CN101836559A

CN101836559A - Vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method

Info

Publication number: CN101836559A
Application number: CN 201010207281
Authority: CN
Inventors: 关慧明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-06-23
Filing date: 2010-06-23
Publication date: 2010-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-23
Also published as: CN101836559B

Abstract

The invention relates to a vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method, which comprises the following steps: taking 1-2 cm of the stem apex of the main stem or side branch of the vegetable crop, and taking 2 cotyledons, which have just flattened, on vegetable of another type as the transplanting material; cutting both sides of the 1-2 cm of stem apex with a cutter blade into a wedge shape, pricking a wedge-shaped hole in the stem of the cotyledon base of the vegetable crop of other type by using a wedge-shaped bamboo stick, inserting the stem apex into the wedge-shaped hole, and holding the stem apex with a clip; planting and culturing the transplanted plant into a culture bed; after 6-8 days, gradually ventilating and exposing to light; and after 10-15 days, completely removing the thermal-insulation moisture-retaining shading device so that the seedlings survive. A plurality of growing points of one plant can be simultaneously transplanted to a plurality of tree stocks; the growing points of the fringe in any period can be grafted to the tree stock in the seedling period; and the hereditary features of each transplanted seedling come from a plurality of stem apexes of one plant, and the hereditary features are the same after the transplantation.

Description

Vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the plant graft technology, relate in particular to vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method.

Background technology

Grafting is a traditional agronomic technique, and China's Xinhua dictionary is defined as it " the vegetative a kind of main mode of plant, a branch or a bud on the clip maternal plant are received on another plant, make it be combined into new plant ".According to this definition, the grafting of plant relates generally to the branch of plant, stem and bud, plays an important role at aspects such as preventing the harm of scion plant soil-borne diseases, enhancing growth potential, raising resistance, increase output based on the grafting on this meaning; Because of its characteristic that can keep former kind, finished product is low, the reproduction coefficient height.A little less than a branch ability, the breeding of grow slow and rare kind, more suitable; Also can be used for changing undesirable species or the several kinds of grafting in same strain.Thereby on vegetables, fruit tree and flowers, be used widely.Bimillennium domestic and international application all be the binary grafting, promptly stock and scion 1:1 carry out grafting, must join period at the sub-seedling of two strain seedling.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method, to overcome the deficiency of existing binary graft technology.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:

1) gets stem stem apex or the side shoot stem apex 1-2cm of vegetable crop, get the cotyledon that has just flattened on 2 another kind of vegetables afterwards again and connect material as moving;

2) stem apex with the 1-2cm that gets in the step 1) is whittled into wedge shape with blade in its both sides, pricks a wedged hole with the wedge shape bamboo let in the stem of the cotyledon base portion of another vegetable crop, stem apex is inserted in the wedged hole and with clip to clip then;

3) with step 2) in move the plant that connects and plant in the cultivation bed, keep 25-30 degree centigrade daytime in temperature then, keep 15-20 degree centigrade night, sunshade net with shading rate 80% carries out shading, and be barricaded as little shed with mulch film the plant that moves after connecing is preserved moisture, relative moisture remains under the condition more than 95% and kept 6-8 days; Began progressively to ventilate through 6-8 days and see light, through 10-15 days, remove the heat and moisture preserving equipment that shelters from heat or light fully, seedling survives; 6-8 days shelter from heat or light, preserve moisture and insulating process in, need carry out 2-3 time wound disinfection, adopt in 10 jin of water to add and dislike mould clever 4 grams, add streptomycin 100-200 ten thousand units and carry out disinfection; In stem apex moves after connecing 1-2 days, spray the basic element of cell division, concentration is 100ppm, promotes callus to form, and quickens to move to connect, and improves to move to be connected into viability.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: can get some stem apexs of going up from a plant and move and be connected into work owing to move connection technology, so just reduce seedling cost greatly.At present, China's protection ground growth of watermelon is greatly about 1,000,000 mu, and every mu of watermelon needs 3000 of import seed kinds, and every seed kind price 3-5 mao can make every mu with seed kind amount minimizing 90%, every mu reduces about 9 yuan of seed costss, can make China melon grower increase income 9 hundred million; Move connect after, move and connect the advantage that seedling has graft technology, mainly can eradicate soil-borne disease.Because the stock well developed root system can make the output of crop, quality increase, cold resistance increases simultaneously; Move connection technology and effectively utilized the advantage that contains virus hardly, move and connect the control rate raising 80% of seedling virus disease; Several growing points of a plant move with several stocks simultaneously and connect, and scion and stock ratio can reach 1:10; The stock that fringe is got its growing point and sub-seedling period at any growth period carries out grafting; Each pearl moves a plurality of stem apexs that the hereditary feature that connects seedling comes from same plant, move connect after, its hereditary feature is identical; Melon (as watermelon, the cucumber) that grow any period is called the growing point that scion is planted, comprise the branch growing point, (stem apex) takes off 1-2 centimetre, grafting is after be unearthed, and the pumpkin seedling before true leaf grows (becomes: stock), survive by above-mentioned management and to reach more than 90%, such strain scion can be got a plurality of growing point graftings to a plurality of stocks, reach the many usefulness of a seedling, the purpose of grafting at any time improves the production availability.

