CN101854923A - 一种与环糊精结合的黄体酮舌下泡腾片剂 - Google Patents

一种与环糊精结合的黄体酮舌下泡腾片剂 Download PDF

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CN101854923A
CN101854923A CN200880112060A CN200880112060A CN101854923A CN 101854923 A CN101854923 A CN 101854923A CN 200880112060 A CN200880112060 A CN 200880112060A CN 200880112060 A CN200880112060 A CN 200880112060A CN 101854923 A CN101854923 A CN 101854923A
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洛伦索·贝洛里尼
卢卡·诺切利
乔治·佐佩蒂
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Abstract

本发明描述了一种黄体酮舌下给药的药物组合物，这种药物组合物是一种可迅速分解的片剂，它可以较大提高黄体酮的生物利用度；还描述了这种药物组合物的制备方法。

Description

一种与环糊精结合的黄体酮舌下泡腾片剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新的舌下含服黄体酮药物组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
黄体酮是一种类固醇荷尔蒙，是由育龄妇女在月经周期后半期卵巢分泌的。它可以用于治疗目的，比如，绝经妇女的激素替代疗法，用做口服避孕药，以及治疗月经不调。
很多已知的使用黄体酮的方法，比如注射，通过阴道，通过口服，其中最后一种方法对患者而言是最容易被接受，最舒服的方式，特别是对于需要长期治疗的患者。
通过口服，黄体酮的疗效会大幅减弱，然而，更大限制生物利用度是源于它溶于水，而且在肝脏内很快被降解掉；这两个因素造成了黄体酮在胃肠道里吸收很差。
为克服这些困难，有人提出，使黄体酮在口腔中施用并吸收，这样就减少了黄体酮在胃肠道中比在肝脏中吸收少的影响。上述所说的给药方式除非黄体酮以其水溶性衍生物的形式给药，否则一般只能产生有限的血中黄体酮含量。美国发明专利4,596,795描述了一种施用黄体酮的药片制剂，将药片施用在口腔或者舌下部位，其中黄体酮与特定的β-环糊精相结合。事实上，当与这些化合物结合，黄体酮所形成的包合物能溶于水环境，从而有利于它的生物利用度。
通过舌下给药的方式，此专利指出药片的分解需要几分钟的时间。
发明内容
根据本发明，非常惊喜的发现，向含有黄体酮和环糊精组分中添加某种赋形剂可以产生一种能够压缩成药片的粉末，这种药片能很紧密的包装起来，但是尽管如此当此药片被施用在舌下时，能够迅速分解开。而且上述所说的这种能够迅速分解开的药片与没有添加赋形剂的药片相比，能够提高黄体酮的生物利用度。
迅速分解，我们指的是不多于2分钟的时间。本发明的方案是，一种用于与环糊精关联的黄体酮舌下给药的药物组合物，其特点在于该药物组合物是能够迅速降解的药片，该药片含有能够在舌下部位释放出CO2的赋形剂。
基于上述目的，该药片优选含有碳酸氢盐，比如碳酸氢钠，以及适当的酸，比如柠檬酸等。
根据本发明，通过将黄体酮与环糊精联合或结合起来，我们得到了如美国4,596,795中所描述的配位衍生物。
本发明的进一步目的是提供制备上述药物组合物的方法，此方法可以通过以下几步完成：
a)筛分赋形剂及原材料；
b)混合；
c)将上述混合物压缩制成上述所说的成品片剂。
通过本发明制备的药物组合物的特点及优点在下面的说明书中详细阐明。
附图说明
附图1是在舌下给药的方式，施用含20mg活性成分的通过示例1(本发明)与示例2(对比)的方法制成的药片后，血浆中黄体酮浓度(ng/ml)对时间的比较。
具体实施方式
