CN101822159A - Method for artificially planting cistanche deserticola by saline water drip irrigation technology - Google Patents
Method for artificially planting cistanche deserticola by saline water drip irrigation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101822159A CN101822159A CN201010159864A CN201010159864A CN101822159A CN 101822159 A CN101822159 A CN 101822159A CN 201010159864 A CN201010159864 A CN 201010159864A CN 201010159864 A CN201010159864 A CN 201010159864A CN 101822159 A CN101822159 A CN 101822159A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for artificially planting cistanche deserticola by the saline water drip irrigation technology, which uses the saline water with a salinity of 4-30g/L-1, and comprises the steps of constructing (or converting) a host forest, inoculating the cistanche deserticola, managing and protecting the forest land, and harvesting the cistanche deserticola. The method has the advantages of greatly improving the inoculation rate and output of the large-scale production, reducing the cost, fundamentally solving the problem of low benefit which has long bedeviled the cistanche deserticola cultivation, and widening the path of developing the water resource of the cistanche deserticola. Because of using the drip irrigation technology to develop the haloxylon ammodendron cultivation by saline water resource in arid regions and inoculating the cistanche deserticola, the method effectively solves the problem that the cistanche deserticola cultivation is low in inoculation rate and benefit and hard to popularize in the large-scale development of the cistanche deserticola deserticulture which is bedeviled various regions at present, meanwhile, the method also has the advantages of low requirement on terrain and soil conditions, and no competition for water without occupying farmlands; therefore, the invention has a significant promotional value on the construction and renovation of the protection forest system at the periphery of the oasis in extreme arid regions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt the method for artificially planting cistanche deserticola by saline water drip irrigation technology at arid biogeographic zone.
Background technology
Saline cistanche Herba Cistanches is the parasitic plant that Orobanchaceae Orobanchaceae saline cistanche belongs to Cistanches, mainly contains Desert Herba Cistanches (Haloxylon Haloxlonammodendron (C.C.May) Bge), Cistanche tubulosa (Tamarix tamarixspp.), Saline Cistanche Herb (alkali is fluffy etc.) three classes with host's difference.Main product has fabulous medical value in the desert or the saline land of Xinjiang, the Inner Mongol, Gansu and Ningxia one band of China, have the title of " desert genseng ", is excellent tonic product among the people from ancient times.In recent years, research has extensively and profoundly all been carried out in saline cistanche chemical composition, pharmacological action both at home and abroad, the result shows, saline cistanche is strengthening body immunity, improves human body endurance, tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, increasing intelligence, protects the liver, regulates and shown certain activity aspect internal secretion and anti-oxidant, anti-ageing the waiting for a long time.Along with the raising of living standards of the people, saline cistanche more and more comes into one's own, and market demand is very big.At present, China saline cistanche because transition is excavated, causes the saline cistanche resource to be on the verge of exhaustion substantially from wild resource, has been listed in China national second class protection plant, and by income " international conservation of wild plant register ".Present wild saline cistanche has been under an embargo and has excavated.
The artificial culture saline cistanche has carried out extensive experimentation research at home, obtained many technical experiences, but to exist rate of vaccination lower always, the output instability, inoculation, the cost of gathering do not form the perfect production technology pattern that can reach industrialization as yet than problems such as height.Though some areas are promoted the saline cistanche exploitation, help as local emerging sand industry, effect is not satisfactory.The Tarim Basin of southern Xinjiang is the traditional naturally place of production that is seeded in the Cistanche tubulosa on the Chinese tamarisk, local also energetically the industry development of support Cistanche tubulosa, yet be faced with the puzzlement of the problems referred to above too, also exist the problem of freeze injury simultaneously, also do not have desirable technical solution approach so far.
