CN101720669B - Cultivation method of black-peel chewing cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings planted in early spring for coming into market in winter - Google Patents
Cultivation method of black-peel chewing cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings planted in early spring for coming into market in winter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101720669B CN101720669B CN2009101146033A CN200910114603A CN101720669B CN 101720669 B CN101720669 B CN 101720669B CN 2009101146033 A CN2009101146033 A CN 2009101146033A CN 200910114603 A CN200910114603 A CN 200910114603A CN 101720669 B CN101720669 B CN 101720669B
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method of black-peel chewing cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings planted in early spring for coming into the market in winter. The cultivation method comprises the following steps of: planting the black-peel chewing cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings according to a certain plant row space with a density of 900-1,100 plants per mu and promoting tillers to come up and grow through water manures and cultivation measure management; removing main seedlings, thinning out seedlings and final singling seedlings from a peak tillering period of the tissue-cultured cup seedlings to an initial jointing stage, wherein each tissue-cultured seedling reserves 3-4 tillering seedlings having basically consistent growth; and using the ripened stems of the tillering seedlings as commercial chewing canes. The cultivation method has the advantages that the tillering seedlings of the planted black-peel chewing cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings grow into the commercial chewing canes, and the aspects of plant heights, internode lengths, stem diameters, field brix, and the like of the commercial chewing canes are superior to that of conventional cultivated plants; the commercial chewing cane rate reaches more than 95 percent; and the output of the commercial chewing canes per unit area is increased by more than 20 percent. Moreover, the chewing canes are planted in early spring and can come into the market in winter, thereby greatly shortening the planting time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of fruit sugarcane cultivation, specifically belong to a kind of casting skin fruit cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings and plant the high-yield cultivating method that goes on the market winter early spring.
Background technology
Casting skin fruit sugarcane name is risen sheer from level ground and is drawn (Badila), because its stem look atropurpureus, people claim the casting skin sugarcane again.Casting skin fruit sugarcane is the remarkable kind of China's fruit sugarcane, and plantation is historical to be the main fruit sugarcane cultivar in southern sugarcane districts such as Guangxi, Guangdong more than more than 50 year, and wherein Guangxi casting skin fruit sugarcane cultivated area accounts for more than 90% of the fruit sugarcane gross area.Because long-term planting and reserving seed for planting certainly causes kind of sexual involution serious.Adopting at present tissue culture technology production detoxification health seedling, is the effective technology measure that recovers fruit sugarcane good strains of seeds, and large-area applications aborning.Use the healthy tissue-cultured seedling of detoxification at present; Because existence group training effect; Generally be to utilize tissue-cultured cup seedlings plantation one-level seedling production one-level kind stem; Utilize one-level kind stem to produce secondary kind stem then, do the production of commodity sugarcane with planting with secondary kind stem or three grades of kind stems at last, seldom utilize tissue-cultured cup seedlings to do the production of commodity sugarcane.The detoxification health seedling mainly is the germ of removing in the plant, and bacteria infection again easily in the production application process generally makes 4～5 years and need change kind again.Therefore, the detoxification health seedling need to strengthen is isolated the preventing and controlling with sick worm in I and II kind stem reproductive process, prevent pathogen transmission, reduction virus-elimination seedlings service life.At present, China's sugarcane district working condition is complicated, and the detoxification health seedling fails well to isolate in reproductive process; Again susceptible probability is high; Mosaic disease particularly, susceptible then rate can be up to more than 50%, and this just reduces the detoxification synergistic effect of detoxification health seedling greatly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the cane healthy tissue-cultured seedling nutrient cup seedling field planting Direct Production commodity sugarcane of a kind of casting skin fruit, bring into play the detoxification synergistic effect the biglyyest.Grow up to the commodity sugarcane with tillered nursery plant, reach and plant the listing in winter early spring.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
Casting skin fruit cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings is by certain seeding row spacing, and the density field planting land for growing field crops of every mu 900～1100 strain through liquid manure and cultivation step management, promotes to tiller and takes place and growth; Remove main seedling, thinning, final singling at tissue-cultured cup seedlings Sheng phase to jointing initial stage of tillering, every strain tissue cultivating seedling keeps the tillered nursery plant of 3～4 strains growth basically identical, becomes stem to make the commodity sugarcane with tillered nursery plant.
Described healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings is that its false stem is high 18～25 centimetres, robust plant, well developed root system through the nutrient cup seedling of pathogenies such as not wounded in the battle leaf disease of processing and sugarcane ratoon stunting disease.
The management of described liquid manure and cultivation step, be the detoxication and tissue culture field planting after, drench sufficient normal root water, note preserving moisture and sheltering from heat or light before becoming to live; The back horse back that becomes to live is executed liquid manure and weed control.
Be the sugarcane seedling that group training nutrient cup seedling low level bud is grown described tillering.
Described main seedling is a group training nutrient cup seedling stem seedling.