Embodiment

The described a kind of vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method of the embodiment of the invention may further comprise the steps:

3) with step 2) in move the plant that connects and plant in the cultivation bed, keep 25-30 degree centigrade daytime in temperature then, keep 15-20 degree centigrade night, sunshade net with shading rate 80% carries out shading, and be barricaded as little shed with mulch film the plant that moves after connecing is preserved moisture, relative moisture remains under the condition more than 95% and kept 6-8 days; Began progressively to ventilate through 6-8 days and see light, through 10-15 days, remove the heat and moisture preserving equipment that shelters from heat or light fully, seedling survives; 6-8 days shelter from heat or light, preserve moisture, in the insulating process, need carry out 2-3 time wound disinfection, adopt to add in 10 jin of water and dislike mould clever 4 grams, add streptomycin 100-200 ten thousand units and carry out disinfection; In stem apex moves after connecing 1-2 days, spray the basic element of cell division, concentration is 100ppm, promotes callus to form, and quickens to move to connect, and improves to move to be connected into viability.

Can get some stem apexs of going up from a plant and move and be connected into work owing to move connection technology, so just reduce seedling cost greatly.China's protection ground growth of watermelon is greatly about 1,000,000 mu, and every mu of watermelon needs 3000 of import seed kinds, and every seed kind price 3-5 mao can make every mu with seed kind amount minimizing 90%, every mu reduces about 9 yuan of seed costss, can make China melon grower increase income 9 hundred million; Move connect after, move and connect seedling and have all advantages of graft technology, mainly can eradicate soil-borne disease.Because the stock well developed root system can make the output of crop, quality increase, cold resistance increases simultaneously; Move connection technology and effectively utilized the advantage that contains virus hardly, move and connect the control rate raising 80% of seedling virus disease; Several growing points of a plant move with several stocks simultaneously and connect, and scion and stock ratio can reach 1:10; The stock that fringe is got its growing point and sub-seedling period at any growth period carries out grafting; Each pearl moves a plurality of stem apexs that the hereditary feature that connects seedling comes from same plant, move connect after, its hereditary feature is identical.

Stem apex moves the connection technology example

One, at the beginning of 2010 3 months, in the greenhouse of 5 peasant familys such as person of outstanding talent's moat natural village, red sand dam, Fengzhen City, Inner Mongol town Liu Gui treasured, seedling Guoqiang, carried out this show-how.

Get 10 millimeters of watermelon (1 meter high) branch stem apexs, be plugged on the pumpkin seeds seedling and (do not go out the seedling of true leaf), move altogether and connect 5000 strains, survival rate will be moved at the beginning of 90%, 4 month and be connect seedling and plant in the greenhouse, connect melon mid-May, and June 10 gathered.

The result: (1) fusarium wilt control rate 100%, and contrast withered death strain number reaches 43%;

(2) output: move and connect every mu of seedling and reach 8500 jin (not moving and connecing the seedling per mu yield is 5600 jin), do not connect the seedling per mu yield and improve 51% than moving;

(3) move and connect seedling and reduce to produce with kinds 3000 every mu, reduce with 9000 yuan of kind of costs than grafting.

Two, examine in the Inner Mongol that flag carries out above-mentioned production by technician Niu Yuhai in the right side in 1 mu of greenhouse, obtain identical result.

Three, in greenhouse, 18 the administrative village Chen Mi in Fengzhen City jail, get the branch stem apex, receive on the same strain pumpkin rootstock, also obtained moving and be connected into plant alive with time shift from watermelon and cucumber plant; Getting stem apex from the plant of muskmelon and cucumber simultaneously moves to receive also to have obtained moving on the strain pumpkin and is connected into result alive.Arrive this, on the Chinese history first, the plant of the two kinds of vegetable crops that do not belong to together that grow simultaneously on the same plant has produced.

Claims

1. a vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

1) gets stem stem apex or the side shoot stem apex 1-2cm of a kind of vegetable crop, get the cotyledon that has just flattened on 2 another kind of vegetables afterwards again and connect material as moving;

2) stem apex with the described 1-2cm that gets in the step 1) is whittled into wedge shape with blade in its both sides, in the stem of the cotyledon base portion of described another kind of vegetable crop, prick a wedged hole, described stem apex is inserted in the described wedged hole and with clip clip then with the wedge shape bamboo let;

3) with step 2) in move the plant that connects and plant in the cultivation bed, keep 25-30 degree centigrade daytime in temperature then, keep 15-20 degree centigrade night, sunshade net with shading rate 80% carries out shading, and be barricaded as little shed with mulch film the plant that moves after connecing is preserved moisture, relative moisture remains under the condition more than 95% and kept 6-8 days; Began progressively to ventilate through 6-8 days and see light, through 10-15 days, remove the heat and moisture preserving equipment that shelters from heat or light fully, seedling survives.

2. vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the 6-8 described in the step 3) days shelter from heat or light, preserve moisture and insulating process in, need carry out 2-3 time wound disinfection, adopt to add in 10 jin of water to dislike mould clever 4 grams and add streptomycin 100-200 ten thousand units to carry out disinfection.

3. vegetable crop stem apex transplanting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 3), in the 1-2 after stem apex moves and connects days, spraying concentration is the basic element of cell division of 100ppm.