CN101746248A - 混合动力车辆的传动系 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆的传动系 Download PDF

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CN101746248A
CN101746248A CN200910225224A CN200910225224A CN101746248A CN 101746248 A CN101746248 A CN 101746248A CN 200910225224 A CN200910225224 A CN 200910225224A CN 200910225224 A CN200910225224 A CN 200910225224A CN 101746248 A CN101746248 A CN 101746248A
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power
electrical motor
clutch
motor
transfer clutch
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CN101746248B (zh
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金敬夏
金连镐
金完洙
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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Abstract

根据本发明，由于电动机的转子轴可以与变速器的输入轴连接/断开，所以有可能减小或阻止电动机和变速器之间的振动和噪声，从而改善电动机的耐用性并实现平顺换档。此外，当用直接与变速器的输入轴连接的发动机来驱动车辆时，有可能容易地实现通过电动机驱动辅助控制和再生制动控制，从而获得防噪声和防振动的良好性能。

Description

混合动力车辆的传动系
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于2008年12月2日提交的韩国申请第10-2008-0121362号，并要求其优先权，据此通过引用将该韩国申请的公开内容全部结合在本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合动力车辆的传动系，该传动系可以改善其电动机的耐用性并实现平顺换档。
背景技术
包括发动机、电动机和变速器的用于车辆中的混合动力传动系通过变速器将电动机的动力和发动机的动力传送给驱动轮。典型地，它被配置成使得电动机的转子直接连接于变速器的输入轴，并且发动机的动力经由扭振减振器和发动机离合器传送给变速器的输入轴。
例如，如图1所示，发动机离合器502安装在电动机的转子500内部，以便通过连接/断开操作将通过与变速器输入轴504同轴串联布置的前轴506上所装配的扭振减振器508输入的发动机动力传送给变速器输入轴504。此外，电动机的转子500可以始终向变速器输入轴504传送动力，因为转子轴510被锁紧到发动机离合器502的离合器保持架512上。
然而，上述传动系具有缺陷。例如，电动机和/或发动机的振动全都传送给了变速器。并且，当发生换档并且所需要的扭矩在减速后的再加速中产生改变时，难以控制相应的振动和实现平顺换档。此外，来自驱动轮的冲击或换档冲击完全传送给了电动机，使得电动机的耐用性恶化。此外，当用直接与变速器输入轴504连接的发动机来驱动车辆时，利用电动机驱动辅助控制和再生制动控制很困难，使得难以确保良好的防噪和防振性能。