作为非限制性的实施例，所述能够在舌下部位释放CO2的赋形剂是柠檬酸和碳酸氢盐。本发明组合物中柠檬酸的含量为占该组合物总质量的5％～20％w/w，优选是10％w/w。
本发明组合物中碳酸氢盐的含量为占该组合物总质量的5％～20％w/w，优选是12％w/w。
本发明组合物中的碳酸氢盐优选是碳酸氢纳。
根据本发明优选实施例，黄体酮与环糊精的摩尔比介于1-2之间。
适用于本组合物的环糊精是，β-环糊精或者2-羟丙基-β-环糊精；本发明组合物优选含有2-羟丙基-β-环糊精。
该组合物中环糊精的含量优选为占该组合物总质量的27％～40％w/w。
除有效成分(黄体酮)，环糊精以及具有起泡功能的赋形剂(柠檬酸和碳酸氢纳)，本发明的药物组合物还可以包含一些药理上适用的、选自常规用于制作迅速分解药片的药物制剂的赋形剂。
现在的这种药片形式的药物组合物，虽然它坚硬的足够维持形状与完整，从而使产品可以包装以及保存，但是一旦当它被置于舌下，就会在大概60～120s内被迅速分解。
此外，药物代谢动力学(在例3中详细描述到)已经证明了本发明的组合物中黄体酮与其他不含有泡腾赋形剂的(例如柠檬酸和碳酸氢纳)舌下给药的类似组合物相比，生物利用度提高了约30％。
本发明可以制备不同剂量的黄体酮药片，比如黄体酮含量5～30mg，其中优选为20mg。
下面的例子是本发明的非限制的示例。
制备方法示例1：
配方：
1)羟丙基-β-环糊精，Kleptose(HPBCD)batch E0033，13.5kg
2)微米级黄体酮，batch L00025494，1.35kg
3)蒸馏水，of 13.06.05，55.4625kg
把溶液冻干的方法：
1)把42.2625Kg的蒸馏水转移到200L容量的溶解器A中；
2)把第一次半成品装入不锈钢的容器B中；
蒸馏水6.6kg
羟丙基-β-环糊精6.75kg
然后在室温下搅拌20分钟，至溶液清澈且无沉淀；
3)把0.675Kg的微米级黄体酮加入到通过第2步制得的溶液中；
在室温下搅拌45分钟；
把所得到的溶液倒入通过第1步准备的溶解器中；
4)通过第2，3步在不锈钢容器B中制得第二次半成品并转移到通过第1，3步准备的溶解器A中；
5)把最终的溶液在200L的溶解器中混合10分钟；
所得到的溶液是清澈的且不含有气泡的；
取出约40ml的溶液，以供分析；
把溶液放入冷冻干燥器；
6)在2bar的无水空气压力下，使溶液通过0.46μm的过滤柱过滤；
7)把溶液连续地铺在一次性的高密度聚乙烯垫子上(16——保持堆积厚度为1厘米)；
8)把产物冷冻干燥；
9)得到的产物通过震荡造粒机磨碎，然后通过1mm的滤器滤过；
得到13.9kg产物；
10)最终产物装在三个铝制容器中，之后密封起来。
最终的粉末具有下列特点：
卸离垫子时的散装湿度0.9％。
经研磨之后的湿度1.5％。
倒出后的堆积密度0.26g/ml
压实后的密度0.32g/ml
粒度分布：
95％介于50～800μm之间
平均值＝260μm
实例1
根据本发明，舌下给药的黄体酮片剂的制备方法。
按照如下标记分别称量各组分：
1 黄体酮复合物(如制备方法示例1所述)   质量/g1507
  2  聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Polyvinylpyrrolidone CL)   253.45
  3  无水柠檬酸粉   445.25
  4  碳酸氢纳粉   548
  5  硅酸钙   616.5
1 黄体酮复合物(如制备方法示例1所述)   质量/g1507
  6  山梨醇   787.75
  7  硬脂富马酸钠   34.25
  8  阿斯巴甜(E951)   137
  9  调味剂   226.05
 总重   4555.25
原料1)，2)，3)，4)，5)，6)，9)预先混合，然后通过一个网格筛孔是1mm的筛子进入一个混合器。
组分8)单独通过筛孔是0.5mm的筛子进入混合器。
这些原料混合器中20rpm/60”的转速下，混合25分钟。
组分9)通过筛孔是0.2mm的筛子进入混合器。
继续以20rpm/60”的速度混合5分钟。
取出粉末并通过直径是16mm的圆冲子将其压缩，制成了平均质量是665mg±3％，平均硬度是35N±3N的片剂。