All the time, what purchase on the market mainly is Desert Herba Cistanches and Cistanche tubulosa, and the price of Desert Herba Cistanches is than the Cistanche tubulosa height, and as spring in 2008, Desert Herba Cistanches dry product gradeless and uniformly-priced goods procurement price on average was higher than 20 yuan/kg of Cistanche tubulosa.Though the host of Desert Herba Cistanches--sacsaoul, Condition in North Xinjiang and West Inner Mongolia in that China mainly grows in Xinjiang also have a spot of natural distribution in the area, South Sinkiang.The famous Tarim Desert Highway shelter-forest project that runs through the Takla Makan Desert is just irrigated with local saline groundwater, has planted sacsaoul in a large number as the main kind of planting trees, and drought resisting, salt tolerant effect are splendid.Therefore, greatly developing irrigation with saline water construction sacsaoul shelter forest in the southern Xinjiang under-developed area is fully feasible technically, and more economize on water, be easier to management than traditional Chinese tamarisk shelter forest, this is also indicating simultaneously, and the higher Desert Herba Cistanches industry of the value of developing the economy in the South Sinkiang has vast potential for future development.
The present invention has passed through years of researches and scale practice, and it is along the line to reach desert highway in the desert innerland-Ta in area, South Sinkiang, Xinjiang, utilizes 4-30gL
-1Irrigation with saline water artificial planting Desert Herba Cistanches is succeedd, and has passed through scale, standardized planting test, has formed a whole set of practical irrigation with saline water artificial planting Desert Herba Cistanches high yield technique pattern.The exploitation of Desert Herba Cistanches sand industry and the transformation of forests for windbreak and sand-fixation, for the western freshwater resources of China lack the area, especially the peasant of southern Xinjiang low developed area provides a kind of new, reliable way to get rich, and the while also provides a new thinking of development for the construction of the peripheral shelter forest in Sha Qu oasis
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is; the problem that the large-scale production rate of vaccination is low, cost is high that is faced at the Desert Herba Cistanches industry development of surrounding area, current arid biogeographic zone desert and develop the problem that freshwater resources lack in a large number provides a kind of method of artificially planting cistanche deserticola by saline water drip irrigation technology.This method is to finish by building host woods (or transformation), inoculating cistanche salsa, the forest land saline cistanche step of managing and protecting, gather; the rate of vaccination and the output of large-scale production have greatly been improved; reduced cost; fundamentally solved the low problem of long-term puzzlement saline cistanche plantation industrial benefit; simultaneously, also widened the water resource approach of development of meat desert cistanche industry.The method of the invention is utilized drip irrigation technique exploitation arid biogeographic zone salt water resource plantation sacsaoul; the inoculation Desert Herba Cistanches has solved effectively that rate of vaccination is not high in the present puzzlement various places saline cistanche sand industry scales exploitation, benefit is low; the problem that is difficult to promote; also have landform and soil condition less demanding simultaneously; do not account for the arable land; the characteristics of water out of question, this has great promotional value for the construction of the peripheral protection forest system in the oasis that is in the extreme drought district and transformation, shows technological progress.
The method of a kind of artificially planting cistanche deserticola by saline water drip irrigation technology of the present invention follows these steps to carry out:
The construction of a, sacsaoul woods: utilize salinity to be 4-30gL
-1Salt water, adopt conventional drip irrigation appliance, build according to determinant or banded configuration mode, wherein the line-spacing of determinant is 3m, spacing in the rows is 1m; Banded configuration, 2 behaviors, 1 band is with apart from 3m line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m;
The inoculation of b, saline cistanche: smooth for landform, the local relief gradient adopts the trench digging inoculation less than 10 ° zone, is ditching apart from host's sacsaoul woods 20-30cm place, is blocking the sacsaoul root, furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 55-60cm according to forest belt one side; The cave inoculation is dug in the local big location 20 ° of employings of 10 ° of ∠ gradients ∠ that rise and fall for landform, and hole length is 50cm, and wide 20-30cm is unanimous between the higher and lower levels; After ditch or cave scrape out, evenly sow cistanche deserticola seed along bottom of trench, adopt the rake rake, rake degree of depth 3-8cm, earthing 5-10cm, the barnyard manure 1kg/m that executes diammonium phosphate 15-20g/m then or become thoroughly decomposed, the even back of rake earthing is to Horizon, after inoculation is finished drip irrigation pipe is moved on the plantation ditch by root, and fasten with the U type;
C, forest land are managed and protected: drip irrigation is poured water once in back 3 days of inoculation, should pour water as early as possible once before sacsaoul is sprouted early spring, it is inferior that dripping irrigation water is the 30kg/ strain by norm, later irrigating water quota control 20kg/ strain is inferior, be 15-20 days irrigation frequency, soil moisture content reaches effective water content ranges percentage by weight 3-5% in the soil depth 30-100cm, and the wettable layer degree of depth is 200cm;
D, fertilizing management: afforestation treat then nursery stock stable survive enter vegetative period after, imposing quick-acting fertilizer urea 5-9 month 3 times, annually later on impose 2-3 time in the 6-8 month, it is inferior that fertilizing amount is the 10g/ strain;
E, gather according to a conventional method.
