CN101863688A - Method for preparing water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer from activated sludge - Google Patents
Method for preparing water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer from activated sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN101863688A CN101863688A CN200910049445A CN200910049445A CN101863688A CN 101863688 A CN101863688 A CN 101863688A CN 200910049445 A CN200910049445 A CN 200910049445A CN 200910049445 A CN200910049445 A CN 200910049445A CN 101863688 A CN101863688 A CN 101863688A
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- active sludge
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002921 fermentation waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009655 industrial fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000675108 Citrus tangerina Species 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 aminosaccharide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- RANHLFAPKWTQOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aniline;propane Chemical class CCC.NC1=CC=CC=C1 RANHLFAPKWTQOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002897 organic nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000256113 Culicidae Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DYUQAZSOFZSPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylpropyl alcohol Natural products CCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DYUQAZSOFZSPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005183 environmental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003473 lipid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer from activated sludge. In the method, the activated sludge is used as a main material, livestock and poultry excrement and sorted organic domestic garbage or furfural slag, xylitol slag, industrial fermentation waste residue or crop straws are used as auxiliary materials, and the main material and the auxiliary materials are subjected to chemical catalytic degradation, ammonia-fixing treatment, solid-liquid separation, membrane concentration to remove heavy metal, vacuum evaporation and concentration, and dehydration to form a closed cycle without three wastes; the prepared water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer with high additional value can be used as a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer. The method has the advantages of greatly reducing the using amount of the fertilizer, greatly improving nutrient utilization rate, greatly reducing pollution due to wastage of the fertilizer, improving the quality of agricultural products, optimizing soil structure, and quickly increasing soil fertility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of method that organic solid castoff is made fertilizer of using, belong to organic solid castoff comprehensive utilization composting material field.
Background technology
Traditional fertilizer manufacture method is to utilize feces of livestock and poultry to carry out compost fermentation, and fermentation time is 20 days-30 days, and what have reaches 60 days.Produce a large amount of greenhouse gases and foul gas in the fermenting process, cause the mosquitos and flies parasitism, environmental health is very poor.In the fermenting process, organotrophy carbohydrate and organic acid all change into greenhouse gases and lose.Fermented manure is the class humic acid of the remaining quite stableization that can not decompose again only.Its effect can only be as base manure, and the structure of improving the soil plays to a certain degree water conservation, function of fertilizer retention, does not have direct trophism.Traditional fermented manure can only be made base manure and can not do and topdress, and is organic quick-acting nutritious in default of soluble small molecular.Produce organic farm products and require use fermented manure, it yields poorly, and be the 20%-30% of output to fertilize, and amount of application is big, and every mu of amount of application is up to the 2-3 ton, and the disease and pest generation is often arranged.
The chemical catalysis hydrolysis process for treating that Chinese patent publication number CN1868976 introduces, the aqueous solution that produces because of steam heating in the jar internal reaction after the dehydration, also will dehydrate outside jar in jar earlier, and primary product is water-insoluble solid substance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method of producing water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer with active sludge, to solve the existing existing many weak points of compost fermentation, it is long to have overcome the compost fermentation cycle, is not easy to do and topdresses, the shortcoming that yields poorly etc.The fertilizer that this invention is made is applicable to that on field crop, green house of vegetables, fruit tree and the cash crop, this fertilizer can be used as base manure, also can be used as and topdresses.
The present invention adopts the active sludge of organic solid castoff such as sewage work, and because of the organic composition of the active sludge organic nitrogen compound based on dead thalline, other kinds are that organic carbide is main, and the two cooperation reaches nitrogen, carbon balance.Organic carbonization owner wants composition to be specially the hydrolysate six carbon candys and the five carbon candys of Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, the xylogen hydrolysate is the phenylpropyl alcohol alkanes of different oligopolymer, the fat splitting product is lipid acid and glycerine, the tropina hydrolysate is peptide class, amino acids in the active sludge, somatic cells wall hydrolysate is oligose, amino sugae, produce organic acid in the hydrolytic process, formic acid, acetate.Above-mentioned product carries out molecular transposition in interreaction, produce Maillard reaction, produces a series of dissimilar aminosaccharide mixture, and nitrogen is fixed, and no longer continues degraded, volatilization ammonification and hydrogen sulfide.Reaction product also has the amino-benzene propane class of oligopolymer.