把这些片剂用吸塑包装以合适的方式包好，并放入纸箱中。
最终的片剂有以下特征：
平均质量：660.4，平均滴度(Mean Titre)＝103.1％d.d，硬度＝33N，分解时间＝100s
实例2(对比)
不添加柠檬酸和碳酸氢盐的舌下给药的黄体酮片剂的制备方法。
按照如下标记分别称量各组分：
1 黄体酮复合物(如制备方法示例1所述)   质量/g44
2  聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PolyvinylpyrrolidoneCL) 7.4
  3  硅酸钙   18
1 黄体酮复合物(如制备方法示例1所述)   质量/g44
  4  山梨醇   52
  5  硬脂富马酸钠   1
  6  阿斯巴甜(E951)   4
  7  调味剂   6.6
 总重   133
原料1)，2)，3)，4)，7)预先混合，然后通过一个网格筛孔是1mm的筛子进入一个混合器。
组分6)单独通过筛孔是0.5mm的筛子进入混合器。
这些原料混合器中20rpm/60”的转速下，混合25分钟。
组分5)通过筛孔是0.2mm的筛子进入混合器。
继续以20rpm/60”的速度混合5分钟。
取出粉末并通过直径是16mm的圆冲子将其压缩，制成了平均质量是665mg±3％，平均硬度是35N±3N的片剂。
把这些片剂用吸塑包装以合适的方式包好，并放入纸箱中。
最终的片剂有以下特征：
平均质量：664，平均滴度＝101.1％d.d，硬度＝32N，分解时间＝90s
实例3
药代动力学研究
进行初步药代动力学研究，将示例1中所描述的本发明的方法与作为参照的示例2中所描述的方法制备的片剂做一个比较。
附图1中的曲线是比较在舌下分别施用有效成分20mg的示例1和示例2所制得的黄体酮片剂后，血浆中黄体酮浓度(ng/ml)随时间的变化。
图中所绘的两条曲线代表经过上述处理的三个对象的平均值(+SD)。
非常清楚地可以看到，代表示例1的结果的曲线比代表示例2结果的曲线高出约30％的生物利用度。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于与环糊精结合的黄体酮舌下给药的药物组合物，其特征在于：所述药物组合物为可迅速分解的片剂，该片剂含有能够在舌下释放出CO2的赋形剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：所述能够在舌下部位释放出CO2的赋形剂是柠檬酸和碳酸氢盐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：所述能够在舌下部位释放出CO2的赋形剂是柠檬酸和碳酸氢钠。
4.根据权利要求2所述的组合物，其特征在于：所述柠檬酸含量占所述组合物总质量的5％～20％w/w，并优选10％w/w。
5.根据权利要求2所述的组合物，其特征在于：所述碳酸氢盐含量占所述组合物总质量的5％～20％w/w，并优选12％w/w。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：所述环糊精是β-环糊精或者2-羟丙基-β-环糊精。
7.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：所述黄体酮与所述环糊精的摩尔比介于1到2之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：所述环糊精占所述组合物总质量的27％～40％w/w。
9.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：所述片剂在置于舌下后，约60～120s内即可完全分解。
10.一种前述任意一项权利要求所述的药物组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下几步：a)过滤各组分；b)将其混合；c)通过压缩将混合物制成所述片剂。
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