CN103219552B - Device for detection maintenance and balanced maintenance of power battery pack - Google Patents
Device for detection maintenance and balanced maintenance of power battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN103219552B CN103219552B CN201210015300.8A CN201210015300A CN103219552B CN 103219552 B CN103219552 B CN 103219552B CN 201210015300 A CN201210015300 A CN 201210015300A CN 103219552 B CN103219552 B CN 103219552B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for detection maintenance and balanced maintenance of a power battery pack. The multiple devices compose an upper and lower computer distribution control system. The device comprises a switching charging circuit, multiple battery cell balanced-charging circuits, multiple battery cell voltage sampling circuits and a singlechip control system. The switching charging circuit is connected respectively with a power battery pack and the singlechip control system. Each one of the battery cell balanced-charging circuits is connected respectively with a battery cell in the power battery pack and the singlechip control system. Each one of the battery cell voltage sampling circuits is connected respectively with a battery cell in the power battery pack and the singlechip control system. The device can realize regular detection maintenance of the power battery pack, realize voltage balance maintenance under the condition of unbalanced voltage of battery cells in the power battery pack, greatly improve work performances of the power battery pack, and prolong a service life of the power battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cell art, the detection particularly relating to a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility.
Background technology
At present, along with continuous renewal and the development of lithium ion battery technology, its light weight, Gao Rong, long-life advantage obtain the favor of consumer gradually.Wherein, the application of lithium power battery pack on electric automobile, battery-operated motor cycle and electric bicycle and other power electrical appliances develops rapidly.
Lithium battery is compared with the battery of other types, and it is balanced obvious especially with maintaining problem, has caused the attention of vast battery and electric motor car manufacturer at present.
For power battery pack, it is cascaded by multiple cell, thus realizes the object reaching required voltage.A power battery pack, it is after using through discharge and recharge after a while, just there will be the problems such as such as voltage has high unbalanced and capacity with the end unbalanced between each cell, cell even can be caused to be damaged, these problems make whole power battery pack can not continue to use, or reduce power performance, this is that cell production companies is studied and needs the problem of solution always.Such as, the power battery pack of an electric automobile, after being full of electricity at first, electric automobile wheeled 40 kilometers, but after using through discharge and recharge after a while, because problem has appearred in cell, after so this power battery pack is full of electricity, electric automobile may can only travel 20 kilometers of even less distances.
For this reason, for lithium-ion-power cell group, if gone wrong when user uses, some battery producers make a promise have problem just to change, and this considerably increases production and operation cost, bring serious economic loss to battery producer.Equally, also there is identical problem in the other types power battery pack such as ni-mh, NI-G and plumbic acid, and particularly some battery pack does not have baffle or baffle to lose efficacy once there be a cell to damage, and is easy to make other monomers of whole Battery pack to overcharge damage.
Therefore, at present in the urgent need to developing a kind of technology, it can carry out periodic detection maintenance to the power battery pack of lithium-ion-power cell group and other types, electric voltage equalization maintenance is carried out when the voltage of cell is unbalanced in battery pack, and when cell generation problem, carry out in time detecting and point out the users such as battery producer to keep in repair in time, thus greatly improve the service behaviour of power battery pack, in the useful life of the whole power battery pack of effective prolongation, the product use sense strengthening battery pack user is subject to.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the detection that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it can carry out periodic detection maintenance to the power battery pack of lithium-ion-power cell group and other types, electric voltage equalization maintenance is carried out when the voltage of cell is unbalanced in battery pack, thus greatly improve the service behaviour of power battery pack, the useful life of the whole power battery pack of effective prolongation, the product use sense strengthening battery pack user is subject to, be conducive to the production application prospect expanding battery producer, promote the application of electric motor car industry, the scale of industry can be formed, be of great practical significance.
For this reason, the detection that the invention provides a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, described power battery pack includes multiple cell be cascaded, this equipment includes a switching charging circuit 100, multiple cell equalization charging circuit 200, multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 and a single-chip computer control system 400, wherein:
Switch charging circuit 100, be connected with single-chip computer control system 400 with described power battery pack respectively, described switching charging circuit 100 includes an external charger be connected with external power source and a charge inside power supply, for the charging instruction that single-chip computer control system described in real-time reception 400 sends, when this charging instruction be external charger charging instruction or the instruction of charge inside power source charges time, accordingly described external charger or charge inside power supply are connected with power battery pack and charge respectively, and when this charging instruction is the charge cutoff instruction of battery pack entirety, both real-time cut-out external charger or charge inside power supply and the connection between power battery pack,
Each cell equalization charging circuit 200, be connected with single-chip computer control system 400 with the cell of in power battery pack respectively, for the charging instruction that single-chip computer control system described in real-time reception (400) sends, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge enabled instruction, in real time equalizing charge is carried out to connected cell, otherwise, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge halt instruction, stop in real time charging to connected cell;
Each monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, is connected with single-chip computer control system 400 with the cell of in power battery pack respectively, for the voltage of the cell that Real-time Collection connects, then exports to single-chip computer control system 400;
Single-chip computer control system 400, respectively with switching charging circuit 100, described multiple cell equalization charging circuit 200 is connected with multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, for arranging external charger charging instruction and the instruction of charge inside power source charges in real time, then be transmitted to and switch charging circuit 100, and pre-set the charging voltage upper limit of cell, the voltage of the multiple cells exported and multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 described in real-time reception is sampled, when external charger or charge inside power supply charge to whole power battery pack, prescribe a time limit if the voltage of some or multiple cell reaches in described cell charging voltage, first in real time the overall charge cutoff instruction of battery pack is sent to switching charging circuit 100, then a cell equalizing charge enabled instruction is sent respectively to described multiple cell equalization charging circuit 200, control described cell equalization charging circuit 200 and in real time equalizing charge is carried out to connected each cell, until the voltage of this cell all reaches the described cell charging voltage upper limit.