Described thinning, final singling are that unit are becomes stem to make the commodity sugarcane by the certain seedling number of cultivation purpose reservation, and all the other small and weak unhealthy or overstocked seedlings are removed.
Described commodity sugarcane is all to satisfy the casting skin fruit sugarcane that distributors requires at aspects such as plant height, stem footpath, exterior qualities.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The fruit sugarcane tissue cultivating seedling that the present invention plants grows up to the commodity sugarcane with tillered nursery plant, and its plant height, length of internode, stem footpath, field sugar hammer degree etc. are superior to conventional cultivation, and commodity sugarcane rate reaches more than 95%, and unit are commodity sugarcane output is increased production more than 20%; And plantation in early spring, winter can go on the market, and shorten implantation time greatly.
Embodiment
Through following specific embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description, but the present invention's fruit sugarcane kind and implantation time are not limited thereto.
1. donor material is selected
Select healthy growth, no damage by disease and insect 6 annual～July from the field, the casting skin with this breediness is sugarcane taper branch really, remove unnecessary blade after, the alcohol disinfecting with 75%; Or get its lateral bud, after the hot water treatment detoxification, carry out heat and cultivate, when treating false high 15 centimetres of stem seedling, get strong sprout, remove unnecessary blade after, the alcohol disinfecting with 75%.
2. casting skin fruit sugarcane tissue cultivating seedling is produced
Under aseptic condition, (MS is that the most general a kind of medium title is used in Plant Tissue Breeding, and main component is for planting the required number of chemical material of growth with the MS medium; Its public use of filling a prescription) be the basis, taper carries out evoked callus with tender leaf, then seedling differentiation, propagation; Take root for September; Carry out that group planting is heeled in, the individual plant nutrient cup is grown seedlings October etc., to December to January, the false stem of tissue cultivating seedling is high 15～20 centimetres.
3. casting skin fruit sugarcane tissue cultivating seedling land for growing field crops field planting
By the density field planting land for growing field crops of every mu 900～1100 strain, be casting skin fruit sugarcane tissue cultural seedlings of free cup shoot root according to fruit sugarcane producing region condition, level is low than the high yield area planting density, the low sugarcane district of level can height, planting depth has just been put down tissue cultivating seedling nutrient cup face.
(1) wholely: put in order ground by locality cultivation custom, it is loose, broken, flat that soil reaches, and dug the drain ditch, holds plantation ditch or cave successfully;
(2) basal dressing: increase quick-acting fertilizer and the control soil insect agricultural chemicals of executing about 10% than conventional cultivation, and mix multiple 5～10 centimetres mellow soil thoroughly with soil; Because planting density is little, early stage, assorted seedling was more, for reducing weed encroachment and reduce labour cost, herbicide spraying behind the earth backing, lid mulch film;
(3) planting density: the present invention is to tiller into the commodity sugarcane, and every mu of plantation 900～1100 strains get final product, and sugarcane district in Guangxi carries out field planting in 2～March;
(4) mode of planting and management
By certain spacing in the rows, remove the tissue cultivating seedling nutrient cup, cut 2/3 blade; Dig from mulch film top one with the close osculum of nutrient cup size, plant tissue cultivating seedling and bury, earth backing drenches sufficient normal root water, the just flat tissue cultivating seedling nutrient cup face of the degree of depth is sealed the film mouth with earth; With good conditionsily before plantation back becomes to live implement the heat and moisture preserving measure, in time carry out liquid manure and other cultivation steps management, particularly using of quick-acting liquid manure after becoming to live, promote to tiller and take place and growth.
4. thinning, final singling
(1) after tissue cultivating seedling becomes to live, promptly gets into tillering stage, note checking and do not expose tillering of film, promote the tillered nursery plant healthy growth, and strengthen water and fertilizer management.About 1% composite fertilizer is drenched 1～2 time in the seedling back of become living, and when seedling leaf look changes green, executes urea 5～10kg, composite fertilizer 20～25kg, and keeps ground moistening, promotes the 1st time of fruit sugarcane to tiller and reaches more than 4 strains.
(2) remove the stem seedling:, remove the stem seedling from base portion, to cultivate the healthy tillered nursery plant of growth basically identical when major part group training tillered nursery plant length has 3～6 leaves; The stem seedling is removed too early, and the tillered nursery plant phototrophy is not enough, and it is slow that the stem seedling was removed, and robs light and rob nutrition, all is unfavorable for the tillered nursery plant growth; If the stem seedling is not removed, its stem is less, and commodity rate is low.The stem seedling time of removing carries out after with fine 9 o'clock of morning.
After using the detoxification healthy tissue-cultured cup transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops of tissue culture technology production, because functions of hormones, it is many to tiller, and main seedling stem directly little and lateral bud is prone to sprout, and commodity sugarcane rate is extremely low, only as breeding stock, does not do the production of commodity sugarcane.
