention provides a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility; it can regularly detect maintenance to the power battery pack of lithium-ion-power cell group and other types; carry out the electric voltage equalization maintenance when voltage of cell is unbalanced in battery pack; thereby improve the service behaviour of power battery pack greatly; effectively prolong the useful life of whole power battery group; strengthen battery pack user's product use experience; help enlarging the production application prospect of battery producer; promote the application of electric motor car industry; can form the scale of industry, be of great practical significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the block diagram of the circuit structure of balanced maintenance facility;
Fig. 2 safeguards and the circuit structure sketch of balanced maintenance facility when having a cell equalization charging circuit and a monomer battery voltage sample circuit for the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 be the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention safeguard and balanced maintenance facility in the circuit block diagram of a cell equalization charging circuit;
Fig. 4 be the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention safeguard and balanced maintenance facility in the physical circuit line map of a cell equalization charging circuit;
Fig. 5 be the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention safeguard and balanced maintenance facility in the circuit diagram of a monomer battery voltage sample circuit;
Fig. 6 is for passing through utilization the present invention, and the detection of formed a plurality of battery pack is safeguarded and the balanced structured flowchart that maintains general control system;
Fig. 7 safeguards for the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention and balanced maintenance facility has a kind of surface structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the block diagram of the circuit structure of balanced maintenance facility.
Referring to Fig. 1, the detection that the invention provides a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, described power battery pack includes a plurality of cells that are cascaded, this equipment includes a switching charging circuit 100, a plurality of cell equalization charging circuit 200, a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 and a single-chip computer control system 400, wherein:
Switch charging circuit 100, be connected with single-chip computer control system 400 with described power battery pack respectively, described switching charging circuit 100 includes an external charger (described external charger is connected with external power source) and a charge inside power supply, be used for receiving in real time the charging instruction that described single-chip computer control system 400 sends, when this charging instruction is external charger charging instruction or the instruction of charge inside power source charges, accordingly described external charger or charge inside power supply are connected and charge (serial connection charge) with power battery pack respectively, promptly be specially: when this charging instruction is the external charger charging instruction, in real time with external charger and power battery pack conductive communication mutually, being connected between breaking inner charge power supply and the power battery pack, thus by external charger to whole power battery group charge (being external charging); And when this charging instruction is instructed for the charge inside power source charges, in real time with charge inside power supply and power battery pack conductive communication mutually, being connected between disconnecting external charger and the power battery pack, thus by the charge inside power supply to whole power battery group charge (being charge inside); In addition, when this charging instruction is the whole charge cutoff instruction of battery pack, cut off in real time external charger or charge inside power supply both with power battery pack between be connected;
Each cell equalization charging circuit 200, respectively with power battery pack in a cell be connected with single-chip computer control system 400, be used for receiving in real time the charging instruction that described single-chip computer control system 400 sends, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge enabled instruction, in real time a cell that is connected is carried out equalizing charge and (promptly carry out the cell constant current charge earlier, carry out constant voltage charge then), otherwise, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge halt instruction, stop in real time a cell that is connected is charged;
Each monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, respectively with power battery pack in a cell be connected with single-chip computer control system 400, be used for gathering in real time the voltage of the cell that is connected, export to single-chip computer control system 400 then;
Single-chip computer control system 400, respectively with switching charging circuit 100, described a plurality of cell equalization charging circuit 200 is connected with a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuits 300, being used for being provided with in real time the instruction of external charger charging instruction and charge inside power source charges (need to prove, these two instruction users not only can import setting by the button that the present device surface is provided with, can also be by the program that sets in advance in the described single-chip computer control system 400, import setting as the balanced maintenance of automatic detection working procedure), be transmitted to then and switch charging circuit 100, and the charging voltage upper limit that sets in advance cell, and receive the voltage of a plurality of cells of described a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 sampling outputs in real time, when external charger or charge inside power supply charge to the whole power battery group, if reaching on the described cell charging voltage, the voltage of some or a plurality of cells prescribes a time limit, at first send the whole charge cutoff instruction of battery pack to switching charging circuit 100, thereby control described switching charging circuit 100 cut off in real time external charger or charge inside power supply both with power battery pack between be connected, then described a plurality of cell equalization charging circuits 200 are sent a cell equalizing charge enabled instruction respectively, control described cell equalization charging circuit 200 and in real time each cell that is connected is carried out equalizing charge, till the voltage of this cell all reaches the described cell charging voltage upper limit, (promptly reach on the described cell charging voltage in limited time, stop in real time it is continued charging) at the voltage of certain cell.