The communication interface that single-chip computer control system includes Phototube Coupling is connected with master controller.
Wherein, described switching charging circuit 100 charges inside and outside also including one transfer relay K2 and monomer charging transfer relay K1, described charge inside power supply is connected with the normally closed some A of the described inside and outside transfer relay K2 that charges, the B normal battle of described external charger and the described inside and outside transfer relay K2 that charges is connected, described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 and monomer charging transfer relay K1 is connected, and the C normal battle of described monomer charging transfer relay K1 is connected with power battery pack BT;
The described single-chip computer control system 400 transfer relay K1 that charges with described inside and outside charge transfer relay K2 and monomer is respectively connected.
Wherein, described cell equalization charging circuit 200, include cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 and a cell charge current sample circuit 203 that a direct current DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit 201, photoelectric coupling resistance Ur is master control, described DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit 201 is connected with cell charge current sample circuit 203 with described photoelectric coupling resistance Ur cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 respectively.
Wherein, described DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit includes a cell charge power supply Vin, described cell charge power supply Vin meets current sampling resistor Rw respectively, the stitch 3 of DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1, resistance R5 in electric capacity C1 and described cell charge current sample circuit 203, current sampling resistor Rw connects the stitch 1 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, 5, 6 and described cell charge current sample circuit 203 in resistance R4, the other end of described electric capacity C1 connects the stitch 7 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, electric capacity C2, the positive pole of diode D, photoelectric coupling resistance Ur input in UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202, the negative pole of electric capacity C and cell B,
Described electric capacity C2 connects the stitch 8 of U1, the stitch 2 of described U1 connects the positive pole of inductance L, relay K 3n and cell B successively, the node Z of the photoelectric coupling resistance Ur in stitch 4 difference connecting resistance R1, UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 of described U1, the other end of described resistance R1 meets node, electric capacity C between inductance L and relay K 3n respectively.
Wherein, described cell charge current sample circuit 203 includes operational amplifier U4, positive input connecting resistance R5 and R6 respectively of described operational amplifier U4, described R6 ground connection;
Reverse input end connecting resistance R4 and R3, the described R3 connecting resistance R7 respectively of described operational amplifier U4, described resistance R7 meets sample rate current output Iout and electric capacity C3 respectively, and described electric capacity C3 connects with resistance R6;
The output of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the node between described resistance R3 and R7, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the earth terminal Vss of described operational amplifier U4 meets-12V.
Wherein, described UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 includes a charge-coupled photodiode be coupled with photoelectric coupling resistance Ur, the positive pole of described charge-coupled photodiode connects the DC power supply of 5V respectively, the collector electrode of a described charge-coupled photodiode other end triode Q2;
The reverse input end of an emitter connecting resistance R9 and operational amplifier U3 of described triode Q2, described resistance R9 ground connection;
The base stage of described triode Q2 connects the output of operational amplifier U3, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U3 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, the earth terminal Vss ground connection of described operational amplifier U3;
The regulable control end DV of a positive input difference connecting resistance R8 and single-chip microcomputer DA output voltage of described operational amplifier U3.
Wherein, described monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 includes an operational amplifier U5, positive input connecting resistance R62 and R64 respectively of described operational amplifier U5, and described resistance R62 is connected with the positive pole of cell B, described resistance R64 ground connection;
The reverse input end connecting resistance R63 and resistance R61 respectively of described operational amplifier U5, described resistance R63 is connected with the negative pole of cell B, described resistance R61 is connected with the output of operational amplifier U5, and the output of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with sampled voltage output end vo ut;
The power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the other end Vss of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of-12V.
Wherein, include casing 1, the front of described casing 11 is provided with two battery pack fixtures 12, the front of described casing 11 is also provided with multiple cell charge status indicating light 13, battery pack charging status indicator light 14, multiple cell charging inlet 15 and multiple monomer battery voltage Sampling Interface 16, and the back side of described casing 11 is also provided with a Phototube Coupling Computer Communications Interface 17.
Wherein, described detect safeguard and balanced maintenance facility form together with master controller for multiple power battery pack, the distribution control system equipment that comprises upper and lower computer.