Step a drip irrigation appliance is that every strain sacsaoul root is settled 1 drip irrigation emitter, flow 3.0-4.0kg/h.
Step b seeding quantity is 300-400 grain/m.
Step b adopts that rake is positive and negative respectively to be hugged 1 time.
The method of artificially planting cistanche deserticola by saline water drip irrigation technology of the present invention, this method to the construction specific requirement of host woods is:
The natural conditions requirement
The planting site hypsography is unsuitable excessive, and the gradient should be less than 20 °; Soil requires to avoid clayey soil for aeolian sandy soil or husky loamy texture soil; The irrigation water salinity should be less than 30gL
-1, bury of groundwater is not less than 2m;
Post the construction of plant species
Adopt sacsaoul (Haloxylon), afforestation technology can be with reference to local relevant Technical regulations for afforestation or standard;
Configuration mode
Take determinant and 2 kinds of patterns of banded configuration, determinant line-spacing 3m, spacing in the rows 1m; Banded configuration, 2 behaviors, 1 band is with apart from 3m line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m;
Irrigate
Irrigation method adopts drip irrigation, should adopt compensation drip irrigation emitter, 1 water dropper of every strain tree, flow 3.0-4.0kg/h.
Described method can be carried out the inoculation work of saline cistanche after host Lin Jianshe finishes, the inoculation specific requirement of saline cistanche is:
Inoculating process
Take ditch kind and cave (hole) to plant to combine mode, ditch kind mode is taked in the landform flat region, and the local big location that rises and falls (gradient＞10 °) adopt cave kind mode; Ditch kind inoculating process flow process is: pour water, ditching, sow seeds, rake, earthing one deck, fertilising, earthing, having peace of mind and pour water again.Detailed process is: water at the bottom of sucker is with in plan inoculation at first, adopt machinery or hand excavation's mode then, and locate trench digging apart from about the host 20-30cm, be completely cured in forest belt one side, about furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 55-60cm; Determinant is configured in side excavation (being seeded in opposite side for the second time), and band shape is configured in the both sides excavation.Ditching is inoculated after finishing, and the mode of sowing seeds, the average 300-400 grain/m of the amount of sowing seeds are adopted in inoculation, evenly sow along bottom of trench, adopt after finishing that special rake is positive and negative respectively to be hugged 1 time, require about rake degree of depth 5cm, earthing 5-10cm then, the barnyard manure that spreads fertilizer over the fields diammonium phosphate thereon or become thoroughly decomposed again, diammonium phosphate 15-20g/m, barnyard manure 1kg/m, rake evenly the back earthing to Horizon, having peace of mind, last, pour water one time, it is inferior that irrigation quantity is not less than the 30kg/ strain.Drip irrigation pipe should be moved on the plantation ditch by root after inoculation is finished, and fasten, guarantee the uniformity that the inoculation band is poured water with the U type.Cave kind inoculation technique mode is basic identical with the ditch kind, and just excavation is the center to post, and length is the rectangle hole inoculation of 50cm, and is even up and down, and integral body is the discontinuous shape of 1m at interval in the forest belt, and other technical measures are identical.
When sowing seeds, the very few rate of vaccination of the amount of sowing seeds descends, and too highly then causes waste that cost is increased.At the sport technique segment of sowing seeds, take the to limit the quantity of mode of control is unit of account according to actual measurement thousand kernel weight with 50m or 100m promptly, calculates consumption kind of weight and sowing, and in work progress, revise with the basis of calculation at any time, control layer by layer can reach the target of overall control.
Inoculation time
Divide 2 kinds of patterns: the one, in host's sacsaoul plantation inoculation then, should finish at seedling growth, inoculate again after surviving.Generally after June, all can carry out before going into the winter.The 2nd, in host's inoculation later in 1 year of afforesting, whole growth season all can be inoculated.
