CN101767153B - 一种复合成形模具 - Google Patents
一种复合成形模具 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101767153B CN101767153B CN2010101153006A CN201010115300A CN101767153B CN 101767153 B CN101767153 B CN 101767153B CN 2010101153006 A CN2010101153006 A CN 2010101153006A CN 201010115300 A CN201010115300 A CN 201010115300A CN 101767153 B CN101767153 B CN 101767153B
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Abstract
一种复合成形模具，属于金属材料塑性成形模具，用于大厚差金属板材正向、反向拉深成形。解决现有金属板材冲压复合成形模具结构复杂、成形条件苛刻、模具本身加工、装配、调试成本高，零件加工效率低以及可成形零件形状单一的问题。本发明包括凸凹模、凸凹模固定板、内滑块上模板、压边圈、外滑块上模板、可动凹模、弹簧套、限位弹簧、固定凹模、下凸模、定位圈和下模板；所述外滑块上模板和下模板通过四根导柱导套连接，导柱和导套滑动配合。本发明有效降低模具制造成本，结构简单，装拆方便，加工成本低，成形产品效率高，安装于普通双动拉深压力机上，可以实现一定直径且存在厚度差的板材坯料的正、反向拉深成形，获得双层筒形结构零件。
Description
一种复合成形模具
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于金属材料塑性成形模具，特别涉及一种复合成形模具，用于大厚差金属板材正向、反向拉深成形。
背景技术
[0002] 目前许多具有大表面积且存在壁厚差空腔零部件，如电子产品的壳体类零件和汽车驱动部分的中空齿形件和复杂盘类件等，其通常的加工方法，或者是整体铸造；或者是采用温/热锻后切削的加工方法；或者是薄壁部与较厚部分通过焊接组合并热处理等的多工序方式来制造。这样不仅整体性能有所下降，成本及能耗也较高，而且工序多，导致效率较低，不符合节能与绿色制造的社会发展趋势。
[0003] 专利号200520008072. 7的“复合式模具”实用新型专利包括外模和内模，其中，外模由平面外模和曲面外模组成，外模为硬模，内模为软模，内模贴在外模的平面外模和曲面外模的内壁上，在内模与外模之间设有绳，绳的一端与内模固定在一起，绳的另一端与外模固定在一起，在外模的外壁设有支架，该模具只能用于生产制造采用树脂为原料的产品。专利号2008101623¾. 0的“热锻复合模具制造方法和热锻复合模具”发明专利属于热态下金属体积成形，利用外模包内模的镶块式结构，防止内模开裂，提高模具使用寿命，该模具仅用于高温条件下锻造模具的防护；专利号200810015725. 2的“一种二次拉深复合模具”发明专利将落料、一次正向拉深、二次正向拉深、切料四个动作用一套模具完成，解决了传统铝制瓶盖需要多次拉深的问题。该模具仅能成形小尺寸（比如酒瓶盖）深度浅的回转体金属零件；专利号200810147633. X的“翻边冲孔双动复合模”发明专利利用斜楔导轨结构将翻边工序及冲孔工序的复合到一套模具中，实现了翻边和冲孔的一次成型；该模具由于采用了较多的导轨机构，存在装配、调试复杂的问题，而且仅能完成翻边冲孔工艺。专利号 200720112167. 2的“浮动式模具结构”实用新型专利采用双动式凸模结构，由弹簧装置先推动外上模下压，之后再由底座推动外上模和内上模同时下压，用于粉末材料的压实成型，解决了粉末材料压实成形密度分布不均勻的问题；该模具本质上是将原本一体凸模分成两部分，利用弹簧实现先后运动，仅用于粉末材料的压实成形。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明提供一种复合成形模具，解决现有金属板材冲压复合成形模具结构复杂 (正、反拉深通常需要几套模具才能完成）、成形条件苛刻、模具本身加工、装配、调试成本高，零件加工效率低以及可成形零件形状单一的问题。