From above technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, the detection that the invention provides a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it can carry out periodic detection maintenance to the power battery pack of lithium-ion-power cell group and other types, electric voltage equalization maintenance is carried out when the voltage of cell is unbalanced in battery pack, thus greatly improve the service behaviour of power battery pack, the useful life of the whole power battery pack of effective prolongation, the product use sense strengthening battery pack user is subject to, be conducive to the production application prospect expanding battery producer, promote the application of electric motor car industry, the scale of industry can be formed, be of great practical significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the detection maintenance of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention and the circuit structure of balanced maintenance facility;
Fig. 2 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the circuit structure sketch of balanced maintenance facility when having a cell equalization charging circuit and a monomer battery voltage sample circuit;
Fig. 3 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the circuit block diagram of a cell equalization charging circuit in balanced maintenance facility;
Fig. 4 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the physical circuit line map of a cell equalization charging circuit in balanced maintenance facility;
Fig. 5 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the circuit diagram of a monomer battery voltage sample circuit in balanced maintenance facility;
Fig. 6 is by using the present invention, and the detection of the multiple battery pack formed is safeguarded and the balanced structured flowchart maintaining general control system;
Fig. 7 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility has a kind of surface structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the detection maintenance of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention and the circuit structure of balanced maintenance facility.
See Fig. 1, the detection that the invention provides a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, described power battery pack includes multiple cell be cascaded, this equipment includes a switching charging circuit 100, multiple cell equalization charging circuit 200, multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 and a single-chip computer control system 400, wherein:
Switch charging circuit 100, be connected with single-chip computer control system 400 with described power battery pack respectively, described switching charging circuit 100 includes an external charger (described external charger is connected with external power source) and a charge inside power supply, for the charging instruction that single-chip computer control system described in real-time reception 400 sends, when this charging instruction be external charger charging instruction or the instruction of charge inside power source charges time, accordingly described external charger or charge inside power supply are connected with power battery pack and carry out charging (serial connection charge) respectively, namely be specially: when this charging instruction is external charger charging instruction, in real time by external charger and power battery pack phase conductive communication, connection between breaking inner charge power supply and power battery pack, thus by external charger, (i.e. external charging) is charged to whole power battery pack, and when this charging instruction is the instruction of charge inside power source charges, in real time by charge inside power supply and power battery pack phase conductive communication, connection between disconnecting external charger and power battery pack, thus by charge inside power supply, (i.e. charge inside) is charged to whole power battery pack, in addition, when this charging instruction is the charge cutoff instruction of battery pack entirety, both external charger or charge inside power supply and the connection between power battery pack is cut off in real time,
Each cell equalization charging circuit 200, be connected with single-chip computer control system 400 with the cell of in power battery pack respectively, for the charging instruction that single-chip computer control system described in real-time reception 400 sends, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge enabled instruction, carrying out equalizing charge to connected cell (namely first carries out cell constant current charge in real time, then constant voltage charge is carried out), otherwise, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge halt instruction, real-time stopping is charged to connected cell,
Each monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, is connected with single-chip computer control system 400 with the cell of in power battery pack respectively, for the voltage of the cell that Real-time Collection connects, then exports to single-chip computer control system 400;
Single-chip computer control system 400, respectively with switching charging circuit 100, described multiple cell equalization charging circuit 200 is connected with multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, for arranging external charger charging instruction in real time and the instruction of charge inside power source charges (it should be noted that, the button that these two Dictating users not only can be arranged by present device surface inputs setting, can also by the program pre-set in described single-chip computer control system 400, as automatically detected balanced maintenance working procedure to input setting), then be transmitted to and switch charging circuit 100, and pre-set the charging voltage upper limit of cell, the voltage of the multiple cells exported and multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 described in real-time reception is sampled, when external charger or charge inside power supply charge to whole power battery pack, prescribe a time limit if the voltage of some or multiple cell reaches in described cell charging voltage, first the overall charge cutoff instruction of battery pack is sent to switching charging circuit 100, thus control both described switching charging circuit 100 real-time cut-out external charger or charge inside power supply and the connection between power battery pack, then a cell equalizing charge enabled instruction is sent respectively to described multiple cell equalization charging circuit 200, control described cell equalization charging circuit 200 and in real time equalizing charge is carried out to connected each cell, (namely reach in described cell charging voltage at the voltage of certain cell until the voltage of this cell all reaches the described cell charging voltage upper limit and prescribe a time limit, real-time stopping continues charging to it).
It should be noted that, in specific implementation, the present invention can by arranging an external charging button and a charge inside power source charges button on device housings surface, input the instruction of external charger charging instruction charge inside power source charges respectively to single-chip computer control system 400, realizing control is charged to power battery pack by external power source or charge inside power supply.
In specific implementation, the external power source that described external charger can be 220V with voltage is connected, and can also as required, can be the external power source of 240V and other voltage values certainly.Described charge inside power supply can be other battery pack arranged in present device, can also be the generating equipments such as generator.
In specific implementation, described single-chip computer control system 400 can for including the single-chip microcomputer of at least a slice band 24 modulus AD conversion.
it should be noted that, detection for a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, multiple this equipment can be set, thus detection maintenance and balanced maintenance can be carried out to multiple power battery pack, thus meet the user demand of high pressure electric car, the important regular maintenance demand be applicable to high pressure electric car.