本背景技术部分公开的以上信息只是为了增强对本发明的背景的理解，并且因此其可能包含不形成在本国对于本领域普通技术人员来说已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种混合动力车辆的传动系，该传动系使得有可能减小或阻止电动机和变速器之间的振动和噪声，从而通过具有电动机的转子轴可以与变速器的输入轴连接/断开的配置来改善电动机的耐用性并实现平顺换档。另外，当用直接与变速器的输入轴连接的发动机来驱动车辆时，有可能容易地实现通过电动机驱动辅助控制和再生制动控制，从而获得防噪声和防振动的良好性能。
根据一实施例的混合动力车辆的传动系包括：内燃发动机；用电能驱动的电动机；选择性地将发动机的动力传送给变速器输入轴的第一离合器；以及选择性地将电动机的动力传送给变速器输入轴的第二离合器。
该传动系可以配置成使得第一离合器径向布置在电动机的转子内部，并且直径大于第一离合器的第二离合器径向布置在电动机的转子内部。
该传动系可以配置成使得前轴被同轴地串联布置在变速器输入轴的前端处，前轴设置有与发动机连接的扭振减振器，第一离合器包括连接于前轴的毂、连接于变速器输入轴的保持架以及布置在毂和保持架之间的多个离合器片和离合器盘。第二离合器包括保持架、电动机的转子轴以及布置在保持架和电动机的转子轴之间的多个离合器片和离合器盘。
该传动系可以配置成使得电动机的转子轴的内圆周由前轴的外侧通过第一轴承支撑，外圆周由变速箱通过第二轴承支撑，并且第一轴承和第二轴承布置在电动机的转子的内圆周内部，同时沿前轴的径向彼此重叠。
该传动系可以配置成使得电动机速度传感器布置在电动机的转子轴和变速箱之间，并且电动机速度传感器布置在转子的内圆周内部。
根据另一实施例，混合动力车辆的传动系包括：通过连接于发动机曲轴的发动机轴与一离合器连接的发动机；利用电能工作并连接于另一离合器的电动机；以及变速器，其输入轴与离合器连接以接收发动机和电动机的驱动力，其中离合器中的一个或多个被布置在电动机的内圆周内部，并且离合器共享包括在各离合器中的部件的一部分。
该传动系可配置成使得扭振减振器布置在发动机和离合器之间。
根据又一实施例，混合动力车辆的传动系包括：通过连接于发动机曲轴的发动机轴与一离合器连接的发动机；利用电能工作并连接于另一离合器的电动机；变速器，其输入轴与离合器连接以接收发动机和电动机的驱动力；以及检测电动机的速度的电动机速度传感器，其中离合器中的至少一个或多个在电动机的内圆周内部彼此重叠。
该传动系可以配置成使得电动机速度传感器被布置成与电动机的外圆周相比更靠近离合器。
根据另一实施例，混合动力车辆的传动系包括：通过连接于发动机曲轴的发动机轴与一离合器连接的发动机；电动机，其利用电能工作，由轴承支撑并连接于另一离合器；以及变速器，其输入轴与离合器连接以接收发动机和电动机的驱动力，其中离合器中的至少一个或多个在电动机的内圆周内部彼此重叠。
该传动系可以配置成使得轴承被布置成与电动机相比更靠近变速器的输入轴。
根据又一实施例，混合动力车辆的传动系包括：通过连接于发动机曲轴的发动机轴与一离合器连接的发动机；利用电能工作并连接于另一离合器的电动机；通过输入轴接收发动机和电动机的驱动力的变速器；以及离合器保持架，其一部分被包括在连接电动机与变速器的离合器中，该离合器保持架的一侧由轴承支撑，并且外圆周朝向外圆周支撑电动机，其中离合器中的至少一个或多个在电动机的内圆周内部彼此重叠。
该传动系可以配置成使得离合器保持架布置在电动机的内圆周内部，并且被布置成与连接/断开发动机与变速器的离合器相比更靠近电动机。
根据这些实施例，由于电动机的转子轴可以与变速器的输入轴连接/断开，所以有可能减小或阻止电动机和变速器之间的振动和噪声，从而改善电动机的耐用性并实现平顺换档。此外，当用直接与变速器的输入轴连接的发动机来驱动车辆时，有可能容易地实现通过电动机驱动辅助控制和再生制动控制，从而获得防噪声和防振动的良好性能。