[0005] 本发明的一种复合成形模具，包括凸凹模、凸凹模固定板、内滑块上模板、压边圈、 外滑块上模板、可动凹模、弹簧套、限位弹簧、固定凹模、下凸模、定位圈和下模板；所述外滑块上模板和下模板通过四根导柱导套连接，导柱和导套滑动配合；其特征在于：
[0006] 所述凸凹模为圆筒形，与凸凹模固定板通过螺钉连接，凸凹模固定板与内滑块上模板通过螺钉连接；压边圈套在凸凹模上，与外滑块上模板通过螺钉连接；[0007] 工作时，所述内滑块上模板通过螺钉与压力机内滑块连接，外滑块上模板通过螺钉与压力机外滑块连接；
[0008] 所述固定凹模位于下模板上，与所述凸凹模同轴，固定凹模为圆筒形，其内孔孔径与所述凸凹模孔径相同；定位圈位于下模板的中心阶梯孔和固定凹模底端台阶孔内，将固定凹模定位；下凸模位于下模板的中心阶梯孔、固定凹模内孔以及凸凹模内孔构成的空间内；弹簧套套于固定凹模外并通过螺钉固定于下模板上，弹簧套内部放有均勻分布的限位弹簧；可动凹模位于弹簧套内，套于凸凹模和固定凹模之外，可动凹模为圆筒形，其底端筒壁具有环形凹槽，限位弹簧嵌入环形凹槽；
[0009] 弹簧套上边缘设置均勻分布的压板，对可动凹模限位；
[0010] 工作时，下模板通过螺钉与压力机工作台连接，下凸模和压力机的连接杆通过螺纹连接。
[0011] 本发明采用了可动凹模及限位弹簧结构，可以实现正向、反向复合拉深，而且，在以获得内层筒形结构为目的的反向拉深工序中，通过压边部分的向下运动，可使外层筒壁金属主动流入内层，也即实现反向强力拉深，可大大提高内层筒壁的成形能力。由于采用了限位弹簧的结构，使得正向和反向强力拉深可以使用共同的可动凹模、弹簧套等装置，有效降低了模具制造成本，结构简单，装拆方便，加工成本低，成形产品效率高，安装于普通双动拉深压力机上，可以实现一定直径且存在厚度差的板材坯料的正、反向拉深成形，获得双层筒形结构零件。
附图说明
[0012] 图1为本发明模具主体结构示意图；
[0013] 图2为本发明在双动成形压力机上安装示意图。
具体实施方式
[0014] 如图1、图2所示，本发明的一种复合成形模具，包括凸凹模7、凸凹模固定板5、内滑块上模板3、压边圈8、外滑块上模板10、可动凹模11、弹簧套14、限位弹簧15、固定凹模 16、下凸模18、定位圈19和下模板20 ；外滑块上模板10和下模板20通过四根导柱导套22 连接，导柱和导套滑动配合；其特征在于：
[0015] 凸凹模7为圆筒形，与凸凹模固定板5通过螺钉连接，凸凹模固定板5与内滑块上模板3通过螺钉连接；压边圈8套在凸凹模7上，与外滑块上模板10通过螺钉连接；
[0016] 工作时，内滑块上模板3通过螺钉与压力机内滑块4连接，外滑块上模板10通过螺钉与压力机外滑块1连接；
[0017] 固定凹模16位于下模板20上，与所述凸凹模7同轴，固定凹模16为圆筒形，其内孔孔径与所述凸凹模7孔径相同；定位圈19位于下模板20的中心阶梯孔和固定凹模底端台阶孔内，将固定凹模定位；下凸模18位于下模板20的中心阶梯孔、固定凹模内孔以及凸凹模内孔构成的空间内；弹簧套14套于固定凹模16外并通过螺钉固定于下模板20上，弹簧套14内部放有均勻分布的8个限位弹簧15 ；可动凹模11位于弹簧套14内，套于凸凹模 7和固定凹模16之外，可动凹模11为圆筒形，其底端筒壁具有环形凹槽，限位弹簧15嵌入环形凹槽；[0018] 弹簧套14上边缘设置均勻分布的10个压板12，对可动凹模11限位；
[0019] 工作时，下模板20通过螺钉与压力机工作台21连接，下凸模18和压力机的连接杆17通过螺纹连接。
[0020] 本发明的工作过程为：
[0021 ] 第一步：正向拉深工序，凸凹模7和可动凹模11处于分离状态时，压边圈8处于上限位置，下凸模18处于下限位置，将板材坯料置于可动凹模11上端面内孔的限位台阶上， 首先双动液压机外滑块1下行通过外滑块上模板10推动压边圈8下行，使坯料被压紧在可动凹模11上，然后双动液压机内滑块4下行带动凸凹模7下行，完成正向拉深； [0022] 第二步：反向强力拉深工序，紧接着前面的正向拉深，双动液压机顶出缸上行，通过连接杆17推动下凸模18上行，同时外滑块1继续下行压迫可动凹模11向下运动，两者共同作用完成坯料反向强力拉深成形，得到双层圆筒件，继而内滑块4、外滑块1依次返程至上限位置，最后顶出缸再次上行，通过连接杆17推动下凸模18上行，将双层圆筒件顶出； 至此为一个完整的工作循环。