Described method is managed and protected the forest land and the major technique content of gathering is:
Pour water
Irrigation water management requires to pour water once in back 3 days in inoculation, and should pour water as early as possible once before sacsaoul is sprouted early spring, and irrigating water quota is 30kg/ strain time; Other is poured water and should formulate according to the local climate condition, to satisfy sacsaoul normal growth needs in principle, to give full play to the drip irrigation advantage simultaneously, control irrigating water quota (it is inferior generally to be no more than the 20kg/ strain), shorten irrigation frequency (generally being no more than 20), guarantee that soil moisture content reaches effective water content ranges (3-5%, percentage by weight) in the 30-100cm soil depth, the wettable layer degree of depth is about 200cm.To induce, to control main Root Distribution, guarantee high rate of vaccination in the plan seed layer.
Irrigation water management, at first should pay attention to especially postvaccinal before the bimester irrigation water management, guarantee that soil moisture content reaches effective water content ranges in the 1m soil depth; Long-period of management will guarantee that the drip irrigation wettable layer reaches 2m.Secondly, the each irrigating water quota of strict control, hypervolia makes main root zone move down easily and reduces rate of vaccination, and the water yield is very few, causes the soil salification to influence the growth of sacsaoul again easily.
Fertilising
Fertilising afforestation treat then nursery stock stable survive enter vegetative period after, imposing 2-3 quick-acting fertilizer (urea) 5-9 month as the case may be, fertilizing amount is that the 10g/ strain is inferior.Timely capacity is wanted in fertilising, because the host has inoculated a large amount of saline cistanches, expend its a large amount of nutrient, thus to guarantee fertilizing management, otherwise not only can weaken the growing way of host's sacsaoul, and more can reduce the individual plant weight of saline cistanche, reduce yield and quality.
The control of sick worm pika evil
The control of sick worm pika evil also is one of focus, because forest land area is concentrated relatively, occurs disease or insect pest easily, mainly contains sacsaoul powdery mildew, aphid, spring looper, beet webworm, stinkbug etc.While is also very easily attracted rabbit, mouse is caused damage to nursery stock and drip irrigation equipment.So want active prevention, to adhere to putting prevention first, the principle that control is laid equal stress on is set up long-term epidemic monitoring archives.
Main preventive measure: rationally pour water, apply fertilizer, keep higher growth potential.In time prune, intermediate cutting, keep reasonable stand density, prevent overstockedly, should suitably control irrigation quantity autumn.Especially note controlling pika evil at the saline cistanche seed stage, prevent to eat steathily cistanche deserticola seed and saline cistanche and influence rate of vaccination, quality and yield, take the fence mode in case of necessity.
Main prophylactico-therapeutic measures: plant pest is mainly taked the method for chemical control, adheres to the principle of early finding, early administering, use in good time.Mouse, rabbit evil can be taked the measure that machinery catches and kills or adopt the medicine control of safety, environmental protection.For natural sex, nonstaining property, the high-quality product that guarantees saline cistanche, in management process,, should control for measures such as chemical control, dispensings, take the measure of physical property prevention technique as far as possible.For decomposition in distress, the easy medicine product of the residue of contaminated soil, firmly forbid.
Gathering of saline cistanche
Gather and to divide spring and two periods of autumn.Gather spring, generally begins to appear by the end of March in southern Xinjiang, to finishing substantially by the end of April.The North SinKiang and the Inner Mongol generally are the first tenday period of a month in mid or late April to May.Excavate to do sth. in advance as far as possible, should before saline cistanche blooms, gather.Excavate and to take manual type, dig out backfill having peace of mind at once behind the saline cistanche.After excavating and finish, the forest land should in time pour water one time.
Excavating autumn is this period before extremely freezing greatly after sacsaoul stops growing substantially, and saline cistanche water content at this moment is few, the quality height, but owing to do not appear, comparatively take a lot of work when manually excavating.