The technical problem that will solve required for the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of producing water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer with active sludge may further comprise the steps:
(1) based on the organic solid castoff of the active sludge of organic nitrogen compound and organic carbide behind the solid ammonia process chemical catalysis hydrolysis of chemical catalysis hydrolysis, solid ammonia, produced water miscible polymer carbohydrate, organic acid, amino acids, aminosaccharide, amino-benzene propane class;
The processing parameter of the chemical catalysis hydrolysis of manufacturing solid fertilizer is open in other patent.Different is that primary product is a water soluble organic substance with disclosed patent, is different from publication, and the aqueous solution that produces because of steam heating in the jar internal reaction after the dehydration, also will dehydrate outside jar in jar earlier, and primary product is water-insoluble solid substance.
Organic carbide described in the step (1) is feces of livestock and poultry, plant hydrolyzed slag, industrial fermentation waste residue and farm crop tangerine bar; Described plant hydrolyzed cinder ladle is drawn together sugar alcohol slag, Xylitol slag.
The described active sludge of step (1) cooperates ratio by 1 of dry basis (dry basis is meant the weight sum of active sludge and organic carbide): 0.5-4 with fowl and animal excrement; Active sludge with the letter sorting after the domestic refuse organism partly cooperate, ratio is pressed 1 of dry basis: 0.3-2; Active sludge cooperates with farm crop tangerine bar, is 1 of dry basis: 0.5-3; Active sludge cooperates with plant hydrolyzed slag, is 1 of dry basis: 0.5-5; Active sludge cooperates ratio to press 1 of dry basis: 0.5-5 with the industrial fermentation waste residue.
Step (1) chemical catalysis hydrolysis, solid ammonia react are to be 1 in jar inner control solid-to-liquid ratio: 2-10, and pH is controlled at 1-4, and temperature is controlled at 105 ℃-250 ℃, and pressure is 0.1Mpa-2.0Mpa, and the reaction times is 1 hour-10 hours.
Step (1) catalyzer is iron system or manganese sub-group compound, and dosage is counted thousandth to thousand/five of organism dry basis with ferric ion or divalent manganesetion.
(2) after the solid ammonia of hydrolysis is finished, carry out solid-liquid separation, be separated into solid part and filtrate;
A kind of with in the plate-and-frame filter press, belt filter press, vacuum suction filter, separating centrifuge of step (2) solid-liquid separation, this is known public technology.
(3) after the solid-liquid separation, solid part returns hydrolytic decomposition pot and continues hydrolysis, circular treatment; Filtrate is crossed with the method for coarse filtration earlier and is filtered to remove suspended substance;
Step (3) filtrate is adopted the coarse filtration method, and sand filtration, cellucotton filter, bag type filtering, millipore filtration are arranged, and is used with wherein a kind of or two kinds.
(4) filtrate through coarse filtration concentrates through membrane sepn again; Ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid is removed heavy metal (open in other patent) earlier, advances reverse osmosis membrane then;
Step (4) adopts ultra-filtration membrane to separate through the filtrate of coarse filtration and reverse osmosis membrane separation is in series;
The molecular weight that step (4) ultra-filtration membrane separates the fenestra cross section is 3000-20000 dalton, and membrane operations pressure is 0.1Mpa-0.6Mpa, and service temperature is 20 ℃-80 ℃, and the film transit dose is controlled at 1l/m
2-6l/m
2
The working pressure of step (4) reverse osmosis membrane separation is 0.3Mpa-1.0Mpa, and service temperature is 20 ℃-80 ℃, and the film transit dose is controlled at 2l/m
2-5l/m
2, the permeate water of reverse osmosis membrane separation is that pure water is recycled.
(5) vacuum-evaporation concentrates; The concentrated solution of ultra-filtration membrane and reverse osmosis membrane mixes that to add the adjusting PH with base value be to carry out triple effect vacuum-evaporation thickner behind the 5.5-7.5;
Described vacuum-evaporation concentrates, and adopts triple effect evaporation, and one imitates temperature is 80 ℃, two to imitate temperature be 70 ℃ that the triple effect temperature is 60 ℃, and the heat exchanger of heat source temperature is 150 ℃-250 ℃, and vacuum degree control is at negative pressure 0.1-0.6Mpa.