In the present invention, can by multiple power battery pack detecting provided by the invention with balanced maintenance facility together with master controller, the distribution control system of composition to multiple power battery pack upper and lower computer, realizes safeguarding and balanced maintenance the routine testing of multiple power battery pack.
Fig. 2 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the circuit structure sketch of balanced maintenance facility when having a cell equalization charging circuit and a monomer battery voltage sample circuit.
Shown in Figure 2, in specific implementation, described switching charging circuit 100 charges inside and outside specifically including one transfer relay K2, a monomer charging transfer relay K1, an external charger (described external charger is connected with external power source) and a charge inside power supply, wherein, described charge inside power supply is connected with the normally closed some A of the described inside and outside transfer relay K2 that charges, the B normal battle of described external charger and the described inside and outside transfer relay K2 that charges is connected, described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 is connected with monomer charging transfer relay K1, the C normal battle of described monomer charging transfer relay K1 is connected with power battery pack BT, the normally closed some C vacant (not connecting miscellaneous part) of described monomer charging transfer relay K1.
In the present invention, see Fig. 2, in order to the operating state allowing described single-chip computer control system 400 can control described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 and monomer charging transfer relay K1, described single-chip computer control system 400 is provided with relay J K interface, this JK interface transfer relay K1 that charges with described inside and outside charge transfer relay K2 and monomer is respectively connected, for energising and the power failure state of control K2 and K1.
It should be noted that, for a relay, it controls the closed of normally opened contact by energising, controls the disconnection of normally opened contact and the closed of normally-closed contact by dead electricity.
In the present invention, make it be energized for K2, JK interface output voltage to K2, so the B normal battle of K2 is closed connects, if JK interface not output voltage to K2, so K2 dead electricity, normally closed some A is closed to be connected; Make it be energized for K1, JK interface output voltage to K1, so the closed connection of normal C battle of K1, if output voltage is not to K1 for JK interface, so K1 dead electricity, normally closed some D closes and connects.
See Fig. 2, for switching charging circuit 100, if the K2 often closed connection of B battle and the K1 often closed connection of C battle, so power battery pack is connected with external charger, now define the external impetus charge circuit to battery pack, thus external power source can carry out external charging to battery pack.In order to realize the object of external charging, described single-chip computer control system 400 is exported to the external charger charging instruction switching charging circuit 100 and is embodied as: by the energising and the power failure state that regulate the output voltage of JK interface to control K1 and K2 in described switching charging circuit 100, thus finally reach control K2 often battle B close connection and K1 often battle, C closed the effect of connection, thus realize by external power source, external charging is carried out to battery pack.
And if K2 normally closed some A closes connection and the K1 often closed connection of C battle, so power battery pack is connected with charge inside power supply, now forms the charge inside loop to battery pack, and described charge inside power supply can carry out charge inside to battery pack.In order to realize the object of charge inside, described single-chip computer control system 400 is exported to the charge inside power source charges instruction switching charging circuit 100 and is embodied as: by the energising and the power failure state that regulate the output voltage of JK interface to control K1 and K2 in described switching charging circuit 100, thus finally reach control K2 normally closed some A and close connection and K1 often battle, C closed the effect of connection, final realization carries out charge inside by charge inside power supply to power battery pack.
In addition, as mentioned above, if output voltage is not to K1 for JK interface, so K1 dead electricity, normally closed the closed connection of D, at this moment external charger and charge inside power supply disconnect the connection between power battery pack.In order to realize cutting off external charger and charge inside power supply and this object be connected between power battery pack, described single-chip computer control system 400 is exported to the overall charge cutoff instruction of the battery pack switching charging circuit 100 and is embodied as: the energising and the power failure state that are controlled K1 in described switching charging circuit 100 by the output voltage of JK interface, thus finally reaches the closed effect connected of the normally closed point of control K1 2.
Can gather the charging voltage of inner charge power supply and charging current data in order to allow described single-chip computer control system 400 and control, described single-chip computer control system 400 is provided with VK and IK interface, for controlling charging constant voltage and the charging constant current of charge inside power supply respectively.In addition, in order to obtain the operating voltage of external charger or charge inside power supply, described single-chip computer control system 400 is also provided with VC interface.
In addition, see Fig. 2, in specific implementation, described single-chip computer control system 400 is also provided with VB interface and charge status indicating light, wherein, described VB interface for connecting the two ends of power battery pack, thus obtains the voltage at power battery pack two ends, and described charge status indicating light is used to indicate the operating state of present system.
Fig. 3 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the circuit block diagram of a cell equalization charging circuit in balanced maintenance facility, and Fig. 4 is the physical circuit line map of a cell equalization charging circuit in the detection maintenance of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention and balanced maintenance facility.