The method of the invention was inoculated before June then, and a small amount of output is promptly arranged 1 year spring, reached high yield on the 3rd year, kept high yield in the 4th year and the 5th year, and is remarkable since the output underproduction in the 6th year, renewed vaccination as the case may be.Inoculate after June then, have no harvest 1 year spring substantially, and the 3rd year high yield kept high yield in the 4th year and the 5th year, and be remarkable since the output underproduction in the 6th year, renewed vaccination as the case may be.
Banded configuration mode, in the inoculation in spring then of afforesting, per mu yield is about 90-140kg, and in afforestation inoculation later in 1 year, per mu yield is generally more than 150kg; The determinant configuration mode, in the inoculation in spring then of afforesting, per mu yield is about 70-110kg, and in afforestation inoculation later in 1 year, per mu yield is generally more than 120kg.Described technology mode, in the forest land that needs renewed vaccination, for determinant configuration, can be in the inoculation of forest belt opposite side, inoculation technique is identical, but requires the irrigate band is also moved to this side; For band shape configuration, can be in the original place multiple cropping.
The method of artificially planting cistanche deserticola by saline water drip irrigation technology of the present invention, this method are to utilize the peculiar advantage of drip irrigation technique, fully develop arid biogeographic zone salt water resource, and adopt effective engineering means to increase the saline cistanche rate of vaccination.The drip irrigation technique advantage shows: 1. can planned, effectively control ground moistening layer depth and soil fertility, utilize root system of plant become water, fertile characteristic becomes, reaching and induce, control the host---the main Root Distribution floor of sacsaoul concentrates on the purpose in plan inoculation district (floor), thereby improves the probability of cistanche deserticola seed and sacsaoul root system joint greatly; 2. pour water facility, evenly.Can realize the appropriateness of the living host plant sacsaoul of super non-irrigated living salt is irritated frequently, the irrigation regime of the science of setting up of suiting measures to local conditions makes soil remain low matrix tension force, reduces, controls the soil salt accumulation of main Root Distribution layer.This also is to realize that salinity is up to 30gL
-1The irrigation with saline water inoculating cistanche salsa can high yield basic reason.Facts have proved that high salinity irrigation with saline water sacsaoul inoculation Desert Herba Cistanches depends on host self salt resistance ability, to not directly influence of saline cistanche growth itself.Effective engineering means that can increase the saline cistanche rate of vaccination comprise: be completely cured, rake, fertilising.Being completely cured is intended to sacsaoul root system in the kerf, promotes a large amount of sproutings of new root system; On uniformity, the especially vertical direction that rake has guaranteed to sow seeds; Fertilising is in order to induce the sacsaoul root system to extend to the district that sows seeds.These technical measures can both effectively improve rate of vaccination.Long-term test shows that present technique pattern rate of vaccination can reach more than 150%, and promptly every strain sacsaoul can be inoculated the saline cistanche more than 1.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is determinant configuration inoculation schematic diagram of the present invention, and wherein 1. host woodss (sacsaoul) are 2. planted for the first time ditch, 3. multiple cropping plantation ditch.
Fig. 2 is the banded configuration inoculation of the present invention schematic diagram, and wherein 1. host woodss (sacsaoul) are 2. planted for the first time ditch.
Fig. 3 is the cave-shaped configuration inoculation of the present invention schematic diagram, wherein 1. host woodss (sacsaoul), 4. kind of plant hole.
Fig. 4 is an inoculating process schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein: 5. cistanche deserticola seed, 6. rake layer, 7. ground floor overburden layer, 8. fertilizer, 9. overburden layer, 10. drip irrigation pipe for the second time.