应当理解的是，本文中使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或其它类似术语包括一般的机动车辆(诸如包括运动型多功能车(SUV)、公共汽车、卡车、各种商用车辆在内的客车)、包括各种艇和船在内的水运工具、飞行器等，并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、插电式混合电动车、氢动力车以及其它代用燃料车(例如从除石油以外的资源中取得的燃料)。如本文中所述，混合动力车辆是具有两个或更多个动力源的车辆，例如既有汽油动力又有电动力的车辆。
在结合在本说明书中并形成本说明书的一部分的附图以及与附图一起用于通过举例来解释本发明原理的以下详细说明中，将体现出或更详细地阐述本发明的以上特征和优点。
附图说明
为了更好地理解本发明的本质和目的，应该参照下面的详细描述以及附图，其中：
图1是示出混合动力车辆的常规传动系的结构的视图；
图2是示出根据本发明实施例的混合动力车辆的传动系的结构的详细横剖面视图；并且
图3是示出根据本发明实施例的混合动力车辆的传动系的结构的概念图。
具体实施方式
参照图2和3，根据本发明的实施例的混合动力车辆的传动系包括：内燃发动机1；用电能驱动的电动机3；选择性地将发动机1的动力传送给变速器输入轴5的第一离合器7；以及选择性地将电动机3的动力传送给变速器输入轴5的第二离合器9。
第一离合器7径向布置在电动机3的转子11内部。直径大于第一离合器7的第二离合器9径向布置在电动机3的转子11内部。
前轴13同轴地串联布置在变速器输入轴5的前端处。前轴13设置有与发动机1连接的扭振减振器15。第一离合器7包括：连接于前轴13的毂(hub)17；连接于变速器输入轴5的保持架(retainer)19；以及布置在毂17和保持架19之间的多个离合器片和离合器盘。
发动机1通过连接于曲轴的发动机轴31与第一离合器7连接。
第二离合器9包括：保持架19；电动机3的转子轴21；以及布置在保持架19和电动机3的转子轴21之间的多个离合器片和离合器盘。
即，第一离合器7的保持架19也充当第二离合器9的毂。结果，第一离合器7布置在直接连接于变速器输入轴5的保持架19内部，以选择性地将发动机1的动力传送给变速器输入轴5，并且第二离合器9布置在保持架19外部以选择性地将电动机3的动力传送给变速器输入轴5。
在其它实施例中，第一离合器7和第二离合器9之一或者二者都可以布置在电动机3的内圆周的外部。
电动机3的转子轴21的内圆周由前轴13的外侧通过第一轴承23支撑，并且外圆周由变速箱25通过第二轴承27支撑，其中第一轴承23和第二轴承27布置在电动机3的转子的内圆周内部，同时沿前轴13的径向彼此重叠。
除了支撑转子的旋转轴之外，电动机的转子轴21充当构成第二离合器9的一部分的离合器保持架。
电动机速度传感器29可以布置在电动机3的转子轴21和变速箱25之间，并且布置在转子11的内圆周内部。
因此，除了第一离合器7和第二离合器9之外，支撑转子11的转子轴21的第一轴承23和第二轴承27以及电动机速度传感器29可以布置在电动机3的转子11的内圆周内部，使得有可能获得紧凑的结构并减小传动系的整体长度，从而使得更容易将传动系安装到车辆上。
作为参考，可以将第一离合器7和第二离合器9简称为离合器，可以将第一轴承23和第二轴承27简称为轴承，并且可以将电动机的转子轴21称为离合器保持架，因为它也具有离合器的保持架的功能。
根据这些实施例，由于可以通过第二离合器9连接/断开电动机3和变速器输入轴5，所以有可能减小电动机3的振动并将其传送给第二离合器9，或者阻止该振动。此外，当进行换档并且车辆需要的扭矩在减速后的再加速中发生改变时，有可能通过转差控制第一离合器7和第二离合器9来减小由该操作引起的振动，从而确保平顺换档。此外，有可能防止从驱动轮或变速器反向传送来的冲击被传送给电动机3，这有利于改善电动机3的耐用性。
同时，当用直接连接于变速器输入轴5的发动机1来驱动车辆时，有可能在通过电动机3驱动辅助控制或再生制动控制时独立地控制第二离合器9，这使得有可能实现更容易的控制并确保良好的防噪和防振性能。
虽然已经结合当前被认为是实用的示例性实施例的实施例描述了本发明，但应当理解的是，本发明不限于所公开的实施例，相反地，而是意在覆盖所附权利要求的精神和范围内所包括的各种改型和等效配置。