See Fig. 3, Fig. 4, in specific implementation, for cell equalization charging circuit 200 provided by the invention, include a DC(direct current) constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit 201, photoelectric coupling resistance UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 and a cell charge current sample circuit 203, described DC(direct current) constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit 201 is connected with cell charge current sample circuit 203 with described photoelectric coupling resistance Ur cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 respectively, wherein:
Described DC(direct current) constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit includes a cell charge power supply Vin, described cell charge power supply Vin meets current sampling resistor Rw respectively, the stitch 3 of DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1, resistance R5 in electric capacity C1 and described cell charge current sample circuit 203, current sampling resistor Rw connects the stitch 1 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, 5, 6 and described cell charge current sample circuit 203 in resistance R4, the other end of described electric capacity C1 connects the stitch 7 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, electric capacity C2, the positive pole of diode D, photoelectric coupling resistance Ur one end in UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202, the negative pole of electric capacity C and cell B,
Described electric capacity C2 connects the stitch 8 of U1, the stitch 2 of described U1 connects the positive pole of inductance L, relay K 3n and cell B successively, the node Z of the photoelectric coupling resistance Ur in stitch 4 difference connecting resistance R1, UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 of described U1, the other end of described resistance R1 meets node, electric capacity C between inductance L and relay K 3n respectively.
It should be noted that, U1 chip can be constant current constant voltage control chip MC34063, this chip is the main chip controlling electric current and voltage, Vin can reach DC3 ~ 40V, in the present invention, described cell charge power supply Vin is 7V, and it controls electric current (we also with this resistance sampling electric current to single-chip microcomputer) with RW sampling simultaneously, with the dividing potential drop control Vout output voltage of R1 and Ur, so the resistance sizes of control Ur just can reach the effect controlling output voltage.See Fig. 4, described cell charge current sample circuit 203 includes operational amplifier U4, positive input connecting resistance R5 and R6 respectively of described operational amplifier U4, described R6 ground connection.Reverse input end connecting resistance R4 and R3 respectively of described operational amplifier U4, described R3 connecting resistance R7, described resistance R7 meets sample rate current output Iout and electric capacity C3 respectively, and described electric capacity C3 connects with resistance R6.In addition, the output of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the node between described resistance R3 and R7, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the earth terminal Vss of described operational amplifier U4 meets-12V.
See Fig. 4, described UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit 202 includes a charge-coupled photodiode be coupled with photoelectric coupling resistance Ur, the positive pole of described charge-coupled photodiode connects the DC power supply of 5V respectively, the collector electrode of another termination of described charge-coupled photodiode triode Q2, the reverse input end of an emitter connecting resistance R9 and operational amplifier U3 of described triode Q2, described resistance R9 ground connection, the base stage of described triode Q2 connects the output of operational amplifier U3, the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U3 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, the earth terminal Vss ground connection of described operational amplifier U3.The regulable control end DV of a positive input difference connecting resistance R8 and single-chip microcomputer DA output voltage of described operational amplifier U3.
In specific implementation, described DV end can be that the single-chip microcomputer DA output voltage had in single-chip computer control system 400 is used for control U3, U3 and the constant-current control circuit of triode composition to optocoupler diode end, the size controlling optocoupler diode current just determines the size of other end resistance Ur simultaneously, so just reaches the control that monomer charging constant voltage exports.
In the present invention, in specific implementation, the operating state of described relay K 3n can be controlled to allow described single-chip computer control system 400, and then control whether to cell B, equalizing charge is carried out to cell equalization charging circuit 200, see Fig. 2, Fig. 4, in specific implementation, described single-chip computer control system 400 is also provided with JVn interface and Ix interface, described JVn interface is the drive coil of the relay K 3n in described cell equalization charging circuit 200, for energising and the power failure state of control relay K3n.
In the present invention, see Fig. 2, Fig. 4, described Ix interface is connected with sample rate current output Iout in described cell equalization charging circuit 200, thus whether whether described single-chip computer control system 400 can be known with or without charging current in described cell equalization charging circuit 200, namely charging.
It should be noted that equally, for a relay, it controls the closed of normally opened contact by energising, controls the disconnection of normally opened contact and the closed of normally-closed contact by dead electricity.
For relay K 3n, JVn interface output voltage makes it be energized to K3n, so closed connection of normal E battle of K3n, at this moment described cell equalization charging circuit 200 couples of cell B carry out equalizing charge, if and JVn interface not output voltage to K3n, so K3n dead electricity, normal E disconnection battle of K3n, at this moment described cell equalization charging circuit 200 no longer carries out equalizing charge to cell B.In order to realize the object of the charged state controlling described cell equalization charging circuit 200, the cell equalizing charge enabled instruction that described single-chip computer control system 400 exports to cell equalization charging circuit 200 is embodied as: by the energising and the power failure state that regulate the output voltage of JVn interface to control K3n in described cell equalization charging circuit 200, thus the E normal battle finally reaching control K3n closes the effect switched on and off, thus control cell equalization charging circuit 200 and whether carry out equalizing charge to cell B.
For the present invention, it starts to detect each cell after power battery pack electric discharge, if the checkout and diagnosis situation that goes out the low appearance of monomer monomer equalizing charge maintenance can be carried out without large problem in the charging process of power battery pack, battery pack is made to keep optimum.
It should be noted that, for the present invention, when single-chip computer control system 400 detects by external charging or charge inside by monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, some monomer voltages are made to be charged in limited time, relay interface JK action makes K1 be switched to normally closed some D, namely the charge circuit of power battery pack is cut off, and equipment of the present invention can enter monomer equalizing charge state automatically, namely first carries out constant voltage charge to after each monomer constant current charge.