Need to prove, on the specific implementation, the present invention can be by being provided with an external charging button and a charge inside power source charges button on the device housings surface, come to instruct to single-chip computer control system 400 input external charger charging instruction charge inside power source charges respectively, realize that control is to be come power battery pack is charged by external power source or charge inside power supply.
On the specific implementation, described external charger can be that the external power source of 220V is connected with voltage, can also can be the external power source of 240V and other voltage values as required certainly.Described charge inside power supply can be other battery pack that are provided with in the present device, can also be generating equipments such as generator.
On the specific implementation, described single-chip computer control system 400 can be for including the single-chip microcomputer of 24 modulus AD conversions of a slice band at least.
In the present invention, can be together by a plurality of power battery pack detecting provided by the invention and balanced maintenance facility and master controller, composition is realized the daily detection of a plurality of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance to the distribution control system of a plurality of power battery pack upper and lower computers.
Fig. 2 safeguards and the circuit structure sketch of balanced maintenance facility when having a cell equalization charging circuit and a monomer battery voltage sample circuit for the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention.
Referring to shown in Figure 2, on the specific implementation, charging transfer relay K2 inside and outside described switching charging circuit 100 specifically includes one, a monomer charging transfer relay K1, an external charger (described external charger is connected with external power source) and a charge inside power supply, wherein, described charge inside power supply is connected with the normally closed some A of described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2, normal battle of the B of described external charger and described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 is connected, described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 is connected with monomer charging transfer relay K1, normal battle of the C of described monomer charging transfer relay K1 is connected with power battery pack BT, the charge normally closed some C vacant (not connecting miscellaneous part) of transfer relay K1 of described monomer.
In the present invention, referring to Fig. 2, in order to allow described single-chip computer control system 400 can control the operating state of described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 and monomer charging transfer relay K1, described single-chip computer control system 400 is provided with relay J K interface, this JK interface is connected with monomer charging transfer relay K1 with described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 respectively, is used to control energising and the power failure state of K2 and K1.
Need to prove that for a relay, it is a closure of controlling normally opened contact by energising, controls the disconnection of normally opened contact and the closure of normally-closed contact by dead electricity.
In the present invention, for K2, JK interface output voltage makes its energising to K2, the closed connection of normal battle of B of K2 so, if the JK interface not output voltage give K2, K2 dead electricity so, normally closed closed connection of A; For K1, JK interface output voltage makes its energising to K1, the closed connection of normal battle of C of K1 so, if the JK interface not output voltage give K1, K1 dead electricity so, normally closed closed connection of D.
Referring to Fig. 2, for switching charging circuit 100, closed connection of B and K1 are often made war if K2 is often made war, and C is closed to be connected, and power battery pack is connected with external charger so, formed the external impetus charge circuit to battery pack this moment, thereby external power source can carry out external charging to battery pack.In order to realize the purpose of external charging, described single-chip computer control system 400 is exported to the external charger charging instruction of switching charging circuit 100 and is embodied as: energising and the power failure state of controlling K1 and K2 in the described switching charging circuit 100 by the output voltage of regulating the JK interface, often make war that B is closed to be connected and the K1 closed effect of connecting of C of often making war thereby finally reach control K2, thereby realize battery pack being carried out external charging by external power source.
If C is closed to be connected and normally closed some A closure of K2 connected and K1 is often made war, power battery pack is connected with the charge inside power supply so, and formation this moment is to the charge inside loop of battery pack, and described charge inside power supply can carry out charge inside to battery pack.In order to realize the purpose of charge inside, described single-chip computer control system 400 is exported to the charge inside power source charges instruction of switching charging circuit 100 and is embodied as: energising and the power failure state of controlling K1 and K2 in the described switching charging circuit 100 by the output voltage of regulating the JK interface, normally closed some A of control K2 is closed to be connected and the K1 closed effect of connecting of C of often making war thereby finally reach, and final the realization carried out charge inside by the charge inside power supply to power battery pack.