Step (5) tail end steam water after condensation reclaims.
Step (5) vacuum-evaporation contains water-soluble solid after concentrating, and concentration is 30%-80%.
The thick thing of the flowability after (6) vacuum-evaporation concentrates adopts the further drying and dehydrating of drying machine; Make water miscible organic solid fertilizer behind the drying and dehydrating;
The described drying machine of step (6) adopts Rotatingandflashstreamingdrier, Pipebundledrier, spray-drier, the percussion flow drying machine, the multilayer rotary-kiln dryer is with a kind of or two kinds of series connection wherein, water content behind the drying and dehydrating is controlled at 5%-20%, contains N+P through the computer batching
2O
5+ K
2O is 10%, and water-soluble organic carbon 30%-45% water content is 5%-20%, metering packing water-soluble fertilizer finished product.
The present invention has broken traditional mindset by long-term compost fermentation production fertilizer.With new method, the chemical catalysis hydrolysis is consolidated ammonia process, is made active sludge and feces of livestock and poultry, plant hydrolyzed slag (comprising sugar alcohol slag, Xylitol slag), industrial fermentation waste residue and farm crop tangerine bar etc. through chemical catalysis hydrolysis, solid ammonia, produced water miscible polymer carbohydrate, organic acid, amino acids, aminosaccharide, amino-benzene propane class, last solid-liquid separation, concentrate, drying and dehydrating makes water miscible organic solid fertilizer.It can not only make base manure, can also do and topdress, and can use merely, can cooperate with chemical fertilizer again, and mixing is used.Can do that solid fertilizer carries out row replacement, face is executed, spreaded manuer in holes.After also can be water-soluble, do foliage fertilizer and dash fertilising.Owing to be the small molecules good water solubility, in not only having, long-acting, but also having immediate effect property.Because effective, amount of application is few, the added value height, to field crop with high-concentration fertilizer compound fertilizer (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=more than 45%) is used the high-concentration fertilizer compound fertilizer that weight such as energy substitutes 50%-70%.As being applied in merely on green house of vegetables, the cash crop, each amount of application is 70 kilograms-150 kilograms, N+P
2O
5+ K
2O content is about 10%, and water-soluble organic carbon is about 30%-45%.Waiting under the input situation than the custom chemical fertilizer, increase production 5%-15%.Significantly improve quality of agricultural product, mouthfeel is good, can also improve the soil, and overcomes to use the Soil degradation phenomenon that chemical fertilizer causes for a long time merely.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, product of the present invention is water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer, and is with short production cycle, and the production whole process only needs 6 hours.
2, in the production process, do not arrange greenhouse gases, do not have stench and peculiar smell to produce, have only the fragrance of coffee, soy sauce, not waste discharge gurry, pollution-free to surrounding environment, discharging equals zero.
3, producing the chemical nitrogen fertilizer energy cost is about 70% of total cost.Energy cost of the present invention is about 30% of a full cost, and this fertilizer can reduce fertilizer amount 50%-70% with the chemical fertilizer compounding application.On vegetables, fruit tree, cash crop, also can use merely.
In sum, produce water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer and can substitute chemical fertilizer, 6 hours production cycles, save the energy 40%, production process is not arranged greenhouse gases.
Description of drawings
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make technique means of the present invention, creation characteristic, to reach purpose and effect is easy to understand,, further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with concrete diagram.
Active sludge is example with the cow dung with feces of livestock and poultry.Technical process in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, as shown in Figure 1, active sludge is 1: 1 with cow dung in the dry basis ratio with feces of livestock and poultry, presses heavy metal of activated sludge content as surpassing state-set standard, can strengthen the cow dung ratio.After the mixing and stirring, the solid ammonia jar of theory of evolution catalytic hydrolysis is handled, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8, and the pH value is controlled at 3.The catalytic hydrolysis temperature is 180 ℃.Pressure is 1.0Mpa, and the reaction times is 2 hours.Catalyzer is the complexing iron of iron series, and the catalyzer dosage is the thousandth of organic materials (active sludge+cow dung) dry basis.