Claims (1)
1. 一种复合成形模具，包括凸凹模（7)、凸凹模固定板（5)、内滑块上模板（3)、压边圈 (8)、外滑块上模板（10)、可动凹模（11)、弹簧套(14)、限位弹簧(15)、固定凹模（16)、下凸模（18)、定位圈（19)和下模板00)；所述外滑块上模板（10)和下模板00)通过四根导柱导套02)连接，导柱和导套滑动配合；其特征在于：所述凸凹模（7)为圆筒形，与凸凹模固定板（5)通过螺钉连接，凸凹模固定板（5)与内滑块上模板C3)通过螺钉连接；压边圈（8)套在凸凹模（7)上，与外滑块上模板（10)通过螺钉连接；工作时，所述内滑块上模板C3)通过螺钉与压力机内滑块（4)连接，外滑块上模板（10) 通过螺钉与压力机外滑块（1)连接；所述固定凹模（16)位于下模板OO)上，与所述凸凹模（7)同轴，固定凹模（16)为圆筒形，其内孔孔径与所述凸凹模（7)孔径相同；定位圈（19)位于下模板OO)的中心阶梯孔和固定凹模底端台阶孔内，将固定凹模定位；下凸模（18)位于下模板OO)的中心阶梯孔、 固定凹模内孔以及凸凹模内孔构成的空间内；弹簧套（14)套于固定凹模（16)外并通过螺钉固定于下模板OO)上，弹簧套（14)内部放有均勻分布的限位弹簧（1¾ ；可动凹模（11) 位于弹簧套（14)内，套于凸凹模（7)和固定凹模（16)之外，可动凹模（11)为圆筒形，其底端筒壁具有环形凹槽，限位弹簧（1¾嵌入环形凹槽；弹簧套（14)上边缘设置均勻分布的压板（12)，对可动凹模（11)限位； 工作时，下模板OO)通过螺钉与压力机工作台连接，下凸模（18)和压力机的连接杆（17)通过螺纹连接。
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| CN102371309B (zh) * | 2010-08-26 | 2013-07-31 | 哈尔滨建成集团有限公司 | 一种具有内凹侧壁的浅锥形件拉深成型复合模具 |
| CN102397942B (zh) * | 2010-09-15 | 2014-04-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 模拟冲压件连续冲压成形特征的复合模具 |
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| CN102366796A (zh) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-03-07 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | 一种限位回程导向一体式结构 |
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| CN103801611A (zh) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-21 | 马鞍山市蓝华机械制造有限公司 | 拉深材料增厚工艺 |
| CN104001810B (zh) * | 2014-06-12 | 2017-01-11 | 旷太明 | 连接片冲压模具 |
| CN105215196B (zh) * | 2015-11-12 | 2018-05-11 | 张家港市邦威金属制品有限公司 | 一种羽子板的成型模具 |
| CN106734486B (zh) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-12-18 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种双向拉伸的航空钣金件冲压成形方法及其模具 |
| CN110681813B (zh) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-02-23 | 贵州航天新力铸锻有限责任公司 | 一种法兰板锻冲挤反镦复合成型的模具及方法 |
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