In addition, as mentioned above, if the JK interface not output voltage give K1, K1 dead electricity so, normally closed closed connection of D, at this moment external charger and charge inside power supply disconnect with power battery pack between be connected.In order to realize cutting off this purpose that is connected between external charger and charge inside power supply and the power battery pack, described single-chip computer control system 400 is exported to the whole charge cutoff instruction of the battery pack of switching charging circuit 100 and is embodied as: control energising and the power failure state of K1 in the described switching charging circuit 100 by the output voltage of JK interface, thereby finally reach the normally closed point 2 closed effects of connecting of control K1.
For described single-chip computer control system 400 can be gathered and control the charging voltage and the charging current data of inner charge power supply, described single-chip computer control system 400 is provided with VK and IK interface, is used for controlling respectively the charging constant voltage and the charging constant current of charge inside power supply.In addition, in order to obtain the operating voltage of external charger or charge inside power supply, also be provided with the VC interface on the described single-chip computer control system 400.
In addition, referring to Fig. 2, on the specific implementation, also be provided with VB interface and charged state indicator light on the described single-chip computer control system 400, wherein, described VB interface is used to connect the two ends of power battery pack, thereby obtains the voltage at power battery pack two ends, and described charged state indicator light is used to indicate the operating state of system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 be the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention safeguard and balanced maintenance facility in the circuit block diagram of a cell equalization charging circuit, Fig. 4 is the physical circuit line map of a cell equalization charging circuit in the detection maintenance of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention and the balanced maintenance facility.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, on the specific implementation, for cell equalization charging circuit 200 provided by the invention, include a DC(direct current) constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit 201, a photoelectricity coupling resistance UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 and a cell charging current sample circuit 203, described DC(direct current) constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit 201 is connected with cell charging current sample circuit 203 with described photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 respectively, wherein:
Described DC(direct current) constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit includes a cell charge power supply Vin, described cell charge power supply Vin meets current sampling resistor Rw respectively, the stitch 3 of DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1, resistance R 5 in capacitor C 1 and the described cell charging current sample circuit 203, current sampling resistor Rw connects the stitch 1 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, 5,6 and described cell charging current sample circuit 203 in resistance R 4, the other end of described capacitor C 1 connects the stitch 7 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, capacitor C 2, the positive pole of diode D, photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur one end in the UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202, the negative pole of capacitor C and cell B;
Described capacitor C 2 connects the stitch 8 of U1, the stitch 2 of described U1 connects the positive pole of inductance L, relay K 3n and cell B successively, the stitch 4 difference connecting resistance R1 of described U1, the node Z of the photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur in the UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202, the other end of described resistance R 1 connects node, the capacitor C between inductance L and the relay K 3n respectively.
Need to prove, the U1 chip can be constant current constant voltage control chip MC34063, this chip is the main chip of Control current and voltage, Vin can reach DC3 ~ 40V, in the present invention, described cell charge power supply Vin is 7V, and it samples Control current (we also give single-chip microcomputer with this resistance sampling electric current simultaneously) with RW, control the Vout output voltage with the dividing potential drop of R1 and Ur, so the resistance sizes of control Ur just can reach the effect of control output voltage.Referring to Fig. 4, described cell charging current sample circuit 203 includes operational amplifier U4, and the positive input of described operational amplifier U4 is connecting resistance R5 and R6 respectively, described R6 ground connection.The reverse input end of described operational amplifier U4 is connecting resistance R4 and R3 respectively, described R3 connecting resistance R7, and described resistance R 7 connects sample rate current output Iout and capacitor C 3 respectively, and described capacitor C 3 is joined with resistance R 6.In addition, the output of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with node between described resistance R 3 and the R7, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the earth terminal Vss of described operational amplifier U4 connects-12V.
Referring to Fig. 4, described UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 includes a photoelectricity coupling diode that is coupled with photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur, the positive pole of described photoelectricity coupling diode connects the DC power supply of 5V respectively, the collector electrode of a triode Q2 of another termination of described photoelectricity coupling diode, the emitter connecting resistance R9 of described triode Q2 and the reverse input end of an operational amplifier U3, described resistance R 9 ground connection, the base stage of described triode Q2 connects the output of operational amplifier U3, the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U3 is connected the earth terminal Vss ground connection of described operational amplifier U3 with the DC power supply of+12V.The positive input difference connecting resistance R8 of described operational amplifier U3 and the adjusting control end DV of a single-chip microcomputer DA output voltage.