Enter equipment for separating liquid from solid behind the solid ammonia of hydrolysis, use plate-and-frame filter press, working pressure is 0.6Mpa, and time of filter pressing is 1 hour, and temperature is 100 ℃, and cake moisture is 49%, and filter cake returns hydrolytic decomposition pot hydrolysis again after fragmentation.
Filtrate is selected the bag type filtering machine of band automatic backwash for use through coarse filter, and filtering velocity is 5m/ hour.Filter residue returns hydrolytic decomposition pot hydrolysis again, and it is 5% that filtrate contains water-soluble solid substance.
Enter the ultra-filtration membrane separating machine, fenestra cross section molecular weight is 3000 dalton.Membrane operations pressure 0.3Mpa, temperature is 60 ℃, film sees through liquid such as heavy metals exceeding standard, as in batching, not solving, also can be after seeing through liquid removal heavy metal, again after the bag type filtering machine filter and remove suspended substances, advancing reverse osmosis membrane separation machine vacuum operating pressure is 0.6mpa, and service temperature is 60 ℃.The film transit dose is controlled at 3l/m
2
The ultra-filtration membrane concentrated solution enters falling film type triple effect vacuum-evaporator after mixing with the reverse osmosis membrane concentrated solution, one imitates vaporization temperature is 80 ℃, two to imitate vaporization temperatures is 70 ℃, the triple effect evaporation temperature is 60 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.5Mpa by negative pressure, and evaporation vapour water of condensation is recycled.
Enriched material is mobile relatively poor thick thick liquid material, and solid content is 60%, neutralizes neutrality behind pH6.5 with alkali.Dehydrate through Rotatingandflashstreamingdrier, heat source temperature is 200 ℃, and temperature out is 80 ℃.Whirler motor revolution is 2900 commentaries on classics, is 2000 commentaries on classics with speed control by frequency variation.Add chemical nitrogen fertilizer, phosphoric acid, potash fertilizer and be transferred to N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O total nutrient is more than or equal to 10%, and water-soluble organic carbon (in carbon) is more than or equal to 40%.Be water-soluble fertilizer with the metering packing finished product at last.
Embodiment 2
With active sludge with the letter sorting after the domestic refuse organism partly cooperate, ratio is pressed 1: 2 of dry basis; The solid ammonia jar of theory of evolution catalytic hydrolysis is handled, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8, and the pH value is controlled at 4.The catalytic hydrolysis temperature is 250 ℃.Pressure is 1.0Mpa, and the reaction times is 10 hours.Catalyzer is the manganese oxide of manganese series, and the catalyzer dosage is 5/1000ths of organic materials (active sludge+cow dung) dry basis.
Enter equipment for separating liquid from solid behind the solid ammonia of hydrolysis, use plate-and-frame filter press, working pressure is 2.0Mpa, and time of filter pressing is 2 hours, and temperature is 100 ℃, and cake moisture is 49%, and filter cake returns hydrolytic decomposition pot hydrolysis again after fragmentation.
Filtrate is used sand filtration earlier through coarse filter, selects the bag type filtering machine of band automatic backwash again for use, and filtering velocity is 5m/ hour.Filter residue returns hydrolytic decomposition pot hydrolysis again, and it is 5% that filtrate contains water-soluble solid substance.
Enter the ultra-filtration membrane separating machine, fenestra cross section molecular weight is 20000 dalton.Membrane operations pressure 0.30.Mpa, temperature is 60 ℃, film sees through liquid such as heavy metals exceeding standard, as in batching, not solving, also can be after seeing through liquid removal heavy metal, again after the bag type filtering machine filter and remove suspended substances, advancing reverse osmosis membrane separation machine vacuum operating pressure is 0.6mpa, and service temperature is 60 ℃.The film transit dose is controlled at 3l/m
2
The ultra-filtration membrane concentrated solution enters falling film type triple effect vacuum-evaporator after mixing with the reverse osmosis membrane concentrated solution, one imitates vaporization temperature is 80 ℃, two to imitate vaporization temperatures is 70 ℃, the triple effect evaporation temperature is 60 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.5Mpa by negative pressure, and evaporation vapour water of condensation is recycled.