Claims (13)

1.一种混合动力车辆的传动系，包括：
内燃发动机；
用电能驱动的电动机；
选择性地将发动机的动力传送给变速器输入轴的第一离合器；以及
选择性地将所述电动机的动力传送给所述变速器输入轴的第二离合器。
2.如权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆的传动系，其中所述第一离合器径向布置在所述电动机的转子内部，并且
所述第二离合器径向布置在所述电动机的转子内部，所述第二离合器的直径大于所述第一离合器的直径。
3.如权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆的传动系，其中前轴被同轴地串联布置在所述变速器输入轴的前端处，
所述前轴设置有与所述发动机连接的扭振减振器，
所述第一离合器包括连接于所述前轴的毂，连接于所述变速器输入轴的保持架，以及布置在所述毂和所述保持架之间的多个离合器片和离合器盘，并且
所述第二离合器包括所述保持架，所述电动机的转子轴，以及布置在所述保持架和所述电动机的转子轴之间的多个离合器片和离合器盘。
4.如权利要求3所述的混合动力车辆的传动系，其中所述电动机的转子轴的内圆周由所述前轴的外侧通过第一轴承支撑，并且外圆周由变速箱通过第二轴承支撑，并且
所述第一轴承和所述第二轴承布置在所述电动机的转子的内圆周内部，同时沿所述前轴的径向彼此重叠。
5.如权利要求4所述的混合动力车辆的传动系，其中电动机速度传感器布置在所述电动机的转子轴和所述变速箱之间，并且
所述电动机速度传感器布置在所述转子的内圆周内部。
6.一种混合动力车辆的传动系，包括：
通过连接于发动机曲轴的发动机轴与一离合器连接的发动机；
利用电能工作并连接于另一离合器的电动机；以及
变速器，其输入轴与所述离合器连接以接收所述发动机和所述电动机的驱动力，
其中所述离合器中的一个或多个被布置在所述电动机的内圆周内部，并且所述离合器共享包括在各离合器中的部件的一部分。
7.如权利要求6所述的混合动力车辆的传动系，其中扭振减振器布置在所述发动机和所述离合器之间。
8.一种混合动力车辆的传动系，包括：
通过连接于发动机曲轴的发动机轴与一离合器连接的发动机；
利用电能工作并连接于另一离合器的电动机；
变速器，其输入轴与所述离合器连接以接收所述发动机和所述电动机的驱动力；以及
检测所述电动机的速度的电动机速度传感器，
其中所述离合器中的至少一个或多个在所述电动机的内圆周内部彼此重叠。
9.如权利要求8所述的混合动力车辆的传动系，其中所述电动机速度传感器被布置成与所述电动机的外圆周相比更靠近所述离合器。
10.一种混合动力车辆的传动系，包括：
通过连接于发动机曲轴的发动机轴与一离合器连接的发动机；
电动机，其利用电能工作，由轴承支撑并连接于另一离合器；以及
变速器，其输入轴与所述离合器连接以接收所述发动机和所述电动机的驱动力，
其中所述离合器中的至少一个或多个在所述电动机的内圆周内部彼此重叠。
11.如权利要求10所述的混合动力车辆的传动系，其中所述轴承被布置成与所述电动机相比更靠近所述变速器的输入轴。
12.一种混合动力车辆的传动系，包括：
通过连接于发动机曲轴的发动机轴与一离合器连接的发动机；
利用电能工作并连接于另一离合器的电动机；
通过输入轴接收所述发动机和所述电动机的驱动力的变速器；以及
离合器保持架，其一部分被包括在连接所述电动机与所述变速器的离合器中，所述离合器保持架的一侧由轴承支撑，并且外圆周朝向所述外圆周支撑所述电动机，
其中所述离合器中的至少一个或多个在所述电动机的内圆周内部彼此重叠。
13.如权利要求12所述的混合动力车辆的传动系，其中所述离合器保持架布置在所述电动机的内圆周内部，并且被布置成与连接/断开所述发动机与所述变速器的所述离合器相比更靠近所述电动机。
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KR20100062640A (ko) 2010-06-10

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