On the specific implementation, described DV end can be that the single-chip microcomputer DA output voltage that has in the single-chip computer control system 400 is used for controlling U3, U3 and triode are formed the constant-current control circuit to optocoupler diode end, the size of control optocoupler diode current has just determined the size of other end resistance Ur simultaneously, has so just reached the control of monomer charging constant voltage output.
In the present invention, on the specific implementation, in order to allow described single-chip computer control system 400 can control the operating state of described relay K 3n, and then whether control carries out equalizing charge to cell B to cell equalization charging circuit 200, referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, on the specific implementation, also be provided with JVn interface and Ix interface on the described single-chip computer control system 400, described JVn interface is the drive coil of the relay K 3n in the described cell equalization charging circuit 200, is used for energising and the power failure state of control relay K3n.
In the present invention, referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, described Ix interface is connected with sample rate current output Iout in the described cell equalization charging circuit 200, whether thereby described single-chip computer control system 400 can know in the described cell equalization charging circuit 200 whether have or not charging current, promptly charging.
Need to prove that equally for a relay, it is a closure of controlling normally opened contact by energising, controls the disconnection of normally opened contact and the closure of normally-closed contact by dead electricity.
For relay K 3n, JVn interface output voltage makes its energising to K3n, the closed connection of normal E battle of K3n so, at this moment 200 couples of cell B of described cell equalization charging circuit carry out equalizing charge, if and the JVn interface not output voltage give K3n, K3n dead electricity so, normal battle of the E of K3n disconnects, and at this moment described cell equalization charging circuit 200 no longer carries out equalizing charge to cell B.Purpose for the charged state that realizes controlling described cell equalization charging circuit 200, the cell equalizing charge enabled instruction that described single-chip computer control system 400 is exported to cell equalization charging circuit 200 is embodied as: energising and the power failure state of controlling K3n in the described cell equalization charging circuit 200 by the output voltage of regulating the JVn interface, thereby finally reach the normal effect that battle, the E closure switched on and off of control K3n, thereby whether control cell equalization charging circuit 200 is to carrying out equalizing charge to cell B.
For the present invention, it begins to detect each cell after the power battery pack discharge, in the charging process of power battery pack, can detect the situation of the low appearance of diagnosing out monomer, if no big problem can be carried out monomer equalizing charge maintenance, make battery pack maintenance optimum.
Need to prove, for the present invention, when single-chip computer control system 400 detects by external charging or charge inside by monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, make some monomer voltages be charged in limited time, relay interface JK action makes K1 switch to normally closed some D, the charge circuit that is power battery pack is cut off, and equipment of the present invention can enter monomer equalizing charge state automatically, promptly earlier to carrying out constant voltage charge behind each monomer constant current charge.
For a cell, its constant current charge process, referring to shown in Figure 4, certain road cell charge power supply Vin is through current sampling resistor RW, enter into the DC control circuit, be the preset switches voltage that the resistance voltage that two ends form during by the monomer electric current is equal to or less than 300mV(DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1), then cut off or open output channel automatically, so repeatedly, pass through D again, L, C energy storage filtering, to reach the control constant current, when the cell voltage constant current charge of certain monomer arrives upper voltage limit, under the effect of the relay interface JVn of single-chip computer control system 400, K3n is turn-offed, after so each monomer all reaches upper voltage limit, transfer constant voltage charge to; Because the upper voltage limit that each cell sets is the same, so the voltage basis equalization of each cell at this moment.
For a cell, its constant voltage charge process is referring to shown in Figure 4, because the internal resistance of cell and circuit etc. cause the existence of empty voltage during by electric current, so the time cell voltage do not reach real required magnitude of voltage, carry out constant voltage charge just can be stable with voltage; Resistance R 1 is gathered the voltage of output point, and be 4 pin of U1 by dividing point Z(with photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur) come control output voltage to reach stationary value, and the UR circuit actual be by control to optocoupler diode one side electric current, realize control, and then regulate monomer charging output voltage the Ur resistance value; Because single-chip microcomputer the cell voltage of each monomer has been carried out gathering see Fig. 5, like this by the PID(proportional-integral-differential) regulate the constant voltage adjusting that just can constitute closed loop and control output voltage; Certain monomer constant voltage charge is after the cut-off current parameter, turn-off the K3n of JVn relay once more, and after the constant voltage charge of each cell all stopped, balanced maintenance finished.
Fig. 5 be the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention safeguard and balanced maintenance facility in the circuit diagram of a monomer battery voltage sample circuit.