Enriched material is mobile relatively poor thick thick liquid material, and solid content is 60%, neutralizes neutrality behind pH6.5 with alkali.Dehydrate through Pipebundledrier, heat source temperature is 200 ℃, and temperature out is 80 ℃.Bundled tube motor revolution is 2500 commentaries on classics, is 2000 commentaries on classics with speed control by frequency variation.Add chemical nitrogen fertilizer, phosphoric acid, potash fertilizer and be transferred to N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O total nutrient is more than or equal to 10%, and water-soluble organic carbon (in carbon) is more than or equal to 45%.Be water-soluble fertilizer with the metering packing finished product at last.
Embodiment 3
Active sludge cooperates with farm crop tangerine bar, is 1: 2.5 of dry basis; The solid ammonia jar of theory of evolution catalytic hydrolysis is handled, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8, and the pH value is controlled at 4.The catalytic hydrolysis temperature is 250 ℃.Pressure is 1.0Mpa, and the reaction times is 10 hours.Catalyzer is the manganese oxide of manganese series, and the catalyzer dosage is the thousandth of organic materials (active sludge+cow dung) dry basis.
Enter equipment for separating liquid from solid behind the solid ammonia of hydrolysis, use plate-and-frame filter press, working pressure is 2.0Mpa, and time of filter pressing is 2 hours, and temperature is 100 ℃, and cake moisture is 49%, and filter cake returns hydrolytic decomposition pot hydrolysis again after fragmentation.
Filtrate earlier with the cellucotton filter, is selected the bag type filtering machine of band automatic backwash through coarse filter for use again, and filtering velocity is 5m/ hour.Filter residue returns hydrolytic decomposition pot hydrolysis again, and it is 5% that filtrate contains water-soluble solid substance.
Enter the ultra-filtration membrane separating machine, fenestra cross section molecular weight is 20000 dalton.Membrane operations pressure 0.30.Mpa, temperature is 60 ℃, film sees through liquid such as heavy metals exceeding standard, as in batching, not solving, also can be after seeing through liquid removal heavy metal, again after the bag type filtering machine filter and remove suspended substances, advancing reverse osmosis membrane separation machine vacuum operating pressure is 0.6mpa, and service temperature is 60 ℃.The film transit dose is controlled at 3l/m
2
The ultra-filtration membrane concentrated solution enters falling film type triple effect vacuum-evaporator after mixing with the reverse osmosis membrane concentrated solution, one imitates vaporization temperature is 80 ℃, two to imitate vaporization temperatures is 70 ℃, the triple effect evaporation temperature is 60 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.5Mpa by negative pressure, and evaporation vapour water of condensation is recycled.
Enriched material is mobile relatively poor thick thick liquid material, and solid content is 60%, neutralizes neutrality behind pH6.5 with alkali.Spray-dried machine dehydrates, and heat source temperature is 200 ℃, and temperature out is 80 ℃.The motor revolution is 2500 commentaries on classics.Add chemical nitrogen fertilizer, phosphoric acid, potash fertilizer and be transferred to N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O total nutrient is more than or equal to 10%, and water-soluble organic carbon (in carbon) is more than or equal to 30%.Be water-soluble fertilizer with the metering packing finished product at last.
Embodiment 4
Active sludge cooperates with alditol slag xylitol slag, is 1: 4 of dry basis; All the other are with embodiment 1.Add chemical nitrogen fertilizer, phosphoric acid, potash fertilizer and be transferred to N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O total nutrient is more than or equal to 10%, and water-soluble organic carbon (in carbon) is more than or equal to 35%.Be water-soluble fertilizer with the metering packing finished product at last.