Embodiment
The present invention is being located in the tower on Takla Makan Desert innerland in southern Xinjiang basin the area and Tarim Desert Highway is done correlation test along the line and large-scale production is put into practice from 2004-2009 always; caused at present the attention of peripheral Qiemo County and Hotan Prefecture, and beginning is promoted progressively.Main successful example has:
Saline cistanche experiment and demonstration base first stage of the project in embodiment 1, the tower
Oil field in tower is a mobile sand all, the salinity of pouring water 4.2gL
-1, area 72hm
2(Chinese tamarisk 48hm wherein
2), built the sacsaoul woods in spring in 2004, adopt conventional drip irrigation appliance, according to the belt pattern configuration, 2 behaviors, 1 band, band are apart from 3m, and line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m, drip irrigation appliance are that every strain sacsaoul root is settled 1 drip irrigation emitter, flow 3.0kg/h;
Landform is smooth, the local relief gradient is less than 10 ° zone, the trench digging inoculation, ditching, blocking the sacsaoul root apart from host's sacsaoul woods 20cm place according to forest belt one side, furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 55cm evenly sows cistanche deserticola seed along bottom of trench then, and seeding quantity is 300/m, adopt positive and negative respectively the hugging 1 time of rake rake, rake degree of depth 3cm, earthing 5cm executes diammonium phosphate 15g/m then, the even back of rake earthing is to Horizon, after inoculation is finished drip irrigation pipe is moved on the plantation ditch by root, and fasten, finish inoculation work in then July with the U type;
The forest land is managed and protected: drip irrigation is poured water once in back 3 days of inoculation, pour water as early as possible once early spring before sacsaoul is sprouted, it is inferior that dripping irrigation water is the 30kg/ strain by norm, later irrigating water quota control 20kg/ strain is inferior, be 15 days irrigation frequency, soil moisture content reaches effective water content ranges percentage by weight 3% in the soil depth 30cm, and the wettable layer degree of depth is 200cm;
Fertilizing management: afforestation treat then nursery stock stable survive enter vegetative period after, impose quick-acting fertilizer urea 3 times, annually later on impose 2-3 time in the 6-8 month, it is inferior that fertilizing amount is the 10g/ strain;
Gather according to a conventional method, average yield per mu reaches 140kg, and high yield has kept 3 years, has entered the multiple cropping stage at present.
Saline cistanche experiment and demonstration base the second stage of the project in embodiment 2, the tower
Oil field in tower is a mobile sand all, the salinity of pouring water 15.gL
-1, area 147hm
2(Chinese tamarisk 49hm wherein
2), built up the sacsaoul woods in 2006, adopt conventional drip irrigation appliance, according in the ranks building with banded mixed mode configuration, wherein the line-spacing of determinant is 3m, spacing in the rows is 1m; Banded configuration, 2 behaviors, 1 band, band are apart from 3m, and line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m, drip irrigation appliance are that every strain sacsaoul root is settled 1 drip irrigation emitter, flow 3.5kg/h;
Landform is smooth, the local relief gradient is less than 10 ° zone, the trench digging inoculation, ditching, blocking the sacsaoul root apart from host's sacsaoul woods 30cm place according to forest belt one side, furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 60cm evenly sows cistanche deserticola seed along bottom of trench then, and seeding quantity is 400/m, adopt positive and negative respectively the hugging 1 time of rake rake, rake degree of depth 8cm, earthing 10cm executes the barnyard manure 1kg/m that becomes thoroughly decomposed then, the even back of rake earthing is to Horizon, after inoculation is finished drip irrigation pipe is moved on the plantation ditch by root, and fasten, finished inoculation work 1 year June in spring with the U type;
The forest land is managed and protected: drip irrigation is poured water once in back 3 days of inoculation, pour water as early as possible once early spring before sacsaoul is sprouted, it is inferior that dripping irrigation water is the 30kg/ strain by norm, later irrigating water quota control 20kg/ strain is inferior, be 20 days irrigation frequency, soil moisture content reaches effective water content ranges percentage by weight 5% in the soil depth 100cm, and the wettable layer degree of depth is 200cm;
Fertilizing management: afforestation treat then nursery stock stable survive enter vegetative period after, imposing quick-acting fertilizer urea 5-9 month 3 times, annually later on impose 2-3 time in the 6-8 month, it is inferior that fertilizing amount is the 10g/ strain;
Gather according to a conventional method, average yield per mu at present reaches 120kg.
More than two demonstration base Desert Herba Cistanches output reached (fresh weight) more than 165 tons in continuous 3 years.