Referring to Fig. 5, described monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 includes the difference sample circuit that an operational amplifier U5 and resistance R 61, R62, R63, R64 form, the positive input of described operational amplifier U5 is connecting resistance R62 and R64 respectively, described resistance R 62 is connected with the positive pole of cell B, described resistance R 64 ground connection; The reverse input end of described operational amplifier U5 is connecting resistance R63 and resistance R 61 respectively, described resistance R 63 is connected with the negative pole of cell B, described resistance R 61 is connected with the output of operational amplifier U5, and the output of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with sampled voltage output end vo ut; The power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the earth terminal Vss of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of-12V.
Accordingly, referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 5, also be provided with the Vx interface on the described single-chip computer control system 400, described Vx interface is used to connect each sampled voltage output end vo ut of described multichannel monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, thereby described single-chip computer control system 400 can obtain the monomer battery voltage that described monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 is gathered.
Fig. 6 is for passing through utilization the present invention, and the detection of formed a plurality of battery pack is safeguarded and the balanced structured flowchart that maintains general control system.
Referring to Fig. 6, for the present invention, in order to realize high-tension big string is counted the detection control of battery pack, in view of the single-chip microcomputer image data amount of high precision analogue AD not too large, the for example cell voltage of each cell and charging current data, in order to realize that a plurality of battery pack are detected maintenance and balanced maintenance, the general control system of a plurality of battery pack can include a plurality of as Fig. 1, present device shown in Figure 2, referring to shown in Figure 6, detection shown in Figure 6 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance general control system includes eight as Fig. 1, present device shown in Figure 2, be that equipment 1 is to equipment 8, series connection mutually between these a plurality of equipment, their ground voltage difference can not be altogether when series connection simultaneously.In the present invention, apparatus shown 1 to equipment 8 is connected with master controller by a URAT photoelectricity isolated communication interface Ut respectively, described master control system is 32 single-chip microcomputers of a big internal memory of high speed, it can collect the data of each subsystem (being that equipment 1 is to equipment 8) with the electronics switching mode respectively, send PC and transmission control system order down then to, the total voltage/current acquisition of main charging and main charging still are responsible for by the single-chip microcomputer of primary importance with monomer charging switching controls.
Need to prove, the mechanics of communication that the URAT interface adopts photoelectricity to isolate realizes that the computer prison shows control, also can utilize this interface to communicate by letter with the master control machine a plurality of control system are composed in series the detection that the big string of high pressure such as electric automobile is counted battery pack and maintain, and has constituted the control system of complete machine thus.
Referring to Fig. 7, on the specific implementation, the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, include casing 1, the front of described casing 11 is provided with two battery pack anchor clamps 12, the front of described casing 11 also is provided with a plurality of cell charged state indicator light 13, battery pack charging status indicator light 14, a plurality of cell charging inlet 15 and a plurality of monomer battery voltage sampling interface 16, and the back side of described casing 11 also is provided with a photoelectricity isolation computer communication interface 17.
For the present invention, in view of the real time data amount is bigger, the dynamic and intelligent diagnosis is more loaded down with trivial details, so can adopt the PC computer as single-chip computer control system 400.
Wherein, for the low intelligent diagnostics process of holding cell be: the voltage in power battery pack is lower than under the situation of charging voltage, if the voltage of certain cell very fast cell prior to other reached the default charging voltage upper limit and and the high voltage of voltage second between voltage difference reach default numerical value, this cell may be exactly the low battery that holds or exist and seriously lowly hold fault so, thereby in time points out user such as battery producer in time to keep in repair or carry out the replacing of battery.
For test results report of the present invention, except that record faithfully detection case as reliable detection according to the function, to diagnosis or the self check problem of coming out and fault, can be simultaneously as the voucher that reports for repairment that offers maintaining unit, so that reparation as early as possible.Testing result is to the detection diagnostic result of lithium battery group present situation before the start charging maintenance, reflect the situation of the voltage and zero monomer voltage of high monomer voltage and minimum monomer, detection/maintenance result be in the charging process to the diagnostic result of the low condition of showing mercy, the maintenance result is the situation that balanced maintenance finishes.
For the present invention, it detects by the dynamic process that whole power battery group master charging is reached the monomer equalizing charge, diagnose out the working condition of overall performance and each cell of power battery pack, provide comprehensive and accurate examining report to abnormal problem and problem place, can carry out the balanced maintenance in scene to unbalanced problem timely so that repair also, make battery pack bring into play due power performance and useful life.And this equipment is not only applicable to the lithium-ion-power cell group, as long as set suitable parameters, can also be applicable to the power battery pack of other types.