Embodiment 5
Active sludge cooperates ratio to press 1: 0.5 of dry basis with the industrial fermentation waste residue.All the other are with embodiment 2.Add chemical nitrogen fertilizer, phosphoric acid, potash fertilizer and be transferred to N+P
2O
5+ K
2The O total nutrient is more than or equal to 10%, and water-soluble organic carbon (in carbon) is more than or equal to 42%.Be water-soluble fertilizer with the metering packing finished product at last.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (16)
1. a method of producing water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer with active sludge is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) consolidates the hydrolysis of ammonia process chemical catalysis, solid ammonia based on the active sludge of organic nitrogen compound and the organic solid castoff of organic carbide through the chemical catalysis hydrolysis, produced water miscible polymer carbohydrate, organic acid, amino acids, aminosaccharide, amino-benzene propane class;
(2) after the solid ammonia of step (1) hydrolysis is finished, carry out solid-liquid separation, be separated into solid part and filtrate;
(3) after step (2) solid-liquid separation, solid part returns hydrolytic decomposition pot and continues hydrolysis, circular treatment; Filtrate is crossed with the method for coarse filtration earlier and is filtered to remove suspended substance;
(4) filtrate through coarse filtration concentrates through membrane sepn again; Ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid is removed heavy metal earlier, advances reverse osmosis membrane then;
(5) vacuum-evaporation concentrates; The concentrated solution of ultra-filtration membrane and reverse osmosis membrane mixes that to add the adjusting PH with base value be to carry out triple effect vacuum-evaporation thickner behind the 5.5-7.5;
The thick thing of the flowability after (6) vacuum-evaporation concentrates adopts the further drying and dehydrating of drying machine; Make water miscible organic solid fertilizer behind the drying and dehydrating.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: organic carbide described in the step (1) is feces of livestock and poultry, plant hydrolyzed slag, industrial fermentation waste residue or farm crop tangerine bar.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described plant hydrolyzed cinder ladle is drawn together sugar alcohol slag, Xylitol slag.
4. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described active sludge cooperates ratio to press 1 of dry basis: 0.5-4 with fowl and animal excrement.
5. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: active sludge with the letter sorting after the domestic refuse organism partly cooperate, ratio is pressed 1 of dry basis: 0.3-2.
6. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: active sludge cooperates with farm crop tangerine bar, is 1 of dry basis: 0.5-3.
7. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: active sludge cooperates with plant hydrolyzed slag, is 1 of dry basis: 0.5-5.
8. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: active sludge cooperates ratio to press 1 of dry basis: 0.5-5 with the industrial fermentation waste residue.
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (1) chemical catalysis hydrolysis, solid ammonia react are to be 1 in jar inner control solid-to-liquid ratio: 2-10, and pH is controlled at 1-4, and temperature is controlled at 105 ℃-250 ℃, pressure is 0.1Mpa-2.0Mpa, and the reaction times is 1 hour-10 hours.
10. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step (1) catalyzer is iron system or manganese sub-group compound, and dosage is counted thousandth to thousand/five of organism dry basis with ferric ion or divalent manganesetion.
11. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step (4) adopts ultra-filtration membrane to separate through the filtrate of coarse filtration and reverse osmosis membrane separation is in series;
12. method according to claim 11 is characterized in that: the molecular weight that step (4) ultra-filtration membrane separates the fenestra cross section is 3000-20000 dalton, and membrane operations pressure is 0.1Mpa-0.6Mpa, and service temperature is 20 ℃-80 ℃, and the film transit dose is controlled at 1l/m
2-6l/m
2
13. method according to claim 11 is characterized in that: the working pressure of step (4) reverse osmosis membrane separation is 0.3Mpa-1.0Mpa, and service temperature is 20 ℃-80 ℃, and the film transit dose is controlled at 2l/m
2-5l/m
2, the permeate water of reverse osmosis membrane separation is that pure water is recycled.
14. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described vacuum-evaporation of step (5) concentrates, adopt triple effect evaporation, one imitates temperature is 80 ℃, two to imitate temperature is 70 ℃, the triple effect temperature is 60 ℃, the heat exchanger of heat source temperature is 150 ℃-250 ℃, and vacuum degree control is at negative pressure 0.1-0.6Mpa.
15. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step (5) vacuum-evaporation contains water-soluble solid after concentrating, and concentration is 30%-80%.
16. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water content behind step (6) drying and dehydrating is controlled at 5%-20%, contains N+P through the computer batching
2O
5+ K
2O is 10%, and water-soluble organic carbon 30%-45% water content is 5%-20%, metering packing water-soluble fertilizer finished product.
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| CN2009100494458A CN101863688B (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Method for preparing water soluble quick-acting organic fertilizer from activated sludge |
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