Near Xiao pool solar energy experimental power station protection forest land embodiment 3, the Tarim Desert Highway K118
All be tall and big mobile longitudinal dune, the salinity of pouring water 30gL
-1Salt water, area 5hm
2, the sacsaoul woods was built in 2002, handed in the ranks mixing, and wherein the line-spacing of determinant is 3m, and spacing in the rows is 1m, and drip irrigation appliance is that every strain sacsaoul root is settled 1 drip irrigation emitter, flow 4.0kg/h;
In inoculation spring in 2004, the cave inoculation is dug in the local big 10 °＜gradient in location that rises and falls of landform＜20 ° of employings, cheats the long 50cm that is, wide 20-30cm, unanimous between the higher and lower levels, evenly sow cistanche deserticola seed along bottom of trench then, seeding quantity is 300/cave, adopts positive and negative respectively the hugging 1 time of rake rake, rake degree of depth 5cm, earthing 8cm, execute diammonium phosphate 20g/m then, rake evenly back earthing moves to drip irrigation pipe on the plantation ditch by root after inoculation is finished to Horizon, and fasten with the U type, rate of vaccination reaches 90%;
The forest land is managed and protected: drip irrigation is poured water once in back 3 days of inoculation, pour water as early as possible once early spring before sacsaoul is sprouted, it is inferior that dripping irrigation water is the 30kg/ strain by norm, later irrigating water quota control 20kg/ strain is inferior, be 18 days irrigation frequency, soil moisture content reaches effective water content ranges percentage by weight 4% in the soil depth 60cm, and the wettable layer degree of depth is 200cm;
Fertilizing management: afforestation treat then nursery stock stable survive enter vegetative period after, imposing quick-acting fertilizer urea 5-9 month 3 times, annually later on impose 2-3 time in the 6-8 month, it is inferior that fertilizing amount is the 10g/ strain;
Gather continuous 3 years stable yields according to a conventional method.
More than test, practical result prove absolutely that the present invention has huge application, promotional value; the Qiemo County and the Minfeng County that are positioned at Takla Makan Desert south edge have at present begun large tracts of land construction sacsaoul shelter forest, utilize this method to carry out the exploitation of extensive Desert Herba Cistanches industry.
Claims (4)
1. the method for an artificially planting cistanche deserticola by saline water drip irrigation technology is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
The construction of a, sacsaoul woods: utilize salinity to be 4-30gL
-1Salt water, adopt conventional drip irrigation appliance, build according to determinant or banded configuration mode, wherein the line-spacing of determinant is 3m, spacing in the rows is 1m; Banded configuration, 2 behaviors, 1 band is with apart from 3m line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 1m;
The inoculation of b, saline cistanche: smooth for landform, the local relief gradient adopts the trench digging inoculation less than 10 ° zone, is ditching apart from host's sacsaoul woods 20-30cm place, is blocking the sacsaoul root, furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 55-60cm according to forest belt one side; The cave inoculation is dug in the local big location 20 ° of employings of 10 ° of ∠ gradients ∠ that rise and fall for landform, and hole length is 50cm, and wide 20-30cm is unanimous between the higher and lower levels; After ditch or cave scrape out, evenly sow cistanche deserticola seed along bottom of trench, adopt the rake rake, rake degree of depth 3-8cm, earthing 5-10cm, the barnyard manure 1kg/m that executes diammonium phosphate 15-20g/m then or become thoroughly decomposed, the even back of rake earthing is to Horizon, after inoculation is finished drip irrigation pipe is moved on the plantation ditch by root, and fasten with the U type;
C, forest land are managed and protected: drip irrigation is poured water once in back 3 days of inoculation, should pour water as early as possible once before sacsaoul is sprouted early spring, it is inferior that dripping irrigation water is the 30kg/ strain by norm, later irrigating water quota control 20kg/ strain is inferior, be 15-20 days irrigation frequency, soil moisture content reaches effective water content ranges percentage by weight 3-5% in the soil depth 30-100cm, and the wettable layer degree of depth is 200cm;
D, fertilizing management: afforestation treat then nursery stock stable survive enter vegetative period after, imposing quick-acting fertilizer urea 5-9 month 3 times, annually later on impose 2-3 time in the 6-8 month, it is inferior that fertilizing amount is the 10g/ strain;
E, gather according to a conventional method.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step a drip irrigation appliance is that every strain sacsaoul root is settled 1 drip irrigation emitter, flow 3.0-4.0kg/h.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step b seeding quantity is 300-450 grain/m.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step b adopts that rake is positive and negative respectively to be hugged 1 time.
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