For a cell, its constant current charge process, shown in Figure 4, certain road cell charge power supply Vin is through current sampling resistor RW, enter into DC control circuit, namely resistance is equal to or less than the preset switches voltage of 300mV(and DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 by the voltage that two ends during monomer electric current are formed), then automatically cut off or open output channel, so repeatedly, pass through D again, L, C energy storage filtering, to reach control constant current, when the cell voltage constant current charge of certain monomer arrives upper voltage limit, under the effect of the relay interface JVn of single-chip computer control system 400, K3n is turned off, after each monomer like this all reaches upper voltage limit, transfer constant voltage charge to, because the upper voltage limit set by each cell is the same, so the voltage basis equalization of each cell at this moment.
For a cell, its constant voltage charge process, shown in Figure 4, because the internal resistance of cell and circuit etc. are by causing the existence of empty voltage during electric current, so time cell voltage do not reach real required magnitude of voltage, carry out constant voltage charge just can by voltage stabilization; Resistance R1 gathers the voltage of output point, and by 4 pin of dividing point Z(and U1 with photoelectric coupling resistance Ur) control output voltage and reach stationary value, and UR circuit actual be by the control to optocoupler diode side electric current, realize the control to Ur resistance value, and then regulate monomer charging output voltage; Because single-chip microcomputer has carried out gathering seeing Fig. 5, like this by PID(proportional-integral-differential to the cell voltage of each monomer) regulate the constant pressure adjust control that just can constitute closed loop to output voltage; After certain monomer constant voltage charge to cut-off current parameter, again turn off the K3n of JVn relay, after the constant voltage charge of each cell all stops, balanced maintenance terminates.
Fig. 5 is that the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and the circuit diagram of a monomer battery voltage sample circuit in balanced maintenance facility.
See Fig. 5, described monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 includes the difference sample circuit of an operational amplifier U5 and resistance R61, R62, R63, R64 composition, positive input connecting resistance R62 and R64 respectively of described operational amplifier U5, described resistance R62 is connected with the positive pole of cell B, described resistance R64 ground connection; The reverse input end connecting resistance R63 and resistance R61 respectively of described operational amplifier U5, described resistance R63 is connected with the negative pole of cell B, described resistance R61 is connected with the output of operational amplifier U5, and the output of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with sampled voltage output end vo ut; The power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the earth terminal Vss of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of-12V.
Accordingly, see Fig. 2, Fig. 5, described single-chip computer control system 400 is also provided with Vx interface, described Vx interface is for connecting each sampled voltage output end vo ut of described multichannel monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300, thus described single-chip computer control system 400 can obtain the monomer battery voltage that described monomer battery voltage sample circuit 300 gathers.
Fig. 6 is by using the present invention, and the detection of the multiple battery pack formed is safeguarded and the balanced structured flowchart maintaining general control system.
See Fig. 6, for the present invention, in order to realize the detection control to high-tension large string number battery pack, in view of the single-chip microcomputer image data amount of high precision analogue AD is not too large, the cell voltage of such as each cell and charging current data, safeguard and balanced maintenance to realize carrying out detection to multiple battery pack, the general control system of multiple battery pack can include multiple as Fig. 1, present device shown in Fig. 2, shown in Figure 6, detection shown in Fig. 6 is safeguarded and balanced maintenance general control system includes eight as Fig. 1, present device shown in Fig. 2, i.e. equipment 1 to equipment 8, mutually connect between this multiple equipment, when connecting, their ground voltage difference can not altogether simultaneously.In the present invention, shown equipment 1 to equipment 8 is connected with master controller respectively by a URAT Phototube Coupling communication interface Ut, described master control system is 32 single-chip microcomputers of a large internal memory of high speed, it can collect the data of each subsystem (i.e. equipment 1 to equipment 8) respectively with electronics switching mode, then send PC to and under pass control command, the total voltage/current acquisition of main charging and main charging and monomer switching controls of charging still is responsible for by the single-chip microcomputer of primary importance.
It should be noted that, URAT interface adopts the mechanics of communication of Phototube Coupling to realize computer prison to show control, also this interface can be utilized to communicate with master control machine multiple control system to be composed in series and maintain the detection of the high pressure such as electric automobile large string number battery pack, thus constitute the control system of complete machine.
See Fig. 7, in specific implementation, the detection of a kind of power battery pack provided by the invention is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, include casing 1, the front of described casing 11 is provided with two battery pack fixtures 12, the front of described casing 11 is also provided with multiple cell charge status indicating light 13, battery pack charging status indicator light 14, multiple cell charging inlet 15 and multiple monomer battery voltage Sampling Interface 16, and the back side of described casing 11 is also provided with a Phototube Coupling Computer Communications Interface 17.
For the present invention, in view of real time data amount is comparatively large, dynamic and intelligent diagnosis is more loaded down with trivial details, therefore PC computer can be adopted as single-chip computer control system 400.
Wherein, intelligent diagnostics process for low appearance cell is: when the voltage of power battery pack is lower than charging voltage, if the very fast cell prior to other of the voltage of certain cell reach the default charging voltage upper limit and and voltage difference between the high voltage of voltage second reach default numerical value, so this cell may be exactly the battery of low appearance or there is serious low appearance fault, thus the users such as the battery producer of prompting in time carry out the replacing keeping in repair or carry out battery in time.