The present invention has not only avoided the equalization problem long-term puzzlement worldwide of protection management system in the lithium power battery pack application; opened up the way of a feasibility in the extensive use of electric motor car for lithium power battery pack; can both play useful effect to lithium power battery pack manufacturer, electric motor car manufacturer, maintenace point and user; the development that is applied as soon as possible of its green energy resource can be advanced, and the same problem of existing other types battery power battery pack in using can be solved.
By above technical scheme provided by the invention as seen; compared with prior art; the detection that the invention provides a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility; it can regularly detect maintenance to the power battery pack of lithium-ion-power cell group and other types; carry out the electric voltage equalization maintenance when voltage of cell is unbalanced in battery pack; thereby improve the service behaviour of power battery pack greatly; effectively prolong the useful life of whole power battery group; strengthen battery pack user's product use experience; help enlarging the production application prospect of battery producer; promote the application of electric motor car industry; can form the scale of industry, be of great practical significance.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the detection of a power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described power battery pack includes a plurality of cells that are cascaded, this equipment includes a switching charging circuit (100), a plurality of cell equalization charging circuit (200), a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuit (300) and a single-chip computer control system (400), wherein:
Switch charging circuit (100), be connected with single-chip computer control system (400) with described power battery pack respectively, described switching charging circuit (100) includes an external charger that is connected with external power source and a charge inside power supply, be used for receiving in real time the charging instruction that described single-chip computer control system (400) sends, when this charging instruction is external charger charging instruction or the instruction of charge inside power source charges, accordingly described external charger or charge inside power supply are connected with power battery pack respectively and charge, and when this charging instruction is the whole charge cutoff instruction of battery pack, cut off in real time external charger or charge inside power supply both with power battery pack between be connected;
Each cell equalization charging circuit (200), respectively with power battery pack in a cell be connected with single-chip computer control system (400), be used for receiving in real time the charging instruction that described single-chip computer control system (400) sends, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge enabled instruction, in real time a cell that is connected is carried out equalizing charge, otherwise, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge halt instruction, stop in real time a cell that is connected is charged;
Each monomer battery voltage sample circuit (300), respectively with power battery pack in a cell be connected with single-chip computer control system (400), be used for gathering in real time the voltage of the cell that is connected, export to single-chip computer control system (400) then;
Single-chip computer control system (400), respectively with switching charging circuit (100), described a plurality of cell equalization charging circuits (200) are connected with a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuits (300), be used for being provided with in real time the instruction of external charger charging instruction and charge inside power source charges, be transmitted to then and switch charging circuit (100), and the charging voltage upper limit that sets in advance cell, and receive the voltage of a plurality of cells of described a plurality of monomer battery voltage sample circuits (300) sampling output in real time, when external charger or charge inside power supply charge to the whole power battery group, if reaching on the described cell charging voltage, the voltage of some or a plurality of cells prescribes a time limit, send the whole charge cutoff instruction of battery pack to switching charging circuit (100) at first in real time, then described a plurality of cell equalization charging circuits (200) are sent a cell equalizing charge enabled instruction respectively, control described cell equalization charging circuit (200) and in real time each cell that is connected is carried out equalizing charge, till the voltage of this cell all reaches the described cell charging voltage upper limit.
2. detection as claimed in claim 1 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, charging transfer relay K2 and a monomer charging transfer relay K1 inside and outside described switching charging circuit (100) also includes one, described charge inside power supply is connected with the normally closed some A of described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2, normal battle of the B of described external charger and described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 is connected, described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 is connected with monomer charging transfer relay K1, and normal battle of the C of described monomer charging transfer relay K1 is connected with power battery pack BT;
Described single-chip computer control system (400) is connected with monomer charging transfer relay K1 with described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 respectively.
3. detection as claimed in claim 1 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described cell equalization charging circuit (200), include a direct current DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit (201), a UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202) and the cell charging current sample circuit (203) that photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur is master control, described DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit (201) is connected with cell charging current sample circuit (203) with described photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202) respectively.