(3) behind the removal stem seedling, every glass of tissue cultivating seedling keeps the tillered nursery plant of 4～6 strains growth basically identical, removes the unnecessary seedling of tillering.At this moment, execute fertilizer in strong sprout, every 667m
2Sealing fertilizer 50～60kg, urea 20～25kg.
(4) drape over one's shoulders the joint phase when most of tillered nursery plant gets into, carry out final singling, every glass of tissue cultivating seedling keeps the tillered nursery plant of 3～4 strains growth basically identical, removes small and weak, non-healthy sugarcane seedling, and every mu keeps 3500～4000 strains of sugarcane seedling.Get into conventional field cultivation management then.
5. field cultivation management
Similar with conventional cultivation.
6. result of implementation
Test is carried out in the Nanning, and is visible from table 1, and the cane healthy tissue-cultured seedling of casting skin fruit is planted the listing in winter spring, and its yield per unit area, commodity sugarcane rate, length of internode etc. are superior to contrast (endemic species stem seedling).In average 800 yuan per ton of fruit sugarcane in recent years, use the fruit sugarcane that present technique produces and to increase income more than 1680 yuan for every mu.
Table 1 fruit sugarcane begins the results listing in late November then, and implementation result sees the following form:
| Handle | Plant height (CM) | Length of internode (CM) | Stem footpath (CM) | Field hammer degree (degree) | Number of productive tiller (bar) | Commodity sugarcane rate (%) | Output (ton/mu) |
| The present invention | 253 | 9.2 | 4.0 | 19.5 | 58125 | 96.1 | 12.3 |
| CK | 234 | 8.1 | 3.8 | 19.4 | 57765 | 94.2 | 10.2 |
Claims (4)
1. casting skin fruit cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings is planted the cultivation method of listing in winter early spring; It is characterized in that: casting skin fruit cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings is by certain seeding row spacing; The density field planting land for growing field crops of every mu 900～1100 strain through liquid manure and cultivation step management, promotes to tiller and takes place and growth; Remove main seedling, thinning, final singling at tissue-cultured cup seedlings Sheng phase to jointing initial stage of tillering, every strain tissue cultivating seedling keeps the tillered nursery plant of 3～4 strains growth basically identical, becomes stem to make the commodity sugarcane with tillered nursery plant;
Described healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings is that its false stem is high 18～25 centimetres, robust plant, well developed root system through the nutrient cup seedling of pathogenies such as not wounded in the battle leaf disease of processing and sugarcane ratoon stunting disease;
The management of described liquid manure and cultivation step, be the detoxication and tissue culture field planting after, drench sufficient normal root water, note preserving moisture and sheltering from heat or light before becoming to live, the back that becomes to live is executed liquid manure and weed control at once;
Described thinning, final singling are that unit are becomes stem to make the commodity sugarcane by the certain seedling number of cultivation purpose reservation, and all the other small and weak unhealthy or overstocked seedlings are removed.
2. casting skin fruit cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings according to claim 1 is planted the cultivation method of listing in winter early spring, it is characterized in that: be the sugarcane seedling that group training nutrient cup seedling low level bud is grown described tillering.
3. casting skin fruit cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings according to claim 1 is planted the cultivation method of listing in winter early spring, it is characterized in that: described main seedling is a group training nutrient cup seedling stem seedling.
4. casting skin fruit cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings according to claim 1 is planted the cultivation method of listing in winter early spring, it is characterized in that: described commodity sugarcane is all can satisfy the casting skin fruit sugarcane that distributors requires at plant height, stem footpath, exterior quality.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101146033A CN101720669B (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2009-11-30 | Cultivation method of black-peel chewing cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings planted in early spring for coming into market in winter |
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| CN2009101146033A CN101720669B (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2009-11-30 | Cultivation method of black-peel chewing cane healthy tissue-cultured cup seedlings planted in early spring for coming into market in winter |
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| CN101720669A CN101720669A (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| CN101720669B true CN101720669B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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| CN103314813A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for preventing mildew plaques of skin between black leather sugarcane joints |
| CN104322263A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-04 | 劳炳凤 | Planting method for fresh and sweet type black skin sugarcane |
| CN107736218A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-02-27 | 毛华养 | A kind of sugar becomes planting technology of the fruit with sugarcane with sugarcane |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101361458A (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2009-02-11 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Efficient breeding method of sugarcane health seedling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101361458A (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2009-02-11 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Efficient breeding method of sugarcane health seedling |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 叶燕平等.果蔗脱毒健康种苗试验初报.《作物杂志》.2003,(第6期),第21-22页. * |
| 周明强等.甘蔗脱毒种苗到生产用种的快繁技术研究.《广西蔗糖》.2005,(第3期),第14-15、36页. * |
| 韦文科.果蔗脱毒种苗在生产上的应用前景及建议.《中国糖料》.2002,(第3期),第41-42页. * |
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