For test results report of the present invention, being used as to detect reliably according to except function except recording faithfully detection case, to diagnosis or self-inspection problems and breakdowns out, voucher can being reported for repairment, to repair as early as possible as what be supplied to maintaining unit simultaneously.Testing result is the checkout and diagnosis result to lithium battery group present situation before start charging is maintained, reflect most high monomer voltage and the voltage of minimum monomer and the situation of zero monomer voltage, detection/maintenance result is the diagnostic result to low condition of showing mercy in charging process, and maintenance result is the situation of balanced maintenance end.
For the present invention, it is by detecting to the main charging of whole power battery pack and to the dynamic process of monomer equalizing charge, diagnose out the working condition of the overall performance of power battery pack and each cell, comprehensive and accurate examining report is provided to abnormal problem and problem place, to repair and scene equilibrium maintenance can be carried out to unbalanced problem timely, battery pack is made to play due power performance and useful life.And this equipment is not only applicable to lithium-ion-power cell group, as long as set suitable parameter, the power battery pack of other types can also be applicable to.
The present invention not only avoids the equalization problem long-standing problem worldwide of conservative management system in lithium power battery pack application; for lithium power battery pack to open the way of a feasibility in the extensive use of electric motor car; useful effect can be played to lithium power battery pack manufacturer, electric motor car manufacturer, maintenace point and user; its green energy resource can be advanced to be applied as soon as possible development, and the same problem in the application of existing other types battery power battery pack can be solved.
From above technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, the detection that the invention provides a kind of power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it can carry out periodic detection maintenance to the power battery pack of lithium-ion-power cell group and other types, electric voltage equalization maintenance is carried out when the voltage of cell is unbalanced in battery pack, thus greatly improve the service behaviour of power battery pack, the useful life of the whole power battery pack of effective prolongation, the product use sense strengthening battery pack user is subject to, be conducive to the production application prospect expanding battery producer, promote the application of electric motor car industry, the scale of industry can be formed, be of great practical significance.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the detection of a power battery pack is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described power battery pack includes multiple cell be cascaded, this equipment includes a switching charging circuit (100), multiple cell equalization charging circuit (200), multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit (300) and a single-chip computer control system (400), wherein:
Switch charging circuit (100), be connected with single-chip computer control system (400) with described power battery pack respectively, described switching charging circuit (100) includes an external charger be connected with external power source and a charge inside power supply, for the charging instruction that single-chip computer control system described in real-time reception (400) sends, when this charging instruction be external charger charging instruction or the instruction of charge inside power source charges time, accordingly described external charger or charge inside power supply are connected with power battery pack and charge respectively, and when this charging instruction is the charge cutoff instruction of battery pack entirety, both real-time cut-out external charger or charge inside power supply and the connection between power battery pack,
Each cell equalization charging circuit (200), be connected with single-chip computer control system (400) with the cell of in power battery pack respectively, for the charging instruction that single-chip computer control system described in real-time reception (400) sends, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge enabled instruction, in real time equalizing charge is carried out to connected cell, otherwise, when this charging instruction is cell equalizing charge halt instruction, stop in real time charging to connected cell;
Each monomer battery voltage sample circuit (300), be connected with single-chip computer control system (400) with the cell of in power battery pack respectively, for the voltage of the cell that Real-time Collection connects, then export to single-chip computer control system (400);
Single-chip computer control system (400), respectively with switching charging circuit (100), described multiple cell equalization charging circuit (200) is connected with multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit (300), for arranging external charger charging instruction and the instruction of charge inside power source charges in real time, then be transmitted to and switch charging circuit (100), and pre-set the charging voltage upper limit of cell, the voltage of multiple cells that multiple monomer battery voltage sample circuit (300) sampling exports described in real-time reception, reach in described cell charging voltage at the voltage of some or multiple cell and prescribe a time limit, first in real time the overall charge cutoff instruction of battery pack is sent to switching charging circuit (100), then a cell equalizing charge enabled instruction is sent respectively to described multiple cell equalization charging circuit (200), control described cell equalization charging circuit (200) and in real time equalizing charge is carried out to connected each cell, until the voltage of this cell all reaches the described cell charging voltage upper limit.
2. as claimed in claim 1 detection is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described switching charging circuit (100) is charged inside and outside also including one transfer relay K2 and monomer charging transfer relay K1, described charge inside power supply is connected with the normally closed some A of the described inside and outside transfer relay K2 that charges, the B normal battle of described external charger and the described inside and outside transfer relay K2 that charges is connected, described inside and outside charging transfer relay K2 is connected with monomer charging transfer relay K1, the C normal battle of described monomer charging transfer relay K1 is connected with power battery pack BT,
Described single-chip computer control system (400) the transfer relay K1 that charges with described inside and outside charge transfer relay K2 and monomer is respectively connected.
3. as claimed in claim 1 detection is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described cell equalization charging circuit (200), include a direct current DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit (201), a photoelectric coupling resistance Ur is UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202) and a cell charge current sample circuit (203) of master control, described DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit (201) is connected with cell charge current sample circuit (203) with described UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202) respectively.