4. detection as claimed in claim 3 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit includes a cell charge power supply Vin, described cell charge power supply Vin meets current sampling resistor Rw respectively, the stitch (3) of DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1, resistance R 5 in capacitor C 1 and the described cell charging current sample circuit (203), current sampling resistor Rw connects the stitch (1) of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, (5), (6) and the resistance R 4 in the described cell charging current sample circuit (203), the stitch (7) of the described DC constant current constant voltage of another termination control chip U1 of described capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, the positive pole of diode D, photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur one end in the UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202), the negative pole of capacitor C and cell B;
Described capacitor C 2 connects the stitch (8) of U1, the stitch of described U1 (2) connects the negative pole of inductance L, diode D, succeeds the positive pole of electrical equipment K3n and cell B successively, the node Z of photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur in the stitch of described U1 (4) difference connecting resistance R1 and the UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202), the other end of described resistance R 1 connects node, the capacitor C between inductance L and the relay K 3n respectively.
5. detection as claimed in claim 4 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described cell charging current sample circuit (203) includes operational amplifier U4, and the positive input of described operational amplifier U4 is connecting resistance R5 and R6 respectively, described R6 ground connection;
The reverse input end of described operational amplifier U4 is connecting resistance R4 and R3 respectively, described R3 connecting resistance R7, and described resistance R 7 connects sample rate current output Iout and capacitor C 3 respectively, and described capacitor C 3 is joined with resistance R 6;
The output of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with node between described resistance R 3 and the R7, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the Vss of described operational amplifier U4 connects-12V.
6. detection as claimed in claim 4 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202) includes a photoelectricity coupling diode that is coupled with photoelectricity coupling resistance Ur, the positive pole of described photoelectricity coupling diode connects the DC power supply of 5V respectively, and described photoelectricity coupling diode other end negative pole connects the collector electrode of a triode Q2;
The emitter connecting resistance R9 of described triode Q2 and the reverse input end of an operational amplifier U3, described resistance R 9 ground connection; The base stage of described triode Q2 connects the output of operational amplifier U3, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U3 is connected the earth terminal Vss ground connection of described operational amplifier U3 with the DC power supply of+12V;
The positive input difference connecting resistance R8 of described operational amplifier U3 and the adjusting control end DV of a single-chip microcomputer DA output voltage.
7. detection as claimed in claim 1 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described monomer battery voltage sample circuit (300) includes an operational amplifier U5, the positive input of described operational amplifier U5 is connecting resistance R62 and R64 respectively, described resistance R 62 is connected with the positive pole of cell B, described resistance R 64 ground connection;
The reverse input end of described operational amplifier U5 is connecting resistance R63 and resistance R 61 respectively, described resistance R 63 is connected with the negative pole of cell B, described resistance R 61 is connected with the output of operational amplifier U5, and the output of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with sampled voltage output end vo ut;
The power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the other end Vss of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of-12V.
8. detection as claimed in claim 1 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, include casing (1), the front of described casing (11) is provided with two battery pack anchor clamps (12), the front of described casing (11) also is provided with a plurality of cell charged state indicator lights (13), a battery pack charging status indicator light (14), a plurality of cell charging inlet (15) and a plurality of monomer battery voltage sampling interface (16), and the back side of described casing (11) also is provided with a photoelectricity isolation computer communication interface (17).
9. detection as claimed in claim 1 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described detection maintenance and balanced maintenance facility and master controller are formed together and be used for distribution control system equipment a plurality of power battery pack, that include upper and lower computer.
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| CN106058338A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-26 | 潘燕 | Detection, maintenance and equalization maintenance equipment for power battery pack |
| CN108347082A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-31 | 杨明 | One kind of multiple lithium battery active protective systems |
| CN108879892A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-11-23 | 山东思科赛德矿业安全工程有限公司 | A kind of double cell group automatic switchover power supply system |
| CN113394849A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-14 | 惠州市中源新能源有限公司 | Multifunctional lithium battery management system |
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| CN101867205A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-10-20 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Device and method for maintaining lithium ion battery pack |
| CN201667372U (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2010-12-08 | 岑卫东 | Circuit used for battery management system |
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| CN106058338A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-26 | 潘燕 | Detection, maintenance and equalization maintenance equipment for power battery pack |
| CN106058338B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-12-11 | 盐城吉大智能终端产业研究院有限公司 | A kind of detection maintenance of power battery pack and balanced maintenance facility |
| CN108347082A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-31 | 杨明 | One kind of multiple lithium battery active protective systems |
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| CN103219552B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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