4. as claimed in claim 3 detection is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described DC constant-current and constant-voltage control circuit includes a cell charge power supply Vin, described cell charge power supply Vin meets current sampling resistor Rw respectively, the stitch 3 of DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1, resistance R5 in electric capacity C1 and described cell charge current sample circuit (203), current sampling resistor Rw connects the stitch 1 of described DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 respectively, stitch 5, resistance R4 in stitch 6 and described cell charge current sample circuit (203), the stitch 7 of DC constant current constant voltage control chip U1 described in another termination of described electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2, the positive pole of diode D, photoelectric coupling resistance Ur one end in UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202), the negative pole of electric capacity C and cell B,
Described electric capacity C2 connects the stitch 8 of U1, the stitch 2 of described U1 connects the positive pole of inductance L, the negative pole of diode D, successively contact relay K3n and cell B, the stitch 4 of described U1 distinguishes the node Z of the photoelectric coupling resistance Ur in connecting resistance R1 and UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202), and the other end of described resistance R1 meets node, electric capacity C between inductance L and relay K 3n respectively.
5. as claimed in claim 4 detection is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described cell charge current sample circuit (203) includes operational amplifier U4, the positive input connecting resistance R5 and resistance R6 respectively of described operational amplifier U4, described resistance R6 ground connection;
Reverse input end connecting resistance R4 and R3, the described resistance R3 connecting resistance R7 respectively of described operational amplifier U4, described resistance R7 meets sample rate current output Iout and electric capacity C3 respectively, and described electric capacity C3 connects with resistance R6;
The output of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the node between described resistance R3 and R7, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U4 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, the DC power supply of the Vss termination-12V of described operational amplifier U4.
6. as claimed in claim 4 detection is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described UR cell charging voltage regulating circuit (202) includes a charge-coupled photodiode be coupled with photoelectric coupling resistance Ur, the positive pole of described charge-coupled photodiode connects the DC power supply of 5V respectively, and described charge-coupled photodiode other end negative pole connects the collector electrode of a triode Q2;
The reverse input end of an emitter connecting resistance R9 and operational amplifier U3 of described triode Q2, described resistance R9 ground connection; The base stage of described triode Q2 connects the output of operational amplifier U3, and the power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U3 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, the earth terminal Vss ground connection of described operational amplifier U3;
The regulable control end DV of a positive input difference connecting resistance R8 and single-chip microcomputer DA output voltage of described operational amplifier U3.
7. as claimed in claim 1 detection is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described monomer battery voltage sample circuit (300) includes an operational amplifier U5, positive input connecting resistance R62 and R64 respectively of described operational amplifier U5, described resistance R62 is connected with the positive pole of cell B, described resistance R64 ground connection;
The reverse input end connecting resistance R63 and resistance R61 respectively of described operational amplifier U5, described resistance R63 is connected with the negative pole of cell B, described resistance R61 is connected with the output of operational amplifier U5, and the output of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with sampled voltage output end vo ut;
The power input Vdd of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of+12V, and the other end Vss of described operational amplifier U5 is connected with the DC power supply of-12V.
8. as claimed in claim 1 detection is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, include casing (11), the front of described casing (11) is provided with two battery pack fixtures (12), the front of described casing (11) is also provided with multiple cell charge status indicating light (13), a battery pack charging status indicator light (14), multiple cell charging inlet (15) and multiple monomer battery voltage Sampling Interface (16), the back side of described casing (11) is also provided with a Phototube Coupling Computer Communications Interface (17).
9. as claimed in claim 1 detection is safeguarded and balanced maintenance facility, it is characterized in that, described detect maintenance and balanced maintenance facility form together with master controller for multiple power battery pack, the distribution control system equipment that includes upper and lower computer.
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| CN201210015300.8A CN103219552B (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Device for detection maintenance and balanced maintenance of power battery pack |
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| CN201210015300.8A CN103219552B (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Device for detection maintenance and balanced maintenance of power battery pack |
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| CN106058338B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-12-11 | 盐城吉大智能终端产业研究院有限公司 | A kind of detection maintenance of power battery pack and balanced maintenance facility |
| CN209823440U (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-12-20 | 杨明 | A kind of multiple lithium battery active protection system |
| CN108879892B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2024-04-19 | 山东思科赛德矿业安全工程有限公司 | Automatic switching power supply system for double battery packs |
| CN113394849B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2024-05-31 | 惠州市中源新能源有限公司 | A multifunctional lithium battery management system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101362427A (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2009-02-11 | 宁波拜特测控技术有限公司 | Cell management system of electric automobile |
| CN101867205A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-10-20 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Device and method for maintaining lithium ion battery pack |
| CN201667372U (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2010-12-08 | 岑卫东 | Circuit used for battery management system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101362427A (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2009-02-11 | 宁波拜特测控技术有限公司 | Cell management system of electric automobile |
| CN201667372U (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2010-12-08 | 岑卫东 | Circuit used for battery management system |
| CN101867205A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-10-20 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Device and method for maintaining lithium ion battery pack |
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